1
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Hann JL, Lyall CL, Kociok-Köhn G, Faverio C, Pantoş GD, Lewis SE. Unusual Regio- and Chemoselectivity in Oxidation of Pyrroles and Indoles Enabled by a Thianthrenium Salt Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405057. [PMID: 38830180 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
A dearomative oxidation of pyrroles to Δ3-pyrrol-2-ones is described, which employs a sulfoxide as oxidant, in conjunction with a carboxylic acid anhydride and a Brønsted acid additive. 3-substituted pyrroles undergo regioselective oxidation to give the product isomer in which oxygen has been introduced at the more hindered position. Regioselectivity is rationalized by a proposed mechanism that proceeds by initial thianthrenium introduction at the less-hindered pyrrole α-position, followed by distal attack of an oxygen nucleophile and subsequent elimination of thianthrene. The same reaction conditions are also able to effect a chemoselective oxidation of indoles to indolin-3-ones and additionally of indolin-3-ones to 2-hydroxyindolin-3-ones. Here again, the regio- and chemoselectivities are rationalized through the intermediacy of a thianthrenium salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie L Hann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine L Lyall
- Research Facilities, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Chiara Faverio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - G Dan Pantoş
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon E Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
- Institute of Sustainability and Climate Change, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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2
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Liu CC, Huo CX, Zhai C, Zheng XJ, Xiong DC, Ye XS. Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of Pentamannose-Based HIV-1 Vaccine Candidates. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:807-820. [PMID: 35470665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dense glycosylation and the trimeric conformation of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) envelope protein limit the accessibility of some cellular glycan processing enzymes and end up with high-mannose-type N-linked glycans on the envelope spike, among which the Man5GlcNAc2 structure occupies a certain proportion. The Man5GlcNAc2 glycan composes the binding sites of some potent broadly neutralizing antibodies, and some lectins that can bind Man5GlcNAc2 show HIV-neutralizing activity. Therefore, Man5GlcNAc2 is a potential target for HIV-1 vaccine development. Herein, a highly convergent and effective strategy was developed for the synthesis of Man5 and its monofluoro-modified, trifluoro-modified, and S-linked analogues. We coupled these haptens to carrier protein CRM197 and evaluated the immunogenicity of the glycoconjugates in mice. The serological assays showed that the native Man5 conjugates failed to induce Man5-specific antibodies in vivo, while the modified analogue conjugates induced stronger antibody responses. However, these antibodies could not bind the native gp120 antigen. These results demonstrated that the immune tolerance mechanism suppressed the immune responses to Man5-related structures and the conformation of glycan epitopes on the synthesized glycoconjugates was distinct from that of native glycan epitopes on gp120.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chang-Xin Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Canjia Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiu-Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - De-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
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3
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Modern Approaches to Synthetic Design of Chiral α-Tertiary Amines Based on Trifluoromethylcontaining Ketimines: A Review. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-022-09710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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Higuchi K, Tayu M. The Interrupted Pummerer Reaction: Design of Sulfoxides and Their Utility in Organic Synthesis. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-20-935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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5
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Li X, Carter RG. Total Syntheses of Aromatic Abietane Diterpenoids Utilizing Advances in the Pummerer Rearrangement. Org Lett 2018; 20:5546-5549. [PMID: 30199260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first total syntheses of triptobenzene T, vitexifolin C, 4- epi-triptobenzene L, triptobenzene L, and nepetaefolin F have been accomplished through an enantioselective, common intermediate approach and have enabled the confirmation and/or establishment of the absolute stereochemistry of each natural product synthesized. Application of three new and/or underutilized Pummerer reaction pathways proved critical to the synthetic work. A proline sulfonamide-catalyzed Yamada-Otani reaction was used to access the highly functionalized cyclohexane A ring core, including the C10 all-carbon quaternary stereocenter. Additionally, the importance of the A ring unsaturation for controlling the stereoselectivity during the C4 alkylation is showcased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Rich G Carter
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
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6
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Fustero S, Simón-Fuentes A, Barrio P, Haufe G. Olefin Metathesis Reactions with Fluorinated Substrates, Catalysts, and Solvents. Chem Rev 2014; 115:871-930. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santos Fustero
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
- Laboratorio
de Moléculas Orgánicas, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46012 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Barrio
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Günter Haufe
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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7
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Aceña JL, Sorochinsky AE, Moriwaki H, Sato T, Soloshonok VA. Synthesis of fluorine-containing α-amino acids in enantiomerically pure form via homologation of Ni(II) complexes of glycine and alanine Schiff bases. J Fluor Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Katagiri T, Katayama Y, Taeda M, Ohshima T, Iguchi N, Uneyama K. Preparation of Optically Pure α-Trifluoromethyl-α-amino Acids from N-Tosyl-2-trifluoromethyl-2-alkyloxycarbonyl Aziridine. J Org Chem 2011; 76:9305-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201554g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshimasa Katagiri
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka 3-1-1 Kita-ku, Okayama,
700-8530, Japan
| | - Yousuke Katayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka 3-1-1 Kita-ku, Okayama,
700-8530, Japan
| | - Mayuko Taeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka 3-1-1 Kita-ku, Okayama,
700-8530, Japan
| | - Takanori Ohshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka 3-1-1 Kita-ku, Okayama,
700-8530, Japan
| | - Naomi Iguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka 3-1-1 Kita-ku, Okayama,
700-8530, Japan
| | - Kenji Uneyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka 3-1-1 Kita-ku, Okayama,
700-8530, Japan
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9
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Liu J, Hu J. Highly diastereoselective synthesis of α-difluoromethyl amines from N-tert-butylsulfinyl ketimines and difluoromethyl phenyl sulfone. Chemistry 2010; 16:11443-54. [PMID: 20725920 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The first highly efficient and stereoselective difluoromethylation of structurally diverse N-tert-butylsulfinyl ketimines has been achieved with an in situ generated PhSO(2)CF(2)(-) anion, which provides a powerful synthetic method for the preparation of a variety of structurally diverse homochiral α-difluoromethyl tertiary carbinamines, including α-difluoromethyl allylic amines and α-difluoromethyl propargylamines. The stereocontrol mode of the present diastereoselective difluoromethylation of ketimines was found to be different from that of other known fluoroalkylations of N-tert-butylsulfinyl aldimines, which suggests that a cyclic six-membered transition state may be involved in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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10
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Enders D, Gottfried K, Raabe G. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Strecker Synthesis of α-Quaternary α-Trifluoromethyl Amino Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Nie J, Guo HC, Cahard D, Ma JA. Asymmetric construction of stereogenic carbon centers featuring a trifluoromethyl group from prochiral trifluoromethylated substrates. Chem Rev 2010; 111:455-529. [PMID: 21117644 DOI: 10.1021/cr100166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 876] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Nie
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, China
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12
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Sorochinsky AE, Soloshonok VA. Asymmetric synthesis of fluorine-containing amines, amino alcohols, α- and β-amino acids mediated by chiral sulfinyl group. J Fluor Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2009.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Ferrer C, Riera A, Verdaguer X. Sulfinylmethyl Phosphines as Chiral Ligands in the Intermolecular Pauson−Khand Reaction. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900438v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Ferrer
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA-PCB), Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), and Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/Baldiri Reixac 10, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA-PCB), Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), and Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/Baldiri Reixac 10, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Verdaguer
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA-PCB), Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), and Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/Baldiri Reixac 10, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Smits R, Cadicamo CD, Burger K, Koksch B. Synthetic strategies to α-trifluoromethyl and α-difluoromethyl substituted α-amino acids. Chem Soc Rev 2008; 37:1727-39. [DOI: 10.1039/b800310f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Fustero S, Fernández B, Sanz-Cervera JF, Mateu N, Mosulén S, Carbajo RJ, Pineda-Lucena A, Ramírez de Arellano C. Asymmetric Synthesis of Fluorinated Amino Macrolactones through Ring-Closing Metathesis. J Org Chem 2007; 72:8716-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jo701484w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, and Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas and Laboratorio de Biología Estructural, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46013 Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, and Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas and Laboratorio de Biología Estructural, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46013 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan F. Sanz-Cervera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, and Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas and Laboratorio de Biología Estructural, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46013 Valencia, Spain
| | - Natalia Mateu
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, and Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas and Laboratorio de Biología Estructural, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46013 Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Mosulén
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, and Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas and Laboratorio de Biología Estructural, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46013 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rodrigo J. Carbajo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, and Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas and Laboratorio de Biología Estructural, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46013 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Pineda-Lucena
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, and Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas and Laboratorio de Biología Estructural, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46013 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ramírez de Arellano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, and Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas and Laboratorio de Biología Estructural, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46013 Valencia, Spain
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16
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Guo Y, Fujiwara K, Amii H, Uneyama K. Selective Defluorination Approach to N-Cbz-3,3-difluoro-2-difluoromethylenepyrrolidine and Its Application to 3,3-Difluoroproline Dipeptide Synthesis. J Org Chem 2007; 72:8523-6. [PMID: 17914839 DOI: 10.1021/jo070719q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mg-promoted defluorination of N-(p-methoxyphenyl)bis(trifluoromethyl)imine 1 gave perfluoroenamine 2, which was readily transformed to N-Cbz-2-trifluoromethyl-3,3-difluoropyrrolidine 10. Chemoselective defluorination from the trifluoromethyl group of 10 by LHMDS-promoted dehydrofluorination in THF provided 3,3-difluoro-2-difluoromethylenepyrrolidine 11. The product 11 was converted to 3,3-difluoroproline dipeptides 16 upon treatment with aminoesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, 3-3-1 Tsushima-naka, Okayama, 700-8530 Japan
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17
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Sánchez-Obregón R, Salgado F, Ortiz B, Díaz E, Yuste F, Walls F, García Ruano JL. Enantioselective synthesis of α-hydroxy-β-amino acids from α-amino acids mediated by sulfoxides. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Fustero S, Piera J, Sanz-Cervera JF, Bello P, Mateu N. Synthesis of a new fluorinated oxazolidinone and its reactivity as a chiral auxiliary in Aldol reactions. J Fluor Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2007.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Cativiela C, Díaz-de-Villegas MD. Recent progress on the stereoselective synthesis of acyclic quaternary α-amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Wang H, Zhao X, Li Y, Lu L. Solvent-controlled asymmetric Strecker reaction: stereoselective synthesis of alpha-trifluoromethylated alpha-amino acids. Org Lett 2006; 8:1379-81. [PMID: 16562896 DOI: 10.1021/ol0601186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Stereoselective approaches to alpha-trifluoromethylated alpha-amino acids (alpha-Tfm AAs) have been developed. The stereoconfigurations of the resulting alpha-Tfm AA precursors were well controlled by using different solvents. The optically active (S)-2-amino-2-phenyl-1,1,1-trifluoropropanoic acid was synthesized by this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, PRC
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21
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Nagao Y, Miyamoto S, Miyamoto M, Takeshige H, Hayashi K, Sano S, Shiro M, Yamaguchi K, Sei Y. Highly Stereoselective Asymmetric Pummerer Reactions That Incorporate Intermolecular and Intramolecular Nonbonded S···O Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:9722-9. [PMID: 16866527 DOI: 10.1021/ja056649r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New chiral sulfoxides (R(S),S)-3, (S(S),S)-3, (R(S),S)-4, and (S(S),S)-4 and known chiral sulfoxides (R(S))-5, (R(S))-6, and (R(S))-7 were synthesized, and the stereochemistry of the new sulfoxides (R(S),S)-3 and (R(S),S)-4 was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. In their crystallographic structures, the intramolecular nonbonded S...O close contacts were recognized. Analyses of several sulfoxide complexes including rac-11 with N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in a MeOH solution utilizing cold-spray ionization mass spectrometry provided, for the first time, direct information for intermolecular nonbonded S...O interactions between sulfoxides and amide (or lactam) in a solution. Highly diastereoselective and enantioselective Pummerer reactions based on the concept of intermolecular and intramolecular nonbonded S...O interactions were performed by treatment of several chiral sulfoxides (R(S), S)-3, (S(S), S)-3, (R(S), S)-4, (S(S), S)-4, (R(S))-5, (R(S))-6, and (R(S))-7 with acetic anhydride and trimethylsilyl triflate (TMSOTf) in DMAC, NMP, N,N-dimethylformamide, and N-formylpiperidine. Mechanistic studies on these facile stereoselective Pummerer reactions revealed the necessity for the amide/TMSOTf complex, such as 26 or 27, to be an efficient activation reagent for Ac(2)O and a trapping reagent for the released acetate ion, and that DMAC and NMP had a positive effect on this highly stereoselective chiral transfer reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimitsu Nagao
- Contribution from the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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22
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23
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Lauzon C, Charette AB. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of α,α,α-Trifluoromethylamines by the Copper-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Addition of Diorganozinc Reagents to Imines. Org Lett 2006; 8:2743-5. [PMID: 16774246 DOI: 10.1021/ol0607847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A copper-catalyzed asymmetric addition of diorganozinc reagents to N-phosphinoylimines has been developed for the synthesis of chiral alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoromethylamines. The trifluoromethyl ketimines, generated in situ from the corresponding hemiaminals, led to the chiral amides in high yields (71-89%) and excellent enantiocontrol (91-99% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lauzon
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Station Downtown, Québec, Canada
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24
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Molteni M, Pesenti C, Sani M, Volonterio A, Zanda M. Fluorinated peptidomimetics: synthesis, conformational and biological features. J Fluor Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2004.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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26
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Synthesis of thiosaccharides employing the Pummerer rearrangement of tetrahydrothiopyran oxides. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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27
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García Ruano JL, Alemán J, del Prado M, Fernández I. Stereoselective Addition of α-Sulfinyl Carbanions toN-p-tolylsulfinylketimines: Synthesis of Optically Pure 1,2,2‘-Trialkyl-2-aminoethanols. J Org Chem 2004; 69:4454-63. [PMID: 15202901 DOI: 10.1021/jo049666s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of lithium carbanions derived from both enantiomers of methyl (1) and ethyl p-tolyl sulfoxide (2) with (S)-N-arylsulfinylketimines 3 and 4 took place in a highly stereoselective manner and good isolated yields. The configuration of the carbon bonded to nitrogen relies exclusively on the N-sulfinylimine configuration. When ethyl p-tolyl sulfoxide (2) is use as nucleophile, two chiral centers are created simultaneously, where the configuration of the carbon bonded to the sulfur is mainly controlled by 2. The asymmetric induction increases with the temperature, being total at room temperature in the case of the matched pair of reactants. A non-oxidative Pummerer reaction on the obtained aminosulfoxides allows a straightforward synthesis of optically pure 1,2-ethanolamines with one or two chiral centers, including amino alcohols with a bulky quaternary carbon bonded to the amine group.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L García Ruano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Zhou H, Schmidt DMZ, Gerlt JA, van der Donk WA. Chemical and enzymatic synthesis of fluorinated-dehydroalanine-containing peptides. Chembiochem 2004; 4:1206-15. [PMID: 14613113 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200300654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Michael acceptors have long been recognized as reactive functionalities that may link a biologically active molecule to its cellular target. 1,2-Dehydro amino acids are potential Michael acceptors present in a large number of natural products, but their reactivity is modulated by the deactivating nature of the alpha-amino group engaged in an amide bond. We describe here the preparation of 3-fluoro-1,2-dehydroalanine moieties within peptides that significantly enhance the reactivity of the Michael acceptor. Two different routes were designed to access these compounds, one relying on chemical means to introduce the desired functionality and the second taking advantage of a peptide epimerase. In the chemical approach, the fluoro-Pummerer reaction of cysteine derivatives afforded 3-fluorocysteine residues that were oxidized to the corresponding sulfoxides, followed by thermolytic elimination to provide the desired 3-fluorodehydroalanines. The mechanism of the fluoro-Pummerer reaction was investigated and several possible pathways were ruled out. The enzymatic approach utilized the dipeptide epimerase YcjG from Escherichia coli. Difluorinated alanine was incorporated at the C terminus of a dipeptide by chemical means. The resulting peptide proved to be a substrate for YcjG, which catalyzed fluoride elimination to provide the 3-fluorodehydroalanine-containing peptide. Mechanistic investigations showed that fluoride elimination occurred faster than epimerization and at a rate close to that of epimerization of Ala-Ala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Bur SK, Padwa A. The Pummerer Reaction: Methodology and Strategy for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds. Chem Rev 2004; 104:2401-32. [PMID: 15137795 DOI: 10.1021/cr020090l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott K Bur
- Gustavus Adolphus College, 800 West College Avenue, St. Peter, Minnesota 56082, USA
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Matsuda H, Fujita J, Morii Y, Hashimoto M, Okuno T, Hashimoto K. Pummerer rearrangement of 1-deoxy-5-thioglucopyranose oxides; novel synthesis of 5-thioglucopyranose derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)00842-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Toniolo C, Crisma M, Formaggio F, Peggion C. Control of peptide conformation by the Thorpe-Ingold effect (C alpha-tetrasubstitution). Biopolymers 2002; 60:396-419. [PMID: 12209474 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0282(2001)60:6<396::aid-bip10184>3.0.co;2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 580] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The preferred conformations of peptides heavily based on the currently extensively exploited achiral and chiral alpha-amino acids with a quaternary alpha-carbon atom, as determined by conformational energy computations, crystal-state (x-ray diffraction) analyses, and solution ((1)H-NMR and spectroscopic) investigations, are reviewed. It is concluded that 3(10)/alpha-helical structures and the fully extended (C(5)) conformation are preferentially adopted by peptide sequences characterized by this family of amino acids, depending upon overall bulkiness and nature (e.g., whether acyclic or C(alpha) (i) <--> C(alpha) (i) cyclized) of their side chains. The intriguing relationship between alpha-carbon chirality and bend/helix handedness is also illustrated. gamma-Bends and semiextended conformations are rarely observed. Formation of beta-sheet structures is prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Toniolo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Padova, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Fustero S, Navarro A, Pina B, Soler JG, Bartolomé A, Asensio A, Simón A, Bravo P, Fronza G, Volonterio A, Zanda M. Enantioselective synthesis of fluorinated alpha-amino acids and derivatives in combination with ring-closing metathesis: intramolecular pi-stacking interactions as a source of stereocontrol. Org Lett 2001; 3:2621-4. [PMID: 11506593 DOI: 10.1021/ol016087q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text]. Hydride reduction of C=N bonds stereocontrolled by intramolecular pi-stacking interactions of 1-naphthylsulfinyl and N-aryl groups, nonoxidative Pummerer rearrangement, and ring-closing metathesis are efficiently combined in a highly stereoselective entry to enantiomerically pure cyclic and acyclic fluorinated beta-amino alcohols and alpha-amino acid derivatives, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Pesenti C, Bravo P, Corradi E, Frigerio M, Meille SV, Panzeri W, Viani F, Zanda M. Synthesis of (+)- and (-)-statine via chiral sulfoxide chemistry. J Org Chem 2001; 66:5637-40. [PMID: 11485499 DOI: 10.1021/jo010383z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Pesenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica del Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
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Pesenti C, Arnone A, Bellosta S, Bravo P, Canavesi M, Corradi E, Frigerio M, Meille SV, Monetti M, Panzeri W, Viani F, Venturini R, Zanda M. Total synthesis of a pepstatin analog incorporating two trifluoromethyl hydroxymethylene isosteres (Tfm-GABOB) and evaluation of Tfm-GABOB containing peptides as inhibitors of HIV-1 protease and MMP-9. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Volonterio A, Bravo P, Pesenti C, Zanda M. The ‘non-oxidative’ chloro-Pummerer reaction: a highly stereoselective entry to β-chloro amines and aziridines. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)00651-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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