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Eaves JD. Multielectron Dynamics in the Condensed Phase: Quantum Structure-Function Relationships. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2024; 75:437-456. [PMID: 38941526 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-042018-052515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Quantum information promises dramatic advances in computing last seen in the digital revolution, but quantum hardware is fragile, noisy, and resource intensive. Chemistry has a role in developing new materials for quantum information that are robust to noise, scalable, and operable in ambient conditions. While molecular structure is the foundation for understanding mechanism and reactivity, molecular structure/quantum function relationships remain mostly undiscovered. Using singlet fission as a specific example of a multielectron process capable of producing long-lived spin-entangled electronic states at high temperatures, I describe how to exploit molecular structure and symmetry to gain quantum function and how some principles learned from singlet fission apply more broadly to quantum science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Eaves
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA;
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2
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A new reduced chalcone-derivative affects the membrane permeability and electric potential of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110086. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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Computational design of singlet fission biradicaloid chromophores. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Yablon LM, Sanders SN, Miyazaki K, Kumarasamy E, He G, Choi B, Ananth N, Sfeir MY, Campos LM. Singlet fission and triplet pair recombination in bipentacenes with a twist. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:462-470. [PMID: 34846410 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01201k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigate triplet pair dynamics in pentacene dimers that have varying degrees of coplanarity (pentacene-pentacene twist angle). The fine-tuning of the twist angle was achieved by alternating connectivity at the 1-position or 2-positions of pentacene. This mix-and-match connectivity leads to tunable twist angles between the two covalently linked pentacenes. These twisted dimers allow us to investigate the subtle effects that the dihedral angle between the covalently linked pentacenes imparts on singlet fission and triplet pair recombination dynamics. We observe that as the dihedral angle between the two bonded pentacenes is increased, the rates of singlet fission decrease, while the accompanying decrease in triplet recombination rates is stark. Temperature-dependent transient optical studies combined with theoretical calculations show that the triplet pair recombination proceeds primarily through a direct multiexciton internal conversion process. Calculations further show that the significant decrease in recombination rates can be directly attributed to a corresponding decrease in the magnitude of the nonadiabatic coupling between the singlet multiexcitonic state and the ground state. These results highlight the importance of the twist angle in designing systems that exhibit rapid singlet fission, while maintaining long triplet pair lifetimes in pentacene dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Yablon
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
| | - Samuel N Sanders
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
| | - Ken Miyazaki
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
| | - Elango Kumarasamy
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
| | - Guiying He
- Department of Physics, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA.
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
| | - Bonnie Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
| | - Nandini Ananth
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
| | - Matthew Y Sfeir
- Department of Physics, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA.
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
| | - Luis M Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
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5
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Lewis TN, Tonnelé C, Shuler WG, Kasun ZA, Sato H, Berges AJ, Rodriguez JR, Krische MJ, Casanova D, Bardeen CJ. Chemical Tuning of Exciton versus Charge-Transfer Excited States in Conformationally Restricted Arylene Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18548-18558. [PMID: 34709810 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Covalent assemblies of conjugated organic chromophores provide the opportunity to engineer new excited states with novel properties. In this work, a newly developed triple-stranded cage architecture, in which meta-substituted aromatic caps serve as covalent linking groups that attach to both top and bottom of the conjugated molecule walls, is used to tune the properties of thiophene oligomer assemblies. Benzene-capped and triazine-capped 5,5'-(2,2-bithiophene)-containing arylene cages are synthesized and characterized using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic methods. The conformational freedom and electronic states are analyzed using time-dependent density functional theory. The benzene cap acts as a passive spacer whose electronic states do not mix with those of the chromophore walls. The excited state properties are dominated by through-space interactions between the chromophore subunits, generating a neutral Frenkel H-type exciton state. This excitonic state undergoes intersystem crossing on a 200 ps time scale while the fluorescence output is suppressed by a factor of 2 due to a decreased radiative rate. Switching to a triazine cap enables electron transfer from the chromophore-linker after the initial excitation to the exciton state, leading to the formation of a charge-transfer state within 10 ps. This state can avoid intersystem crossing and exhibits red-shifted fluorescence with enhanced quantum yield. The ability to interchange structural modules with different electronic properties while retaining the overall cage morphology provides a new approach for tuning the properties of discrete chromophore assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor N Lewis
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Chemistry, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Claire Tonnelé
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018, Donostia, Euskadi Spain
| | - William G Shuler
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zachary A Kasun
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Hiroki Sato
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Adam J Berges
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Chemistry, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jacob R Rodriguez
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Michael J Krische
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018, Donostia, Euskadi Spain.,IKERBASQUE - Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Euskadi Spain
| | - Christopher J Bardeen
- University of California, Riverside, Department of Chemistry, Riverside, California 92521, United States.,University of California, Riverside, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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6
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Mishra PK, Kumar A, Verma AK. BF3-Etherate-catalyzed tandem reaction of 2-formylarylketones with electron-rich arenes/heteroarenes: an assembly of isobenzofurans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6122-6125. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02760j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and BF3·Et2O-catalyzed chemoselective synthesis of diversified 1,3-diarylisobenzofuran in a high yield has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi 110007
- India
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7
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Basel BS, Hetzer C, Zirzlmeier J, Thiel D, Guldi R, Hampel F, Kahnt A, Clark T, Guldi DM, Tykwinski RR. Davydov splitting and singlet fission in excitonically coupled pentacene dimers. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3854-3863. [PMID: 31015927 PMCID: PMC6461118 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00384c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Singlet fission (SF) allows two charges to be generated from the absorption of a single photon and is, therefore, potentially transformative toward improving solar energy conversion. Key to the present study of SF is the design of pentacene dimers featuring a xanthene linker that strictly places two pentacene chromophores in a rigid arrangement and, in turn, enforces efficient, intramolecular π-overlap that mimics interactions typically found in condensed state (e.g., solids, films, etc.). Inter-chromophore communication ensures Davydov splitting, which plays an unprecedented role toward achieving SF in pentacene dimers. Transient absorption measurements document that intramolecular SF evolves upon excitation into the lower Davydov bands to form a correlated triplet pair at cryogenic temperature. At room temperature, the two spin-correlated triplets, one per pentacene moiety within the dimers, are electronically coupled to an excimer state. The presented results are transferable to a broad range of acene morphologies including aggregates, crystals, and films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Sabine Basel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Constantin Hetzer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Johannes Zirzlmeier
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Rebecca Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Axel Kahnt
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) , Permoserstr. 15 , D-04318 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Computer-Chemistry-Center (CCC) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Nägelsbachstrasse 25 , 91052 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Dirk Michael Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Rik R Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta, T6G 2G2 , Canada .
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8
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Cook JD, Carey TJ, Arias DH, Johnson JC, Damrauer NH. Solvent-Controlled Branching of Localized versus Delocalized Singlet Exciton States and Equilibration with Charge Transfer in a Structurally Well-Defined Tetracene Dimer. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:9229-9242. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper D. Cook
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Thomas J. Carey
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Dylan H. Arias
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Justin C. Johnson
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Niels H. Damrauer
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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9
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Johnson JC, Michl J. 1,3-Diphenylisobenzofuran: a Model Chromophore for Singlet Fission. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:80. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0162-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Schrauben JN, Akdag A, Wen J, Havlas Z, Ryerson JL, Smith MB, Michl J, Johnson JC. Excitation Localization/Delocalization Isomerism in a Strongly Coupled Covalent Dimer of 1,3-Diphenylisobenzofuran. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:3473-83. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel N. Schrauben
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Akin Akdag
- Department
of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jin Wen
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Havlas
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Joseph L. Ryerson
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | | | - Josef Michl
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Justin C. Johnson
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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