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Li S, Liang F, Huang D, Wu H, Tan X, Ma J, Wei C, Wang S, Huang Z, Yang G, He X, Yang J. Diterpenoids from the Aerial Parts of Isodon serra with Selective Cytotoxic Activity. Molecules 2024; 29:2733. [PMID: 38930799 PMCID: PMC11207078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Four new diterpenoids, isodosins A-D (1-4), together with nine known compounds (5-13) were isolated and identified from the aerial parts of Isodon serra (Maxim.) Hara. The structures of the new diterpenoids were elucidated based on the analysis of HR-ESI-MS data, 1D/2D-NMR-spectroscopic data, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Cytotoxicities of compounds 2, 3, 5, 6, and 9 against the HepG2 and H1975 cell lines were evaluated with the MTT assay. As a result, compounds 2, 3, and 6 revealed higher levels of cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells than against H1975 cells. Moreover, compund 6 demonstrated the most efficacy in inhibiting the proliferation of HepG2 cells, with an IC50 value of 41.13 ± 3.49 μM. This effect was achieved by inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the relationships between the structures and activities of these compounds are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Fang Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Dongdong Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Huanling Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Xiaohua Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Jiang Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Caihong Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Shixiong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ziying Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Guang Yang
- China Academy of Chinese·Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
| | - Xin He
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ji Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
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Banks TM, Clay SF, Glover SA, Schumacher RR. Mutagenicity of N-acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides as an indicator of DNA intercalation part 1: evidence for naphthalene as a DNA intercalator. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3699-714. [PMID: 26958784 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00162a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
N-Acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides are direct-acting mutagens in S. typhimurium TA100 with a linear dependence upon log P that maximises at log P0 = 6.4. Eight N-acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides (2-9) bearing a naphthalene group on any of the three side-chains and with log P0 < 6.4 have been demonstrated to be significantly and uniformly more mutagenic towards S. typhimurium TA100 than 50 mutagens without naphthalene. The activity enhancement of 2-9 is likely due to intercalative binding of naphthalene to bacterial DNA as a number are also active in TA98, a frame-shift strain of S. typhimurium, which is modified by intercalators. DNA damage profiles for naphthalene-bearing mutagens confirm enhanced reactivity with DNA when naphthalene is incorporated and a different binding mode when compared to mutagens without naphthalene. The effect is independent of whether the naphthalene is attached to an electron-donating alkyl or electron-withdrawing acyl group, alkyl tether length or, in the case of 6 and 7, the point of attachment to naphthalene. A new quantitative structure activity relationship has been constructed for all 58 congeners incorporating log P and an indicator variable, I, for the presence (I = 1) or absence (I = 0) of naphthalene and from which the activity enhancing effect of a naphthalene has been quantified at between three and four log P units. Contrary to conventional views, simple naphthalene groups could target molecules to DNA through intercalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony M Banks
- Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
| | - Samuel F Clay
- Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
| | - Stephen A Glover
- Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
| | - Rhiannon R Schumacher
- Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
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Wang S, Zhao R, Liu K, Zhu M, Li A, He J. Essential role of an unknown gene aziU3 in the production of antitumor antibiotic azinomycin B verified by utilizing optimized genetic manipulation systems for Streptomyces sahachiroi. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2012; 337:147-54. [PMID: 23039858 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces sahachiroi ATCC 33158 produces the potent antitumor antibiotic azinomycin B, which is featured with a set of unusual functionalized moieties. However, the genetic analyses of azinomycin B biosynthetic pathway are hampered by the low efficiency of S. sahachiroi genetic manipulation. In this study, we developed two efficient DNA transfer systems for S. sahachiroi ATCC 33158 by optimizing a variety of parameters known to affect intergeneric conjugation and protoplast transformation. High efficiencies of 4 × 10(2) transformants per μg DNA and 2.47 × 10(-4) conjugants per recipient were achieved when using the integrative vector pJTU2554. With the use of these improved genetic manipulation systems, aziU3 was discovered to play a key role in the biosynthesis of azinomycin B. In-frame deletion and complementation experiments demonstrated clearly that aziU3 is essential for azinomycin B biosynthesis. Changing the native promoter and insertion of an additional aziU3 gene copy resulted in two mutant strains over-producing azinomycin B. Real-time PCR verified that overexpression of aziU3 significantly improved the azinomycin B production in these mutant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Chakor NS, Dallavalle S, Musso L, Sardi P. Synthesis and evaluation of structural requirements for antifungal activity of cyrmenin B1 analogues. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Foulke-Abel J, Agbo H, Zhang H, Mori S, Watanabe CMH. Mode of action and biosynthesis of the azabicycle-containing natural products azinomycin and ficellomycin. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:693-704. [DOI: 10.1039/c0np00049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ding W, Deng W, Tang M, Zhang Q, Tang G, Bi Y, Liu W. Biosynthesis of 3-methoxy-5-methyl naphthoic acid and its incorporation into the antitumor antibiotic azinomycin B. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2010; 6:1071-81. [PMID: 20485749 DOI: 10.1039/b926358f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Azinomycin B is a potent antitumor antibiotic that features a set of unusual, densely assembled functionalities. Among them, the 3-methoxy-5-methylnaphthoic acid (NPA) moiety provides an important noncovalent association with DNA, and may, therefore, contribute to the specificity of DNA alkylation for biological activity exhibition. We have previously cloned and sequenced the azinomycin B biosynthetic gene cluster, and proposed that four enzymes: AziB, AziB1, AziB2, and AziA1, are involved in the naphthoate moiety formation and incorporation. In this study, we report in vivo and/or in vitro characterizations of the P450 hydroxylase AziB1, the O-methyltransferase AziB2, and the substrate specificity of the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) AziA1, providing insights into the timing of individual steps in the late-stage modification of 5-methyl-NPA synthesized by the iterative type I polyketide synthase AziB. AziB1 catalyzes a regiospecific hydroxylation at the C3 position of the free naphthoic acid 5-methyl-NPA to produce 3-hydroxy-5-methyl-NPA, and the resulting hydroxyl group is subsequently O-methylated by AziB2 to furnish the methoxy functionality. The di-domain NRPS AziA1 specifically incorporates 3-methoxy-5-methyl-NPA via an unusual A domain to initiate the backbone formation of azinomycin B. AziA1 activates several analogues of the natural starter unit, suggesting a potential for production by metabolic engineering of new azinomycin analogues differing in their NPA moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ding
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Rd, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Abstract
A short and efficient synthesis of cyrmenin B(1), an antifungal metabolite of myxobacteria Cystobacter armeniaca and Archangium gephyra, is described. The crucial steps of the synthesis included the formation of the dehydroalanine moiety from the corresponding serine acetate and the formation of the beta-methoxyacrylate system via trimethylsilyldiazomethane methylation of the corresponding beta-hydroxy enamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan S Chakor
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari Agroalimentari, Universita' di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Sharma V, Kelly GT, Watanabe CMH. Exploration of the Molecular Origin of the Azinomycin Epoxide: Timing of the Biosynthesis Revealed. Org Lett 2008; 10:4815-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol8018852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasudha Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842
| | - Gilbert T. Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842
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Zhao Q, He Q, Ding W, Tang M, Kang Q, Yu Y, Deng W, Zhang Q, Fang J, Tang G, Liu W. Characterization of the Azinomycin B Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Revealing a Different Iterative Type I Polyketide Synthase for Naphthoate Biosynthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 15:693-705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2008.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2008] [Revised: 05/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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