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Ye Y, Qi X, Xu B, Lin Y, Xiang H, Zou L, Ye XY, Xie T. Nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile allylation of vinyl bromides and the modification of anti-tumour natural medicine β-elemene. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6959-6966. [PMID: 35774167 PMCID: PMC9200125 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02054h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present a facile and efficient allylation method via Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of readily available allylic acetates with a variety of substituted alkenyl bromides using zinc as the terminal reductant. This Ni-catalyzed modular approach displays excellent functional group tolerance and a broad substrate scope, which the creation of a series of 1,4-dienes including several structurally complex natural products and pharmaceutical motifs. Moreover, the coupling strategy has the potential to realize enantiomeric control. The practicality of this transformation is demonstrated through the potent modification of the naturally antitumor active molecule β-elemene. Herein, we present a facile and efficient allylation method via Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of readily available allylic acetates with a variety of substituted alkenyl bromides using zinc as the terminal reductant.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Xiang Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Ying Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Huan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Xiang-Yang Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
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2
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Mateos J, Fuentes-Vara N, Fra L, Rivera-Chao E, Vázquez-Galiñanes N, Chaves-Pouso A, Fañanás-Mastral M. Transmetalation as Key Step in the Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synergistic Cu/Pd-Catalyzed Allylboration of Alkynes with Racemic Allylic Carbonates. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Mateos
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Noelia Fuentes-Vara
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Fra
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eva Rivera-Chao
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nuria Vázquez-Galiñanes
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrea Chaves-Pouso
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Martín Fañanás-Mastral
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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3
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Wang ZJ, Zheng S, Romero E, Matsui JK, Molander GA. Regioselective Single-Electron Tsuji-Trost Reaction of Allylic Alcohols: A Photoredox/Nickel Dual Catalytic Approach. Org Lett 2019; 21:6543-6547. [PMID: 31390217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A radical-mediated functionalization of allyl alcohol derived partners with a variety of alkyl 1,4-dihydropyridines via photoredox/nickel dual catalysis is described. This transformation transpires with high linear and E-selectivity, avoiding the requirement of harsh conditions (e.g., strong base, elevated temperature). Additionally, using aryl sulfinate salts as radical precursors, allyl sulfones can also be obtained. Kinetic isotope effect experiments implicated oxidative addition of the nickel catalyst to the allylic electrophile as the turnover-limiting step, supporting previous computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Jun Wang
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104-6323 , United States.,State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 41000 , China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104-6323 , United States
| | - Eugénie Romero
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104-6323 , United States
| | - Jennifer K Matsui
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104-6323 , United States
| | - Gary A Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104-6323 , United States
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4
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Patel UN, Jagtap RA, Punji B. Scope and Mechanistic Aspect of Nickel-Catalyzed Alkenylation of Benzothiazoles and Related Azoles with Styryl Bromides. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Iridium-catalysed arylation of C-H bonds enabled by oxidatively induced reductive elimination. Nat Chem 2017; 10:218-224. [PMID: 29359741 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Direct arylation of C-H bonds is in principle a powerful way of preparing value-added molecules that contain carbon-aryl fragments. Unfortunately, currently available synthetic methods are not sufficiently effective to be practical alternatives to conventional cross-coupling reactions. We propose that the main problem lies in the late portion of the catalytic cycle where reductive elimination gives the desired carbon-aryl bond. Accordingly, we have developed a strategy where the Ir(III) centre of the key intermediate is first oxidized to Ir(IV). Density functional theory calculations indicate that the barrier to reductive elimination is reduced by nearly 19 kcal mol-1 for this oxidized complex compared with that of its Ir(III) counterpart. Various experiments confirm this prediction, affording a new methodology capable of directly arylating C-H bonds at room temperature with a broad substrate scope and in good yields. This work highlights how the oxidation states of intermediates can be targeted deliberately to catalyse an otherwise impossible reaction.
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6
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Wang H, Huang H. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Redox-Neutral and Redox-Green C-H Bond Functionalization. CHEM REC 2016; 16:1807-18. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Hanmin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
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7
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Traficante CI, Mata EG, Delpiccolo CML. Very efficient and broad-in-scope palladium-catalyzed Hiyama cross-coupling. The role of water and copper(i) salts. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03732h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A very high-yielding Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling between aryl halides and aryl(trialkoxy)silanes is achieved in the presence of Cu(i) and a measured amount of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla I. Traficante
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET-UNR)
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- 2000 Rosario
- Argentina
| | - Ernesto G. Mata
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET-UNR)
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- 2000 Rosario
- Argentina
| | - Carina M. L. Delpiccolo
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET-UNR)
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- 2000 Rosario
- Argentina
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8
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Horino Y, Takahashi Y, Kobayashi R, Abe H. Palladium-Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Strained Alkenes with 3-Pinacolatoboryl-1-arylallyl Carboxylates. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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9
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Xiang S, Hoang KLM, He J, Tan YJ, Liu XW. Reversing the stereoselectivity of a palladium-catalyzed O-glycosylation through an inner-sphere or outer-sphere pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:604-7. [PMID: 25366278 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and concise method for the construction of various O-glycosidic bonds by a palladium-catalyzed reaction with a 3-O-picoloyl glucal has been developed. The stereochemistry of the anomeric center derives from either an inner-sphere or outer-sphere pathway. Harder nucleophiles, such as aliphatic alcohols and sodium phenoxides give β-products, and α products result from using softer nucleophiles, such as phenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Xiang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
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10
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Xiang S, Hoang KLM, He J, Tan YJ, Liu XW. Reversing the Stereoselectivity of a Palladium-Catalyzed O-Glycosylation through an Inner-Sphere or Outer-Sphere Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Lindbäck
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S‐221 00 Lund (Sweden)
| | - Sami Dawaigher
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S‐221 00 Lund (Sweden)
| | - Kenneth Wärnmark
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S‐221 00 Lund (Sweden)
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12
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Audran G, Brémond P, Marque SR, Siri D, Santelli M. Calculated linear free energy relationships in the course of the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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DeShong P, E. Nytko F, H. Shukla K. Advances in Siloxane-Based Coupling Reactions: Novel 16-Electron Palladium(0) Tri-alkene Catalysts for Allyl-Aryl Coupling in Precursors to Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-s(s)113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Sha SC, Zhang J, Carroll PJ, Walsh PJ. Raising the pKa limit of "soft" nucleophiles in palladium-catalyzed allylic substitutions: application of diarylmethane pronucleophiles. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17602-9. [PMID: 24147620 DOI: 10.1021/ja409511n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Tsuji-Trost allylic substitution reaction provides a useful and efficient approach to construct C-C bonds between sp(3)-hybridized carbons. The widely accepted paradigm for classifying the mode of attack of nucleophiles on palladium π-allyl intermediates in the Tsuji-Trost reaction is based on the pKa of the pronucleophile: (1) stabilized or "soft" carbon nucleophiles and heteroatom nucleophiles (e.g., pronucleophiles with pKa's < 25), and (2) unstabilized or "hard" nucleophiles (those from pronucleophiles with pKa's > 25). One of the keys to the continuing development of allylic substitution processes remains broadening the scope of "soft" nucleophiles. Herein we report a general method for the room temperature Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution with diarylmethane derivatives (pKa's up to 32). The synthetic significance of the method is that it provides a rapid access to products containing allylated diarylmethyl motifs. The method is general for a wide range of nucleophiles derived from diarylmethanes and heterocyclic derivatives. A procedure for the Pd-catalyzed allylic substitutions to afford diallylation products with quaternary centers is also described. With triarylmethanes and alkylated diarylmethanes the corresponding allylated products are isolated. We anticipate that the described method will be a valuable complement to the existing arsenal of nucleophiles in Pd-catalyzed allylic substitutions. Mechanistic studies show that the nucleophile derived from diphenylmethane undergoes external attack on π-allyl palladium species under our reaction conditions. This unexpected observation indicates that diarylmethane derivatives behave as "soft" or stabilized nucleophiles. The results of this study indicate that the cutoff between "soft" and "hard" nucleophiles should be raised from a pronucleophile pKa of 25 to at least 32.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chun Sha
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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15
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Cheng K, Hu S, Zhao B, Zhang XM, Qi C. Palladium-Catalyzed Hiyama-Type Cross-Coupling Reactions of Arenesulfinates with Organosilanes. J Org Chem 2013; 78:5022-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jo302791q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative
Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Huangma Chemical Industry Group Co. Ltd., Shangyu, Zhejiang
Province 312363, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sai Hu
- College of Materials Science
and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoli Zhao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative
Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian-Man Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative
Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenze Qi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative
Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Cui X, Wang S, Zhang Y, Deng W, Qian Q, Gong H. Nickel-catalyzed reductive allylation of aryl bromides with allylic acetates. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:3094-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40232k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Ocampo RA, Koll LC, Mandolesi SD. Ultrasound promoted Barbier reactions and Csp3-Csp2 Stille coupling for the synthesis of diarylmethanes and substituted benzophenones. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2013; 20:40-6. [PMID: 22841614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Here we present the preparation of a variety of diarylmethanes obtained via ultrasound Stille coupling under palladium catalysis between some substituted aryl compounds and benzyltributyltin compounds generated through sonicated Barbier reaction in a very short time reaction and excellent yield. The study reported below compares different methods to optimize the synthesis of usually unstable benzyltin derivatives and is another contribution to the investigation of Csp(3)-Csp(2) coupling process involving benzyl-aryl reagents. Substituted carboxylated benzophenones were easily prepared in a very good yield by oxidation of some diarylmethanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina A Ocampo
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Química del Sur, INQUISUR, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Avenida Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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18
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Qian B, Shi D, Yang L, Huang H. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of sp3 CH Bonds to Methylenemalononitriles. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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DeShong P, H. Shukla K. Advances in Siloxane-Based Coupling Reactions: Application of Palladium-Mediated Allyl-Aryl Coupling to the Synthesis of Pancratistatin Derivatives. The Formal Total Synthesis of (±)-7-Deoxypancratistatin. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-12-s(n)35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Zhang J, Stanciu C, Wang B, Hussain MM, Da CS, Carroll PJ, Dreher SD, Walsh PJ. Palladium-catalyzed allylic substitution with (η6-arene-CH2Z)Cr(CO)(3)-based nucleophiles. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:20552-60. [PMID: 22047504 DOI: 10.1021/ja208935u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although the palladium-catalyzed Tsuji-Trost allylic substitution reaction has been intensively studied, there is a lack of general methods to employ simple benzylic nucleophiles. Such a method would facilitate access to "α-2-propenyl benzyl" motifs, which are common structural motifs in bioactive compounds and natural products. We report herein the palladium-catalyzed allylation reaction of toluene-derived pronucleophiles activated by tricarbonylchromium. A variety of cyclic and acyclic allylic electrophiles can be employed with in situ generated (η(6)-C(6)H(5)CHLiR)Cr(CO)(3) nucleophiles. Catalyst identification was performed by high throughput experimentation (HTE) and led to the Xantphos/palladium hit, which proved to be a general catalyst for this class of reactions. In addition to η(6)-toluene complexes, benzyl amine and ether derivatives (η(6)-C(6)H(5)CH(2)Z)Cr(CO)(3) (Z = NR(2), OR) are also viable pronucleophiles, allowing C-C bond-formation α to heteroatoms with excellent yields. Finally, a tandem allylic substitution/demetalation procedure is described that affords the corresponding metal-free allylic substitution products. This method will be a valuable complement to the existing arsenal of nucleophiles with applications in allylic substitution reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Zhang
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
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21
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Sore HF, Galloway WRJD, Spring DR. Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling of organosilicon reagents. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 41:1845-66. [PMID: 22048071 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The palladium catalysed cross-coupling of organosilicon reagents with organo halides and pseudo-halides has developed over the past 30 years into an efficient and attractive carbon-carbon bond forming strategy. Extensive research within this field to expand and diversify on the scope of the organosilicon coupling reaction will continue to promote its use in the synthesis of biologically and pharmaceutically important organic molecules. The recent advances made within this area are explored in this critical review (199 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah F Sore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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22
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Cheng K, Wang C, Ding Y, Song Q, Qi C, Zhang XM. Hiyama Cross-Coupling of Arenediazonium Salts under Mild Reaction Conditions. J Org Chem 2011; 76:9261-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201437j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cheng
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
and Department of Chemistry, University of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, People’s Republic of
China
- Zhejiang Huangma Chemical Industry Group Co. Ltd., Shangyu, Zhejiang
Province 312363, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
and Department of Chemistry, University of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Yiyuan Ding
- College of Chemical & Materials Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingbao Song
- College of Chemical & Materials Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenze Qi
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
and Department of Chemistry, University of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Xian-Man Zhang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
and Department of Chemistry, University of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000, People’s Republic of
China
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23
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Yanase T, Mori S, Monguchi Y, Sajiki H. Pd/C-catalyzed and Water-mediated Hiyama Cross-coupling Reaction Using an Electron-deficient Phosphine Ligand. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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24
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Denmark SE, Smith RC, Chang WTT. Probing the Electronic Demands of Transmetalation in the Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Arylsilanolates. Tetrahedron 2011; 67:4391-4396. [PMID: 21731114 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The electronic characteristics of coupling partners in the transmetalation step for the cross-coupling reaction of arylsilanolates have been investigated. The ability to interrogate the transmetalation event by in situ preparation of the arylpalladium(II) silanolate intermediate has enabled a Hammett analysis for both the aryl electrophile and arylsilanolate to be conducted. These studies reveal that electron-donating groups on the silicon nucleophile and electron-withdrawing groups on the electrophile accelerate the transmetalation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Denmark
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
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Herron J, Russo V, Valente E, Ball Z. Catalytic Organocopper Chemistry from Organosiloxane Reagents. Chemistry 2009; 15:8713-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Bäuerlein PS, Fairlamb IJS, Jarvis AG, Lee AF, Müller C, Slattery JM, Thatcher RJ, Vogt D, Whitwood AC. Ion-tagged π-acidic alkene ligands promote Pd-catalysed allyl–aryl couplings in an ionic liquid. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:5734-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b906823f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Trost BM, Thaisrivongs DA. Strategy for Employing Unstabilized Nucleophiles in Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylations. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:14092-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja806781u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry M. Trost
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080
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