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Ontivero MC, Kaufman TS, Cortés I, Bracca ABJ. Eco-friendly methoximation of aromatic aldehydes and ketones using MnCl 2.4H 2O as an easily accessible and efficient catalyst. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210142. [PMID: 34350014 PMCID: PMC8316819 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Methoximes are important as a class of intermediates and products, among fine chemicals and specialties. The development of a new, facile and efficient method for their synthesis is reported. The methoximes were properly accessed from the corresponding aromatic aldehydes and ketones in good to excellent yields, under mild conditions, employing the inexpensive and environmentally friendly MnCl2.4H2O as a catalyst (at low loading and without the addition of ligand), in EtOH at 50°C. The scope of the process was systematically assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina C. Ontivero
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Teodoro S. Kaufman
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Iván Cortés
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andrea B. J. Bracca
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
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2
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Salahi F, Purohit V, Ferraudi G, Stauffacher C, Wiest O, Helquist P. pHP-Tethered N-Acyl Carbamate: A Photocage for Nicotinamide. Org Lett 2018; 20:2547-2550. [PMID: 29652162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new photocaged nicotinamide having an N-acyl carbamate linker and a p-hydroxyphenacyl (pHP) chromophore is described. The photophysical and photochemical studies showed an absorption maximum at λ = 330 nm and a quantum yield for release of 11% that are dependent upon both pH and solvent. While the acyl carbamate releases nicotinamide efficiently, a simpler amide linker was inert to photocleavage. This photocaged nicotinamide has significant advantages with respect to quantum yield, absorbance wavelength, rate of release, and solubility that make it the first practical example of a photocaged amide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Salahi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| | - Vatsal Purohit
- Department of Biological Sciences , Purdue University , 915 West State Street , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Guillermo Ferraudi
- Notre Dame Radiation Research Laboratory , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| | - Cynthia Stauffacher
- Department of Biological Sciences , Purdue University , 915 West State Street , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Olaf Wiest
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States.,Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Paul Helquist
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
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3
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Kammel R, Tarabová D, Brož B, Hladíková V, Hanusek J. Formation of 3-[amino(aryl)-methylidene]-1,3-dihydro-2 H -indol-2-ones involving ring transformation of 2-aryl-5-(2-aminophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1,3-thiazoles. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kim Y, Miyashita M, Miyagawa H. Photocontrol of Elicitor Activity of PIP-1 to Investigate Temporal Factors Involved in Phytoalexin Biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:5894-901. [PMID: 26047371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The peptide elicitor PIP-1 can induce various immune responses in tobacco cells. Previously, we showed that types of responses induced by PIP-1 are different depending on its stimulation periods; short-term stimulation induces weak responses, whereas long-term stimulation leads to strong responses including production of the phytoalexin capsidiol. However, key components that directly regulate the initiation of capsidiol biosynthesis in response to continuous stimulation with PIP-1 remain unclear. In this study, we designed a photocleavable PIP-1 analog containing 3-amino-3-(2-nitrophenyl)propionic acid as a photocleavable residue. The activity of the analog can be "switched off" using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation without undesired side effects. This analog induced a significant level of capsidiol production unless UV-irradiated, whereas no capsidiol production was observed when tobacco cells were UV-irradiated 1 h after treatment. Using this analog, we found that the elicitor-inducible 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity is regulated based on the duration of the stimulation with PIP-1, which could be associated with the initiation of capsidiol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghyun Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miyashita
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hisashi Miyagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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5
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Zhang W, Lou S, Liu Y, Xu Z. Palladium-Catalyzed Chelation-Assisted Aromatic C–H Nitration: Regiospecific Synthesis of Nitroarenes Free from the Effect of the Orientation Rules. J Org Chem 2013; 78:5932-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400594j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base
of Green Chemistry-Synthesis
Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaojie Lou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base
of Green Chemistry-Synthesis
Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base
of Green Chemistry-Synthesis
Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base
of Green Chemistry-Synthesis
Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Salerno CP, Cleaves HJ. A Simple Synthesis of Photolabile α‐Methyl Nitrobenzyl Compounds. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2011. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120039491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles P. Salerno
- a The Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD , 9500 Gilman Drive, Svedrup Hall, La Jolla, California, 92093‐0212, USA
| | - Henderson J. Cleaves
- a The Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD , 9500 Gilman Drive, Svedrup Hall, La Jolla, California, 92093‐0212, USA
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Lambry JC, Beaumont E, Tarus B, Blanchard-Desce M, Slama-Schwok A. Selective probing of a NADPH site controlled light-induced enzymatic catalysis. J Mol Recognit 2010; 23:379-88. [PMID: 20029835 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Achieving molecular recognition of NADPH binding sites is a compelling strategy to control many redox biological processes. The NADPH sites recognize the ubiquitous NADPH cofactor via highly conserved binding interactions, despite differences in the regulation of the hydride transfer in redox active proteins. We recently developed a photoactive NADPH substitute, called nanotrigger NT synchronizing the initiation of enzymatic catalysis of the endothelial NO-synthase (eNOS) with a laser pulse. Spatial and temporal control of enzymatic activity by such a designed light-driven activator would benefit from achieving molecular selectivity, i.e. activation of a single NADPH-mediated enzyme.In this work, we probe the ability of NT to discriminate between two NADPH sites with light. The selected NADPH sites belong to dihydrofolate reductase dihydrofolate reductase enzyme (DHFR) and endothelial NO-synthase (eNOS). Ultrafast kinetics showed that NT could not activate DHFR catalysis with a laser pulse in contrast with the observed trigger of eNOS catalysis leading to NO formation. Homology modelling, molecular dynamics simulations showed that NT discriminated between the two NADPH sites by different donor to acceptor distances and by local steric effects hindering light activation of DHFR catalysis. The data suggested that the narrow NADPH site required a tight fit of the nanotrigger at a suitable distance/angle to the electron acceptor for a specific activation of the catalysis. The ability of the nanotrigger to activate eNOS combined with a low reactivity in unfavourable NADPH sites makes NT a highly promising tool for targeting eNOS in endothelial cells with a laser pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Lambry
- Unité INSERM 696, Laboratory for Optics & Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
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Lehmann F, Koolmeister T, Odell LR, Scobie M. A Versatile New Synthetic Route to 1N-Hydroxyindazoles. Org Lett 2009; 11:5078-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ol902085k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Lehmann
- Biovitrum AB, Discovery Research, 112 76 Stockholm, Sweden and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tobias Koolmeister
- Biovitrum AB, Discovery Research, 112 76 Stockholm, Sweden and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luke R. Odell
- Biovitrum AB, Discovery Research, 112 76 Stockholm, Sweden and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Scobie
- Biovitrum AB, Discovery Research, 112 76 Stockholm, Sweden and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
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Fowler SA, Luechapanichkul R, Blackwell HE. Synthesis and characterization of nitroaromatic peptoids: fine tuning peptoid secondary structure through monomer position and functionality. J Org Chem 2009; 74:1440-9. [PMID: 19159244 PMCID: PMC5958603 DOI: 10.1021/jo8023363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
N-substituted glycine oligomers, or peptoids, have emerged as an important class of foldamers for the study of biomolecular interactions and for potential use as therapeutic agents. However, the design of peptoids with well-defined conformations a priori remains a formidable challenge. New approaches are required to address this problem, and the systematic study of the role of individual monomer units in the global peptoid folding process represents one strategy. Here, we report our efforts toward this approach through the design, synthesis, and characterization of peptoids containing nitroaromatic monomer units. This work required the synthesis of a new chiral amine building block, (S)-1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethanamine (s2ne), which could be readily installed into peptoids using standard solid-phase peptoid synthesis techniques. We designed a series of peptoid nonamers that allowed us to probe the effects of this relatively electron-deficient and sterically encumbered alpha-chiral side chain on peptoid structure, namely, the peptoid threaded loop and helix. Circular dichroism spectroscopy of the peptoids revealed that the nitroaromatic monomer has a significant effect on peptoid secondary structure. Specifically, the threaded loop structure was disrupted in a nonamer containing alternating N-(S)-1-phenylethylglycine (Nspe) and Ns2ne monomers, and the major conformation was helical instead. Indeed, placement of a single Ns2ne at the N-terminal position of (Nspe)(9) resulted in a destabilized form of the threaded loop structure relative to the homononamer (Nspe)(9). Conversely, we observed that incorporation of N-(S)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)ethylglycine (Nsnp, a p-nitro monomer) at the N-terminal position stabilized the threaded loop structure relative to (Nspe)(9). Additional experiments revealed that nitroaromatic side chains can influence peptoid nonamer folding by modulating the strength of key intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the peptoid threaded loop structure. Steric interactions were also implicated for the Ns2ne monomer. Overall, this study provides further evidence that aromatic side-chain structure, even if perturbed in a single monomer unit, can strongly influence local peptoid backbone conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, USA
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Nakayama K, Tachikawa T, Majima T. Spatial control of protein binding on lipid bimembrane using photoeliminative linker. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:6425-6428. [PMID: 18507424 DOI: 10.1021/la801028m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Protein adsorption and dissociation on cell membrane surfaces is a topic of important study to reveal biological processes including signal transduction and protein trafficking. We demonstrated here the establishment of a mimic model system for the spatial control of protein adsorption/elimination on a lipid bimembrane using a photochemical technique. The novel photoeliminative linker that we synthesized here consists of three distinct components: a substrate (biotin), a photoeliminative group (4-(4-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)butanoic acid), and a lipid bimembrane-adsorbent group (farnesyl). The photoeliminative linker was inserted on the entire surface of the lipid bimembrane and two-dimensionally eliminated by spatial UV irradiation onto the membrane to create a biotin pattern. A target protein, streptavidin was selectively immobilized on the patterned biotin, although it was almost not attached on the nonirradiated region. The streptavidin array was selectively dissociated by UV irradiation onto the entire membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Nakayama
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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Abstract
Biologically active compounds which are light-responsive offer experimental possibilities which are otherwise very difficult to achieve. Since light can be manipulated very precisely, for example, with lasers and microscopes rapid jumps in concentration of the active form of molecules are possible with exact control of the area, time, and dosage. The development of such strategies started in the 1970s. This review summarizes new developments of the last five years and deals with "small molecules", proteins, and nucleic acids which can either be irreversibly activated with light (these compounds are referred to as "caged compounds") or reversibly switched between an active and an inactive state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Mayer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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12
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Beaumont E, Lambry JC, Gautier C, Robin AC, Gmouh S, Berka V, Tsai AL, Blanchard-Desce M, Slama-Schwok A. Synchronous photoinitiation of endothelial NO synthase activity by a nanotrigger targeted at its NADPH site. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:2178-86. [PMID: 17263536 DOI: 10.1021/ja067543e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We designed a new nanotrigger to synchronize and monitor an enzymatic activity interacting specifically with the conserved NADPH binding site. The nanotrigger (NT) combines a docking moiety targeting the NADPH site and a chromophore moiety responsive to light excitation for efficient electron transfer to the protein. Specific binding of the nanotrigger to the reductase domain of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOSred) was demonstrated by competition between NADPH and the nanotrigger on the reduction of eNOSred flavin. A micromolar Ki was estimated. We had monitored initiation of eNOSred activity by ultrafast transient spectroscopy. The transient absorption spectrum recorded at 250 ps fits the expected sum of the reduced and oxidized species, independently obtained by other chemical methods, in agreement with a photoinduced electron transfer from the excited nanotrigger to the flavin moiety of eNOSred. The rate of electron transfer from the excited state of the nanotrigger (NT*) to the protein is estimated to be k(ET) = (7 +/- 2) x 10(9) s(-1) using the decay of oxidized eNOSred-bound nanotrigger compared against prereduced eNOSred or glucose 6-P dehydrogenase as controls. This fast electron transfer bypasses the slow hydride transfer to initiate NOS catalysis as shown by ultrafast kinetics using the eNOSred mutated in the regulatory F1160 residue. The selective targeting of the nanotrigger to NADPH sites should allow controlled initiation of the enzymatic activity of numerous proteins containing an NADPH site.
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New and efficient method for esterification of carboxylic acids with simple primary and secondary alcohols using cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN). Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)02578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Caged compounds have covalently attached groups that are rapidly cleaved upon exposure to UV light. Attachment of photolabile groups makes the molecule inert until photolysis releases it in its bioactive form. When caged compounds are applied to the experimental system in advance, the concentration jump of biologically active substances can be brought about immediately in a limited area upon irradiation with pulsed and focused UV light. Therefore, caged compounds of low molecular weight, which are commercially available, have been used effectively to study the mechanisms of temporal biological phenomena, such as muscle contraction, intracellular signaling, and neurotransmission. Because many proteins and peptides play important roles in these phenomena, their caged derivatives should serve as powerful tools to clarify complex biological systems. To prepare caged proteins and peptides, several groups have improved upon a chemical modification method, as well as developed two new methods: (1) nonsense codon suppression and (2) solid-phase peptide synthesis. In this review, we summarize recent advances made in the design, preparation, and application of caged peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shigeri
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan.
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