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Catalytic Efficiency of Primary α-Amino Amides as Multifunctional Organocatalysts in Recent Asymmetric Organic Transformations. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral primary α-amino amides, consisting of an adjacent enamine bonding site (Bronsted base site), a hydrogen bonding site (Bronsted acid site), and flexible bulky substituent groups to modify the steric factor, are proving to be extremely valuable bifunctional organocatalysts for a wide range of asymmetric organic transformations. Primary α-amino amides are less expensive alternatives to other primary amino organocatalysts, such as chiral diamines and cinchona-alkaloid-derived primary amines, as they are easy to synthesize, air-stable, and allow for the incorporation of a variety of functional groups. In recent years, we have demonstrated the catalytic use of simple primary α-amino amides and their derivatives as organocatalysts for the aldol reaction, Strecker reaction, Michael tandem reaction, allylation of aldehydes, reduction of N-Aryl mines, opening of epoxides, hydrosilylation, asymmetric hydrogen transfer, and N-specific nitrosobenzene reaction with aldehydes.
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2
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Sunoj RB. Coming of Age of Computational Chemistry from a Resilient Past to a Promising Future. Isr J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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3
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Otani Y, Park S, Ohwada T. Conformational preference of bicyclic β-amino acid dipeptides. Chirality 2020; 32:790-807. [PMID: 32239582 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bridged bicyclic amino acids have high potential applicability as self-organized, conformationally constrained synthetic building blocks that do not require assistance from hydrogen bond formation. We systematically investigated the intrinsic conformational propensities of dipeptides of bridged bicyclic β-amino acids by means of accelerated molecular dynamics simulation and density functional theory (DFT) calculations in methanol, chloroform, and water. While the main-chain conformation, represented by φ and θ values, is fixed by the nature of the bicyclic ring structure, rotation of the C-terminal carbonyl group (ψ) is also restricted, converging to one or two minima. In endo-type dipeptides, in which the two N- and C-terminal amides are spatially close to each other, the C-terminal amide plane is placed horizontally. In exo-type dipeptides, in which the two amides are on opposite sides of the ring plane, the C-terminal carbonyl group can take two types of positions: either parallel/antiparallel with the N-terminal carbonyl or beneath the bicyclic ring, forcing the amide NHMe moiety to lie outside of the ring. We also examined the cis-trans preference of model bicyclic amides. Although the parent amides exhibit cis-trans equilibrium without any preference, addition of a methyl group on one of the bridgehead positions tips the equilibrium towards trans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Otani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seokhwi Park
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ohwada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Espinosa M, Noda H, Shibasaki M. Synthesis of Unprotected Spirocyclic β-Prolines and β-Homoprolines by Rh-Catalyzed C-H Insertion. Org Lett 2019; 21:9296-9299. [PMID: 31580682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of unprotected spirocyclic β-prolines and β-homoprolines are prepared by Rh-catalyzed C-H insertion. The key intermediate, a Rh nitrenoid, is generated by the N-O bond cleavage of a substituted isoxazolidin-5-one. The reaction proceeds on a gram scale with a catalyst loading of as little as 0.1 mol %, affording spirocyclic β-amino acids that are otherwise difficult to obtain. The building blocks prepared in this work will likely find applications in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Espinosa
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo , 3-14-23 Kamiosaki , Shinagawa-ku , Tokyo 141-0021 , Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Noda
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo , 3-14-23 Kamiosaki , Shinagawa-ku , Tokyo 141-0021 , Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo , 3-14-23 Kamiosaki , Shinagawa-ku , Tokyo 141-0021 , Japan
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5
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Mimini V, Ianni F, Marini F, Hettegger H, Sardella R, Lindner W. Electrostatic attraction-repulsion model with Cinchona alkaloid-based zwitterionic chiral stationary phases exemplified for zwitterionic analytes. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1078:212-220. [PMID: 31358221 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper, we demonstrated that Cinchona alkaloid cyclohexyl sulfonic acid-based zwitterionic chiral selectors (SOs) and the respective chiral stationary phases (CSPs) can be successfully employed for the enantioseparation of underivatized thus zwitterionic amino acids (the selectands, SAs) even in the absence of ionic additives in the eluent, generally used as displacer counter-ions in ion exchange chromatography. Therefore, we provided evidence that cooperative "intramolecular and intermolecular counter-ion effects" of the zwitterionic SO moiety and the zwitterionic SAs can be sufficient to modulate alone the retention characteristics without a loss of stereoselectivity. Four fully constrained β-amino acids were used as target compounds for this study. The analyses were carried out with either neat methanol, acetonitrile, water or their binary hydro-organic mixtures. A U-shaped retention profile was observed both with methanol- and acetonitrile-based eluents. Except a few cases, enantioselectivity experienced a remarkable amelioration at the "balanced region" of a buffer free hydroorganic mobile phase composition. At "the bottom" of the U-shaped curve, high α- and resolution values could be reached with most of the screened mobile phases. An electrostatically driven "attraction-repulsion model" was postulated to explain the very favourable characteristic of the two studied zwitterion-type CSPs for the retention and enantiomer separation of zwitterionic analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vebi Mimini
- University of Vienna, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Department of Chemistry, Institute for Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Federica Ianni
- University of Perugia, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Via Fabretti 48, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Marini
- University of Perugia, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Via Fabretti 48, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Hubert Hettegger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Department of Chemistry, Institute for Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Roccaldo Sardella
- University of Perugia, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Via Fabretti 48, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Wolfgang Lindner
- University of Vienna, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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6
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Bulman Page PC, Kinsey FS, Chan Y, Strutt IR, Slawin AMZ, Jones GA. Novel binaphthyl and biphenyl α- and β-amino acids and esters: organocatalysis of asymmetric Diels-Alder reactions. A combined synthetic and computational study. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7400-7416. [PMID: 30259945 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01795f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric catalysis of the Diels-Alder reaction between cyclopentadiene and cinnamaldehydes has been studied using as catalysts a range of novel α- and β-aminoacids and aminoesters with binaphthyl and biphenyl backbones, providing enantioselectivities of up to 62% ee. B3LYP/6-31G* calculations, including free energy corrections, have been carried out on a binaphthyl catalyst example to identify transition state structures and to aid in the identification of major enantiomers. The calculated product ratios agree well with the experimental data; the transition states identified involve preferential approach of cyclopentene along a trajectory adjacent to the acid/ester group. The four lowest energy transition states display a stabilizing dipolar interaction between the carbonyl group oxygen atom and a terminal proton of the diene unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Bulman Page
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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7
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Yadav GD, Singh S. (l)-Prolinamide imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid as an efficient reusable organocatalyst for direct asymmetric aldol reaction in solvent-free condition. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have designed a new hydrophobic ionic liquid derived from bromoester of trans-4-hydroxy-(l)-prolinamide and N-methylimidazole.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Surendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi
- India – 110007
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9
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Optically active, magnetic microspheres: Constructed by helical substituted polyacetylene with pendent prolineamide groups and applied as catalyst for Aldol reaction. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Aguilera J, Moglioni A, Mor À, Ospina J, Illa O, Ortuño RM. Divergent synthetic routes to biologically relevant types of compounds: chiral polyfunctional γ-lactams and amino acids. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Sardella R, Ianni F, Lisanti A, Scorzoni S, Marini F, Sternativo S, Natalini B. Direct chromatographic enantioresolution of fully constrained β-amino acids: exploring the use of high-molecular weight chiral selectors. Amino Acids 2014; 46:1235-42. [PMID: 24500113 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1683-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To the best of our knowledge enantioselective chromatographic protocols on β-amino acids with polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs) have not yet appeared in the literature. Therefore, the primary objective of this work was the development of chromatographic methods based on the use of an amylose derivative CSP (Lux Amylose-2), enabling the direct normal-phase (NP) enantioresolution of four fully constrained β-amino acids. Also, the results obtained with the glycopeptide-type Chirobiotic T column employed in the usual polar-ionic (PI) mode of elution are compared with those achieved with the polysaccharide-based phase. The Lux Amylose-2 column, in combination with alkyl sulfonic acid containing NP eluent systems, prevailed over the Chirobiotic T one, when used under the PI mode of elution, and hence can be considered as the elective choice for the enantioseparation of this class of rigid β-amino acids. Moreover, the extraordinarily high α (up to 4.60) and R S (up to 10.60) values provided by the polysaccharidic polymer, especially when used with camphor sulfonic acid containing eluent systems, make it also suitable for preparative-scale enantioisolations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roccaldo Sardella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123, Perugia, Italy
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Abstract
An asymmetric synthesis to the dendrobatid alkaloid (−)-epibatidine has been described, featuring chiral resolution of both optically pure 7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanecarboxylic acid, and subsequent transformations to (−)-epibatidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Chiou
- Department of Chemistry
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Min Chiang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung, Republic of China
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13
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Armstrong A, Boto RA, Dingwall P, Contreras-García J, Harvey MJ, Mason NJ, Rzepa HS. The Houk–List transition states for organocatalytic mechanisms revisited. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc53416b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ten year old Houk–List model for rationalising the origin of stereoselectivity in the organocatalysed intermolecular aldol addition is revisited, using a variety of computational techniques that have been introduced or improved since the original study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- South Kensington Campus
- London, UK
| | - Roberto A. Boto
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- UMR 7616
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique
- Paris, France
| | - Paul Dingwall
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- South Kensington Campus
- London, UK
| | - Julia Contreras-García
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- UMR 7616
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique
- Paris, France
| | - Matt J. Harvey
- High Performance Computing
- ICT services
- Imperial College London
- UK
| | - Nicholas J. Mason
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- South Kensington Campus
- London, UK
| | - Henry S. Rzepa
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- South Kensington Campus
- London, UK
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14
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Jindal G, Sunoj RB. Rational design of catalysts for asymmetric diamination reaction using transition state modeling. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:2745-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42520g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
DFT calculations have been used to design chiral phosphoramidite ligands for the asymmetric diamination of vicinal diamines. The substituents at both the 3,3′ positions of the binol framework and the amido nitrogen play a vital role in the stereochemical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Jindal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Raghavan B. Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076, India
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15
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Yoshida M, Nagasawa Y, Kubara A, Hara S, Yamanaka M. Mechanistic study of asymmetric Michael addition of malonates to enones catalyzed by a primary amino acid lithium salt. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Aron ZD, Ito T, May TL, Overman LE, Wang J. Enantioselective synthesis of angularly substituted 1-azabicylic rings: coupled dynamic kinetic epimerization and chirality transfer. J Org Chem 2013; 78:9929-48. [PMID: 24090405 DOI: 10.1021/jo4018099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy for enantioselective synthesis of azacyclic molecules in which dynamic kinetic equilibration of diastereomeric iminium ions precedes a stereochemistry-determining sigmatropic rearrangement is reported. The method is illustrated by the synthesis, in high enantiomeric purity (generally 95-99% ee), of a variety of 1-azabicyclic molecules containing angular allyl or 3-substituted 2-propenyl side chains adjacent to nitrogen and up to three stereogenic centers. In these products, the size of the carbocyclic ring is varied widely (5-12 membered); however, useful yields are obtained in forming 1-azabicyclic products containing only fused pyrrolidine and piperidine rings. Chirality transfer from substituents at carbons 1 and 2 of the 3-butenylamine fragment of the starting material is investigated, with methyl and phenyl substituents at the allylic position shown to provide exquisite stereocontrol (generally 98-99% chirality transfer). An attractive feature of the method is the ability to carry out the key transformation in the absence of solvent. Illustrated also is the high yielding conversion of four such products to a new family of bicyclic β-amino acids of high enantiomeric purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary D Aron
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine , 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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17
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Miranda PO, Llanes P, Torkian L, Pericàs MA. A Fluorous Proline Organocatalyst with Acetone-Dependent Aldolase Behavior. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Nagata K, Kuga Y, Higashi A, Kinoshita A, Kanemitsu T, Miyazaki M, Itoh T. Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of 3-Methyl-β-proline in Enantioselective anti-Mannich-type Reactions. J Org Chem 2013; 78:7131-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4010316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Nagata
- School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
142-8555, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kuga
- School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
142-8555, Japan
| | - Akinori Higashi
- School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
142-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kinoshita
- School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
142-8555, Japan
| | - Takuya Kanemitsu
- School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
142-8555, Japan
| | - Michiko Miyazaki
- School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
142-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Itoh
- School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
142-8555, Japan
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Zhang F, Li C, Qi C. Highly diastereo- and enantioselective direct aldol reaction under solvent-free conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Alonso B, Ocejo M, Carrillo L, Vicario JL, Reyes E, Uria U. Using heteroaryl-lithium reagents as hydroxycarbonyl anion equivalents in conjugate addition reactions with (S,S)-(+)-pseudoephedrine as chiral auxiliary; enantioselective synthesis of 3-substituted pyrrolidines. J Org Chem 2013; 78:614-27. [PMID: 23260037 DOI: 10.1021/jo302438k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an efficient protocol for carrying out the stereocontrolled formal conjugate addition of hydroxycarbonyl anion equivalents to α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives using (S,S)-(+)-pseudoephedrine as chiral auxiliary, making use of the synthetic equivalence between the heteroaryl moieties and the carboxylate group. This protocol has been applied as key step in the enantioselective synthesis of 3-substituted pyrrolidines in which, after removing the chiral auxiliary, the heteroaryl moiety is converted into a carboxylate group followed by reduction and double nucleophilic displacement. Alternatively, the access to the same type of heterocyclic scaffold but with opposite absolute configuration has also been accomplished by making use of the regio- and diastereoselective conjugate addition of organolithium reagents to α,β,γ,δ-unsaturated amides derived from the same chiral auxiliary followed by chiral auxiliary removal, ozonolysis, and reductive amination/intramolecular nucleophilic displacement sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Alonso
- Departamento de Química Orgánica II, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
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21
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Chikkali SH, Bellini R, de Bruin B, van der Vlugt JI, Reek JNH. Highly Selective Asymmetric Rh-Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Heterocyclic Olefins. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6607-16. [DOI: 10.1021/ja210117z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samir H. Chikkali
- Supramolecular and Homogeneous
Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Polymer Institute, PO Box 902, 5600
AX, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalba Bellini
- Supramolecular and Homogeneous
Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Supramolecular and Homogeneous
Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- Supramolecular and Homogeneous
Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- Supramolecular and Homogeneous
Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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22
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Yang H, Wong MW. (S)-Proline-catalyzed nitro-Michael reactions: towards a better understanding of the catalytic mechanism and enantioselectivity. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3229-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06993h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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23
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Reddy BS, Reddy AB, Reddy GR, Reddy PR. Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Novel [3-(4-substitutedphenylamino)-8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] oct-8yl]-phenyl-methanone Derivatives. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2011.55.6.969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Zimmer LE, Sparr C, Gilmour R. Konformative Fluoreffekte in der Organokatalyse: eine neuartige Strategie zum molekularen Design. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201102027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Zimmer LE, Sparr C, Gilmour R. Fluorine conformational effects in organocatalysis: an emerging strategy for molecular design. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:11860-71. [PMID: 21953782 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201102027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Molecular design strategies that profit from the intrinsic stereoelectronic and electrostatic effects of fluorinated organic molecules have mainly been restricted to bio-organic chemistry. Indeed, many fluorine conformational effects remain academic curiosities with no immediate application. However, the renaissance of organocatalysis offers the possibility to exploit many of these well-described phenomena for molecular preorganization. In this minireview, we highlight examples of catalyst refinement by introduction of an aliphatic C-F bond which functions as a chemically inert steering group for conformational control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie E Zimmer
- ETH Zürich, Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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26
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Yoshida M, Narita M, Hara S. Asymmetric Michael Addition of Malonates to Enones Catalyzed by a Primary β-Amino Acid and Its Lithium Salt. J Org Chem 2011; 76:8513-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201429w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Yoshida
- Division of Chemical Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13-jo Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Mao Narita
- Division of Chemical Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13-jo Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Shoji Hara
- Division of Chemical Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13-jo Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
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Yang H, Wong MW. β-Amino Acid Catalyzed Asymmetric Michael Additions: Design of Organocatalysts with Catalytic Acid/Base Dyad Inspired by Serine Proteases. J Org Chem 2011; 76:7399-405. [DOI: 10.1021/jo2011413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Ming Wah Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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Sunoj RB. Proline-derived organocatalysis and synergism between theory and experiments. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Rajeev R, Sunoj RB. Mechanism and electronic effects in nitrogen ylide-promoted asymmetric aziridination reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:2123-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00955e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Fuentes JA, Lebl T, Slawin AMZ, Clarke ML. Synthesis of organocatalysts using non-covalent chemistry; understanding the reactivity of ProNap, an enamine-type organocatalyst that can self assemble with complementary co-catalysts. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00299f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Pietruszka J, Simon RC. Indoline-3-Carboxylic Acid Derived Organocatalysts for the anti-Mannich Reaction. Chemistry 2010; 16:14534-44. [PMID: 21108254 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Pietruszka
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie der Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Geb. 15.8, 52426 Jülich, Germany.
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Stereoselective synthesis of optically active cyclic α- and β-amino esters through lipase-catalyzed transesterification or interesterification processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Liu PM, Magar DR, Chen K. Highly Efficient and Practical Pyrrolidine-Camphor-Derived Organocatalysts for the Direct α-Amination of Aldehydes. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Computational investigations of the stereoselectivities of proline-related catalysts for aldol reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 324:31-38. [PMID: 20634993 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2010.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Computational investigation of the aldol reaction of benzaldehyde with acetone catalyzed by various proline derivatives and 2-azetidine carboxylic acid reveal the origins of stereoselectivities of these reactions. Structural differences between catalysts and transition states were analyzed with density functional theory geometries in order to establish the key factors that will help in the design of new catalysts.
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Um JM, Kaka NS, Hodgson DM, Houk KN. Transition states and origins of 1,4-asymmetric induction in alkylations of 2,2,6-trialkylpiperidine enamines. Chemistry 2010; 16:6310-6. [PMID: 20411546 PMCID: PMC3049728 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric C-alkylation of chiral enamines derived from terminal epoxides and lithium 2,2,6-trialkylpiperidides has previously been shown to provide alpha-alkylated aldehydes by intermolecular nucleophilic substitution in good levels of asymmetric induction. We now report a computational study of the origins of asymmetric induction in these reactions. Computational modeling with density functional theory (B3LYP/6-31G(d)) agrees closely with the experimental observations. This stereoselectivity is attributed to a preferential conformation of the enamine and the piperidine ring that places the C-6 alkyl substituent in an axial position due to A(1, 3) strain. Preferential attack occurs away from the axial group, for steric reasons. The effects of changing the C-6 substituent from methyl to isopropyl were studied, and twist transition states were found to contribute significantly in the latter alkylations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joann M. Um
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569 (USA)
| | - Naeem S. Kaka
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - David M. Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569 (USA)
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Pietruszka J, Simon RC. (S)-Indoline-3-Carboxylic Acid: A New Organocatalyst for the Anti Mannich-Type Reaction. ChemCatChem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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