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Crossley SWM, Tenney L, Pham VN, Xie X, Zhao MW, Chang CJ. A Transfer Hydrogenation Approach to Activity-Based Sensing of Formate in Living Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8865-8876. [PMID: 38470125 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Formate is a major reactive carbon species in one-carbon metabolism, where it serves as an endogenous precursor for amino acid and nucleic acid biosynthesis and a cellular source of NAD(P)H. On the other hand, aberrant elevations in cellular formate are connected to progression of serious diseases, including cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Traditional methods for formate detection in biological environments often rely on sample destruction or extensive processing, resulting in a loss of spatiotemporal information. To help address these limitations, here we present the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a first-generation activity-based sensing system for live-cell formate imaging that relies on iridium-mediated transfer hydrogenation chemistry. Formate facilitates an aldehyde-to-alcohol conversion on various fluorophore scaffolds to enable fluorescence detection of this one-carbon unit, including through a two-color ratiometric response with internal calibration. The resulting two-component probe system can detect changes in formate levels in living cells with a high selectivity over potentially competing biological analytes. Moreover, this activity-based sensing system can visualize changes in endogenous formate fluxes through alterations of one-carbon pathways in cell-based models of human colon cancer, presaging the potential utility of this chemical approach to probe the continuum between one-carbon metabolism and signaling in cancer and other diseases.
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2
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Hecko S, Schiefer A, Badenhorst CPS, Fink MJ, Mihovilovic MD, Bornscheuer UT, Rudroff F. Enlightening the Path to Protein Engineering: Chemoselective Turn-On Probes for High-Throughput Screening of Enzymatic Activity. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2832-2901. [PMID: 36853077 PMCID: PMC10037340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Many successful stories in enzyme engineering are based on the creation of randomized diversity in large mutant libraries, containing millions to billions of enzyme variants. Methods that enabled their evaluation with high throughput are dominated by spectroscopic techniques due to their high speed and sensitivity. A large proportion of studies relies on fluorogenic substrates that mimic the chemical properties of the target or coupled enzymatic assays with an optical read-out that assesses the desired catalytic efficiency indirectly. The most reliable hits, however, are achieved by screening for conversions of the starting material to the desired product. For this purpose, functional group assays offer a general approach to achieve a fast, optical read-out. They use the chemoselectivity, differences in electronic and steric properties of various functional groups, to reduce the number of false-positive results and the analytical noise stemming from enzymatic background activities. This review summarizes the developments and use of functional group probes for chemoselective derivatizations, with a clear focus on screening for enzymatic activity in protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hecko
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, OC-163, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Schiefer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, OC-163, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoffel P S Badenhorst
- Institute of Biochemistry, Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael J Fink
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Marko D Mihovilovic
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, OC-163, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Florian Rudroff
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, OC-163, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
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3
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Shukla P, Deswal D, Pandit M, Latha N, Mahajan D, Srivastava T, Narula AK. Exploration of novel TOSMIC tethered imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compounds for the development of potential antifungal drug candidate. Drug Dev Res 2021; 83:525-543. [PMID: 34569640 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
New candidates of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine were designed by combining 2-amino pyridine, TOSMIC and various assorted aldehydes to explore their antioxidant and antifungal potential. The design of these derivatives was based on utilizing the antifungal potential of azoles and TOSMIC moiety. These derivatives were synthesized by adopting multi-component reaction methodology, as it serves as a rapid and efficient tool to target structurally diverse heterocyclic compounds in quantitative yield. The resulting imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives were structurally verified by 1 HNMR, 13 CNMR, HRMS, and HPLC. The compounds were analyzed for their antioxidant and fluorescent properties and it was observed that compound 15 depicted highest potential. The compounds were evaluated for their antifungal potential to highlight their medical application in the area of Invasive Fungal Infections (IFI). Compound 12 gave the highest antifungal inhibition against Aspergillus fumigatus 3007 and Candida albicans 3018. To elucidate the antifungal mechanism, confocal images of treated fungi were analyzed, which depicted porous nature of fungal membrane. Estimation of fungal membrane sterols by UPLC indicated decrease in ergosterol component of fungal membrane. In silico studies further corroborated with the in vitro results as docking studies depicted interaction of synthesized heterocyclic compounds with amino acids present in the active site of target enzyme (lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase). Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) analysis was indicative of drug-likeliness of the synthesized compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Shukla
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India.,Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEPS), Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India
| | - Deepa Deswal
- Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEPS), Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India
| | - Mansi Pandit
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Narayanan Latha
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Divyank Mahajan
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Tapasya Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Anudeep Kumar Narula
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India.,Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEPS), Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India
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4
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Lim T, Ryoo JY, Jang M, Han MS. Ligand-free Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling with low Pd content: rapid development by a fluorescence-based high-throughput screening method. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1009-1016. [PMID: 33438708 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02359k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Suzuki-Miyaura (SM) cross-coupling is one of the most effective strategies for carbon-carbon bond formation, but previous methods have several drawbacks, such as the requirement of complicated ligands, toxic organic solvents, and high-content-Pd catalysts. Thus, in this study, a highly efficient SM cross-coupling was developed using metal oxide catalysts: 0.02 mol% Pd, aqueous solvent, no ligand, and room temperature. Metal oxides containing low Pd content (ppm scale) were prepared by a simple co-precipitation method and used as a catalyst for the SM reaction. A fluorescence-based high-throughput screening (HTS) method was developed for the rapid evaluation of catalytic activity and reaction conditions. Among the various metal oxides, Pd/Fe2O3 showed the highest activity for the SM reaction. After further optimization by HTS, various biaryl compounds were obtained under optimal conditions: Pd/Fe2O3 (0.02 mol% Pd) in aqueous ethanol at mild temperature without any ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeho Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Yup Ryoo
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mingyeong Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Su Han
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Ottelé J, Hussain AS, Mayer C, Otto S. Chance emergence of catalytic activity and promiscuity in a self-replicator. Nat Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-020-0463-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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6
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Preparation of Metal Oxides Containing ppm Levels of Pd as Catalysts for the Reduction of Nitroarene and Evaluation of Their Catalytic Activity by the Fluorescence-Based High-Throughput Screening Method. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10050542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, an easily accessible and efficient green method for the reduction of nitroarene compounds was developed using metal oxide catalysts. Heterogeneous metal oxides with or without Pd were prepared by a simple and scalable co-precipitation method and used for the reduction of nitroarenes. A fluorescence-based high-throughput screening (HTS) method was also developed for the rapid analysis of the reaction conditions. The catalytic activity of the metal oxides and reaction conditions were rapidly screened by the fluorescence-based HTS method, and Pd/CuO showed the highest catalytic activity under mild reaction conditions. After identifying the optimal reaction conditions, various nitroarenes were reduced to the corresponding aniline derivatives by Pd/CuO (0.005 mol% of Pd) under these conditions. Furthermore, the Pd/CuO catalyst was used for the one-pot Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling/reduction reaction. A gram-scale reaction (20 mmol) was successfully performed using the present method, and Pd/CuO showed high reusability without a loss of catalytic activity for five cycles.
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Noh H, Lim T, Park BY, Han MS. A Fluorescence-Based High-Throughput Screening Method for Olefin Metathesis Using a Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe. Org Lett 2020; 22:1703-1708. [PMID: 31855442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
(Z)-1,8-Di(pyren-1-yl)oct-4-ene (1) was prepared as a probe for olefin metathesis. The conversions of substrate by olefin metathesis under various conditions were calculated using the ratiometric fluorescence intensity change of 1. The conversions calculated by 1 and gas chromatography were consistent. These results show that conversions of olefin metathesis can be simply obtained from the fluorescence change of 1 and this method can be applied to the high-throughput screening (HTS) method for various olefin metathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongju Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Yong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Su Han
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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8
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Bautista-Gomez J, Usman A, Zhang M, Rafferty RJ, Bossmann SH, Hohn KL, Higgins DA. Fluorescence spectroscopy studies of crossed aldol reactions: a reactive Nile red dye reveals catalyst-dependent product formation. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00806k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly fluorescent, aldol-reactive derivative of the dye Nile red is synthesized and evaluated as an in situ probe of crossed aldol reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdulhafiz Usman
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
| | | | | | - Keith L. Hohn
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
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9
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Herrera BT, Moor SR, McVeigh M, Roesner EK, Marini F, Anslyn EV. Rapid Optical Determination of Enantiomeric Excess, Diastereomeric Excess, and Total Concentration Using Dynamic-Covalent Assemblies: A Demonstration Using 2-Aminocyclohexanol and Chemometrics. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:11151-11160. [PMID: 31251589 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Optical analysis of reaction parameters such as enantiomeric excess (ee), diastereomeric excess (de), and yield are becoming increasingly useful as assays for differing functional groups become available. These assays typically exploit reversible covalent or noncovalent assemblies that impart optical signals, commonly circular dichroism (CD), that are indicative of the stereochemistry and ee at a stereocenter proximal to the functional group of interest. Very few assays have been reported that determine ee and de when two stereocenters are present, and none have targeted two different functional groups that are vicinal and lack chromophores entirely. Using a CD assay that targets chiral secondary alcohols, a separate CD assay for chiral primary amines, a UV-vis assay for de, and a fluorescence assay for concentration, we demonstrate a work-flow for speciation of the enantiomers and diastereomers of 2-aminocyclohexanol as a test-bed analyte. Because of the fact the functional groups are vicinal, we found that the ee determination at the two stereocenters is influenced by the adjacent center, and this led us to implement a chemometric patterning approach, resulting in a 4% absolute error in full speciation of the four stereoisomers. The procedure presented herein would allow for the total speciation of around 96 reactions in 27 min using a high-throughput experimentation routine. While 2-aminocyclohexanol is used to demonstrate the methods, the general workflow should be amenable to analysis of other stereoisomers when two stereocenters are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenden T Herrera
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Sarah R Moor
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Matthew McVeigh
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Emily K Roesner
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Federico Marini
- Department of Chemistry , University of Rome "La Sapienza" , P.le Aldo Moro 5 , Rome I-00185 , Italy
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
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10
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Fluorometric analysis of borohydrides based on reductive aldehyde-to-alcohol conversion of arylaldehydes. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Herrera BT, Pilicer SL, Anslyn EV, Joyce LA, Wolf C. Optical Analysis of Reaction Yield and Enantiomeric Excess: A New Paradigm Ready for Prime Time. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10385-10401. [PMID: 30059621 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This Perspective highlights the advances of optical methods for asymmetric reaction discovery. Optical analysis allows for the determination of absolute configuration, enantiomeric excess and reaction yield that is amenable to high-throughput experimentation. Thus, the synthetic organic community is encouraged to incorporate the methods discussed to expedite the development of high-yielding, enantioselective transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenden T Herrera
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Samantha L Pilicer
- Department of Chemistry , Georgetown University , Washington, D.C. 20057 , United States
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Leo A Joyce
- Department of Process Research & Development , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , United States
| | - Christian Wolf
- Department of Chemistry , Georgetown University , Washington, D.C. 20057 , United States
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12
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Greene LE, Lincoln R, Krumova K, Cosa G. Development of a Fluorogenic Reactivity Palette for the Study of Nucleophilic Addition Reactions Based on meso-Formyl BODIPY Dyes. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8618-8624. [PMID: 31457394 PMCID: PMC6645663 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We describe herein a fluorescence-based assay to characterize and report on nucleophilic addition to carbonyl moieties and highlight the advantages a fluorescence-based assay and multiplex analysis can offer. The assay relies on the fluorogenic properties of meso-formyl boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes that become emissive following nucleophilic addition. A reactivity palette is assembled based on the increasing electrophilic character of five meso-formyl BODIPY compounds tested. We show that increasing rates of emission enhancement correlate with the decreasing electrophilic character of BODIPY dyes in the presence of an acid catalyst and a nucleophile. These results are consistent with the rate-limiting step involving activation of the electrophile. Increasing product formation is shown to correlate with the increasing electrophilic character of the BODIPY dyes, as expected based on thermodynamics. In addition to providing rates of reaction, analysis of the fluorescence parameters for the reaction mixtures, including emission quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes, enables us to determine the extent of reactant conversion at equilibrium (in our case the estimated yield of a transient species) and the presence of different products, without the need for isolation. We anticipate that our reactivity palette approach, combined with the in-depth fluorescence analysis discussed herein, will provide guidelines toward developing fluorogenic assays of reactivity offering multiplex information, beyond fluorescence intensity.
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13
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Bose S, Ngo AH, Do LH. Intracellular Transfer Hydrogenation Mediated by Unprotected Organoiridium Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:8792-8795. [PMID: 28613857 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we show for the first time that the conversion of aldehydes to alcohols can be achieved using "unprotected" iridium transfer hydrogenation catalysts inside living cells. The reactions were observed in real time by confocal fluorescence microscopy using a Bodipy fluorogenic substrate. We propose that the reduced cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is a possible hydride source inside the cell based on studies using pyruvate as a cellular redox modulator. We expect that this biocompatible reductive chemistry will be broadly useful to practitioners working at the interface of chemistry and the life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Bose
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston , Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Anh H Ngo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston , Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Loi H Do
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston , Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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14
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Roldán R, Sanchez-Moreno I, Scheidt T, Hélaine V, Lemaire M, Parella T, Clapés P, Fessner WD, Guérard-Hélaine C. Breaking the Dogma of Aldolase Specificity: Simple Aliphatic Ketones and Aldehydes are Nucleophiles for Fructose-6-phosphate Aldolase. Chemistry 2017; 23:5005-5009. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Roldán
- Departamento de Química Biológica y Modelización Molecular; Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña IQAC-CSIC; Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Israel Sanchez-Moreno
- Université Clermont Auvergne; CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand; 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Thomas Scheidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Virgil Hélaine
- Université Clermont Auvergne; CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand; 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Marielle Lemaire
- Université Clermont Auvergne; CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand; 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de Ressonancia Magnetica Nuclear; Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra Spain
| | - Pere Clapés
- Departamento de Química Biológica y Modelización Molecular; Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña IQAC-CSIC; Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Wolf-Dieter Fessner
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Christine Guérard-Hélaine
- Université Clermont Auvergne; CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand; 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
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15
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Fei H, Xu G, Wu JP, Yang LR. An improved flurogenic probe for high-throughput screening of 2-deoxyribose aldolases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 460:826-30. [PMID: 25824041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
2-Deoxyribose aldolase-catalyzed C-C bond-forming reactions have become 1 more and more important in synthesis of statins and other drug intermediates. Many methods have focused on improving the aldolase properties and harvesting new aldolases, but a good outcome depends on the efficiency of the high-throughput screening system. We have developed a visible green fluorescence probe based on a coumarin derivative, which can be reversibly modulated by a retro-aldol reaction catalyzed by 2-deoxyribose aldolase for selecting aldolase mutants with high activity. This assay system provides a convenient and effective way for high-throughput screening aldolases as the green fluorescence is sensitively detected and daylight-viewable without the need for specialist equipment. We used our probe to successfully harvest aldolase mutants with higher activities than the parent from a random mutagenesis library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fei
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ping Wu
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Li-Rong Yang
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, China
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16
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Fluorogenic aldehydes bearing arylethynyl groups: turn-on aldol reaction sensors for evaluation of organocatalysis in DMSO. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Katsuyama I, Chouthaiwale PV, Akama H, Cui HL, Tanaka F. Fluorogenic probes for aldol reactions: tuning of fluorescence using π-conjugation systems. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.10.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Fluorogenic probes for chemical transformations: 9-anthracene derivatives for monitoring reaction progress by an increase in fluorescence. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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19
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Katsuyama I, Chouthaiwale PV, Cui HL, Ito Y, Sando A, Tokiwa H, Tanaka F. Substituent-dependent reactivity in aldehyde transformations: 4-(phenylethynyl)benzaldehydes versus simple benzaldehydes. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Olson JP, Kwon HB, Takasaki KT, Chiu CQ, Higley MJ, Sabatini BL, Ellis-Davies GCR. Optically selective two-photon uncaging of glutamate at 900 nm. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:5954-7. [PMID: 23577752 DOI: 10.1021/ja4019379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We have synthesized a 7-diethylaminocoumarin (DEAC) derivative that allows wavelength-selective two-photon uncaging at 900 nm versus 720 nm. This new caging chromophore, called DEAC450, has an extended π-electron moiety at the 3-position that shifts the absorption spectrum maximum of DEAC from 375 to 450 nm. Two-photon excitation at 900 nm was more than 60-fold greater than at 720 nm. Two-photon uncaging of DEAC450-Glu at 900 nm at spine heads on pyramidal neurons in acutely isolated brain slices generated postsynaptic responses that were similar to spontaneous postsynaptic excitatory miniature currents, whereas significantly higher energies at 720 nm evoked no currents. Since many nitroaromatic caged compounds are two-photon active at 720 nm, optically selective uncaging of DEAC450-caged biomolecules at 900 nm may allow facile two-color optical interrogation of bimodal signaling pathways in living tissue with high resolution for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy P Olson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
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21
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Triphenylamine-based linear conjugated polyfluorenes with various pendant groups: Synthesis, characterization, and ion responsive properties. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Huynh TH, Abrahamsen B, Madsen KK, Gonzalez-Franquesa A, Jensen AA, Bunch L. Design, synthesis and pharmacological characterization of coumarin-based fluorescent analogs of excitatory amino acid transporter subtype 1 selective inhibitors, UCPH-101 and UCPH-102. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:6831-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Matsumoto T, Urano Y, Takahashi Y, Mori Y, Terai T, Nagano T. In situ evaluation of kinetic resolution catalysts for nitroaldol by rationally designed fluorescence probe. J Org Chem 2011; 76:3616-25. [PMID: 21370849 DOI: 10.1021/jo1020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Development of effective chemical catalysts is a key concern in organic chemistry. Therefore, convenient screening systems for chemical catalysts are required, and although some fluorescence-based HTS systems have been developed, little attempt has been made to apply them to asymmetric catalysts. Therefore, we tried to develop a chiral fluorescence probe which can evaluate the reactivity and enantioselectivity of asymmetric catalysts. We focused on kinetic resolution catalysts as a target of our novel fluorescence probe, employing β-elimination following acylation of nitroaldol. Once the hydroxyl group of nitroaldol is acylated, β-elimination occurs immediately, affording nitro olefin. Therefore, we designed and synthesized a fluorescence probe with an asymmetric nitroaldol moiety. Its fluorescence intensity decreases dramatically upon β-elimination, so the fluorescence decrease is an indicator of the reaction yield. Thus, the enantioselectivity of kinetic resolution catalysts can be assessed simply by measuring the fluorescence intensities of the reaction mixtures of the two enantiomers; it is not necessary to purify the product. This fluorescence probe revealed that benzotetramisole is a superior catalyst for kinetic resolution of nitroaldol. Furthermore, we established an HTS system for asymmetric catalysts, using a fluorescence probe and benzotetramisole. To our knowledge, this is the first fluorescence-based HTS system for asymmetric catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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24
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25
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Xia B, Gerard B, Solano DM, Wan J, Jones G, Porco JA. ESIPT-mediated photocycloadditions of 3-hydroxyquinolinones: development of a fluorescence quenching assay for reaction screening. Org Lett 2011; 13:1346-9. [PMID: 21338078 DOI: 10.1021/ol200032f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Irradiation of 1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxyquinolinone (DMQ) leads to excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) generating a 3-oxidoquinolinium species which undergoes [3 + 2] photocycloaddition with dipolarophiles. A parallel, fluorescence quenching assay using a microplate format has been developed to evaluate fluorescence quenching of this species with a range of dipolarophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Photonics Center, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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26
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Monfette S, Blacquiere JM, Fogg DE. The Future, Faster: Roles for High-Throughput Experimentation in Accelerating Discovery in Organometallic Chemistry and Catalysis. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om1010319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Monfette
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Johanna M. Blacquiere
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
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Sutharsan J, Lichlyter D, Wright NE, Dakanali M, Haidekker MA, Theodorakis EA. Molecular rotors: Synthesis and evaluation as viscosity sensors. Tetrahedron 2010; 66:2582-2588. [PMID: 20694175 PMCID: PMC2915462 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.01.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that compounds containing the p-N,N,-dialkylaminobenzylidene cyanoacetate motif can serve as fluorescent non-mechanical viscosity sensors. These compounds, referred to as molecular rotors, belong to a class of fluorescent probes that are known to form twisted intramolecular charge-transfer complexes in the excited state. In this study we present the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of these compounds as viscosity sensors. The effects of the molecular structure and electronic density of these rotors to the emission wavelength, fluorescence intensity and viscosity sensitivity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyanthy Sutharsan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA
| | - Darcy Lichlyter
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Nathan E. Wright
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA
| | - Marianna Dakanali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA
| | - Mark A. Haidekker
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Emmanuel A. Theodorakis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA
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28
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Sutharsan J, Dakanali M, Capule CC, Haidekker MA, Yang J, Theodorakis EA. Rational design of amyloid binding agents based on the molecular rotor motif. ChemMedChem 2010; 5:56-60. [PMID: 20024978 PMCID: PMC2837554 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive function and constitutes the most common and fatal neurodegenerative disorder.[1 ] Genetic and clinical evidence supports the hypothesis that accumulation of amyloid deposits in the brain plays an important role in the pathology of the disease. This event is associated with perturbations of biological functions in the surrounding tissue leading to neuronal cell death, thus contributing to the disease process. The deposits are comprised primarily of amyloid (Aβ) peptides, a 39–43 amino acid sequence that self aggregates into a fibrillar β-pleated sheet motif. While the exact three-dimensional structure of the aggregated Aβ peptides is not known, a model structure that sustains the property of aggregation has been proposed.[2 ] This creates opportunities for in vivo imaging of amyloid deposits that can not only help evaluate the time course and evolution of the disease, but can also allow the timely monitoring of therapeutic treatments.[3 ]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyanthy Sutharsan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-822-0386 (ET), Fax: (+1) 858-534-4554 (JY)
| | - Marianna Dakanali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-822-0386 (ET), Fax: (+1) 858-534-4554 (JY)
| | - Christina C. Capule
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-822-0386 (ET), Fax: (+1) 858-534-4554 (JY)
| | - Mark A. Haidekker
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 (USA)
| | - Jerry Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-822-0386 (ET), Fax: (+1) 858-534-4554 (JY)
| | - Emmanuel A. Theodorakis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-822-0386 (ET), Fax: (+1) 858-534-4554 (JY)
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