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Buchman M, Farney EP, Greszler SN, Altenbach RJ, Gfesser GA, Voight EA. Lithioarene Cycliacylation and Pd-Catalyzed Aminoethylation/Cyclization to Access Electronically Diverse Saturated Isoquinoline Derivatives. J Org Chem 2021; 87:776-789. [PMID: 34939418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report operationally facile methods for the synthesis of substituted dihydroisoquinolinones and tetrahydroisoquinolines from readily accessible o-bromobenzyl bromides and o-bromobenzaldehydes, respectively. While classical electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are tailored to the construction of saturated isoquinolines derived from electron-rich precursors, we demonstrate efficient syntheses from electronically diverse substrates to produce cyclized products as single regioisomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Buchman
- Centralized Medicinal Chemistry, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Elliot P Farney
- Centralized Medicinal Chemistry, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Stephen N Greszler
- Centralized Medicinal Chemistry, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Robert J Altenbach
- Centralized Medicinal Chemistry, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Gregory A Gfesser
- Centralized Medicinal Chemistry, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Eric A Voight
- Centralized Medicinal Chemistry, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
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Hsieh CE, Tsao CY, Chuang CH, Chen LW, Chou CM. Palladium-Catalyzed Regiospecific Decarboxylative Allylation of (Cyclohexadienylidene)malononitriles: Access to α-Allyl-α-aryl Malononitriles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12168-12180. [PMID: 34346223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed regiospecific decarboxylative ε-allylation of (cyclohexadienylidene)malononitriles is presented for the synthesis of functionalized α-allyl-α-aryl malononitriles. This reaction proceeds via a resonance-stabilized α-aryl malononitrile anion, resulting in a wide range of α-allyl-α-aryl malononitriles in high yields with excellent linear product selectivity. We have also shown that the resulting products can be transformed into valuable synthetic intermediates by decyanation and Mizoroki-Heck arylation. In addition, an enantioselective decarboxylative allylation reaction is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-En Hsieh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700, Kaohsiung University Road, Nanzih District, 81148 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Tsao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700, Kaohsiung University Road, Nanzih District, 81148 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Huan Chuang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700, Kaohsiung University Road, Nanzih District, 81148 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Wei Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700, Kaohsiung University Road, Nanzih District, 81148 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Chou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700, Kaohsiung University Road, Nanzih District, 81148 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Shinohara K, Tsurugi H, Anwander R, Mashima K. Trivalent Rare-Earth Metal Amide Complexes as Catalysts for the Hydrosilylation of Benzophenone Derivatives with HN(SiHMe 2 ) 2 by Amine-Exchange Reaction. Chemistry 2020; 26:14130-14136. [PMID: 32634253 PMCID: PMC7745047 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The rare-earth metal complexes Ln(L1 )[N(SiHMe2 )2 ](thf) (Ln=La, Ce, Y; L1 =N,N''-bis(pentafluorophenyl)diethylenetriamine dianion) were synthesized by treating Ln[N(SiHMe2 )2 ]3 (thf)2 with L1 H2 . The lanthanum and cerium derivatives are active catalysts for the hydrosilylation of benzophenone derivatives with HN(SiHMe2 )2 . An amine-exchange reaction was revealed as a key step of the catalytic cycle, in which Ln-Si-H β-agostic interactions are proposed to promote insertion of the carbonyl moiety into the Si-H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Shinohara
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonakaOsaka560-8531Japan
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonakaOsaka560-8531Japan
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonakaOsaka560-8531Japan
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Expanding the chemical space of sp3-enriched 4,5-disubstituted oxazoles via synthesis of novel building blocks. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-019-02475-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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5
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Application of Chan-Lam cross coupling for the synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene precursors bearing strong electron donating or withdrawing groups. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26201939 PMCID: PMC5378884 DOI: 10.1038/srep12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chan-Lam cross coupling allowed efficient synthesis of N,N'-disubstituted ortho-phenylene diamines bearing strong electron donating or withdrawing groups, such as nitro or methoxy groups, with moderate to high yields. These diamines can then be turned into N-heterocyclic carbene precursors after condensation with trimethyl orthoformate. The same strategy can also be utilized for the synthesis of N-monosubstituted aniline derivatives containing a functionalized ortho-aminomethyl group as intermediates for chiral 6-membered ring carbene precursors.
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Srinivasan AK, Rajashekar K, Shyamapada B, Syam Kumar UK. Facile and Simple Synthesis of N-Alkyl and N-Aryl 2-Benzazepines by Nucleophilic Heteroannulation. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2014.928327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. K. Srinivasan
- a Custom Pharmaceutical Services, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited , Hyderabad , India
| | - K. Rajashekar
- a Custom Pharmaceutical Services, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited , Hyderabad , India
| | - B. Shyamapada
- a Custom Pharmaceutical Services, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited , Hyderabad , India
| | - U. K. Syam Kumar
- a Custom Pharmaceutical Services, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited , Hyderabad , India
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Rovira M, Font M, Ribas X. Model C sp 2C sp 3 Hurtley Coupling Catalysis that Operates through a Well-Defined CuI/CuIIIMechanism. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201200885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Cobley C, Meek G, Rand C. A highly regioselective hydroformylation of an α-chiral olefin to produce a versatile trifunctionalised orthogonally protected C5 synthon. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Urgaonkar S, Cortese JF, Barker RH, Cromwell M, Serrano AE, Wirth DF, Clardy J, Mazitschek R. A concise silylamine approach to 2-amino-3-hydroxy-indoles with potent in vivo antimalaria activity. Org Lett 2010; 12:3998-4001. [PMID: 20718474 DOI: 10.1021/ol101566h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of a concise strategy to access 2-amino-3-hydroxy-indoles, which are disclosed as novel antimalarials with potent in vivo activity, is reported. Starting from isatins the target compounds are synthesized in 2 steps and in good yields via oxoindole intermediates by employing tert-butyldimethylsilyl amine (TBDMSNH(2)) as previously unexplored ammonia equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Urgaonkar
- Infectious Disease Initiative Program, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
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Wang X, Fan H, Zhang F, Qi Y, Qiu W, Yang F, Tang J, He P. Synthesis of a β-cyclodextrin derivate and its molecular recognition behavior on modified glassy carbon electrode by diazotization. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Monnier F, Taillefer M. Catalytic CC, CN, and CO Ullmann-Type Coupling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:6954-71. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1442] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Swamy KCK, Kumar NNB, Balaraman E, Kumar KVPP. Mitsunobu and Related Reactions: Advances and Applications. Chem Rev 2009; 109:2551-651. [PMID: 19382806 DOI: 10.1021/cr800278z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 873] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | - N. N. Bhuvan Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | - E. Balaraman
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
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Evano G, Blanchard N, Toumi M. Copper-mediated coupling reactions and their applications in natural products and designed biomolecules synthesis. Chem Rev 2008; 108:3054-131. [PMID: 18698737 DOI: 10.1021/cr8002505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1700] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwilherm Evano
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France.
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Tsou HR, Otteng M, Tran T, Floyd MB, Reich M, Birnberg G, Kutterer K, Ayral-Kaloustian S, Ravi M, Nilakantan R, Grillo M, McGinnis JP, Rabindran SK. 4-(Phenylaminomethylene)isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-diones as potent and selective inhibitors of the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). J Med Chem 2008; 51:3507-25. [PMID: 18494457 DOI: 10.1021/jm800072z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), as complexes with their respective partners, the cyclins, are critical regulators of cell cycle progression. Because aberrant regulations of CDK4/cyclin D1 lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation, a hallmark of cancer, small-molecule inhibitors of CDK4/cyclin D1 are attractive as prospective antitumor agents. The series of 4-(phenylaminomethylene)isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione derivatives reported here represents a novel class of potent inhibitors that selectively inhibit CDK4 over CDK2 and CDK1 activities. In the headpiece of the 4-(phenylaminomethylene)isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione, a basic amine substituent is required on the aniline ring for the CDK4 inhibitory activity. The inhibitory activity is further enhanced when an aryl or heteroaryl substituent is introduced at the C-6 position of the isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione core. We present here SAR data and a CDK4 mimic model that explains the binding, potency, and selectivity of our CDK4 selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwei-Ru Tsou
- Wyeth Research, 401 N Middletown Road, Pearl River, NY 10965, USA.
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Ran C, Wang G, Wu T, Xie M. A New Convenient Approach to Preparation of 5 or 6 or 7-Nitro-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrisoquinolines and 2-Alkylsulfonyl-5 or 6 or 7-Nitro-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910008087192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhao Ran
- a Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry , Shanghai, 200437, P. R. China
| | - Guoping Wang
- a Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry , Shanghai, 200437, P. R. China
| | - Taizhi Wu
- a Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry , Shanghai, 200437, P. R. China
| | - Meihua Xie
- a Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry , Shanghai, 200437, P. R. China
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Davis FA, Melamed JY, Sharik SS. Total Synthesis of (−)-Normalindine via Addition of Metalated 4-Methyl-3-cyanopyridine to an Enantiopure Sulfinimine. J Org Chem 2006; 71:8761-6. [PMID: 17081004 PMCID: PMC2543119 DOI: 10.1021/jo061443+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A concise total asymmetric synthesis of the tetrahydronaphthyridine alkaloid (-)-normalindine has been accomplished via the addition of a laterally metalated 4-methyl-3-cyanopyridine to a sulfinimine (N-sulfinyl imine) as the key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin A Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA.
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Cristau HJ, Cellier PP, Spindler JF, Taillefer M. Highly Efficient and Mild Copper-Catalyzed N- and C-Arylations with Aryl Bromides and Iodides. Chemistry 2004; 10:5607-22. [PMID: 15457520 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 500] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mild, efficient, copper-catalyzed N-arylation procedures for nitrogen heterocycles, amides, carbamates, and C-arylation procedures for malonic acid derivatives have been developed that afford high yields of arylated products with excellent selectivity. The N-arylation of imidazole with aryl bromides or iodides was found to be greatly accelerated by inexpensive, air-stable catalyst systems, combining catalytic copper salts or oxides with a set of structurally simple chelating ligands. The reaction was shown to be compatible with a broad range of aryl halides, encompassing sterically hindered, electron-poor, and electron-rich ones, providing the arylated products under particularly mild conditions (50-82 degrees C). The lower limit in ligand and catalyst loading and the scope of Ullmann-type condensations catalyzed by complexes bearing those ligands with respect to the nucleophile class have also been investigated. Chelating Schiff base Chxn-Py-Al (1c) generates a remarkably general copper catalyst for N-arylation of pyrrole, indole, 1,2,4-triazole, amides, and carbamates; and C-arylation of diethyl malonate, ethyl cyanoacetate, and malononitrile with aryl iodides under mild conditions (50-82 degrees C). The new method reported here is the most successful to date with regard to Ullmann-type arylation of some of these nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri-Jean Cristau
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, UMR CNRS 5076 et Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 rue de L'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier 5, France.
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Wendt MD, Rockway TW, Geyer A, McClellan W, Weitzberg M, Zhao X, Mantei R, Nienaber VL, Stewart K, Klinghofer V, Giranda VL. Identification of Novel Binding Interactions in the Development of Potent, Selective 2-Naphthamidine Inhibitors of Urokinase. Synthesis, Structural Analysis, and SAR of N-Phenyl Amide 6-Substitution. J Med Chem 2003; 47:303-24. [PMID: 14711304 DOI: 10.1021/jm0300072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and assessment of biological activity of 6-substituted 2-naphthamidine inhibitors of the serine protease urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA, or urokinase) is described. 2-Naphthamidine was chosen as a starting point based on synthetic considerations and on modeling of substituent vectors. Phenyl amides at the 6-position were found to improve binding; replacement of the amide with other two-atom linkers proved ineffective. The phenyl group itself is situated near the S1' subsite; substitutions off of the phenyl group accessed S1' and other distant binding regions. Three new points of interaction were defined and explored through ring substitution. A solvent-exposed salt bridge with the Asp60A carboxylate was formed using a 4-alkylamino group, improving affinity to K(i) = 40 nM. Inhibitors also accessed two hydrophobic regions. One interaction is characterized by a tight hydrophobic fit made with a small dimple largely defined by His57 and His99; a weaker, less specific interaction involves alkyl groups reaching into the broad prime-side protein binding region near Val41 and the Cys42-Cys58 disulfide, displacing water molecules and leading to small gains in activity. Many inhibitors accessed two of these three regions. Affinities range as low as K(i) = 6 nM, and many compounds had K(i) < 100 nM, while moderate to excellent selectivity was gained versus four of five members of a panel of relevant serine proteases. Also, some selectivity against trypsin was generated via the interaction with Asp60A. X-ray structures of many of these compounds were used to inform our inhibitor design and to increase our understanding of key interactions. In combination with our exploration of 8-substitution patterns, we have identified a number of novel binding interactions for uPA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Wendt
- Cancer Research and Structural Biology, Global Pharmaceutical R & D, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6101, USA.
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Heer JP, Harling JD, Thompson M. PREPARATION OF 1,7-DISUBSTITUTED-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLINES. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2002. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120005939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Locher C. CONVENIENT PREPARATION OF SOMEN-SUBSTITUTED 1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLINES LACKING ELECTRON-DONATING SUBSTITUENTS. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2001. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-100105660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cristau HJ, Vogel R, Taillefer* M, Gadras A. A novel and efficient arylation of malononitrile catalyzed by nickel(0) complexes. Tetrahedron Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)01500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Urban FJ, Breitenbach R. An Efficient Synthesis Of 6-Substituted 2-(2H-[1,2,4]Triazol-3-Ylmethyl)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-Isoquinolines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1999. [DOI: 10.1080/00397919908085813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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