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Mosiagin I, Fernandes AJ, Budinská A, Hayriyan L, Ylijoki KEO, Katayev D. Catalytic ipso-Nitration of Organosilanes Enabled by Electrophilic N-Nitrosaccharin Reagent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310851. [PMID: 37632357 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Nitroaromatic compounds represent one of the essential classes of molecules that are widely used as feedstock for the synthesis of intermediates, the preparation of nitro-derived pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials on both laboratory and industrial scales. We herein disclose the efficient, mild, and catalytic ipso-nitration of organotrimethylsilanes, enabled by an electrophilic N-nitrosaccharin reagent and allows chemoselective nitration under mild reaction conditions, while exhibiting remarkable substrate generality and functional group compatibility. Additionally, the reaction conditions proved to be orthogonal to other common functionalities, allowing programming of molecular complexity via successive transformations or late-stage nitration. Detailed mechanistic investigation by experimental and computational approaches strongly supported a classical electrophilic aromatic substitution (SE Ar) mechanism, which was found to proceed through a highly ordered transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mosiagin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Anthony J Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alena Budinská
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Liana Hayriyan
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kai E O Ylijoki
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3 C3, Canada
| | - Dmitry Katayev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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2
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The Tetrahydrofuran Motif in Marine Lipids and Terpenes. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20100642. [PMID: 36286465 PMCID: PMC9605582 DOI: 10.3390/md20100642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocycles are particularly common moieties within marine natural products. Specifically, tetrahydrofuranyl rings are present in a variety of compounds which present complex structures and interesting biological activities. Focusing on terpenoids, a high number of tetrahydrofuran-containing metabolites have been isolated during the last decades. They show promising biological activities, making them potential leads for novel antibiotics, antikinetoplastid drugs, amoebicidal substances, or anticancer drugs. Thus, they have attracted the attention of the synthetics community and numerous approaches to their total syntheses have appeared. Here, we offer the reader an overview of marine-derived terpenoids and related compounds, their isolation, structure determination, and a special focus on their total syntheses and biological profiles.
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3
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Seipp K, Geske L, Opatz T. Marine Pyrrole Alkaloids. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:514. [PMID: 34564176 PMCID: PMC8471394 DOI: 10.3390/md19090514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen heterocycles are essential parts of the chemical machinery of life and often reveal intriguing structures. They are not only widespread in terrestrial habitats but can also frequently be found as natural products in the marine environment. This review highlights the important class of marine pyrrole alkaloids, well-known for their diverse biological activities. A broad overview of the marine pyrrole alkaloids with a focus on their isolation, biological activities, chemical synthesis, and derivatization covering the decade from 2010 to 2020 is provided. With relevant structural subclasses categorized, this review shall provide a clear and timely synopsis of this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Till Opatz
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (K.S.); (L.G.)
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4
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Ding XB, Brimble MA, Furkert DP. Reactivity of 2-Nitropyrrole Systems: Development of Improved Synthetic Approaches to Nitropyrrole Natural Products. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12460-12470. [PMID: 30270625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental study of the reactivity of 2-nitropyrrole systems has enabled the identification of effective methods for incorporation of this unusual motif into advanced natural product frameworks. The presence of electron-rich pyrrole N-protecting groups (BOM, Boz) was demonstrated to enable a variety of previously unsuccessful palladium-mediated cross-couplings to be carried out in high yield. Based on this foundation, a series of regio- and stereoselective synthetic routes toward the nitropyrrolin and heronapyrrole families of natural products was developed by our group (G1-3). A full account of the strategic evolution of these approaches is reported here, highlighting the details of the setbacks encountered and eventual successes achieved en route, including the total synthesis of heronapyrrole B. The fundamental studies and completed total syntheses provide general access to the bioactive 2-nitropyrrole natural product manifold and also establish practical and efficient methods for preparation and elaboration of the medicinally relevant 2-nitropyrrole motif.
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Gross LJ, Stark CBW. Regioselective dehydration of α-hydroxymethyl tetrahydrofurans using Burgess' reagent under microwave irradiation. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:4282-4285. [PMID: 28485439 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00607a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We here present a highly efficient and high yielding procedure for the preparation of 2-vinyl tetrahydrofurans starting from α-hydroxymethyl tetrahydrofurans. Best results for this dehydration were achieved using Burgess' reagent in dioxane under microwave irradiation. A range of functional groups as well as different cyclic and bicyclic frameworks were found to be compatible with the reaction conditions. The desired products were obtained within minutes in good to high yields and excellent regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona J Gross
- Fachbereich Chemie, Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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6
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Tretbar M, Stark CBW. Large-Scale Synthesis of Symmetric Tetramine Ligands by Using a Modular Double Reductive Amination Approach. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maik Tretbar
- Fachbereich Chemie; Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Christian B. W. Stark
- Fachbereich Chemie; Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
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7
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Mitani H, Matsuo T, Kodama T, Nishikawa K, Tachi Y, Morimoto Y. Total synthesis of nitropyrrolins A, B, and D. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Ehrlich G, Stark CBW. Total Synthesis of Cytospolide D and Its Biomimetic Conversion to Cytospolides M, O, and Q. Org Lett 2016; 18:4802-4805. [PMID: 27636302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A total synthesis of cytospolide D, starting from l-glutamic acid, is described. The critical macrolactonization to the 10-membered lactone containing an (E)-configured double bond was successfully achieved by Shiina esterification. Conversion of cytospolide D to its bicyclic derivatives M, O, and Q was accomplished under mild conditions, lending support to the proposed biosynthetic hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Ehrlich
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian B W Stark
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Gao Y, Hu C, Wan JP, Wen C. Metal-free cascade reactions of aldehydes and primary amines for the synthesis of 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrroles. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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10
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Adrian J, Stark CBW. Flexible Approach to (5Z
,9Z
)-Dienoic Fatty Acids Relevant to the Synthesis of Demospongic Acids and Related Natural Products. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Adrian
- Fachbereich Chemie; Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Christian B. W. Stark
- Fachbereich Chemie; Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
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12
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Achanta PS, Akkinepally RR, Bobbala RK, Achanta ARVN. Stereochemistry of 2,2,5-trisubstituted tetrahydrofuran ring-containing natural products based on (1)H NMR spectroscopy: some observations. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2016; 54:158-163. [PMID: 26337711 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar S Achanta
- University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, 506009, India
| | | | - Ravi Kumar Bobbala
- University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, 506009, India
| | - Appa Rao V N Achanta
- University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, 506009, India
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Ding XB, Furkert DP, Brimble MA. 2-Nitropyrrole cross-coupling enables a second generation synthesis of the heronapyrrole antibiotic natural product family. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:12638-12641. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07532k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The heronapyrroles are a family of antibiotic natural products containing the rare 2-nitropyrrole motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Ding
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- New Zealand
| | | | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
- University of Auckland
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14
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Nishida Y, Ueda M, Hayashi M, Takeda N, Miyata O. Dimethylzinc-Mediated Chlorolactamization of Homoallylic Amines with Chloroform. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Matsuo T, Hashimoto S, Nishikawa K, Kodama T, Kikuchi S, Tachi Y, Morimoto Y. Total synthesis and complete stereochemical assignment of heronapyrroles A and B. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Chen J, Guo YP, Sun MH, Fan GT, Zhou L. Bromoform reaction of tertiary amines with N,N-dibromosulfonamides or NBS/sulfonamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:12367-70. [PMID: 25187429 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05578k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new bromoform reaction of tertiary amines with N,N-dibromosulfonamides or NBS/sulfonamides has been developed. A series of amidines were prepared with moderate to good yields via a Csp(3)-Csp(3) bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.
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17
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Schmidt J, Adrian J, Christian B. W. Stark CBWS. Short and highly efficient synthesis of lipid peroxidation inhibitor pyrrolostatin and some analogues thereof. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:8173-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01066g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient and scalable synthesis of the potent lipid peroxidation inhibitor pyrrolostatin is presented together with strategies to modify the key structural subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Schmidt
- Fachbereich Chemie
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Juliane Adrian
- Fachbereich Chemie
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
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18
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Adrian J, Stark CBW. Total Synthesis of Muricadienin, the Putative Key Precursor in the Solamin Biosynthesis. Org Lett 2014; 16:5886-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol502849y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Adrian
- Fachbereich Chemie, Institut
für Organische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King
Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian B. W. Stark
- Fachbereich Chemie, Institut
für Organische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King
Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Schmidt J, Khalil Z, Capon RJ, Stark CBW. Heronapyrrole D: A case of co-inspiration of natural product biosynthesis, total synthesis and biodiscovery. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:1228-32. [PMID: 24991272 PMCID: PMC4077399 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The heronapyrroles A-C have first been isolated from a marine-derived Streptomyces sp. (CMB-0423) in 2010. Structurally, these natural products feature an unusual nitropyrrole system to which a partially oxidized farnesyl chain is attached. The varying degree of oxidation of the sesquiterpenyl subunit in heronapyrroles A-C provoked the hypothesis that there might exist other hitherto unidentified metabolites. On biosynthetic grounds a mono-tetrahydrofuran-diol named heronapyrrole D appeared a possible candidate. We here describe a short asymmetric synthesis of heronapyrrole D, its detection in cultivations of CMB-0423 and finally the evaluation of its antibacterial activity. We thus demonstrate that biosynthetic considerations and the joint effort of synthetic and natural product chemists can result in the identification of new members of a rare class of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Schmidt
- Fachbereich Chemie, Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zeinab Khalil
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert J Capon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Christian B W Stark
- Fachbereich Chemie, Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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