1
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Horváth Á, Benkő Z. Phthalazine as a Diene in Diels-Alder Reactions With P- and As-Containing Anionic Dienophiles: Comparison of Possible Reaction Channels. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400140. [PMID: 38819996 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Phthalazine can behave as a diene in Diels-Alder (DA) cycloadditions, typically at the pyridazine ring, however, its application is somewhat limited because these reactions usually require harsh conditions or sophisticated catalysts. As an unconventional example, phthalazine was reported to undergo cycloaddition with the [PCO]- anion without any catalyst. In this computational study, we scrutinise the mechanism of the DA reactions between phthalazine and the so far known [ECX]- (E: P, As; X: O, S, Se) anions as dienophiles. In principle, the attack of an [ECX]- anion may occur at two different sites of phthalazine, either at the benzene or the pyridazine ring, and both of these possible reaction channels were juxtaposed on the basis of energetic aspects. In all of the investigated cases, the analysis of the energy profiles reveals a clear regioselectivity that favours the attack at the pyridazine ring. As a result, so far unprecedented 2-pnictanaphth-3-olate analogues seem achievable as final products. Comparing the characteristics of these pathways allowed us to clarify the source of this regioselectivity: The pyridazine ring of phthalazine exhibits lower aromaticity than the benzene subring; therefore, in the DA step, the former ring shows a higher affinity toward a dienophile than the latter, leading to lower activation barriers. To further map the electronic and structural features of the cycloaddition steps, the local interactions evolving in the transition states were analysed and compared using global and local descriptors. In most aspects, the characteristics of both pathways were found to be rather similar, in contrast to the markedly differing activation barriers on the two routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Horváth
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp 3., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp 3., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Műegyetem rkp 3., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
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2
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Lapoot L, Wang C, Matikonda SS, Schnermann MJ, Greer A. Bluer Phototruncation: Retro-Diels-Alder of Heptamethine Cyanine to Trimethine Cyanine through an Allene Hydroperoxide Intermediate. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38051763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The photoconversion of heptamethine to pentamethine cyanines and of pentamethine to trimethine cyanines was recently reported. Here, we report mechanistic studies and initial experimental evidence for a previously unexplored 4-carbon truncation reaction that converts the simplest heptamethine cyanine to the corresponding trimethine cyanine. We propose a DFT-supported model describing a singlet oxygen (1O2)-mediated formation of an allene hydroperoxide intermediate and subsequent 4-carbon loss through a retro-Diels-Alder process. Fluorescence and mass spectrometry measurements provide evidence of this direct conversion process. This 4-carbon truncation reaction adds to a growing body of cyanine reactivity and may provide an optical tool leading to a substantial blue-shift (Δλem) of ∼200 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Lapoot
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Connor Wang
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Siddharth S Matikonda
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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3
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Li S, Zhou L. gem-Difluoro-Masked o-Quinone Methides Generated by Photocatalytic Radical (3+3) Annulation and Their (4+1) Cycloaddition with Sulfur Ylides. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37996080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
A visible light-promoted radical (3+3) annulation of vinyldiazo compounds and bromodifluoromethyl alkynyl ketones for the construction of gem-difluoro-masked o-quinone methides (o-QMs) is described. The reactivity of this new type of o-QM precursor is demonstrated by its (4+1) cycloaddition with sulfur ylides, affording monofluorinated aromatic benzofurans by the elimination of HBr without external oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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4
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The synthesis of 2H-pyrido[3,4-c][1,2]benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-diones from 6-oxo-6H-1,2-oxazine-3-carboxylates. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-023-03168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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5
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Happy S, Junaid M, Yadagiri D. Reactivity of quinone methides with carbenes generated from α-diazocarbonyl compounds and related compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 59:29-42. [PMID: 36484325 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05623b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, quinone methides have broadly been applied in synthesis and biological systems for synthesizing heterocyclic compounds and biologically active molecules. In this feature article, we have discussed the novel and uncovered reactivity of o-quinone methides, p-quinone methides, aza-o-quinone methides, and indolyl-2-methides with carbenes generated from α-diazocarbonyl compounds and related compounds. Two in situ-generated transient intermediates undergo cycloannulation reactions, metathesis-type reactions, 1,6-conjugate addition reactions, cyclopropanation reactions, and many other transformations to access nitrogen- and oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds and beyond. The reactivity of quinone methides and carbenes is observed in various metal catalysts, Brønsted-acids, Lewis acids, phase transfer catalysts, additives, and visible-light-induced transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharma Happy
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis & Catalysis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Mohammad Junaid
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis & Catalysis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Dongari Yadagiri
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis & Catalysis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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6
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Rodríguez-Tzompantzi V, Hernández-Pérez JM, Morales-Salazar I, Sandoval-Lira J, Quintero L, Cruz-Gregorio S, Sartillo-Piscil F. Accelerated Dimerization of α,β-Unsaturated D- Xylo-Hexofurano-5-ulose Derivatives through Asynchronous Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12802-12812. [PMID: 34469149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While some hetero-Diels-Alder (HDA) reactions are accelerated by either carbonyl or phosphate groups attached directly to the heterodiene moiety, the alkyl or aryl groups, on the other hand, have minimal influence. However, in this article, we demonstrate that aryl groups have a significant effect on the spontaneous dimerization reaction of α,β-unsaturated D-xylo-hexofurano-5-ulose derivatives to their respective pyrano adducts via intermolecular HDA reaction. Experimental and computational studies provide strong evidence that dimerization follows the Woodward-Katz two-stage mechanism reaction (asynchronous process), from which the aryl/aryl π-stacking interaction is mainly responsible for the rate-determining step (RDS) and electrostatic interaction for the second bond formation. Since the latter interaction is highly affected by dipolar moment, 5-ulose derivative having a strong electron-withdrawing group (R = CN; μ = 14.3 D) is spontaneously dimerized more than 15 times faster than 5-ulose that possesses an electron-donating group (R = OMe; μ = 2.1 D).
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Rodríguez-Tzompantzi
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México
| | - Julio M Hernández-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México
| | - Isaías Morales-Salazar
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México
| | - Jacinto Sandoval-Lira
- Departamento de Ingeniería Ambiental, Instituto Tecnológico Superior de San Martín Texmelucan, Camino a la Barranca de Pesos, C.P. 74120 San Martín Texmelucan, Puebla, México
| | - Leticia Quintero
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México
| | - Silvano Cruz-Gregorio
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México
| | - Fernando Sartillo-Piscil
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México
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7
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Ma Y, He X, Yang Q, Boucherif A, Xuan J. Recent Advances in Organocatalytic Asymmetric Cycloaddition Reactions Through
Ortho
‐Quinone Methide Scaffolds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Hong Ma
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang Hubei 443002 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yu He
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang Hubei 443002 P. R. China
| | - Qing‐Qing Yang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang Hubei 443002 P. R. China
| | - Amina Boucherif
- Department of biology Aboubeker Belkaïd University BP119 Tlemcen 13000 Algeria
| | - Jun Xuan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials Anhui University Anhui Hefei 230601 P. R. China
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8
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Tanaka K, Kishimoto M, Asada Y, Tanaka Y, Hoshino Y, Honda K. Access to Electron-Deficient 2,2-Disubstituted Chromanes: A Highly Regioselective One-Pot Synthesis via an Inverse-Electron-Demand [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of ortho-Quinone Methides. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13858-13870. [PMID: 31580068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the one-pot synthesis of 2,2-disubstituted chromanes with electron-withdrawing substituents. This reaction provides a simple yet efficient route to a wide range of electron-deficient chromanes in high yield and excellent regioselectivity. The reaction of salicylaldehyde with 1,1-disubstituted ethylenes smoothly furnishes these electron-deficient chromanes, which can be further transformed into functionalized chromanes or chromene. For example, BW683C was effectively synthesized from 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde with 4-chlorostyrene in two steps in excellent yield. The present reaction thus provides versatile access to functionalized electron-deficient chromanes and chromenes and therefore constitutes a promising tool for the synthesis of biologically and photochemically active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Tanaka
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences , Yokohama National University , Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501 , Japan
| | - Mami Kishimoto
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences , Yokohama National University , Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501 , Japan
| | - Yosuke Asada
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences , Yokohama National University , Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501 , Japan
| | - Yuta Tanaka
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences , Yokohama National University , Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501 , Japan
| | - Yujiro Hoshino
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences , Yokohama National University , Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501 , Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Honda
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences , Yokohama National University , Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501 , Japan
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9
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Zhou F, Cheng Y, Liu XP, Chen JR, Xiao WJ. A visible light photoredox catalyzed carbon radical-mediated generation of ortho-quinone methides for 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3117-3120. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00727j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A visible light photoredox-catalyzed carbon radical-mediated strategy for in situ formation of ortho-quinone methides from 2-vinyl phenols towards 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran synthesis is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
| | - Ying Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
| | - Xiao-Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
| | - Jia-Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
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10
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Xu WL, Zhang H, Hu YL, Yang H, Chen J, Zhou L. Metal-Free Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions of Prenyl Derivatives with Dienophiles via a Thermal Reversible Process. Org Lett 2018; 20:5774-5778. [PMID: 30182721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
An efficient dehydrogenative Diels-Alder reaction of prenyl derivatives with dienophiles has been developed. The reaction exhibits broad substrate scope and provides efficient access to cyclohexene derivatives with good to excellent yields. A reasonable mechanism involving a metal-free thermal reversible process is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Yu-Long Hu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
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11
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Basha RS, Chen CW, Reddy DM, Lee CF. Iodine-Mediated Direct Generation of o-Quinone Methides at Room Temperature: A Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of ortho-Hydroxybenzyl Thioethers. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:2475-2483. [PMID: 29624908 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
An iodine-mediated preparation of ortho-quinone methides (o-QMs) from ortho-hydroxybenzyl alcohols by a C-O bond scission strategy is described. The in situ generated o-QMs were then employed for C-S bond formation by thio-Michael addition of thiols to provide the ortho-hydroxybenzyl thioethers (o-HBT) in moderate to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sidick Basha
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung, Taiwan, 402, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung, Taiwan, 402, R.O.C
| | | | - Chin-Fa Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung, Taiwan, 402, R.O.C.,Research Center for Sustainable Energy and Nanotechnology, (NCHU), Taichung, Taiwan, 402, R.O.C.,Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, (NCHU), Taichung, Taiwan, 402, R.O.C
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12
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Xu J, Yuan S, Peng J, Miao M, Chen Z, Ren H. Base-mediated diastereoselective [4 + 3] annulation of in situ generated ortho-quinone methides with C,N-cyclic azomethine imines. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:7513-7517. [PMID: 28869260 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01783a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient [4 + 3] annulation of 2-(1-tosylalkyl)phenols with C,N-cyclic azomethine imines via in situ generation of ortho-quinone methides (o-QMs) under mild basic reaction conditions is disclosed, furnishing biologically interesting seven-membered heterocyclic compounds with moderate to good yields and excellent diastereoselectivities. A gram-scale reaction is performed to demonstrate the potential in industrial application and two transition states are proposed to rationalize the outstanding diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China.
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13
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14
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Gebauer K, Reuß F, Spanka M, Schneider C. Relay Catalysis: Manganese(III) Phosphate Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of β-Dicarbonyls to ortho-Quinone Methides Generated by Catalytic Aerobic Oxidation. Org Lett 2017; 19:4588-4591. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Gebauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee
29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franziska Reuß
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee
29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Spanka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee
29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee
29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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15
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Walden DM, Jaworski AA, Johnston RC, Hovey MT, Baker HV, Meyer MP, Scheidt KA, Cheong PHY. Formation of Aza-ortho-quinone Methides Under Room Temperature Conditions: Cs2CO3 Effect. J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Walden
- Department
of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 135 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Ashley A. Jaworski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ryne C. Johnston
- Department
of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 135 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - M. Todd Hovey
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hannah V. Baker
- Department
of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 135 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Matthew P. Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Merced, California 95453, United States
| | - Karl A Scheidt
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department
of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 135 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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16
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Xie Y, List B. Katalytisch-asymmetrische intramolekulare [4+2]-Cycloaddition von in situ generierten ortho
-Chinonmethiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Xie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
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17
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Xie Y, List B. Catalytic Asymmetric Intramolecular [4+2] Cycloaddition of In Situ Generated ortho
-Quinone Methides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4936-4940. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Xie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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18
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Stefańska K, Jędrzejewska H, Wierzbicki M, Szumna A, Iwanek W. The Inverse Demand Oxa-Diels-Alder Reaction of Resorcinarenes: An Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Regioselectivity and Diastereoselectivity. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6018-25. [PMID: 27336857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Diels-Alder reaction enables introduction of new functionalities onto the resorcinarene skeleton with simultaneous generation of new stereogenic centers and expansion of the internal cavity. We present highly regio- and diastereoselective inverse electron demand oxa-Diels-Alder reactions of resorcinarene ortho-quinone methide with benzofuran and indene, each generating 12 new stereogenic centers. The mechanism and reasons for regioselectivity and diastereoselectivity were analyzed using theoretical calculations (NBO charges, Fukui functions, transition state energies, and thermodynamic stability of the products). Enantiomers were separated, and their configurations were determined by comparison of experimental and theoretical electronic circular dichroism spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Stefańska
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce , Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Hanna Jędrzejewska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Wierzbicki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szumna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Iwanek
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce , Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
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19
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Wan L, Zhang D. Brønsted Base-Induced Rearrangement and Nucleophilic Addition of O/N-Functionalized NHCs and Relative Group 4 Metal Complexes for Ethylene Polymerization Catalysis. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Gupta S, Alam MI, Khan TS, Sinha N, Haider MA. On the mechanism of retro-Diels–Alder reaction of partially saturated 2-pyrones to produce biorenewable chemicals. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11697c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Partially saturated 2-pyrone molecules undergo ring-opening and decarboxylation via retro-Diels–Alder (rDA) reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelaka Gupta
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Md. Imteyaz Alam
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Tuhin Suvra Khan
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | | | - M. Ali Haider
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
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21
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Khan TS, Gupta S, Alam MI, Haider MA. Reactivity descriptor for the retro Diels–Alder reaction of partially saturated 2-pyrones: DFT study on substituents and solvent effects. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22303f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The retro-Diels–Alder (rDA) reaction of partially saturated 2-pyrones were studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations in polar and non-polar solvents, and fundamental descriptors were proposed to understand the electronic and solvent effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin S. Khan
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Shelaka Gupta
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Md. Imteyaz Alam
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - M. Ali Haider
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
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22
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23
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Hsiao CC, Raja S, Liao HH, Atodiresei I, Rueping M. Ortho-Chinonmethide als reaktive Intermediate in asymmetrischen Brønsted-Säure-katalysierten Cycloadditionen mit Alkenen mittels exklusiver Aktivierung des Elektrophils. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Hsiao CC, Raja S, Liao HH, Atodiresei I, Rueping M. Ortho-Quinone Methides as Reactive Intermediates in Asymmetric Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Cycloadditions with Unactivated Alkenes by Exclusive Activation of the Electrophile. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5762-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Li N, Liang X, Su W. New insights into the asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction: the endo- and S-selective retro-Diels–Alder reaction. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17788j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The endo- and S-selective retro-Diels–Alder reactions have been proposed and verified in an imidazolethione-catalyzed asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Xianrui Liang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Weike Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
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26
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Hsiao CC, Liao HH, Rueping M. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Access to Distant Stereocenters Embedded within Tetrahydroxanthenes: Utilizingortho-Quinone Methides as Reactive Intermediates in Asymmetric Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Hsiao CC, Liao HH, Rueping M. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Access to Distant Stereocenters Embedded within Tetrahydroxanthenes: Utilizingortho-Quinone Methides as Reactive Intermediates in Asymmetric Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13258-63. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Singh MS, Nagaraju A, Anand N, Chowdhury S. ortho-Quinone methide (o-QM): a highly reactive, ephemeral and versatile intermediate in organic synthesis. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11444b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this critical review, we provide a comprehensive view of the chemistry of ortho-quinone methides as versatile reactive intermediates in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Shankar Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Anugula Nagaraju
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Namrata Anand
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Sushobhan Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221 005, India
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29
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Wang W, Zheng Z, Wang X, Chen J. Generation and Conjugate Additions ofo-Quinone Methides Under Mild Base Conditions: Rapid Synthesis ofN-Substituted Aryl Glycine Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Chen MW, Cao LL, Ye ZS, Jiang GF, Zhou YG. A mild method for generation of o-quinone methides under basic conditions. The facile synthesis of trans-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1660-2. [PMID: 23340596 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc37800d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient method for the generation of o-quinone methide intermediates was developed from the readily available 2-tosylalkylphenols under the mild basic conditions, and their reactions with sulfur ylides were investigated for the stereoselective synthesis of trans-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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31
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Pillay V, Seedat A, Choonara YE, du Toit LC, Kumar P, Ndesendo VMK. A review of polymeric refabrication techniques to modify polymer properties for biomedical and drug delivery applications. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013; 14:692-711. [PMID: 23543606 PMCID: PMC3665995 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-9955-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymers are extensively used in the pharmaceutical and medical field because of their unique and phenomenal properties that they display. They are capable of demonstrating drug delivery properties that are smart and novel, such properties that are not achievable by employing the conventional excipients. Appropriately, polymeric refabrication remains at the forefront of process technology development in an endeavor to produce more useful pharmaceutical and medical products because of the multitudes of smart properties that can be attained through the alteration of polymers. Small alterations to a polymer by either addition, subtraction, self-reaction, or cross reaction with other entities have the capability of generating polymers with properties that are at the level to enable the creation of novel pharmaceutical and medical products. Properties such as stimuli-responsiveness, site targeting, and chronotherapeutics are no longer figures of imaginations but have become a reality through utilizing processes of polymer refabrication. This article has sought to review the different techniques that have been employed in polymeric refabrication to produce superior products in the pharmaceutical and medical disciplines. Techniques such as grafting, blending, interpenetrating polymers networks, and synthesis of polymer complexes will be viewed from a pharmaceutical and medical perspective along with their synthetic process required to attain these products. In addition to this, each process will be evaluated according to its salient features, impeding features, and the role they play in improving current medical devices and procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viness Pillay
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Shaikh AK, Cobb AJA, Varvounis G. Mild and rapid method for the generation of ortho-(naphtho)quinone methide intermediates. Org Lett 2012; 14:584-7. [PMID: 22233235 DOI: 10.1021/ol203196n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A new mild method has been devised for generating o-(naphtho)quinone methides via fluoride-induced desilylation of silyl derivatives of o-hydroxybenzyl(or 1-naphthylmethyl) nitrate. The reactive o-(naphtho)quinone methide intermediates were trapped by C, O, N, and S nucleophiles and underwent "inverse electron-demand" hetero-Diels-Alder reaction with dienophiles to give stable adducts. The method has useful potential application in natural product synthesis and drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul kadar Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
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34
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Adams H, Jones S, Meijer AJ, Najah Z, Ojea-Jiménez I, Reeder AT. Diels–Alder reactions and transformations of 2-cyclopenten-1-one with a chiral anthracene template. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Benchouk W, Mekelleche SM, Silvi B, Aurell MJ, Domingo LR. Understanding the kinetic solvent effects on the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of benzonitrile N-oxide: a DFT study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Batsomboon P, Phakhodee W, Ruchirawat S, Ploypradith P. Generation of ortho-Quinone Methides by p-TsOH on Silica and Their Hetero-Diels−Alder Reactions with Styrenes. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4009-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900504y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paratchata Batsomboon
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway, Bangkok, Thailand 10210, and Program on Research and Development of Synthetic Drugs, Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Wong Phakhodee
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway, Bangkok, Thailand 10210, and Program on Research and Development of Synthetic Drugs, Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway, Bangkok, Thailand 10210, and Program on Research and Development of Synthetic Drugs, Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Poonsakdi Ploypradith
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway, Bangkok, Thailand 10210, and Program on Research and Development of Synthetic Drugs, Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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37
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Lee JK, Tantillo DJ. Reaction mechanisms : Part (ii) Pericyclic reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b717028a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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