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Saeedifard F, Chang YC, Kippelen B, Marder SR, Barlow S. Thermal Insolubilization of Electrically n-Doped Films Achieved Using 7-Alkoxy-Benzocyclobutene-Substituted Fullerene and Dopant Molecules. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:8094-8101. [PMID: 36170664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c05286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Insoluble electrically n-doped fullerene-containing films have been obtained by thermal annealing of a fullerene compound and a 1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole n-dopant moiety, both of which are functionalized with a 7-butoxybenzocyclobutene group. The covalent tethering and electrical doping reactions are studied by mass spectrometry as well as electron paramagnetic resonance. Optical absorption spectra on BBCB-N-DMBI-H-doped BBCBP indicate films heated at 150 °C for 10 min are unaffected by immersion for 10 min in ortho-dichlorobenzene. Although films containing a 10 mol % loading of the dopant showed electrical conductivity values of 1.1 × 10-5 ± 3.4 × 10-7 S cm-1 prior to heating, the thermal insolubilization process led to values around two orders-of-magnitude lower. However, the thermal insolubilization also leads to immobilization of the dopant molecule and the corresponding cation, reducing their ability to diffuse into an adjacent layer of a stronger electron acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Saeedifard
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Yi-Chien Chang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Bernard Kippelen
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Seth R Marder
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.,Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Stephen Barlow
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
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2
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Kirner SV, Arteaga D, Henkel C, Margraf JT, Alegret N, Ohkubo K, Insuasty B, Ortiz A, Martín N, Echegoyen L, Fukuzumi S, Clark T, Guldi DM. On-off switch of charge-separated states of pyridine-vinylene-linked porphyrin-C 60 conjugates detected by EPR. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5994-6007. [PMID: 29449913 PMCID: PMC5669314 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02051d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and electronic properties of a new series of D-π-A conjugates consisting of free base (H2P) and zinc porphyrins (ZnP) as electron donors and a fullerene (C60) as electron acceptor, in which the two electroactive entities are covalently linked through pyridine-vinylene spacers of different lengths, are described. Electronic interactions in the ground state were characterized by electrochemical and absorption measurements, which were further supported with theoretical calculations. Most importantly, charge-transfer bands were observed in the absorption spectra, indicating a strong push-pull behavior. In the excited states, electronic interactions were detected by selective photoexcitation under steady-state conditions, by time-resolved fluorescence investigations, and by pump probe experiments on the femto-, pico-, and nanosecond time scales. Porphyrin fluorescence is quenched for the different D-π-A conjugates, from which we conclude that the deactivation mechanisms of the excited singlet states are based on photoinduced energy- and/or electron transfer processes between H2P/ZnP and C60, mediated through the molecular spacers. The fluorescence intensity decreases and the fluorescence lifetimes shorten as the spacer length decreases and as the spacer substitution changes. With the help of transient absorption spectroscopy, the formation of charge-separated states involving oxidized H2P/ZnP and reduced C60 was confirmed. Lifetimes of the corresponding charge-separated states, which ranged from ∼400 picoseconds to 165 nanoseconds, depend on the spacer length, the spacer substitution, and the solvent polarity. Interestingly, D-π-A conjugates containing the longest linkers did not necessarily exhibit the longest charge-separated state lifetimes. The distances between the electron donors and the acceptors were calculated by molecular modelling. The longest charge-separated state lifetime corresponded to the D-π-A conjugate with the longest electron donor-acceptor distance. Likewise, EPR measurements in frozen media revealed charge separated states in all the D-π-A conjugates investigated. A sharp peak with g values ∼2.000 was assigned to reduced C60, while a broader, less intense signal (g ∼ 2.003) was assigned to oxidized H2P/ZnP. On-off switching of the formation and decay of the charge-separated states was detected by EPR at 77 K by repeatedly turning the irradiation source on and off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina V Kirner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Danny Arteaga
- Departamento de Química , Facultad de Ciencias Naturales , Universidad del Valle , A.A. 25360 Cali , Colombia
| | - Christian Henkel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Johannes T Margraf
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Computer Chemistry Center , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Nägelsbachstr. 25 , 91052 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Nuria Alegret
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , 43007 , Tarragona , Spain
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science , Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , ALCA and SENTAN , Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
- Department of Bioinspired Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750 , Korea
| | - Braulio Insuasty
- Departamento de Química , Facultad de Ciencias Naturales , Universidad del Valle , A.A. 25360 Cali , Colombia
| | - Alejandro Ortiz
- Departamento de Química , Facultad de Ciencias Naturales , Universidad del Valle , A.A. 25360 Cali , Colombia
| | - Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Facultad de Química , Universidad Complutense 28040 , Madrid , Spain
| | - Luis Echegoyen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Texas at El Paso , El Paso , Texas 79968-0519 , USA
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science , Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , ALCA and SENTAN , Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
- Department of Bioinspired Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750 , Korea
- Faculty of Science and Technology , Meijo University and ALCA and SENTAN , Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Tempaku , Nagoya , Aichi 468-8502 , Japan
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Computer Chemistry Center , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Nägelsbachstr. 25 , 91052 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
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3
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Kundu K, Kattnig DR, Mladenova B, Grampp G, Das R. Electron Spin Relaxation of C60 Monoanion in Liquid Solution: Applicability of Kivelson–Orbach Mechanism. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:3200-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5126409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Kundu
- Tata Institute
of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha
Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Daniel R. Kattnig
- Physical
and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks
Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Boryana Mladenova
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/Z2, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Günter Grampp
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/Z2, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ranjan Das
- Tata Institute
of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha
Road, Mumbai 400005, India
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4
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Yano S, Naemura M, Toshimitsu A, Akiyama M, Ikeda A, Kikuchi JI, Shen X, Duan Q, Narumi A, Inoue M, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S. Efficient singlet oxygen generation from sugar pendant C60 derivatives for photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16605-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07353g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glc-pendant C60 compounds exhibited high photocytotoxicity against HeLa cells due to the more efficient singlet oxygen generation as compared with that of Glc-pendant azafulleroids.
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5
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Hitosugi S, Ohkubo K, Iizuka R, Kawashima Y, Nakamura K, Sato S, Kono H, Fukuzumi S, Isobe H. Photoinduced Electron Transfer in a Dynamic Supramolecular System with Curved π-Structures. Org Lett 2014; 16:3352-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501381x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunpei Hitosugi
- Department
of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, JST, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Iizuka
- Department
of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawashima
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, JST, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nakamura
- Department
of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Sota Sato
- Department
of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Advanced
Institute of Materials Research (AIMR) and JST ERATO Isobe Degenerate
π-Integration Project, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Kono
- Department
of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, JST, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Isobe
- Department
of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Advanced
Institute of Materials Research (AIMR) and JST ERATO Isobe Degenerate
π-Integration Project, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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6
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Konarev DV, Romanova NA, Panin RA, Goryunkov AA, Troyanov SI, Lyubovskaya RN. Magnetic coupling and optical properties of the S6-dodecakis(trifluoromethyl)fullerene radical anions in the layered salt (PPN(+))[C60(CF3)12(·-)]. Chemistry 2014; 20:5380-7. [PMID: 24668622 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Poly(trifluoromethyl)fullerene S6-C60(CF3)12 was reduced by sodium fluorenone ketyl in the presence of (PPN)Cl (PPN = bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium) to afford the salt (PPN)[C60(CF3)12] (1), which contains C60(CF3)12(·-) radical anions. In the crystal structure of 1, C60(CF3)12(·-) layers alternate with the PPN(+) cations. There are short F⋅⋅⋅F contacts between C60(CF3)12(·-) radical anions within the layers but no C⋅⋅⋅C contacts. DFT calculations revealed that the negative charge on C60(CF3)12(·-) is distributed mainly between sp(2) carbon and fluorine atoms, whereas spin density is localized mainly on the fullerene-cage sp(2) carbon atoms. IR and UV/Vis/NIR spectra in the solid state and solution showed characteristic changes relative to those of neutral S6-C60(CF3)12 due to the formation of radical anions. The solid-state electronic spectrum of 1 exhibits a single broad band at 738 nm attributed to C60(CF3)12(·-). Crystals of 1 show a narrow EPR signal with g = 2.0025 (ΔH = 0.45 mT) at 300 K. The temperature dependence of the integral intensity follows the Curie-Weiss law with a negative Weiss temperature of -11.8 K (30-300 K) indicating antiferromagnetic interaction of spins. This dependence was approximated by the Heisenberg model for one-dimensional chains of antiferromagnetically interacting spins with exchange interaction J/kB = -9.1 K. It was assumed that magnetic interaction between the C60(CF3)12(·-) spins in the layers is mediated by short F⋅⋅⋅F contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V Konarev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, 142432 (Russia), Fax: (+7) 496-522-18-52.
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7
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Konarev DV, Khasanov SS, Kornev AB, Faraonov MA, Troshin PA, Lyubovskaya RN. Molecular and ionic complexes of pyrrolidinofullerene bearing chelating 3-pyridyl units. Dalton Trans 2011; 41:791-8. [PMID: 22075578 DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11040c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular and ionic complexes of cis-2',5'-di(pyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidino[3',4':1,9](C(60)-I(h))[5,6]fullerene DP3FP with chlorobenzene (C(6)H(5)Cl), manganese(II) tetraphenylporphyrin (Mn(II)TPP) and tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene (TDAE) have been obtained for the first time. X-ray single crystal structure determination for the crystalline DP3FP·C(6)H(5)Cl (1) solvate proved unambiguously its molecular structure with the cis-arrangement of chelating 3-pyridyl groups. It has been demonstrated that DP3FP easily forms self-assembled photoactive complexes with metallated porphyrins. For example, the formation of a 1 : 1 complex between DP3FP and zinc (II) tetraphenylporphyrin (Zn(II)TPP) in cyclohexane solution (2) was evidenced using absorption spectroscopy. A successful X-ray single crystal structure determination was performed for a self-assembled triad composed of a DP3FP molecule linked with two Mn(II)TPP molecules in {DP3FP·(Mn(II)TPP)(2)}·(C(6)H(4)Cl(2))(3) (3). A strong organic donor TDAE reduces DP3FP to the radical anion state thus forming an ionic complex (TDAE˙(+))·(DP3FP˙(-))·(C(6)H(4)Cl(2))(1.6) (4). Optical, electronic and magnetic properties of 4 were investigated in detail. The performed studies strongly suggest that pyrrolidinofullerene DP3FP can be used as a building block in the design of various organic materials with advanced optoelectronic and/or magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V Konarev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russia.
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8
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Konarev DV, Khasanov SS, Otsuka A, Yamochi H, Saito G, Lyubovskaya RN. Magnetic properties and stability of negatively charged doubly bonded C1202− dimers. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20074g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Pozdnyakov A, Handge U, Konchits A, Altstädt V. Thermal decomposition study of poly(methyl methacrylate)/carbon nanofiller composites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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10
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Huerta E, Isla H, Pérez EM, Bo C, Martín N, Mendoza JD. Tripodal exTTF-CTV Hosts for Fullerenes. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:5351-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja1006993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Huerta
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain, and IMDEA-nanociencia, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Helena Isla
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain, and IMDEA-nanociencia, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio M. Pérez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain, and IMDEA-nanociencia, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain, and IMDEA-nanociencia, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazario Martín
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain, and IMDEA-nanociencia, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier de Mendoza
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain, and IMDEA-nanociencia, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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11
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Fukuzumi S. Roles of Metal Ions in Controlling Bioinspired Electron-Transfer Systems. Metal Ion-Coupled Electron Transfer. PROGRESS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470440124.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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12
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Wu W, Zhu H, Fan L, Yang S. Synthesis and Characterization of a Grapevine Nanostructure Consisting of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Covalently Attached [60]Fullerene Balls. Chemistry 2008; 14:5981-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Yanilkin VV, Nastapova NV, Morozov VI, Gubskaya VP, Sibgatullina FG, Berezhnaya LS, Nuretdinov IA. Competitive conversions of carbonyl-containing methanofullerenes induced by electron transfer. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193507020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Hasobe T, Saito K, Kamat PV, Troiani V, Qiu H, Solladié N, Kim KS, Park JK, Kim D, D'Souza F, Fukuzumi S. Organic solar cells. Supramolecular composites of porphyrins and fullerenes organized by polypeptide structures as light harvesters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b706678c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Ohkubo K, Iwata R, Yanagimoto T, Fukuzumi S. Enhanced photoinduced oligomerization of fullerene via radical coupling between fullerene radical cation and radical anion using 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:3139-41. [PMID: 17653367 DOI: 10.1039/b705289h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic oligomerization of fullerene in toluene-acetonitrile solution occurs efficiently via electron-transfer reactions with the photogenerated electron-transfer state of 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion, followed by the radical coupling reaction between fullerene radical cation and radical anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan
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16
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Thilgen C, Diederich F. Structural Aspects of Fullerene ChemistryA Journey through Fullerene Chirality. Chem Rev 2006; 106:5049-135. [PMID: 17165683 DOI: 10.1021/cr0505371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Thilgen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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17
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Zoleo A, Bellinazzi M, Prato M, Brustolon M, Maniero AL. Multifrequency EPR study and DFT calculations of a C60 bisadduct anion. Chem Phys Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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18
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Okamoto K, Hasobe T, Tkachenko NV, Lemmetyinen H, Kamat PV, Fukuzumi S. Drastic Difference in Lifetimes of the Charge-Separated State of the Formanilide−Anthraquinone Dyad versus the Ferrocene−Formanilide−Anthraquinone Triad and Their Photoelectrochemical Properties of the Composite Films with Fullerene Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:4662-70. [PMID: 16833807 DOI: 10.1021/jp045042e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A long-lived charge-separated (CS) state, which can be observed even at 900 mus after laser excitation, has been attained in the formanilide-anthraquinone dyad (FA-AQ) in dimethyl sulfoxide, whereas the CS lifetime is shortened significantly to 20 ps in the ferrocene-formanilide-anthraquinone triad (Fc-FA-AQ). Such a drastic decrease in the CS lifetime by the addition of a ferrocene moiety to the FA-AQ dyad is ascribed to a decrease in the driving force of back electron transfer and an increase in the reorganization energy of electron transfer despite the longer charge-separation distance. The FA-AQ dyad and the Fc-FA-AQ triad have been employed as components of photovoltaic cells, where composite molecular nanoclusters of the FA-AQ dyad or the Fc-FA-AQ triad with fullerene (C60) are assembled onto a SnO2 electrode using an electrophoretic method. The composite films of the Fc-FA-AQ triad exhibit 10 times smaller values of an incident photon-to-photocurrent efficiency (IPCE) as compared with those of the FA-AQ dyad in accordance with a drastic decrease of the CS lifetime by addition of a ferrocene moiety to the FA-AQ dyad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Okamoto
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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19
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Guldi DM, Imahori H, Tamaki K, Kashiwagi Y, Yamada H, Sakata Y, Fukuzumi S. A Molecular Tetrad Allowing Efficient Energy Storage for 1.6 s at 163 K. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp036382n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk M. Guldi
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihoga-oka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, and Department of Material and
| | - Hiroshi Imahori
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihoga-oka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, and Department of Material and
| | - Koichi Tamaki
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihoga-oka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, and Department of Material and
| | - Yukiyasu Kashiwagi
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihoga-oka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, and Department of Material and
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihoga-oka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, and Department of Material and
| | - Yoshiteru Sakata
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihoga-oka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, and Department of Material and
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihoga-oka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, and Department of Material and
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Dunsch L, Rapta P, Gromov A, Staško A. In situ ESR/UV–vis–NIR spectroelectrochemistry of C60 and its dimers C120, C120O and C120OS. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(03)00185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ohkubo K, Imahori H, Shao J, Ou Z, Kadish KM, Chen Y, Zheng G, Pandey RK, Fujitsuka M, Ito O, Fukuzumi S. Small Reorganization Energy of Intramolecular Electron Transfer in Fullerene-Based Dyads with Short Linkage. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026603+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fukuzumi S, Ohkubo K, Imahori H, Shao J, Ou Z, Zheng G, Chen Y, Pandey RK, Fujitsuka M, Ito O, Kadish KM. Photochemical and electrochemical properties of zinc chlorin-C60 dyad as compared to corresponding free-base chlorin-C60, free-base porphyrin-C60, and zinc porphyrin-C60 dyads. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:10676-83. [PMID: 11673999 DOI: 10.1021/ja015738a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The photochemical and electrochemical properties of four chlorin-C60 or porphyrin-C60 dyads having the same short spacer between the macrocycle and the fullerene are examined. In contrast with all the previous results on porphyrin-fullerene dyads, the photoexcitation of a zinc chlorin-C60 dyad results in an unusually long-lived radical ion pair which decays via first-order kinetics with a decay rate constant of 9.1 x 10(3) x s(-1). This value is 2-6 orders of magnitude smaller than values reported for all other porphyrin or chlorin donor-acceptor of the molecule dyad systems. The formation of radical cations of the donor part and the radical anion of the acceptor part was also confirmed by ESR measurements under photoirradiation at low temperature. The photoexcitation of other dyads (free-base chlorin-C60, zinc porphyrin-C60, and free-base porphyrin-C60 dyads) results in formation of the ion pairs which decay quickly to the triplet excited states of the chlorin or porphyrin moiety via the higher lying radical ion pair states as is expected from the redox potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Imahori H, Guldi DM, Tamaki K, Yoshida Y, Luo C, Sakata Y, Fukuzumi S. Charge separation in a novel artificial photosynthetic reaction center lives 380 ms. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:6617-28. [PMID: 11439049 DOI: 10.1021/ja004123v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An extremely long-lived charge-separated state has been achieved successfully using a ferrocene-zincporphyrin-freebaseporphyrin-fullerene tetrad which reveals a cascade of photoinduced energy transfer and multistep electron transfer within a molecule in frozen media as well as in solutions. The lifetime of the resulting charge-separated state (i.e., ferricenium ion-C(60) radical anion pair) in a frozen benzonitrile is determined as 0.38 s, which is more than one order of magnitude longer than any other intramolecular charge recombination processes of synthetic systems, and is comparable to that observed for the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center. Such an extremely long lifetime of the tetrad system has been well correlated with the charge-separated lifetimes of two homologous series of porphyrin-fullerene dyad and triad systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Imahori
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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