1
|
Studzińska R, Kupczyk D, Płaziński W, Baumgart S, Bilski R, Paprocka R, Kołodziejska R. Novel 2-(Adamantan-1-ylamino)Thiazol-4(5 H)-One Derivatives and Their Inhibitory Activity towards 11β-HSD1-Synthesis, Molecular Docking and In Vitro Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168609. [PMID: 34445315 PMCID: PMC8395285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A common mechanism in which glucocorticoids participate is suggested in the pathogenesis of such metabolic diseases as obesity, metabolic syndrome, or Cushing’s syndrome. The enzyme involved in the control of the availability of cortisol, the active form of the glucocorticoid for the glucocorticoid receptor, is 11β-HSD1. Inhibition of 11β-HSD1 activity may bring beneficial results for the alleviation of the course of metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, Cushing’s syndrome or type 2 diabetes. In this work, we obtained 10 novel 2-(adamantan-1-ylamino)thiazol-4(5H)-one derivatives containing different substituents at C-5 of thiazole ring and tested their activity towards inhibition of two 11β-HSD isoforms. For most of them, over 50% inhibition of 11β-HSD1 and less than 45% inhibition of 11β-HSD2 activity at the concentration of 10 µM was observed. The binding energies found during docking simulations for 11β-HSD1 correctly reproduced the experimental IC50 values for analyzed compounds. The most active compound 2-(adamantan-1-ylamino)-1-thia-3-azaspiro[4.5]dec-2-en-4-one (3i) inhibits the activity of isoform 1 by 82.82%. This value is comparable to the known inhibitor-carbenoxolone. The IC50 value is twice the value determined by us for carbenoxolone, however inhibition of the enzyme isoform 2 to a lesser extent makes it an excellent material for further tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Studzińska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 2 Jurasza Str., 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (S.B.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Daria Kupczyk
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza Str., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (D.K.); (R.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Wojciech Płaziński
- J. Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 8 Niezapominajek Str., 30-239 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Szymon Baumgart
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 2 Jurasza Str., 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (S.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Rafał Bilski
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza Str., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (D.K.); (R.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Renata Paprocka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 2 Jurasza Str., 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (S.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Renata Kołodziejska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza Str., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (D.K.); (R.B.); (R.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu WB, Zeng XP, Zhou J. Carbonyl-Stabilized Phosphorus Ylide as an Organocatalyst for Cyanosilylation Reactions Using TMSCN. J Org Chem 2020; 85:14342-14350. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Biao Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Ping Zeng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zeng X, Sun J, Liu C, Ji C, Peng Y. Catalytic Asymmetric Cyanation Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones in Total Synthesis. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing‐Ping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic MoleculeMinistry of EducationJiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun‐Chao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic MoleculeMinistry of EducationJiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic MoleculeMinistry of EducationJiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Cong‐Bin Ji
- Jiangxi Provincial Research of Targeting Pharmaceutical Engineering TechnologyShangrao Normal University Shangrao Jiangxi 334001 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Yuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic MoleculeMinistry of EducationJiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Studzińska R, Kołodziejska R, Płaziński W, Kupczyk D, Kosmalski T, Jasieniecka K, Modzelewska-Banachiewicz B. Synthesis of the N-methyl Derivatives of 2-Aminothiazol-4(5H)-one and Their Interactions with 11βHSD1-Molecular Modeling and in Vitro Studies. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900065. [PMID: 31012543 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) is an enzyme that affects the body's cortisol levels. The inhibition of its activity can be used in the treatment of Cushing's syndrome, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we synthesized new derivatives of 2-(methylamino)thiazol-4(5H)-one and tested their activity towards inhibition of 11β-HSD1 and its isoform - 11β-HSD2. The results were compared with the previously tested allyl derivatives. We found out that methyl derivatives are weaker inhibitors of 11β-HSD1 in comparison to their allyl analogs. Due to significant differences in the activity of the compounds, molecular modeling was performed, which was aimed at comparing the interactions between 11β-HSD1 and ligands differing by substituent at the amine group (allyl vs. methyl). Modeling showed that the absence of the allyl group can lead to the rotation of whole ligand molecule which affects its interaction with the enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Studzińska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Renata Kołodziejska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Płaziński
- J. Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek Str. 8, 30-239, Cracow, Poland
| | - Daria Kupczyk
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicza 24, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kosmalski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jasieniecka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Bożena Modzelewska-Banachiewicz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Caille S, Cui S, Faul MM, Mennen SM, Tedrow JS, Walker SD. Molecular Complexity as a Driver for Chemical Process Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4583-4603. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seb Caille
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Sheng Cui
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Margaret M. Faul
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Steven M. Mennen
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Jason S. Tedrow
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Shawn D. Walker
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chidan Kumar CS, Sim AJ, Ng WZ, Chia TS, Loh WS, Kwong HC, Quah CK, Naveen S, Lokanath NK, Warad I. The crystal structure of zwitterionic 2-{[(4-imin-iumyl-3-methyl-1,4-di-hydro-pyridin-1-yl)meth-yl]carbamo-yl}benzoate hemihydrate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2017; 73:927-931. [PMID: 28775853 PMCID: PMC5499261 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989017007836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C15H15N3O3·0.5H2O, comprises two 2-{[(4-iminiumyl-3-methyl-1,4-di-hydro-pyridin-1-yl)meth-yl]carbamo-yl}benzoate zwitterions (A and B) and a water mol-ecule. The dihedral angles between the pyridine and phenyl rings in the zwitterions are 53.69 (10) and 73.56 (11)° in A and B, respectively. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O, O-H⋯O, C-H⋯O and C-H⋯π(ring) hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional network. The crystal structure also features π-π inter-actions involving the centroids of the pyridine and phenyl rings [centroid-centroid distances = 3.5618 (12) Å in A and 3.8182 (14) Å in B].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. S. Chidan Kumar
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering & Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Alanahally, Mysuru 570 028, India
| | - Ai Jia Sim
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Weng Zhun Ng
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Tze Shyang Chia
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Wan-Sin Loh
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Huey Chong Kwong
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ching Kheng Quah
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - S. Naveen
- Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India
| | - N. K. Lokanath
- Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India
| | - Ismail Warad
- Department of Chemistry, Science College, An-Najah National University, PO Box 7, Nablus, West Bank, Palestinian Territories
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zeng XP, Cao ZY, Wang X, Chen L, Zhou F, Zhu F, Wang CH, Zhou J. Activation of Chiral (Salen)AlCl Complex by Phosphorane for Highly Enantioselective Cyanosilylation of Ketones and Enones. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 138:416-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Ping Zeng
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- College
of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Cui-Hong Wang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Scott JS, Goldberg FW, Turnbull AV. Medicinal Chemistry of Inhibitors of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (11β-HSD1). J Med Chem 2013; 57:4466-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4014746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James S. Scott
- AstraZeneca Innovative Medicines, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Frederick W. Goldberg
- AstraZeneca Innovative Medicines, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, U.K
| | - Andrew V. Turnbull
- AstraZeneca Innovative Medicines, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gathercole LL, Lavery GG, Morgan SA, Cooper MS, Sinclair AJ, Tomlinson JW, Stewart PM. 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1: translational and therapeutic aspects. Endocr Rev 2013; 34:525-55. [PMID: 23612224 DOI: 10.1210/er.2012-1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) interconverts the inactive glucocorticoid cortisone and its active form cortisol. It is widely expressed and, although bidirectional, in vivo it functions predominantly as an oxoreductase, generating active glucocorticoid. This allows glucocorticoid receptor activation to be regulated at a prereceptor level in a tissue-specific manner. In this review, we will discuss the enzymology and molecular biology of 11β-HSD1 and the molecular basis of cortisone reductase deficiencies. We will also address how altered 11β-HSD1 activity has been implicated in a number of disease states, and we will explore its role in the physiology and pathologies of different tissues. Finally, we will address the current status of selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitors that are in development and being tested in phase II trials for patients with the metabolic syndrome. Although the data are preliminary, therapeutic inhibition of 11β-HSD1 is also an exciting prospect for the treatment of a variety of other disorders such as osteoporosis, glaucoma, intracranial hypertension, and cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Gathercole
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Discovery of SAR184841, a potent and long-lasting inhibitor of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, active in a physiopathological animal model of T2D. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:2414-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
11
|
Gibbs JP, Emery MG, McCaffery I, Smith B, Gibbs MA, Akrami A, Rossi J, Paweletz K, Gastonguay MR, Bautista E, Wang M, Perfetti R, Daniels O. Population Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model of Subcutaneous Adipose 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (11β-HSD1) Activity After Oral Administration of AMG 221, a Selective 11β-HSD1 Inhibitor. J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 51:830-41. [DOI: 10.1177/0091270010374470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
12
|
Anagnostis P, Katsiki N, Adamidou F, Athyros VG, Karagiannis A, Kita M, Mikhailidis DP. 11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitors: novel agents for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and obesity-related disorders? Metabolism 2013; 62:21-33. [PMID: 22652056 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Cushing's syndrome share common features. It has been proposed that increased glucocorticoid activity at peripheral tissues may play a role in the pathogenesis of MetS and obesity-related disorders. It is well-known that intracellular cortisol concentrations are determined not only by plasma levels but also by the activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) which catalyzes the conversion of inactive cortisone to active cortisol, especially in the liver and adipose tissue. Another isoenzyme exists, the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, which acts in the opposite direction inactivating cortisol to cortisone in the kidney. This review considers the significance of the 11β-HSD1 inhibition in the treatment of several features of MetS and provides current data about the development of 11β-HSD1 inhibitors, as new agents for this purpose. MATERIALS/METHODS Using PubMed, we searched for publications during the last 20years regarding the development of 11β-HSD1 inhibitors. RESULTS Emerging data from animal and human studies indicate an association of 11β-HSD1 over-expression with obesity and disorders in glucose and lipid metabolism. This has led to the hypothesis that selective inhibition of 11β-HSD1 could be used to treat MetS and diabetes. Indeed, natural products and older agents such as thiazolidinediones and fibrates seem to exert an inhibitory effect on 11β-HSD1, ameliorating the cardiometabolic profile. In view of this concept, novel compounds, such as adamantyltriazoles, arylsulfonamidothiazoles, anilinothiazolones, BVT2733, INCB-13739, MK-0916 and MK-0736, are currently under investigation and the preliminary findings from both experimental and human studies show a favourable effect on glucose and lipid metabolism, weight reduction and adipokine levels. CONCLUSIONS Many compounds inhibiting 11β-ΗSD1 are under development and preliminary data about their impact on glucose metabolism and obesity-related disorders are encouraging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Anagnostis
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippokration Hospital, 49 Konstantinoupoleos Str, Thessaloniki, 54 642, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Aicher TD, Boyd SA, McVean M, Celeste A. Novel therapeutics and targets for the treatment of diabetes. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2012; 3:209-29. [PMID: 22111568 DOI: 10.1586/ecp.10.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The microvascular complications of insufficiently controlled diabetes (neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy) and the marked increased risk of macrovascular events (e.g., stroke and myocardial infarction) have a dire impact on society in both human and economic terms. In Type 1 diabetes total β-cell loss occurs. In Type 2 diabetes, partial β-cell loss occurs before diagnosis, and the progressive β-cell loss during the life of the patient increases the severity of the disease. In patients with diabetes, increased insulin resistance in the muscle and liver are key pathophysiologic defects. In addition, defects in metabolic processes in the fat, GI tract, brain, pancreatic α-cells and kidney are detrimental to the overall health of the patient. This review addresses novel therapies for these deficiencies in clinical and preclinical evaluation, emphasizing their potential to address glucose homeostasis, β-cell mass and function, and the comorbidities of cardiovascular disease and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Aicher
- Principal Research Investigator, Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut Street, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
von Saint Paul V, Zhang W, Kanawati B, Geist B, Faus-Keßler T, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Schäffner AR. The Arabidopsis glucosyltransferase UGT76B1 conjugates isoleucic acid and modulates plant defense and senescence. THE PLANT CELL 2011; 23:4124-45. [PMID: 22080599 PMCID: PMC3246326 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.111.088443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants coordinate and tightly regulate pathogen defense by the mostly antagonistic salicylate (SA)- and jasmonate (JA)-mediated signaling pathways. Here, we show that the previously uncharacterized glucosyltransferase UGT76B1 is a novel player in this SA-JA signaling crosstalk. UGT76B1 was selected as the top stress-induced isoform among all 122 members of the Arabidopsis thaliana UGT family. Loss of UGT76B1 function leads to enhanced resistance to the biotrophic pathogen Pseudomonas syringae and accelerated senescence but increased susceptibility toward necrotrophic Alternaria brassicicola. This is accompanied by constitutively elevated SA levels and SA-related marker gene expression, whereas JA-dependent markers are repressed. Conversely, UGT76B1 overexpression has the opposite effect. Thus, UGT76B1 attenuates SA-dependent plant defense in the absence of infection, promotes the JA response, and delays senescence. The ugt76b1 phenotypes were SA dependent, whereas UGT76B1 overexpression indicated that this gene possibly also has a direct effect on the JA pathway. Nontargeted metabolomic analysis of UGT76B1 knockout and overexpression lines using ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry and activity assays with the recombinant enzyme led to the ab initio identification of isoleucic acid (2-hydroxy-3-methyl-pentanoic acid) as a substrate of UGT76B1. Exogenously applied isoleucic acid increased resistance against P. syringae infection. These findings indicate a novel link between amino acid-related molecules and plant defense that is mediated by small-molecule glucosylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica von Saint Paul
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Basem Kanawati
- Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Geist
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Theresa Faus-Keßler
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Anton R. Schäffner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Address correspondence to
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Venier O, Pascal C, Braun A, Namane C, Mougenot P, Crespin O, Pacquet F, Mougenot C, Monseau C, Onofri B, Dadji-Faïhun R, Leger C, Ben-Hassine M, Van-Pham T, Ragot JL, Philippo C, Güssregen S, Engel C, Farjot G, Noah L, Maniani K, Nicolaï E. Pyrrolidine-pyrazole ureas as potent and selective inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase type 1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2244-51. [PMID: 21439819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.02.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A High Throughput Screening campaign allowed the identification of a novel class of ureas as 11β-HSD1 inhibitors. Rational chemical optimization provided potent and selective inhibitors of both human and murine 11β-HSD1 with an appropriate ADME profile and ex vivo activity in target tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Venier
- Sanofi-aventis R&D, 1 Avenue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly-Mazarin, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang W, Liu X, Lin L, Feng X. Recent Progress in the Chemically Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyanohydrins. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China, Fax: +86‐28‐8541‐8249
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China, Fax: +86‐28‐8541‐8249
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China, Fax: +86‐28‐8541‐8249
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China, Fax: +86‐28‐8541‐8249
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Caille S, Boni J, Cox GB, Faul MM, Franco P, Khattabi S, Klingensmith LM, Larrow JF, Lee JK, Martinelli MJ, Miller LM, Moniz GA, Sakai K, Tedrow JS, Hansen KB. Comparison of Large-Scale Routes to Manufacture Chiral exo-2-Norbornyl Thiourea. Org Process Res Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/op9002328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seb Caille
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Jerome Boni
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Geoffrey B. Cox
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Margaret M. Faul
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Pilar Franco
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Saab Khattabi
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Liane M. Klingensmith
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Jay F. Larrow
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - James K. Lee
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Michael J. Martinelli
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Larry M. Miller
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - George A. Moniz
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Kenichi Sakai
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Jason S. Tedrow
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| | - Karl B. Hansen
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, Novasep, Site Eiffel-81, Boulevard de Moselle-BP50, 54340 Pompey, France, Chiral Technologies, 800 North Five Points Road, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, and Parc d’Innovation, Gonthier d’Andernach Boulevard, 67400 Illkrich-Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|