1
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Yan X, Zhang Q, Zheng J, Li WDZ. Reductive Oxy-Nazarov Cyclization toward Expedient Construction of a Cyclopenta[1,2- b]pyrrolo[1,2- a]azepine Ring System: Formal Total Syntheses of Stemonamine and Cephalotaxine. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5164-5169. [PMID: 38536410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Formal total syntheses of stemonamine and cephalotaxine bearing the core cyclopenta[1,2-b]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine ring skeleton were achieved. The general synthetic strategy in the synthesis features the reductive oxy-Nazarov cyclization as key step, leading to the versatile construction of N-substituted spiro quaternary stereogenic centers from readily available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifei Yan
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Minister of Education, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Minister of Education, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Minister of Education, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Z Li
- School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Minister of Education, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P. R. China
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2
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Kosteczka GL, Soek RN, Richter WE, Campos RB. Substituent effects on intramolecular Schmidt reactions: a theoretical study on the formation of bridged lactams. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:4114-4122. [PMID: 37129005 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00532a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The competitive formation of isomeric bridged lactams via acid-catalyzed intramolecular Schmidt reactions from 3-azidoethylcyclopentanones is explored using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, primarily performed at the M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. The results indicate that specific substituents installed at α-carbons can efficiently control the regioselectivity of the reaction by lone pair-cation interactions or steric hindrance reversing the main product preference, whereas cation-π interactions are not so effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme L Kosteczka
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado, 5000, 81280-340, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Rafael N Soek
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado, 5000, 81280-340, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Wagner E Richter
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado, 5000, 81280-340, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Renan B Campos
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado, 5000, 81280-340, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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3
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Olivier WJ, Henneveld JS, Smith JA, Hawkins BC, Bissember AC. Strategies for the synthesis of Stemona alkaloids: an update. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:2308-2335. [PMID: 36218078 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00058j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2009 to 2022The Stemona alkaloids, which are found in plant species from the family Stemonaceae, represent a tremendously large and structurally-diverse family of natural products. This review presents and discusses a selection of case studies, grouped by alkaloid class, that showcase the key strategies and overall progress that has been made in the synthesis of Stemona alkaloids and related compounds since 2009. Structural reassignments that have been reported over this period are also identified where necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley J Olivier
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
| | - Jackson S Henneveld
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Jason A Smith
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
| | - Bill C Hawkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Alex C Bissember
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
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4
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Ma KL, Dong SH, Li HY, Wei WJ, Tu YQ, Gao K. Cytochalasins from Xylaria sp. CFL5, an Endophytic Fungus of Cephalotaxus fortunei. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:87-98. [PMID: 33146865 PMCID: PMC7933320 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-020-00279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Three previously undescribed cytochalasins, named xylariasins A‒C (1‒3), together with six known ones (4‒9) were isolated from Xylaria sp. CFL5, an endophytic fungus of Cephalotaxus fortunei. The chemical structures of all new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data analyses and electronic circular dichroism calculation, as well as optical rotation calculation. Biological activities of compounds 1, 4‒9 were evaluated, including cytotoxic, LAG3/MHC II binding inhibition and LAG3/FGL1 binding inhibition activities. Compounds 6 and 9 possessed cytotoxicity against AGS cells at 5 μM, with inhibition rates of 94% and 64%, respectively. In addition, all tested isolates, except compound 6, exhibited obvious inhibitory activity against the interaction of both LAG3/MHC II and LAG3/FGL1. Compounds 1, 5, 7, and 8 inhibited LAG3/MHC II with IC50 values ranging from 2.37 to 4.74 μM. Meanwhile, the IC50 values of compounds 1, 7, and 8 against LAG3/FGL1 were 11.78, 4.39, and 7.45 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Wu W, Han Y, Sun J, Yan C. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spiro[indoline‐3,7′‐pyrrolo[1,2‐
a
]azepines] via Sequential [3+2] Cycloaddition and Ring Expansion Reaction. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Tao Wu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Ying Han
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Chao‐Guo Yan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 China
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6
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Shindo M, Iwata T. Synthesis, Stereochemical Stability, and Biological Activity of Stemonamine and Its Related Stemona Alkaloids. HETEROCYCLES 2019. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-19-902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Fujita S, Nishikawa K, Iwata T, Tomiyama T, Ikenaga H, Matsumoto K, Shindo M. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (−)-Stemonamine and Its Stereochemical Stability. Chemistry 2018; 24:1539-1543. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Fujita
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences; Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen; Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Keisuke Nishikawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen; Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Takayuki Iwata
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen; Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Taishi Tomiyama
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences; Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen; Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikenaga
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences; Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen; Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen; Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shindo
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen; Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
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8
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Shindo M, Iwata T, Tomiyama T, Fujita S. First Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (-)-Isostemonamine and Kinetic Analysis of Its Isomerizations. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-s(t)71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Pérard-Viret J, Quteishat L, Alsalim R, Royer J, Dumas F. Cephalotaxus Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2017; 78:205-352. [PMID: 28838429 PMCID: PMC7110560 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cephalotaxus alkaloids represent a family of plant secondary metabolites known for 60 years. Significant activity against leukemia in mice was demonstrated for extracts of Cephalotaxus. Cephalotaxine (CET) (1), the major alkaloid of this series was isolated from Cephalotaxus drupacea species by Paudler in 1963. The subsequent discovery of promising antitumor activity among new Cephalotaxus derivatives reported by Chinese, Japanese, and American teams triggered extensive structure elucidation and biological studies in this family. The structural feature of this cephalotaxane family relies mainly on its tetracyclic alkaloid backbone, which comprises an azaspiranic 1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane unit (rings C and D) and a benzazepine ring system (rings A and B), which is linked by its C3 alcohol function to a chiral oxygenated side chain by a carboxylic function alpha to a tetrasubstituted carbon center. The botanical distribution of these alkaloids is limited to the Cephalotaxus genus (Cephalotaxaceae). The scope of biological activities of the Cephalotaxus alkaloids is mainly centered on the antileukemic activity of homoharringtonine (HHT) (2), which in particular demonstrated marked benefits in the treatment of orphan myeloid leukemia and was approved as soon as 2009 by European Medicine Agency and by US Food and Drug Administration in 2012. Its exact mechanism of action was partly elucidated and it was early recognized that HHT (2) inhibited protein synthesis at the level of the ribosome machinery. Interestingly, after a latency period of two decades, the topic of Cephalotaxus alkaloids reemerged as a prolific source of new natural structures. To date, more than 70 compounds have been identified and characterized. Synthetic studies also regained attention during the past two decades, and numerous methodologies were developed to access the first semisynthetic HHT (2) of high purity suitable for clinical studies, and then high grade enantiomerically pure CET (1), HHT (2), and analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Pérard-Viret
- Université Paris Descartes, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laith Quteishat
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Rana Alsalim
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jacques Royer
- Université Paris Descartes, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Dumas
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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10
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Hager A, Vrielink N, Hager D, Lefranc J, Trauner D. Synthetic approaches towards alkaloids bearing α-tertiary amines. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 33:491-522. [PMID: 26621771 DOI: 10.1039/c5np00096c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alkaloids account for some of the most beautiful and biologically active natural products. Although they are usually classified along biosynthetic criteria, they can also be categorized according to certain structural motifs. Amongst these, the α-tertiary amine (ATA), i.e. a tetrasubstituted carbon atom surrounded by three carbons and one nitrogen, is particularly interesting. A limited number of methods have been described to access this functional group and fewer still are commonly used in synthesis. Herein, we review some approaches to asymmetrically access ATAs and provide an overview of alkaloid total syntheses where those have been employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Hager
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, Butenandtstr. 5 - 13, 81377 München, Germany.
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11
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Tian JM, Yuan YH, Tu YQ, Zhang FM, Zhang XB, Zhang SH, Wang SH, Zhang XM. The design of a spiro-pyrrolidine organocatalyst and its application to catalytic asymmetric Michael addition for the construction of all-carbon quaternary centers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9979-82. [PMID: 25998622 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02765a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel chiral spiro-pyrrolidine silyl ether organocatalyst has been designed. Its catalytic asymmetric effect is demonstrated by the Michael addition reaction, which affords the desired products with an all-carbon quaternary center in up to 99% ee and 87% yield. Furthermore, the reaction process has been investigated via in situ NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Miao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.
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12
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Abstract
Stemona alkaloids, featuring polycyclic structures and interesting bioactivities, constitute a distinct class from the Stemonaceae family. In this review, recent advances in the synthesis of these unique alkaloids are briefly discussed, highlighting the application of novel synthetic strategies to access the core structures, as well as creative solutions to the installation of multiple stereogenic centers. The literature reviewed in this article covers the publications from 2010 to November 2014, a period that witnessed the prosperity of the synthesis of Stemona alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University No. 17, Duan 3, Remin Nan Road, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University No. 17, Duan 3, Remin Nan Road, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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13
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Kim C, Kang S, Rhee YH. Synthesis of the Tricyclic Core in Stemonamine Alkaloids via One-Pot Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization and Schmidt Rearrangement: Formal Synthesis of (±)-Stemonamine. J Org Chem 2014; 79:11119-24. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502103p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheoljae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro,
Nam-Gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea, 790-784
| | - Soyeong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro,
Nam-Gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea, 790-784
| | - Young Ho Rhee
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro,
Nam-Gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea, 790-784
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14
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Motiwala HF, Fehl C, Li SW, Hirt E, Porubsky P, Aubé J. Overcoming product inhibition in catalysis of the intramolecular Schmidt reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9000-9. [PMID: 23687993 DOI: 10.1021/ja402848c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A method for carrying out the intramolecular Schmidt reaction of alkyl azides and ketones using a substoichiometric amount of catalyst is reported. Following extensive screening, the use of the strong hydrogen-bond-donating solvent hexafluoro-2-propanol was found to be consistent with low catalyst loadings, which ranged from 2.5 mol % for favorable substrates to 25 mol % for more difficult cases. Reaction optimization, broad substrate scope, and preliminary mechanistic studies of this improved version of the reaction are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim F Motiwala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, 2034 Becker Drive, West Campus, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, USA
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15
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Winter B, Chapuis C, Brauchli R, de Saint Laumer JY. Further Explorations into the Synthesis of Dehydro-Hedione®. Helv Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201200440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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17
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Chen ZH, Tian JM, Chen ZM, Tu YQ. Total Synthesis of (±)-Parvineostemonine. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:2199-202. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Ma AJ, Tu YQ, Peng JB, Dou QY, Hou SH, Zhang FM, Wang SH. Total Synthesis of (−)-FR901483. Org Lett 2012; 14:3604-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol301331t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Bao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Yun Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Si-Hua Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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19
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Zhang QW, Xiang K, Tu YQ, Zhang SY, Zhang XM, Zhao YM, Zhang TC. Formal synthesis of (-)-cephalotaxine based on a tandem hydroamination/semipinacol rearrangement reaction. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:894-8. [PMID: 22383373 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201101029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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20
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Totobenazara J, Haroun H, Rémond J, Adil K, Dénès F, Lebreton J, Gaulon-Nourry C, Gosselin P. Tandem Payne/Meinwald versus Meinwald rearrangements on the α-hydroxy- or α-silyloxy-spiro epoxide skeleton. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:502-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06776a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Abdelkafi H, Nay B. Natural products from Cephalotaxus sp.: chemical diversity and synthetic aspects. Nat Prod Rep 2012; 29:845-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c2np20037f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Chen ZH, Chen ZM, Zhang YQ, Tu YQ, Zhang FM. Total Synthesis of (±)-Maistemonine, (±)-Stemonamide, and (±)-Isomaistemonine. J Org Chem 2011; 76:10173-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202042x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and
Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and
Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and
Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and
Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and
Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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23
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Tuo SC, Ye JL, Wang AE, Huang SY, Huang PQ. Concise Asymmetric Total Synthesis of 9-epi-Sessilifoliamide J. Org Lett 2011; 13:5270-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol202140y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Chuan Tuo
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Liang Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Ai-E Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Su-Yu Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Qiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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24
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Song ZL, Fan CA, Tu YQ. Semipinacol Rearrangement in Natural Product Synthesis. Chem Rev 2011; 111:7523-56. [PMID: 21851053 DOI: 10.1021/cr200055g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Lei Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting of Education Ministry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chun-An Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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Li WDZ, Duo WG, Zhuang CH. Concise Total Synthesis of (±)-Cephalotaxine via a Transannulation Strategy: Development of a Facile Reductive oxy-Nazarov Cyclization. Org Lett 2011; 13:3538-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ol201390r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Dong Z. Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Guo Duo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Han Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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26
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Yang M, Zhao YM, Zhang SY, Tu YQ, Zhang FM. Chiral Brønsted Acid-Promoted Enantioselective Desymmetrization in an Intramolecular Schmidt Reaction of Symmetric Azido 1,3-Hexanediones: Asymmetric Synthesis of Azaquaternary Pyrroloazepine Skeletons. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1344-7. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Chen ZH, Tu YQ, Zhang SY, Zhang FM. Development of the Intramolecular Prins Cyclization/Schmidt Reaction for the Construction of the Azaspiro[4,4]nonane: Application to the Formal Synthesis of (±)-Stemonamine. Org Lett 2011; 13:724-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol102955e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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28
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Chen ZH, Zhang YQ, Chen ZM, Tu YQ, Zhang FM. Total synthesis of (±)-maistemonine and (±)-stemonamide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:1836-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc02612c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Smith JA, Molesworth PP, Hyland CJ, Ryan JH. Seven-Membered Rings. PROGRESS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(11)22016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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30
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Szostak M, Yao L, Aubé J. Synthesis of medium-bridged twisted lactams via cation-pi control of the regiochemistry of the intramolecular Schmidt reaction. J Org Chem 2010; 75:1235-43. [PMID: 20095596 DOI: 10.1021/jo902574m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Medium-bridged twisted amides can be synthesized by the intramolecular Schmidt reaction of 2-azidoalkyl ketones. In these reactions, the regiochemistry of the Schmidt reaction is diverted into a typically disfavored pathway by the presence of an aromatic group at the alpha-position adjacent to the ketone, which stabilizes the predominantly reactive conformation of the azidohydrin intermediate by engaging in a nonbonded cation-pi interaction with the positively charged diazonium cation. This results in the rarely observed rearrangement of the C-C bond distal to the azidoalkyl chain. This reaction pathway also requires the azide-containing tether to be situated in the axial orientation in the key azidohydrin intermediate. Examination of the effect of substitution of aromatic rings on the regiochemistry of the Schmidt reaction shows an increase in the migratory selectivity with more electron-rich aromatic groups. The selectivity is lower when an electron-withdrawing substituent is placed on the aromatic ring. The ability of cation-pi interactions to act as a controlling element decreases when Lewis acids coordinate to substituents on the aromatic ring. The developed version of the Schmidt reaction provides a direct access to a family of medium-bridged twisted amides with a [4.3.1] bicyclic system, compounds which are very difficult to access with use of other currently available methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Szostak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott Hall, Room 4070, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7852, USA
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31
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Pilli RA, Rosso GB, de Oliveira MDCF. The chemistry of Stemona alkaloids: An update. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:1908-37. [DOI: 10.1039/c005018k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Szostak M, Yao L, Aubé J. Cation-n control of regiochemistry of intramolecular Schmidt reactions en route to bridged bicyclic lactams. Org Lett 2009; 11:4386-9. [PMID: 19722508 DOI: 10.1021/ol901771b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The regiochemistry of the intramolecular Schmidt reaction of 2-azidoalkylketones is controlled by placing a thioether substituent at the position adjacent to the ketone to provide access to a family of unsubstituted medium bridged twisted amides. This outcome is ascribed to the presence of stabilizing through-space interactions between the diazonium cation and the n electrons on heteroatom and does not require a locked conformation of the ketone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Szostak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott Hall, Room 4070, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7852, USA
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