1
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Tom MJ, Evans PA. Regioselective and Stereospecific Rhodium-Catalyzed Allylic Cyanomethylation with an Acetonitrile Equivalent: Construction of Acyclic β-Quaternary Stereogenic Nitriles. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11957-11961. [PMID: 32486634 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A highly regioselective and stereospecific rhodium-catalyzed cyanomethylation of tertiary allylic carbonates for the construction of acyclic β-quaternary stereogenic nitriles is described. This protocol represents the first example of a metal-catalyzed allylic substitution reaction using a triorganosilyl-stabilized acetonitrile anion, which permits access to several carbonyl derivatives that are challenging to prepare using conventional pronucleophiles. The synthetic utility of the stereospecific cyanomethylation is further exemplified through the construction of an intermediate utilized in the total synthesis of both (-)-epilaurene and (-)-α-cuparenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai-Jan Tom
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - P Andrew Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston ON K7L 3N6, Canada.,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, P. R. of China
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2
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Synthesis of Racemic 2‐(Aminomethyl)cyclopropane‐1,1‐dicarboxylic Acid as a New Constrained γ‐Amino Dicarboxylic Acid Bypassing Alkyl 3‐Aza‐2‐oxobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane‐1‐carboxylates. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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3
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Toda Y, Matsuda R, Gomyou S, Suga H. Use of trichloroacetonitrile as a hydrogen chloride generator for ring-opening reactions of aziridines. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3825-3829. [PMID: 30920569 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00602h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective ring-opening reactions of 2-aryl-N-tosylaziridines are described, in which hydrogen chloride is generated by photodegradation of trichloroacetonitrile. HCl adducts are obtained in high yields in 1,4-dioxane, whereas methanol adducts are predominantly obtained in methanol. Trichloroacetonitrile can serve as a photoresponsive molecular storage generator for hydrogen chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Toda
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
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4
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Yang S, Wang L, Zhang H, Liu C, Zhang L, Wang X, Zhang G, Li Y, Zhang Q. Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Aminocyanation of Arylcyclopropanes for Synthesis of γ-Amino Nitriles. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengbiao Yang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Chunyang Liu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Linli Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yan Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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5
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Piens N, Van Hecke K, Vogt D, D'hooghe M. Cobalt carbonyl-catalyzed carbonylation of functionalized aziridines to versatile β-lactam building blocks. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:4816-4821. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00832e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aziridine to azetidin-2-one carbonylation as a convenient entry to pyrrolidines,C-fused bi- and tricyclic β-lactams and monocyclic carbapenem analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Piens
- SynBioC Research Group
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- XStruct
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
| | - Dieter Vogt
- EaStCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh EH9 3FJ
- UK
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
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6
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Dolfen J, Vervisch K, De Kimpe N, D'hooghe M. LiAlH4
-Induced Selective Ring Rearrangement of 2-(2-Cyanoethyl)aziridines toward 2-(Aminomethyl)pyrrolidines and 3-Aminopiperidines as Eligible Heterocyclic Building Blocks. Chemistry 2016; 22:4945-51. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Dolfen
- SynBioC Research Group; Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Karel Vervisch
- SynBioC Research Group; Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Norbert De Kimpe
- SynBioC Research Group; Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group; Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
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7
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Mollet K, Decuyper L, Vander Meeren S, Piens N, De Winter K, Desmet T, D'hooghe M. Synthesis of 2-aryl-3-(2-cyanoethyl)aziridines and their chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis towards γ-lactams and γ-lactones. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2716-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02615b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Trans- andcis-2-aryl-3-(2-cyanoethyl)aziridines were transformed into 4-[aryl(alkylamino)methyl]butyrolactones and/or 5-[aryl(hydroxy)methyl]pyrrolidin-2-onesviachemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of the cyano group, followed by ring expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Mollet
- SynBioC Research Group
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
| | - Lena Decuyper
- SynBioC Research Group
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
| | - Saskia Vander Meeren
- SynBioC Research Group
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
| | - Nicola Piens
- SynBioC Research Group
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
| | - Karel De Winter
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Tom Desmet
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
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8
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De Brabandere S, Mangelinckx S, Kadam ST, Nural Y, Augustyns K, Van der Veken P, Törnroos KW, De Kimpe N. Synthesis of γ,δ-Aziridino α-Amino Acid Derivatives and their Stereoselective Ring Transformation to 2-(Aminomethyl)-1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic Acid Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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9
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Synthesis of 2-aminomethyl-4-phenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes via LiAlH4-induced reductive cyclization of 2-(4-chloro-2-cyano-2-phenylbutyl)aziridines and evaluation of their antimalarial activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:1507-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Meiresonne T, Mangelinckx S, De Kimpe N. Stereoselective synthesis of both enantiomers of trans-2-(diphenylmethylideneamino)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid using a chiral pool approach and their incorporation in dipeptides. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Ghorai MK, Shukla D, Bhattacharyya A. Syntheses of Chiral β- and γ-Amino Ethers, Morpholines, and Their Homologues via Nucleophilic Ring-Opening of Chiral Activated Aziridines and Azetidines. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3740-53. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300002u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manas K. Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Dipti Shukla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
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12
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Stanković S, Goossens H, Catak S, Tezcan M, Waroquier M, Van Speybroeck V, D’hooghe M, De Kimpe N. Solvent-Controlled Selective Transformation of 2-Bromomethyl-2-methylaziridines to Functionalized Aziridines and Azetidines. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3181-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202637a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Stanković
- Department of Sustainable Organic
Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent,
Belgium
| | - Hannelore Goossens
- Center for Molecular
Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark
903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde,
Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Saron Catak
- Center for Molecular
Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark
903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde,
Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Meniz Tezcan
- Department of Sustainable Organic
Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent,
Belgium
| | - Michel Waroquier
- Center for Molecular
Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark
903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde,
Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular
Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark
903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde,
Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Matthias D’hooghe
- Department of Sustainable Organic
Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent,
Belgium
| | - Norbert De Kimpe
- Department of Sustainable Organic
Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent,
Belgium
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13
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Saitoh H, Watanabe T, Kimura T, Kato Y, Satoh T. New synthesis of multisubstituted cyanocyclopropanes by the intramolecular SN2 alkylation and 1,3-CC insertion reaction of magnesium carbenoids as the key reactions. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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14
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Vervisch K, D'hooghe M, Törnroos KW, De Kimpe N. Radical-mediated nitrile translocation as the key step in the stereoselective transformation of 2-(4-chloro-2-cyanobutyl)aziridines to methyl cis-(1-arylmethyl-4-phenylpiperidin-2-yl)acetates. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3308-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob07062f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Vervisch K, D'hooghe M, Rutjes FPJT, De Kimpe N. Chemical and enzymatic synthesis of 2-(2-carbamoylethyl)- and 2-(2-carboxyethyl)aziridines and their conversion into δ-lactams and γ-lactones. Org Lett 2011; 14:106-9. [PMID: 22149132 DOI: 10.1021/ol202888j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of 1-arylmethyl-2-(2-cyanoethyl)aziridines with a nitrile hydratase afforded the corresponding 2-(2-carbamoylethyl)aziridines, which underwent rearrangement into 5-hydroxypiperidin-2-ones upon heating under microwave irradiation. In addition, treatment of 2-(2-cyanoethyl)aziridines with a nitrilase selectively afforded 5-hydroxypiperidin-2-ones in good yields. On the other hand, chemical hydrolysis of 2-(2-cyanoethyl)aziridines using KOH in EtOH/H(2)O furnished the corresponding potassium 3-(aziridin-2-yl)propanoates, which, upon acidification with acetic acid, smoothly rearranged into 4-(aminomethyl)butyrolactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Vervisch
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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16
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Stanković S, D'hooghe M, Catak S, Eum H, Waroquier M, Van Speybroeck V, De Kimpe N, Ha HJ. Regioselectivity in the ring opening of non-activated aziridines. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 41:643-65. [PMID: 21894345 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15140a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this critical review, the ring opening of non-activated 2-substituted aziridines via intermediate aziridinium salts will be dealt with. Emphasis will be put on the relationship between the observed regioselectivity and inherent structural features such as the nature of the C2 aziridine substituent and the nature of the electrophile and the nucleophile. This overview should allow chemists to gain insight into the factors governing the regioselectivity in aziridinium ring openings (81 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Stanković
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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17
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18
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Stanković S, Catak S, D’hooghe M, Goossens H, Abbaspour Tehrani K, Bogaert P, Waroquier M, Van Speybroeck V, De Kimpe N. Synthesis of 3-Methoxyazetidines via an Aziridine to Azetidine Rearrangement and Theoretical Rationalization of the Reaction Mechanism. J Org Chem 2011; 76:2157-67. [DOI: 10.1021/jo102555r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Stanković
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saron Catak
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Matthias D’hooghe
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Goossens
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Kourosch Abbaspour Tehrani
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Piet Bogaert
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michel Waroquier
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Norbert De Kimpe
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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19
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Catak S, D'hooghe M, Verstraelen T, Hemelsoet K, Van Nieuwenhove A, Ha HJ, Waroquier M, De Kimpe N, Van Speybroeck V. Opposite regiospecific ring opening of 2-(cyanomethyl)aziridines by hydrogen bromide and benzyl bromide: experimental study and theoretical rationalization. J Org Chem 2010; 75:4530-41. [PMID: 20507166 DOI: 10.1021/jo100687q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ring opening of 1-arylmethyl-2-(cyanomethyl)aziridines with HBr afforded 3-(arylmethyl)amino-4-bromobutyronitriles via regiospecific ring opening at the unsubstituted aziridine carbon. Previous experimental and theoretical reports show treatment of the same compounds with benzyl bromide to furnish 4-amino-3-bromobutanenitriles through ring opening at the substituted aziridine carbon. To gain insights into the regioselective preference with HBr, reaction paths have been analyzed with computational methods. The effect of solvation was taken into account by the use of explicit solvent molecules. Geometries were determined at the B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory, and a Grimme-type correction term was included for long-range dispersion interactions; relative energies were refined with the meta-hybrid MPW1B95 functional. Activation barriers confirm preference for ring opening at the unsubstituted ring carbon for HBr. HBr versus benzyl bromide ring opening was analyzed through comparison of the electronic structure of corresponding aziridinium intermediates. Although the electrostatic picture fails to explain the opposite regiospecific nature of the reaction, frontier molecular orbital analysis of LUMOs and nucleophilic Fukui functions show a clear preference of attack for the substituted aziridine carbon in the benzyl bromide case and for the unsubstituted aziridine carbon in the HBr case, successfully rationalizing the experimentally observed regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saron Catak
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
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20
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Vervisch K, D'hooghe M, Törnroos KW, De Kimpe N. Synthesis of stereodefined piperidines from aziridines and their transformation into conformationally constrained amino acids, amino alcohols and 2,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes. J Org Chem 2010; 75:7734-44. [PMID: 20977252 DOI: 10.1021/jo101646u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2-(2-Cyano-2-phenylethyl)aziridines were converted into novel cis- and trans-2-chloromethyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carbonitriles via alkylation with 1-bromo-2-chloroethane followed by microwave-assisted 6-exo-tet cyclization and regiospecific ring opening. The latter piperidines were used as eligible substrates for the synthesis of stereodefined 2-chloromethyl-, 2-hydroxymethyl-, and 2-carboxymethyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acids, 2-hydroxymethyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carbonitriles, 3-hydroxy-5-phenylazepane-5-carbonitriles, and 5-phenyl-2,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Vervisch
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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21
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D'hooghe M, Catak S, Stanković S, Waroquier M, Kim Y, Ha HJ, Van Speybroeck V, De Kimpe N. Systematic Study of Halide-Induced Ring Opening of 2-Substituted Aziridinium Salts and Theoretical Rationalization of the Reaction Pathways. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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A new synthesis of cyanocyclopropanes by the intramolecular alkylation of magnesium carbenoids as the key reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Banks HD. Torquoselectivity Studies in the Generation of Azomethine Ylides from Substituted Aziridines. J Org Chem 2010; 75:2510-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo902600y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Harold D. Banks
- U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center APG, Maryland 21010-5424
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24
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Catak S, D’hooghe M, De Kimpe N, Waroquier M, Van Speybroeck V. Intramolecular π−π Stacking Interactions in 2-Substituted N,N-Dibenzylaziridinium Ions and Their Regioselectivity in Nucleophilic Ring-Opening Reactions. J Org Chem 2009; 75:885-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jo902493w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saron Catak
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
- QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias D’hooghe
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Norbert De Kimpe
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michel Waroquier
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
- QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels, Belgium
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
- QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels, Belgium
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25
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Yun SY, Catak S, Lee WK, D'hooghe M, De Kimpe N, Van Speybroeck V, Waroquier M, Kim Y, Ha HJ. Nucleophile-dependent regioselective ring opening of 2-substituted N,N-dibenzylaziridinium ions: bromide versus hydride. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:2508-10. [PMID: 19532872 DOI: 10.1039/b822763b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ring opening of 2-substituted N,N-dibenzylaziridinium ions by bromide exclusively occurs at the substituted aziridine carbon atom in a stereospecific way, whereas the opposite regioselectivity was observed for hydride-induced ring opening at the unsubstituted position; furthermore, this unprecedented hydride-promoted reactivity was validated by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Young Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
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Piotrowska DG, Wróblewski AE. Towards Convenient Precursors for α -Phosphonylated Aziridinium Ions. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500902719867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota G. Piotrowska
- a Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Łódź , Łódź, Poland
| | - Andrzej E. Wróblewski
- a Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Łódź , Łódź, Poland
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Vervisch K, D'hooghe M, Törnroos KW, De Kimpe N. A new approach towards 1-phenyl and 1-benzyl substituted 2-(aminomethyl)cyclopropanecarboxamides as novel derivatives of the antidepressant Milnacipran. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:3271-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b904611a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mangelinckx S, Žukauskaitė A, Buinauskaitė V, Šačkus A, De Kimpe N. Synthesis of alkyl 2-(bromomethyl)aziridine-2-carboxylates and alkyl 3-bromoazetidine-3-carboxylates as amino acid building blocks. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.09.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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29
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D'hooghe M, De Kimpe N. Synthesis and synthetic applications of 2-amino-3-halo-1-oxypropanes. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Banks HD. Dramatic effects of halogen substitution and solvent on the rates and mechanisms of nucleophilic substitution reactions of aziridines. J Org Chem 2008; 73:2510-7. [PMID: 18331051 DOI: 10.1021/jo7023224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study we reported that fluorine substitution at the carbon positions of aziridine results in profound enhancements of the rate of reaction with ammonia, a typical nucleophile, in the gas phase. In this study the investigation is extended to include chloro- and bromoaziridines. Because syntheses are largely performed in the condensed phase, the present computational investigation [(MP2(Full)/6-311++G(d,p)//MP2(Full)/6-31+G(d) level] was conducted with three typical solvents that cover a wide range of polarity: THF, CH3CN, and H2O. Nucleophiles can react with haloaziridines 1 by displacing a substituted amide ion by means of an SN2 mechanism (pathway a), producing 1,2-diaminohaloethanes (from the initially formed dipolar species 2). Alternatively, a rearrangement mechanism involving rate-determining departure of a halide ion (pathway b) to form an imidoyl halide, 3, is possible. Transition-state theory was used to compute relative reaction rates of these mechanistic possibilities and to assess the role of the halogen substituents and the reaction solvent. Gas-phase results provided the basis of mechanistic insights that were more apparent in the absence of intermolecular interactions. Fluoroaziridines were found to react at accelerated rates relative to aziridine exclusively by means of the a Menshutkin-type mechanism (SN2) in each solvent tested, while the reactions of the chloro- and bromoaziridines could be directed toward 2 in the highly nonpolar solvent, cyclohexane, or toward 3 in the more polar solvents. An assessment is made of the feasibility of using this chemistry of the haloazirdines in the synthetic laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold D Banks
- US Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, APG, MD 21010-5424, USA.
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D'hooghe M, Dekeukeleire S, De Kimpe N. Reactivity of N-(omega-haloalkyl)-beta-lactams with regard to lithium aluminium hydride: novel synthesis of 1-(1-aryl-3-hydroxypropyl)aziridines and 3-aryl-3-(N-propylamino)propan-1-ols. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:1190-6. [PMID: 18362957 DOI: 10.1039/b719686e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of 4-aryl-1-(2-chloroethyl)azetidin-2-ones and 4-aryl-1-(3-bromopropyl)azetidin-2-ones with regard to lithium aluminium hydride has been evaluated for the first time. 4-Aryl-1-(2-chloroethyl)azetidin-2-ones were transformed into novel 1-(1-aryl-3-hydroxypropyl)aziridines through an unprecedented conversion of beta-lactams into 2,3-unsubstituted aziridine derivatives. Unexpectedly, 4-aryl-1-(3-bromopropyl)azetidin-2-ones underwent dehalogenation towards 3-aryl-3-(N-propylamino)propan-1-ols upon treatment with LiAlH(4). 1-(1-Aryl-3-hydroxypropyl)aziridines were further elaborated by means of ring opening reactions using benzyl bromide in acetonitrile towards 3-aryl-3-[N-benzyl-N-(2-bromoethyl)amino]propan-1-ols and using aluminium(iii) chloride in diethyl ether, affording 3-aryl-3-[N-(2-chloroethyl)amino]propan-1-ols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias D'hooghe
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
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