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Bharadwaj KC. Chemoselective Intramolecular Morita-Baylis-Hillman Reaction; Acrylamide and Ketone as Sluggish Reacting Partners on a Labile Framework. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38164748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Chemoselectivity is an important issue frequently encountered while working over labile precursors. Carbonyl compounds with a heteroatom at the β carbon are sensitive precursors because they are prone to elimination under different conditions. Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction, although a widespread method for C-C bond formation, has its own limitations. Acrylamide and ketone are such limitations of the MBH reaction. Using them together for an intramolecular MBH (IMBH) reaction on a labile framework prone to elimination is a significant 2-fold synthetic challenge. A highly chemoselective IMBH reaction on such precursors has been established using 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as a promoter. The protocol leads to quick access to a diversely substituted and functionalized piperidone framework in high yields. Various substitution patterns in the form of 34 successful examples have been studied. A diastereoselective version and tolerance to various functional and protecting groups are the added advantages of the developed methodology. A tertiary carbon at the β position of ketone, however, led to complete reversal of selectivity and gave only the elimination product. Control experiments toward a better understanding of the substitution pattern, role of catalyst, and mechanistic study have been carried out. As an application of the IMBH adduct, a one-step allylic rearrangement for the dihydropyridone framework has also been demonstrated.
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2
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Ojeda-Porras AC, Roy V, Agrofoglio LA. Chemical Approaches to Carbocyclic Nucleosides. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202100307. [PMID: 35119191 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside analogues are at the forefront of antiviral therapy for last decades. To circumvent some of their limitations, based on their metabolism, and in order to improve their anti-viral potency and selectivity, several families of nucleoside analogues have been described through structural modifications at the sugar and heterocycles. The replacement of the oxygen of the nucleoside by a methylene has led to the family of carbocyclic (or cyclopentane) nucleoside analogues. Various potent anti-HIV and anti-HBV drugs belong to this family. Main syntheses of carbocyclic analogues of nucleosides used Diels-Alder reactions (in racemic or asymmetric series), but also started from carbohydrates (ribose, glucose), as a source of optically active compounds, which then had to be transformed into carbacycles under various conditions. The growing interest in carbocyclic nucleosides has led several groups, including ours, to develop new analogues and to explore novel routes. This article will review some of the recent chemistry developed on selected five-membered ring carbocyclic nucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Ojeda-Porras
- ICOA, Univ. Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Vincent Roy
- ICOA, Univ. Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Luigi A Agrofoglio
- ICOA, Univ. Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
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Łukasik B, Mikina M, Mikołajczyk M, Pawłowska R, Żurawiński R. A novel route to a chiral building block for the preparation of cyclopentenyl carbocyclic nucleosides. Synthesis and anticancer activity of enantiomeric neplanocins A. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31838-31847. [PMID: 35518147 PMCID: PMC9056547 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06394k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of both enantiomers of 3-[(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]methyl-4,5-O-isopropylidenecyclopent-2-en-1-ol was accomplished in six steps based on optically inactive dimethyl meso-tartrate. This key intermediate in the synthesis of cyclopentenyl carbocyclic nucleosides was subsequently applied in the preparation of enantiomeric neplanocins A. The toxic effect of these compounds was investigated for a series of suspension and adherent cancer cell lines and normal human fibroblasts. (−)-Neplanocin A ((−)-NPA) was more toxic against all tested cancer cell lines than its dextrorotary counterpart. The highest toxicity with IC50 values of 7 and 10 μM was observed for the MOLT-4 and A431 cells, respectively. Moreover, (−)-NPA also induced apoptosis in A431 cell while this effect was not observed for (+)-NPA. A novel route to both enantiomers of a cyclopentene building block was developed and applied to the synthesis of enantiomeric neplanocins A.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Łukasik
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland +48-426803260
| | - Maciej Mikina
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland +48-426803260
| | - Marian Mikołajczyk
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland +48-426803260
| | - Róża Pawłowska
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Remigiusz Żurawiński
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland +48-426803260
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Zajičková M, Moncoľ J, Šesták S, Kóňa J, Koóš M, Bella M. Synthesis of 4a-Carba- d-lyxofuranose Derivatives and Their Evaluation as Inhibitors of GH38 α-Mannosidases. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mária Zajičková
- Centre for Glycomics; Institute of Chemistry; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Dúbravská cesta 9 SK-845 38 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Ján Moncoľ
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology; Radlinského 9 SK-812 37 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Sergej Šesták
- Centre for Glycomics; Institute of Chemistry; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Dúbravská cesta 9 SK-845 38 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Juraj Kóňa
- Centre for Glycomics; Institute of Chemistry; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Dúbravská cesta 9 SK-845 38 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Koóš
- Centre for Glycomics; Institute of Chemistry; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Dúbravská cesta 9 SK-845 38 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Maroš Bella
- Centre for Glycomics; Institute of Chemistry; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Dúbravská cesta 9 SK-845 38 Bratislava Slovakia
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Banachowicz P, Mlynarski J, Buda S. Intramolecular Tandem Seleno-Michael/Aldol Reaction: A Simple Route to Hydroxy Cyclo-1-ene-1-carboxylate Esters. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11269-11277. [PMID: 30081637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular tandem seleno-Michael/aldol reaction followed by an oxidation-elimination process can be an efficient tool for the construction of hydroxy cyclo-1-ene-1-carboxylate esters from oxo-α,β-unsaturated esters. Generation of lithium selenolate from elemental selenium and n-BuLi provides a simple and efficient one-pot access to cyclic endo-Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Banachowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Gronostajowa 2 , 30-387 Krakow , Poland
| | - Jacek Mlynarski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52 , 01-224 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Szymon Buda
- Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Gronostajowa 2 , 30-387 Krakow , Poland
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6
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Syntheses of cyclopentyl nucleoside (−)-neplanocin A through tetrazole-fragmentation from cyanophosphates. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Al-Saad D, Memeo MG, Quadrelli P. Pericyclic Reactions for Anti-HPV Antivirals: Unconventional Nucleoside Analogue Synthesis via Nitrosocarbonyl Chemistry. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalya Al-Saad
- orcid.org/0000-0001-5369; Department of Chemistry; University of Pavia; Viale Taramelli 12 27100 - Pavia Italy
| | - Misal Giuseppe Memeo
- orcid.org/0000-0001-5369; Department of Chemistry; University of Pavia; Viale Taramelli 12 27100 - Pavia Italy
| | - Paolo Quadrelli
- orcid.org/0000-0001-5369; Department of Chemistry; University of Pavia; Viale Taramelli 12 27100 - Pavia Italy
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Bouton J, Van Hecke K, Van Calenbergh S. Efficient diastereoselective synthesis of a new class of azanucleosides: 2'-homoazanucleosides. Tetrahedron 2017; 73:4307-4316. [PMID: 32287431 PMCID: PMC7111761 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Azanucleosides, sugar-modified nucleoside analogues containing a 4' nitrogen atom, have shown a lot of therapeutic potential, e.g. as anti-cancer and antiviral agents. We report the synthesis of a series of 2'-homoazanucleosides, in which the nucleobase is attached to the 2'-position of the pyrrolidine ring via a methylene linker. A suitable orthogonally protected iminosugar was synthesized by ring closing metathesis and dihydroxylation as key steps and further converted to a series of 8 nucleoside analogues through Mitsunobu reaction with suitably protected nucleobases. The 5' position of the adenine analogue was then further derivatized with thiols to afford 2 additional compounds. The final compounds were evaluated for biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Bouton
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- XStruct, Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Highly diastereoselective synthesis of tertiary alcohols via intramolecular Baylis-Hillman reaction using less reactive acrylamides as activated alkenes and ketones as electrophiles. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ng K, Minehan TG. A Single-Flask Synthesis of Morita-Baylis-Hillman Adducts from Ethoxyacetylene and Carbonyl Compounds: Synthesis of Subamolides D and E. Org Lett 2016; 18:4028-31. [PMID: 27490948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sequential treatment of (ethoxyethynyl)lithium with aldehydes and/or ketones (2 and 4) and BF3·OEt2 gives rise to β-hydroxyenoates 5 in good to excellent overall yields. Similarly, the combination of 1 (M = Li) and dicarbonyl compounds 6 (X = O) or keto/aldehyde acetals (X = OMe) followed by the addition of a Lewis acid leads to five-, six-, and seven-membered hydroxycycloalkene carboxyates. The utility of this method is demonstrated in the synthesis of the α-alkylidene lactone natural products subamolide D and E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University , Northridge 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, California 91330-8262, United States
| | - Thomas G Minehan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University , Northridge 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, California 91330-8262, United States
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Liu Y, Huang B. Three-component reactions of phosphorus ylides, thiophenols, and acetyl chloride for the synthesis of (β-thioacrylates). PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2015.1115403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P. R. China
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Bharadwaj KC, Tiwari DK. Double Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) strategy; an intermolecular and a chemo selective intramolecular MBH reactions for 5/6 substituted, functionalized piperidine unit. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Nucleoside analogs are extremely useful for the development of therapeutic agents to control viral diseases and cancer. Among the numerous modifications on the nucleoside skeleton, replacement of the oxygen of the furanose ring by a CH2 group resulted in increased flexibility and higher resistance to phosphorylases and led to carbocyclic nucleoside analogs (or carbanucleosides). The broad spectrum of biological activities of carbocyclic nucleosides led to tremendous research interest in their syntheses. The article documents recent strategies for the synthesis of active carbocyclic nucleosides by presenting individual case studies, such as the neplanocins, entecavir and selected fluorinated carbocyclic nucleosides. Furthermore, it provides new insights into new directions for more potent and active carbocyclic nucleoside analogs.
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Jing Y, Meng J, Liu Y, Wan JP. Direct Three-Component Synthesis ofα-Cyano Acrylates Involving Cascade Knoevenagel Reaction and Esterification. CHINESE J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201500420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Chandra Bharadwaj K. Intramolecular Morita–Baylis–Hillman and Rauhut–Currier reactions. A catalytic and atom economic route for carbocycles and heterocycles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13611c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramolecular MBH and RC reactions: glorious past and future opportunities.
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Tam EKW, Nguyen TM, Lim CZH, Lee PL, Li Z, Jiang X, Santhanakrishnan S, Tan TW, Goh YL, Wong SY, Yang H, Ong EHQ, Hill J, Yu Q, Chai CLL. 3-Deazaneplanocin A and neplanocin A analogues and their effects on apoptotic cell death. ChemMedChem 2014; 10:173-82. [PMID: 25319940 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
3-Deazaneplanocin A (DzNep) is a potential epigenetic drug for the treatment of various cancers. DzNep has been reported to deplete histone methylations, including oncogenic EZH2 complex, giving rise to epigenetic modifications that reactivate many silenced tumor suppressors in cancer cells. Despite its promise as an anticancer drug, little is known about the structure-activity relationships of DzNep in the context of epigenetic modifications and apoptosis induction. In this study, a number of analogues of DzNep were examined for DzNep-like ability to induce synergistic apoptosis in cancer cells in combination with trichostatin A, a known histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. The structure-activity relationship data thus obtained provide valuable information on the structural requirements for biological activity. The studies identified three compounds that show similar activities to DzNep. Two of these compounds show good pharmacokinetics and safety profiles. Attempts to correlate the observed synergistic apoptotic activities with measured S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) inhibitory activities suggest that the apoptotic activity of DzNep might not be directly due to its inhibition of SAHH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric K W Tam
- Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), 8 Biomedical Grove, Neuros #07-01, Singapore 138665 (Singapore)
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