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Sawettanai N, Leelayuwapan H, Karoonuthaisiri N, Ruchirawat S, Boonyarattanakalin S. Synthetic Lipomannan Glycan Microarray Reveals the Importance of α(1,2) Mannose Branching in DC-SIGN Binding. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7606-7617. [PMID: 31099561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lipomannan (LM), a glycophospholipid found on the cell surface of mycobacteria, involves the virulence and survival in host cells. However, there is little to no information on how exactly mannan alignment, including the number of mannose units and the branched motif of LM, affects protein engagement during host-pathogen interactions. In this study, we synthesized the exact substructures of the LM glycans that consist of an α(1,6) mannan core, with and without the complete α(1,2) mannose branching, and comparatively studied their protein-carbohydrate interactions. The synthetic LM glycans were equipped with a thiol linker for immobilizations on the surfaces of microarrays. As per our findings, the presence of the branching α(1,2) mannose on the LM glycans increases their binding toward the dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing non-integrin receptor. An increase in the number of mannose units on the glycans also increases the binding with the mannose receptor. Thus, the set of synthetic glycans can serve as a useful tool to study the biological activities of LM and can provide a better understanding of host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithinan Sawettanai
- Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute , Chulabhorn Royal Academy , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
| | - Harin Leelayuwapan
- Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute , Chulabhorn Royal Academy , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
| | - Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri
- Microarray Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) , National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , Pathum Thani 12120 , Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute , Chulabhorn Royal Academy , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , Chulabhorn Research Institute, and Centre of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
| | - Siwarutt Boonyarattanakalin
- School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology , Thammasat University , Pathum Thani 12121 , Thailand
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Leelayuwapan H, Kangwanrangsan N, Chawengkirttikul R, Ponpuak M, Charlermroj R, Boonyarattanakalin K, Ruchirawat S, Boonyarattanakalin S. Synthesis and Immunological Studies of the Lipomannan Backbone Glycans Found on the Surface of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Org Chem 2017; 82:7190-7199. [PMID: 28682637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Investigations into novel bacterial drug targets and vaccines are necessary to overcome tuberculosis. Lipomannan (LM), found on the surface of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is actively involved in the pathogenesis and survival of Mtb. Here, we report for the first time a rapid synthesis and biological activities of an LM glycan backbone, α(1-6)mannans. The rapid synthesis is achieved via a regio- and stereoselective ring opening polymerization to generate multiple glycosidic bonds in one simple chemical step, allowing us to finish assembling the defined polysaccharides of 5-20 units within days rather than years. Within the same pot, the polymerization is terminated by a thiol-linker to serve as a conjugation point to carrier proteins and surfaces for immunological experiments. The synthetic glycans are found to have adjuvant activities in vivo. The interactions with DC-SIGN demonstrated the significance of α(1-6)mannan motif present in LM structure. Moreover, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) showed that longer chain of synthetic α(1-6)mannans gain better lectin's binding affinity. The chemically defined components of the bacterial envelope serve as important tools to reveal the interactions of Mtb with mammalian hosts and facilitate the determination of the immunologically active molecular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harin Leelayuwapan
- Chemical Biology Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT) , Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Niwat Kangwanrangsan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Marisa Ponpuak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University , Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Ratthaphol Charlermroj
- Microarray Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kanokthip Boonyarattanakalin
- College of Nanotechnology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang , Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Chemical Biology Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT) , Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Siwarutt Boonyarattanakalin
- School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University , Pathumthani 12121, Thailand
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Islam M, Shinde GP, Hotha S. Expedient synthesis of the heneicosasaccharyl mannose capped arabinomannan of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cellular envelope by glycosyl carbonate donors. Chem Sci 2017; 8:2033-2038. [PMID: 28451321 PMCID: PMC5398307 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04866h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of tuberculosis is increasing at an alarming rate, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the causative agent for tuberculosis, a disease with high mortality. Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is one of the major components of the Mtb cellular envelope and is an attractive scaffold for developing anti-tubercular drugs, vaccines and diagnostics. Herein, a highly convergent strategy is developed to synthesize heneicosasaccharyl arabinomannan for the first time. The arabinomannan synthesized in this endeavour has several 1,2-trans or α-Araf linkages and three 1,2-cis or β-Araf linkages end capped with 1,2-trans or α-Manp linkages. All the key glycosidations were performed with alkynyl carbonate glycosyl donors under [Au]/[Ag] catalysis conditions, which gave excellent yields and stereoselectivity even for the reactions between complex and branched oligosaccharides. The resultant allyl oligosaccharide was globally deprotected to obtain the heneicosasaccharyl arabinomannan as a propyl glycoside. In summary, heneicosasaccharyl mannose capped arabinomannan synthesis was achieved in 56 steps with 0.016% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Pune - 411 008 , India .
| | - Ganesh P Shinde
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Pune - 411 008 , India .
| | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Pune - 411 008 , India .
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The chemoselective O-glycosylation of alcohols in the presence of a phosphate diester and its application to the synthesis of oligomannosylated phosphatidyl inositols. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hans S, Altiti A, Mootoo DR. Synthesis of the C-glycoside of α-(D)-mannose-(1 → 6)-(D)-myo-inositol. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 11:6952-9. [PMID: 24057020 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41337c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dimannosylatedinositol pseudotrisaccharide phospholipid of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) component of the mycobacterial cell wall has attracted interest as a therapeutic target because of its uniqueness to mycobacteria, its assembly at an early stage in LAM biosynthesis and the immunological activity of oligosaccharides containing this subunit. Accordingly, analogues of this pseudotrisaccharide, α-d-mannose-(1 → 2)-α-d-mannose-(1 → 6)-d-myo-inositol are of interest as mechanistic probes and drug leads. C-glycosides are of special interest because of their hydrolytic stability and conformational differences compared to O-glycosides. Herein, as a prelude to C-glycoside analogues of this pseudotrisaccharide, we describe the synthesis of the C-glycoside of α-d-mannose-(1 → 6)-d-myo-inositol. The synthetic strategy centers on the elaboration of a C1-linked glycal-inositol, the glycone segment of which is assembled via an oxocarbenium ion cyclization on a thioacetal-enol ether precursor that originates from "glycone" and "aglycone" components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunej Hans
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Abstract
An analog of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan (LAM) has been synthesized containing the characteristic structures of all of its three major components; that is, a mannosylated phosphatidylinositol moiety, an oligomannan, and an oligoarabinan. A highly convergent strategy was developed that is applicable to the synthesis of other LAM analogs. The synthetic miniature LAM should be useful for various biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Guochao Liao
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Lizhen Wang
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong
University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong
University, Jinan 250100, China
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Tanaka H, Ohira S, Yamaguchi Y, Takahashi T. Synthesis of a Phosphatidylinositol Dimannoside Using 2-(Azidomethyl)benzoate Mannosyl Donors. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-14-12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gao J, Guo Z. Synthesis of a tristearoyl lipomannan via preactivation-based iterative one-pot glycosylation. J Org Chem 2013; 78:12717-25. [PMID: 24266397 PMCID: PMC3906423 DOI: 10.1021/jo4021979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A convergent and efficient strategy was developed for the synthesis of lipomannan (LM), useful for vaccine development. Thioglycosides were employed as glycosyl donors to construct two key pseudotrisaccharide and tetramannose intermediates through preactivation-based glycosylation strategy. These building blocks were then successfully coupled to form the LM core, which was lapidated, phospholipidated, and finally globally deprotected to afford the target molecule. The intermediate LM core involved in this synthesis contained orthogonal protections, which would facilitate its variable modifications for the preparation of other complex LM derivatives and for the synthesis of LM conjugates as LM-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for 2007-2008. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2012; 31:183-311. [PMID: 21850673 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This review is the fifth update of the original review, published in 1999, on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2008. The first section of the review covers fundamental studies, fragmentation of carbohydrate ions, use of derivatives and new software developments for analysis of carbohydrate spectra. Among newer areas of method development are glycan arrays, MALDI imaging and the use of ion mobility spectrometry. The second section of the review discusses applications of MALDI MS to the analysis of different types of carbohydrate. Specific compound classes that are covered include carbohydrate polymers from plants, N- and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins, biopharmaceuticals, glycated proteins, glycolipids, glycosides and various other natural products. There is a short section on the use of MALDI mass spectrometry for the study of enzymes involved in glycan processing and a section on the use of MALDI MS to monitor products of the chemical synthesis of carbohydrates with emphasis on carbohydrate-protein complexes and glycodendrimers. Corresponding analyses by electrospray ionization now appear to outnumber those performed by MALDI and the amount of literature makes a comprehensive review on this technique impractical. However, most of the work relating to sample preparation and glycan synthesis is equally relevant to electrospray and, consequently, those proposing analyses by electrospray should also find material in this review of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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Hutacharoen P, Ruchirawat S, Boonyarattanakalin S. Biological Activities of Synthetic Oligosaccharides and Glycolipids from Mycobacteria. J Carbohydr Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2011.621041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panatpong Hutacharoen
- a School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology , Thammasat University , Pathum Thani , 12121 , Thailand
- b Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute and the Center of Excellence on Environmental Health, Toxicology and Management of Chemicals , Vibhavadee-Rangsit Highway , Lak Si , Bangkok , 10210 , Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- b Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute and the Center of Excellence on Environmental Health, Toxicology and Management of Chemicals , Vibhavadee-Rangsit Highway , Lak Si , Bangkok , 10210 , Thailand
- c Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute , Vibhavadee-Rangsit Highway , Lak Si , Bangkok , 10210 , Thailand
| | - Siwarutt Boonyarattanakalin
- a School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology , Thammasat University , Pathum Thani , 12121 , Thailand
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Morelli L, Poletti L, Lay L. Carbohydrates and Immunology: Synthetic Oligosaccharide Antigens for Vaccine Formulation. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Morelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, CISI and ISTM‐CNR, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Poletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, CISI and ISTM‐CNR, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Lay
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, CISI and ISTM‐CNR, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Lo Conte M, Marra A, Chambery A, Gurcha SS, Besra GS, Dondoni A. Modular approach to triazole-linked 1,6-α-D-oligomannosides to the discovery of inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall synthetase. J Org Chem 2011; 75:6326-36. [PMID: 20822121 DOI: 10.1021/jo100928g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aiming at developing inhibitors of mannosyltransferases, the enzymes that participate in the biosynthesis of the cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the synthesis of a range of designed triazole-linked 1,6-oligomannosides up to a hexadecamer has been accomplished by a modular approach centered on the Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition as key process. The efficiency and fidelity of the cycloaddition are substantiated by high yields (76-96%) and exclusive formation of the expected 1,4-disubstituted triazole ring in all oligomer assembling reactions. Key features of oligomers thus prepared are the anomeric carbon-carbon bond of all mannoside residues and the 6-deoxymannoside capping residue. Suitable bioassays with dimer, tetramer, hexamer, octamer, decamer, and hexadecamer showed variable inhibitor activity against mycobacterial α-(1,6)-mannosyltransferases, the highest activity (IC(50) = 0.14-0.22 mM) being registered with the hexamannoside and octamannoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Lo Conte
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Organica, Università di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy
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Patil PS, Hung SC. Synthesis of mycobacterial triacylated phosphatidylinositol dimannoside containing an acyl lipid chain at 3-O of inositol. Org Lett 2010; 12:2618-21. [PMID: 20443632 DOI: 10.1021/ol1008137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A seven-step synthesis of triacylated phosphatidylinositol dimannoside is described from myo-inositol 1,3,5-orthoformate. It proceeded in 31% overall yield via a highly regioselective and stereoselective 2,6-di-O-D-mannosylation as the key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap S Patil
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Tam PH, Lowary TL. Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan fragments as haptens for potential anti-tuberculosis vaccines. CARBOHYDRATE CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849730891-00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Hang Tam
- Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alberta Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre Edmonton AB, T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Todd L. Lowary
- Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alberta Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre Edmonton AB, T6G 2G2 Canada
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Dondoni A. Heterocycles in organic synthesis: thiazoles and triazoles as exemplar cases of synthetic auxiliaries. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:3366-85. [PMID: 20505853 DOI: 10.1039/c002586k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This Perspective article illustrates the key role of thiazole and triazole in the work carried out in the author's laboratory over three decades and deals with the synthesis of carbohydrate-based bioactive molecules. The first part reports on the development of synthetic strategies exploiting the use of various thiazole-based reagents and the ready conversion of thiazole into the formyl group. After describing the chain elongation of monosaccharides into higher-carbon homologues, the synthesis of target natural and non-natural carbohydrates, or their ultimate precursors, is presented. These include some sphingoids, neuraminic and destomic acids, lincosamine, various 3-deoxy-2-ulosonic acids (KDO, KDN, iso-Neu4Ac), iminosugars (nojirimycin, mannojirimycin, galactostatin) and homoazasugars. Also prepared were the disaccharide subunit of bleomycin A(2) and the side-chain of taxol and taxotere.((R)) The use of 1,2,3-triazole is discussed in the second part of the paper. The service of this heterocycle that is easily formed by the Cu(i)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is considered in light of its use as a robust linker (a sort of keystone) of complex and diverse molecular architectures. Thus, the assembly of triazole-linked glycosyl amino acids, non-natural nucleotides, 1,6-oligomannosides, sialoside clusters on calixarene platfom via CuAAC is described and the biological relevance of these compounds is discussed in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Dondoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Organica, Università di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
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Cao B, Williams SJ. Chemical approaches for the study of the mycobacterial glycolipids phosphatidylinositol mannosides, lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:919-47. [DOI: 10.1039/c000604a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Morales-Serna JA, Díaz Y, Matheu MI, Castillón S. Efficient Synthesis of β-Glycosphingolipids by Reaction of Stannylceramides with Glycosyl Iodides Promoted by TBAI/AW 300 Molecular Sieves. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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