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Dhara HN, Rakshit A, Alam T, Patel BK. Metal-catalyzed reactions of organic nitriles and boronic acids to access diverse functionality. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4243-4277. [PMID: 35552581 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00288d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nitrile or cyano (-CN) group is one of the most appreciated and effective functional groups in organic synthesis, having a polar unsaturated C-N triple bond. Despite sufficient stability and being intrinsically inert, the nitrile group can be easily transformed into many other functional groups, such as amines, carboxylic acids, ketones, etc. which makes it a vital group in organic synthesis. On the other hand, despite several boronic acids having a low level of genotoxicity, they have found wide applicability in the field of organic synthesis, especially in transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Recently, transition-metal-catalyzed cascade additions or addition/cyclization processes of boronic acids to the nitrile group open up exciting and useful strategies to prepare a variety of functional molecules through the formation of C-C, C-N and CO bonds. Boronic acids can be added to the cyano functionality through catalytic carbometallation or through a radical cascade process to provide newer pathways for the rapid construction of various important acyclic ketones or amides, carbamidines, carbocycles and N,O-heterocycles. The present review focuses on various transition-metal-catalyzed additions of boronic acids via carbometallation or radical cascade processes using the cyano group as an acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirendra Nath Dhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Amitava Rakshit
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Tipu Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Bhisma K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
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2
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An T, Kang B, Kang S, Pac J, Youk J, Lin D, Lee Y. Guanidine cyclic diimides and their polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10222-10225. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04522h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the formation and degradation of a unique guanidine cyclic diimide (GCDI) structure under mild conditions. Furthermore, the GCDI-based polymers can be readily synthesized from guanidine and dianhydride monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyang An
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongwoo Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Pac
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jihea Youk
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dian Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
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Cheng Q, Tu HF, Zheng C, Qu JP, Helmchen G, You SL. Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitution Reactions. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1855-1969. [PMID: 30582688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the origin and advancements of iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reactions during the past two decades. Since the first report in 1997, Ir-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reactions have attracted intense attention due to their exceptionally high regio- and enantioselectivities. Ir-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reactions have been significantly developed in recent years in many respects, including ligand development, mechanistic understanding, substrate scope, and application in the synthesis of complex functional molecules. In this review, an explicit outline of ligands, mechanism, scope of nucleophiles, and applications is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Hang-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Jian-Ping Qu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Günter Helmchen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Ruprecht-Karls , Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
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Tahir S, Badshah A, Hussain RA. Guanidines from ‘toxic substances’ to compounds with multiple biological applications – Detailed outlook on synthetic procedures employed for the synthesis of guanidines. Bioorg Chem 2015; 59:39-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shaw JW, Grayson DH, Rozas I. Synthesis of Guanidines and Some of Their Biological Applications. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2015_174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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de Julián E, Díez J, Lastra E, Gamasa MP. Iridium(I) complexes bearing the ( S , S )- i Pr-pybox ligand in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Al-Shuhaib Z, Böckemeier H, Coghlan L, Dörksen E, Jones IV, Murphy PJ, Nash R, Page JM. Intramolecular palladium mediated π-allyl cyclisation of bis-Cbz- and bis-Boc-protected guanidines. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Li J, Neuville L. Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Three-Component Synthesis of N, N′,N″-Trisubstituted Guanidines. Org Lett 2013; 15:6124-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4029622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Li
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Laboratoire International Associé, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Luc Neuville
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Laboratoire International Associé, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Miyabe H, Asada R, Takemoto Y. Lewis acid-mediated radical cyclization: stereocontrol in cascade radical addition-cyclization-trapping reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3519-30. [PMID: 22434240 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25073j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient approach for achieving radical cyclizations by using hydroxamate ester as a coordination tether with Lewis acid was studied. The chiral Lewis acid-mediated cascade radical addition-cyclization-trapping reaction proceeded smoothly with good enantio- and diastereoselectivities, providing various chiral γ-lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Miyabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Tosatti P, Nelson A, Marsden SP. Recent advances and applications of iridium-catalysed asymmetric allylic substitution. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3147-63. [PMID: 22407450 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob07086c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery in 1997, iridium-catalysed asymmetric allylic substitutions have been developed into a broadly applicable tool for the synthesis of chiral building blocks via C-C and C-heteroatom bond formation. The remarkable generality of these reactions and the high levels of regio- and enantioselectivity that are usually obtained in favour of the branched products have been made possible by a thorough investigation of the catalyst system and its mode of action. Therefore, today the Ir-catalysed asymmetric allylic substitution is a powerful reaction in the organic chemist's repertoire and has been used extensively for several applications. This article aims to provide an overview of the development of iridium catalysts derived from an Ir salt and a chiral phosphoramidite and their application to the enantioselective synthesis of natural products and biologically relevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Tosatti
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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Miyabe H, Moriyama K, Takemoto Y. Regio- and Enantioselective Allylic Substitution with Less Active N- or O-Nucleophiles Catalyzed by Iridium-Complex of Bis(oxazolinyl)pyridine. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2011; 59:714-20. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.59.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Miyabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
- School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences
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13
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2009. Coord Chem Rev 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Berlinck RGS, Burtoloso ACB, Trindade-Silva AE, Romminger S, Morais RP, Bandeira K, Mizuno CM. The chemistry and biology of organic guanidine derivatives. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:1871-907. [DOI: 10.1039/c0np00016g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Thai K, Clement CW, Gravel M. A simple one-pot synthesis of triflyl guanidines: access to highly substituted electron-poor guanidines. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gnamm C, Brödner K, Krauter C, Helmchen G. A Configurational Switch Based on Iridium-Catalyzed Allylic Cyclization: Application in Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Prosopis, Dendrobate, and Spruce Alkaloids. Chemistry 2009; 15:10514-32. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Evans PA, Clizbe EA. Unlocking Ylide Reactivity in the Metal-Catalyzed Allylic Substitution Reaction: Stereospecific Construction of Primary Allylic Amines with Aza-Ylides. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:8722-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9041302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Andrew Evans
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Elizabeth A. Clizbe
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, U.K
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Miyabe H, Matsumura A, Yoshida K, Takemoto Y. Synthesis of chiral oxime ethers based on regio- and enantioselective allylic substitution catalyzed by iridium–pybox complex. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,6-Disubstituted Piperidines Using the Iridium-Catalyzed Allylic Cyclization as Configurational Switch: Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (+)-241 D and Related Piperidine Alkaloids. Chemistry 2009; 15:2050-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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