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Matsumoto S, Takamori M, Akazome M. Bathochromic Shift of Fluorescence Peak in Dipyrrolo[1,2- a:2',1'- c]quinoxaline by Introducing Each of Electron-Donating and Electron-Withdrawing Substituent. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072896. [PMID: 37049656 PMCID: PMC10096015 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of organic fluorophore is an important theme. Especially, the fluorophores with longer fluorescence peaks are useful to biological probes. One of the methods to change the fluorescence peak is the introduction of substituents. However, opposing characteristics of the substituents lead to different changes in the fluorescence peaks. Furthermore, the introduction of the substituent also affects their electric properties. Thus, if the materials were developed with the substituent effect on the optical and electric properties separately, it will be useful to design the functional materials related to both optical and electric properties. Herein, we investigated the substituent effect of dipyrrolo[1,2-a:2',1'-c]quinoxalines on fluorescence properties. We synthesized the compounds bearing electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituents at the benzene ring on dipyrrolo[1,2-a:2',1'-c]quinoxaline, which would have more direct influence on the optical properties. By introducing each substituent at the 6 position of dipyrrolo[1,2-a:2',1'-c]quinoxaline, the bathochromic shift was observed in the fluorescence spectra. In the case of fluorine substituent, the change of the fluorescence peak reached was about 19 nm. Using a TDDFT calculation, we explained the reason for such a substituent effect that large on the increment of LUMO energy or decrement of HOMO energy occurred by introducing electron-withdrawing or electron-donating substituents at the 6 position, respectively. The substituent effect on the change of orbital energies is typical although the different characteristics of substituents resulted in the similar tendency about the change of fluorescence peak. Furthermore, with the introduction of phenyl substituents at the 3 and 10 positions, we achieved 40-50 nm longer fluorescence peaks compared with that of the original dipyrrolo[1,2-a:2',1'-c]quinoxaline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Makoto Takamori
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Motohiro Akazome
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Yagishita F, Nii C, Tezuka Y, Tabata A, Nagamune H, Uemura N, Yoshida Y, Mino T, Sakamoto M, Kawamura Y. Fluorescent N-Heteroarenes Having Large Stokes Shift and Water Solubility Suitable for Bioimaging. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumitoshi Yagishita
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Tokushima University; Tokushima 770-8506 Japan
| | - Chiho Nii
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Tokushima University; Tokushima 770-8506 Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tezuka
- Department of Optical Science and Technology; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Tokushima University; Tokushima 770-8506 Japan
| | - Atsushi Tabata
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry; Tokushima University; Tokushima 770-8506 Japan
| | - Hideaki Nagamune
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry; Tokushima University; Tokushima 770-8506 Japan
| | - Naohiro Uemura
- Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshida
- Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takashi Mino
- Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Masami Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kawamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Tokushima University; Tokushima 770-8506 Japan
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Matsumoto S, Watanabe M, Akazome M. Incrementing Stokes Shifts through the Formation of 2,2′-Biimidazoldiium Salts. Org Lett 2018; 20:3613-3617. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inageku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Mei Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inageku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Motohiro Akazome
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inageku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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4
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Bartalucci N, Bortoluzzi M, Funaioli T, Marchetti F, Pampaloni G, Zacchini S. Allowing the direct interaction of N-aryl α-diimines with a high valent metal chloride: one-pot WCl 6-promoted formation of quinoxalinium salts. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:12780-12784. [PMID: 28932841 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03226a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The full potential of a high valent metal chloride as both a chlorinating and an oxidative agent was explored by allowing WCl6 to react with N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl) α-diimines, in CH2Cl2 at room temperature. These α-diimines underwent unprecedented conversion to quinoxalinium cations via intramolecular C-N coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Bartalucci
- University of Pisa, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. fabio.marchetti1974@ unipi.it
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Nakayama A, Nishio S, Otani A, Mera A, Osawa A, Tanino K, Namba K. Substituent Effect at the C4-Position of 1,3a,6a-Triazapentalene. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 64:830-7. [PMID: 27373639 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Various 2,4-disubstituted-1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes possessing methyl and phenyl groups at the C4-position were synthesized. Fluorescence observation of the synthetic 4-methyl- and 4-phenyl-1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes revealed that the introduction of a substituent at the C4-position allowed a long-wavelength shift of the fluorescence maximum. Furthermore, the phenyl group at the C4-position was found to induce a substantial increase in the extinction coefficient value.
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Zhao B, Xu Y, Deng Q, Kan W, Fang Y, Wang L, Gao Y. Modified 1 H -phenanthro[9,10- d ]imidazole derivative with the double acetohydrazide as fluorescent probe for sequential detection of Ni 2+ and Al 3+ with ‘on–off–on’ response. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Takagi K, Kusafuka K, Ito Y, Yamauchi K, Ito K, Fukuda R, Ehara M. Synthesis and Optical Properties of Imidazole- and Benzimidazole-Based Fused π-Conjugated Compounds: Influence of Substituent, Counteranion, and π-Conjugated System. J Org Chem 2015; 80:7172-83. [PMID: 26102427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fused π-conjugated imidazolium chlorides having hydrogen (1-Cl), octyloxy (2-Cl), N,N-dibutylamino (3-Cl), trifluoromethyl (4-Cl), and cyano (5-Cl) groups substituted on the benzene ring at the 2-position of imidazole were prepared. Counteranion exchanges from chloride to bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imidate (2-TFSI) and tetrafluoroborate (2-BF4) were performed. The optical properties of these compounds (absorption and emission wavelengths, fluorescence quantum yield, and solvatochromism) were influenced by both the substituent and anion character, which was investigated by theoretical calculations using the density functional theory (DFT) and symmetry-adapted cluster-configuration interaction (SAC-CI) methods. Fused π-conjugated benzimidazolium chlorides having N,N-dibutylamino (6-Cl) and cyano (7-Cl) groups were also prepared to observe the different solvatochromic shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takagi
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Kazuma Kusafuka
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Yohei Ito
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Koji Yamauchi
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Kaede Ito
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Ryoichi Fukuda
- ‡Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585 Japan.,§Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520 Japan
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- ‡Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585 Japan.,§Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520 Japan
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Namba K, Osawa A, Nakayama A, Mera A, Tano F, Chuman Y, Sakuda E, Taketsugu T, Sakaguchi K, Kitamura N, Tanino K. Synthesis of yellow and red fluorescent 1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes and the theoretical investigation of their optical properties. Chem Sci 2015; 6:1083-1093. [PMID: 29560196 PMCID: PMC5811129 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02780a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To expand the originally developed fluorescent 1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes as fluorescent labelling reagents, the fluorescence wavelength of the 1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes was extended to the red color region. Based on the noteworthy correlation of the fluorescence wavelength with the inductive effect of the 2-substituent, electron-deficient 2-(2-cyano-4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-1,3a,6a-triazapentalene and 2-(2,6-dicyano-4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-1,3a,6a-triazapentalene were synthesized. The former exhibited yellow fluorescence and the latter exhibited red fluorescence, and both compounds exhibited large Stokes shifts, and the 1,3a,6a-triazapentalene system enabled the same fluorescent chromophore to cover the entire region of visible wavelengths. The potential applications of the 1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes as fluorescent probes in the fields of the life sciences were investigated, and the 1,3a,6a-triazapentalene system was clearly proven to be useful as a fluorescent reagent for live cell imaging. Quantum chemical calculations were performed to investigate the optical properties of the 1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes. These calculations revealed that the excitation involves a significant charge-transfer from the 1,3a,6a-triazapentalene skeleton to the 2-substituent. The calculated absorption and fluorescence wavelengths showed a good correlation with the experimental ones, and thus the system could enable the theoretical design of substituents with the desired optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Namba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science , The University of Tokushima , 1-78 Shomachi , Tokushima 770-8505 , Japan .
| | - Ayumi Osawa
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Akira Nakayama
- Catalysis Research Center , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 001-0021 , Japan
| | - Akane Mera
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Fumi Tano
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Yoshiro Chuman
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Eri Sakuda
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Kazuyasu Sakaguchi
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Noboru Kitamura
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Keiji Tanino
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
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Decuypere E, Specklin S, Gabillet S, Audisio D, Liu H, Plougastel L, Kolodych S, Taran F. Copper(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition of 4-bromosydnones and alkynes for the regioselective synthesis of 1,4,5-trisubstituted pyrazoles. Org Lett 2014; 17:362-5. [PMID: 25545588 DOI: 10.1021/ol503482a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed cycloaddition of alkynes with 4-bromosydnones provides a convenient, mild, and regioselective method for the synthesis of a wide range of bromopyrazoles. The broad functional group tolerance of the cycloaddition reaction and further palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions allowed the preparation of polyfunctionalized 1,4,5-pyrazoles that are otherwise difficult to obtain by conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Decuypere
- CEA, iBiTecS, Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage , Gif sur Yvette F-91191, France
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Koszarna B, Matczak R, Krzeszewski M, Vakuliuk O, Klajn J, Tasior M, Nowicki JT, Gryko DT. Direct arylation of electron-poor indolizines. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Gao C, Gao G, Lan J, You J. An AIE active monoimidazolium skeleton: high selectivity and fluorescence turn-on for H2PO4− in acetonitrile and ClO4− in water. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5623-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01821d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Valdés H, Poyatos M, Peris E. A Pyrene-Based N-Heterocyclic Carbene: Study of Its Coordination Chemistry and Stereoelectronic Properties. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om401134w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Valdés
- Departamento
de Quı́mica Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Macarena Poyatos
- Departamento
de Quı́mica Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Eduardo Peris
- Departamento
de Quı́mica Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain
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