1
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Shi Y, Derasp JS, Maschmeyer T, Hein JE. Phase transfer catalysts shift the pathway to transmetalation in biphasic Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5436. [PMID: 38937470 PMCID: PMC11211432 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The Suzuki-Miyaura coupling is a widely used C-C bond forming reaction. Numerous mechanistic studies have enabled the use of low catalyst loadings and broad functional group tolerance. However, the dominant mode of transmetalation remains controversial and likely depends on the conditions employed. Herein we detail a mechanistic study of the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling under biphasic conditions. The use of phase transfer catalysts results in a remarkable 12-fold rate enhancement in the targeted system. A shift from an oxo-palladium based transmetalation to a boronate-based pathway lies at the root of this activity. Furthermore, a study of the impact of different water loadings reveals reducing the proportion of the aqueous phase increases the reaction rate, contrary to reaction conditions typically employed in the literature. The importance of these findings is highlighted by achieving an exceptionally broad substrate scope with benzylic electrophiles using a 10-fold reduction in catalyst loading relative to literature precedent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Joshua S Derasp
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Tristan Maschmeyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jason E Hein
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- Acceleration Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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2
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Sirvinskaite G, Reisenbauer JC, Morandi B. Deaminative coupling of benzylamines and arylboronic acids. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1709-1714. [PMID: 36819866 PMCID: PMC9930926 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06055h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A metal-free deaminative coupling of non-prefunctionalised benzylamines and arylboronic acids is reported. In this operationally simple reaction, a primary amine in benzylamine is converted into a good leaving group in situ using inexpensive and commercially available isoamyl nitrite as a nitrosating reagent. Lewis-acidic arylboronic acids are shown to replace mineral acids such as HCl or HBF4 that are conventionally used in the preparation of aryl diazonium salts. This unlocked the formation of the corresponding diarylmethanes by forging a new C-C bond in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giedre Sirvinskaite
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Julia C. Reisenbauer
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCIZürich 8093Switzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI Zürich 8093 Switzerland
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3
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Zhong C, Tang H, Cui B, Shi Y, Cao C. Pd-NHC catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling of benzyl ammonium salts. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Zhang D, Xu Z, Tang T, Le L, Wang C, Kambe N, Qiu R. Pd-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Sb-Aryl Stibines with Halogenomethyl Arenes to Give Unsymmetirc Diarylmethanes. Org Lett 2022; 24:3155-3160. [PMID: 35471895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a general method for the synthesis of unsymmetric diarylmethanes from (hetero)aryl methyl halides and Sb-aryl stibines. This protocol shows a broad substrate scope and a good functional group tolerance. Drug molecules, including beclobrate 3al and bifemelane 3as, and drug derivatives, including celecoxib 3p, ibuprofen 3ao, and probenecid 3ap, were efficiently synthesized on a gram scale. The possible mechanism is proposed on the basis of the results of control experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ting Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Liyuan Le
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Cairong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Nobuaki Kambe
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Renhua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
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5
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Zhu MZ, Xie D, Tian SK. Highly Regioselective Aromatic C-H Allylation of N-(Arylmethyl)sulfonimides with Allyl Grignard Reagents Involving Benzylic C-N Cleavage. Org Lett 2021; 23:6877-6881. [PMID: 34410731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new pair of reaction partners has been established for the aromatic C-H functionalization of benzyl electrophiles with nucleophiles via palladium-catalyzed benzylic C-N cleavage. A range of N-(1-naphthylmethyl)sulfonimides, N-(2-thienylmethyl)sulfonimides, and N-(2-furanylmethyl)sulfonimides smoothly underwent palladium-catalyzed aromatic C-H allylation with allyl Grignard reagents at room temperature, delivering structurally diverse substituted 1-allylnaphthalenes and 2-allylheteroarenes in moderate to excellent yields with extremely high regioselectivities. Replacing the N-(arylmethyl)sulfonimide with an (arylmethyl)ammonium salt, an arylmethyl chloride, or an arylmethyl phosphate as the benzyl electrophile leads to a dramatic erosion of the regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Zeng Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis (CAS), and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis (CAS), and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shi-Kai Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis (CAS), and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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6
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Han C, Zhang Z, Xu S, Wang K, Chen K, Zhao J. Palladium-Catalyzed Hiyama Coupling of Benzylic Ammonium Salts via C–N Bond Cleavage. J Org Chem 2019; 84:16308-16313. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P.R. China
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P.R. China
| | - Silin Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P.R. China
| | - Kaiting Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P.R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, P.R. China
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7
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La Manna P, Soriente A, De Rosa M, Buonerba A, Talotta C, Gaeta C, Neri P. Green, Mild, and Efficient Friedel-Crafts Benzylation of Scarcely Reactive Arenes and Heteroarenes under On-Water Conditions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:1673-1683. [PMID: 30775871 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free Friedel-Crafts benzylation (FCB) of scarcely reactive arenes and heteroarenes was performed under on-water conditions by an environmentally sustainable procedure. The catalytic strategy exploits the hydrophobicity of the resorcinarene macrocycle 1 a. The proposed mechanism is based on the activation of benzyl chloride by H-bonding interactions with catalyst 1 a. In fact, under on-water conditions the hydrophobic amplification of the strength of the H-bonding interactions between the OH groups of the resorcinarene catalyst and the chlorine atom of benzyl chloride leads to polarization of the C-Cl bond, which consequently promotes electrophilic attack of the π nucleophile. Thus, many arenes and heteroarenes were efficiently benzylated under mild on-water conditions by using resorcinarene 1 a as catalyst. The FCB of benzene is industrially relevant for the synthesis of diphenylmethane, and hence the on-water procedure was extended to the gram-scale synthesis of diphenylmethane, starting from benzene and benzyl chloride in the presence of resorcinarene catalyst 1 a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pellegrino La Manna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano (SALERNO), 84084, Italy
| | - Annunziata Soriente
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano (SALERNO), 84084, Italy
| | - Margherita De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano (SALERNO), 84084, Italy
| | - Antonio Buonerba
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano (SALERNO), 84084, Italy
| | - Carmen Talotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano (SALERNO), 84084, Italy
| | - Carmine Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano (SALERNO), 84084, Italy
| | - Placido Neri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano (SALERNO), 84084, Italy
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8
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Lim M, Kim H, Ban J, Son J, Lee JK, Min SJ, Lee SU, Rhee H. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling Reactions of N
,N
-Bis(methanesulfonyl)amides through C-N Bond Cleavage. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minkyung Lim
- Department of Bionanotechnology; Hanyang University; Sangnok gu Hanyang Daehak-ro 55 15588 Ansan Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeji Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology; Hanyang University; Sangnok gu Hanyang Daehak-ro 55 15588 Ansan Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Ban
- Department of Bionanotechnology; Hanyang University; Sangnok gu Hanyang Daehak-ro 55 15588 Ansan Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Junghan Son
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Hanyang University; Sangnok-gu Hanyang Daehak-ro 55 15588 Ansan Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyun Lee
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST); Seongbuk-gu Hwarangro 14-gil 5 136-791 Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Joon Min
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Hanyang University; Sangnok-gu Hanyang Daehak-ro 55 15588 Ansan Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Uck Lee
- Department of Bionanotechnology; Hanyang University; Sangnok gu Hanyang Daehak-ro 55 15588 Ansan Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Hanyang University; Sangnok-gu Hanyang Daehak-ro 55 15588 Ansan Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Hakjune Rhee
- Department of Bionanotechnology; Hanyang University; Sangnok gu Hanyang Daehak-ro 55 15588 Ansan Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Hanyang University; Sangnok-gu Hanyang Daehak-ro 55 15588 Ansan Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
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9
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Liao J, Guan W, Boscoe BP, Tucker JW, Tomlin JW, Garnsey M, Watson MP. Transforming Benzylic Amines into Diarylmethanes: Cross-Couplings of Benzylic Pyridinium Salts via C-N Bond Activation. Org Lett 2018; 20:3030-3033. [PMID: 29745674 PMCID: PMC6005208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of benzylic pyridinium salts with arylboronic acids was developed. Coupled with chemoselective pyridinium formation, this method allows benzyl primary amines to be efficiently converted to di(hetero)arylmethanes. Excellent heteroaryl and functional group tolerance is observed, and a one-pot procedure enables benzylic amines to be converted to diarylmethanes directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Liao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Weiye Guan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Brian P. Boscoe
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Joseph W. Tucker
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - John W. Tomlin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Michelle Garnsey
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Mary P. Watson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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10
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Jin L, Wei W, Sun N, Hu B, Shen Z, Hu X. Unsymmetrical CNN-palladacycles with geometry-constrained iminopyridyl ligands: an efficient precatalyst in Suzuki coupling for accessing 1,1-diarylalkanes from secondary benzylic bromides. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00517f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We developed a series of unsymmetrical CNN palladacycles with geometry-constrained iminopyridyl ligands, which were used as efficient precatalysts for preparing diarylalkanes through Suzuki coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Jin
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310032
- P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310032
- P.R. China
| | - Nan Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310032
- P.R. China
| | - Baoxiang Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310032
- P.R. China
| | - Zhenlu Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310032
- P.R. China
| | - Xinquan Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310032
- P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
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11
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Wang T, Yang S, Xu S, Han C, Guo G, Zhao J. Palladium catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling of benzyltrimethylammonium salts via C–N bond cleavage. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02549a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A Pd catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling of a benzyltrimethylammonium salt is described. This reaction offers a highly efficient approach to diarylmethanes and also paves the way for the application of benzyltrimethylammonium salts in Pd catalyzed cross-coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- China
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
| | - Shuwu Yang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Silin Xu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Han
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Ge Guo
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- China
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
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12
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Sieber JD, Angeles-Dunham VV, Chennamadhavuni D, Fandrick DR, Haddad N, Grinberg N, Kurouski D, Lee H, Song JJ, Yee NK, Mattson AE, Senanayake CH. Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allenylation of Sulfonylimines and Application to the Stereospecific Allylic Allenylation. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Sieber
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368 USA
| | | | | | - Daniel R. Fandrick
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368 USA
| | - Nizar Haddad
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368 USA
| | - Nelu Grinberg
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368 USA
| | - Dimitry Kurouski
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368 USA
| | - Heewon Lee
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368 USA
| | - Jinhua J. Song
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368 USA
| | - Nathan K. Yee
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368 USA
| | - Anita E. Mattson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Chris H. Senanayake
- Department of Chemical Development; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 900 Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368 Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368 USA
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13
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Singh MK, Lakshman MK. Diarylmethanes through an Unprecedented Palladium-Catalyzed C-C Cross-Coupling of 1-(Aryl)methoxy-1 H-Benzotriazoles with Arylboronic Acids. ChemCatChem 2015; 7:4156-4162. [PMID: 27134687 PMCID: PMC4847744 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
1-(Aryl)methoxy-1H-benzotriazoles (ArCH2OBt) are bench-stable reagents that are prepared readily from 1H-benzotriazol-1-yl-4-methylbenzenesulfonate (BtOTs) and benzylic alcohols. These compounds, which contain a N-O-C bond, undergo cross-coupling with arylboronic acids by C-O bond scission with catalysts that comprise Pd(OAc)2 and biarylphosphine ligands. Such reactivity of ArCH2OBt derivatives, leading to diarylmethanes, has not been described previously and constitutes a new activation of benzylic alcohols. With regard to the various ligands-metal complexes that support catalytic activity, it appears that those with smaller "percent buried volumes" (%Vbur) provide better outcomes. This factor has been evaluated in the initial optimization studies and in further reactions with difficult coupling partners. Ligand electronics of the biaryl moiety seem to play a lesser role in this type of reaction. The bis-coordinating bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether appears to be suitable to improve the yields of low-yielding reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031
| | - Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031
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14
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Sakai N, Hori H, Yoshida Y, Konakahara T, Ogiwara Y. Copper(I)-catalyzed coupling reaction of aryl boronic acids with N,O-acetals and N,N-aminals under atmosphere leading to α-aryl glycine derivatives and diarylmethylamine derivatives. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Wang XX, Xu BB, Song WT, Sun KX, Lu JM. N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(II)-1-methylimidazole complex-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of benzyl sulfonates with arylboronic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4925-30. [PMID: 25812133 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02675f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first example of palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling between benzyl sulfonates and arylboronic acids was reported in this paper. In the presence of a well-defined, air-stable and easily available NHC-Pd(II)-Im complex, all reactions worked well to give the desired products in good to almost quantitative yields under the optimal conditions. Electron-rich, -neutral, -poor and sterically-hindered substituents on both substrates are tolerated in such transformation, providing a convenient, efficient and alternative method for the synthesis of diarylmethanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People's Republic of China.
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