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Glucosinolates: Natural Occurrence, Biosynthesis, Accessibility, Isolation, Structures, and Biological Activities. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194537. [PMID: 33022970 PMCID: PMC7582585 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are secondary plant metabolites abundantly found in plant order Brassicales. GSLs are constituted by an S-β-d-glucopyrano unit anomerically connected to O-sulfated (Z)-thiohydroximate moiety. The side-chain of the O-sulfate thiohydroximate moiety, which is derived from a different amino acid, contributes to the diversity of natural GSL, with more than 130 structures identified and validated to this day. Both the structural diversity of GSL and their biological implication in plants have been biochemically studied. Although chemical syntheses of GSL have been devised to give access to these secondary metabolites, direct extraction from biomass remains the conventional method to isolate natural GSL. While intact GSLs are biologically inactive, various products, including isothiocyanates, nitriles, epithionitriles, and cyanides obtained through their hydrolysis of GSLs, exhibit many different biological activities, among which several therapeutic benefits have been suggested. This article reviews natural occurrence, accessibility via chemical, synthetic biochemical pathways of GSL, and the current methodology of extraction, purification, and characterization. Structural information, including the most recent classification of GSL, and their stability and storage conditions will also be discussed. The biological perspective will also be explored to demonstrate the importance of these prominent metabolites.
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Bolotin DS, Bokach NA, Demakova MY, Kukushkin VY. Metal-Involving Synthesis and Reactions of Oximes. Chem Rev 2017; 117:13039-13122. [PMID: 28991449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This review classifies and summarizes the past 10-15 years of advancements in the field of metal-involving (i.e., metal-mediated and metal-catalyzed) reactions of oximes. These reactions are diverse in nature and have been employed for syntheses of oxime-based metal complexes and cage-compounds, oxime functionalizations, and the preparation of new classes of organic species, in particular, a wide variety of heterocyclic systems spanning small 3-membered ring systems to macroheterocycles. This consideration gives a general outlook of reaction routes, mechanisms, and driving forces and underlines the potential of metal-involving conversions of oxime species for application in various fields of chemistry and draws attention to the emerging putative targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Marina Ya Demakova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Krasnikov PE, Sidnin EA, Osyanin VA, Klimochkin YN. Nitrosochlorination of 2-alkylideneadamantanes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428015030069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jakhar A, Sadhukhan A, Khan NUH, Saravanan S, Kureshy RI, Abdi SHR, Bajaj HC. Asymmetric Hydrocyanation of Nitroolefins Catalyzed by an Aluminum(III) Salen Complex. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Vo QV, Trenerry C, Rochfort S, Wadeson J, Leyton C, Hughes AB. Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of aromatic glucosinolates. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:5945-54. [PMID: 23978357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic GLs are important members of the glucosinolate family of compounds because of their potential biological activity and medicinal properties. This study has shown success in the high yielding synthesis of some important aromatic GLs as well as the results of testing for anti-inflammatory properties of the synthetic GLs. 3,4-Dimethoxyphenylglucosinolate was found to be the most active anti-inflammatory of the seven glucosinolates assayed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan V Vo
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086, Australia
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Chronowska A, Gallienne E, Nicolas C, Kato A, Adachi I, Martin OR. An expeditious synthesis of an analogue of (−)-steviamine by way of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a nitrile oxide with a 1-C-allyl iminosugar. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Gueyrard D, Iori R, Tatibouët A, Rollin P. Glucosinolate Chemistry: Synthesis of O-Glycosylated Derivatives of Glucosinalbin. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
This critical review, which is relevant to researchers in synthetic organic chemistry, focuses on asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions with acrylamides. The use of chiral acrylamides as dipolarophiles leads to high levels of stereocontrol, due to conformational constraint in the acrylamides. Employment of chiral tertiary acrylamides containing nitrogen heterocycles is particularly effective in controlling the stereoselectivity. Following a general overview of 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, the main body of the review focuses on asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of acrylamides with nitrile oxides, nitrones, diazoalkanes and azomethine ylides, with particular emphasis on the rationale for the observed stereocontrol (215 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Kissane
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Cerniauskaite D, Gallienne E, Karciauskaite H, Farinha AS, Rousseau J, Armand S, Tatibouët A, Sackus A, Rollin P. A simple O-sulfated thiohydroximate molecule to be the first micromolar range myrosinase inhibitor. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tóth M, Kun S, Bokor É, Benltifa M, Tallec G, Vidal S, Docsa T, Gergely P, Somsák L, Praly JP. Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of C-glycosylated oxadiazoles as inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:4773-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Tu Z, Rama Raju B, Liou TR, Kavala V, Kuo CW, Jang Y, Shih YH, Wang CC, Yao CF. An efficient method for the synthesis of α-arylated nitroalkanes and α-arylated hydroximoyl chlorides mediated by AlCl3. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Velaparthi S, Brunsteiner M, Uddin R, Wan B, Franzblau SG, Petukhov PA. 5-tert-butyl-N-pyrazol-4-yl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]isoxazole-3-carboxamide derivatives as novel potent inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pantothenate synthetase: initiating a quest for new antitubercular drugs. J Med Chem 2008; 51:1999-2002. [PMID: 18335974 DOI: 10.1021/jm701372r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pantothenate synthetase (PS) is one of the potential new antimicrobial targets that may also be useful for the treatment of the nonreplicating persistent forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this Letter we present a series of 5- tert-butyl- N-pyrazol-4-yl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[ d]isoxazole-3-carboxamide derivatives as novel potent Mycobacterium tuberculosis PS inhibitors, their in silico molecular design, synthesis, and inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash Velaparthi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Synthesis of 2-Cyanomethyl-3-hydroxy-5-iodomethyltetrahydrofuran from Various Isoxazolines: Effects of 3-Substituents in the Diastereoselective Iodoetheration Reactions of Isoxazolines. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2004. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2004.25.1.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yan MC, Tu Z, Lin C, Yao CF. An easy and efficient method for the synthesis of hydroximoyl chloride from nitro olefin and silyl enol ether. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)01616-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gueyrard D, Barillari J, Iori R, Palmieri S, Rollin P. First synthesis of an O-glycosylated glucosinolate isolated from Moringa oleifera. Tetrahedron Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)01466-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yan MC, Liu JY, Lin WW, Kao KH, Liu JT, Jang JJ, Yao CF. One-pot synthesis of five-membered cyclic thioethers or ethers via intramolecular nitrile oxide-olefin cycloaddition (INOC) or intramolecular alkoxycarbonyl nitronate-olefin cycloaddition (IAOC) by the use of methyl chloroformate. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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One-pot synthesis of five- or six-membered carbocycles through intramolecular cycloadditions by the use of ethyl chloroformate. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kao KH, Yang CS, Liu JT, Lin WW, Fang HY, Yao CF, Chen K. One-pot synthesis of the hydroximoyl chlorides and [3.3.0] bicyclic compounds from the reactions of β-nitrostyrenes with stabilized nucleophiles. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00883-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yao CF, Kao KH, Liu JT, Chu CM, Wang Y, Chen WC, Lin YM, Lin WW, Yan MC, Liu JY, Chuang MC, Shiue JL. Generation of nitroalkanes, hydroximoyl halides and nitrile oxides from the reactions of β-nitrostyrenes with Grignard or organolithium reagents. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(97)10356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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