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Shafiee O, Jenkins SG, Ito T, Higgins DA. Diffusion of hydrophilic to hydrophobic forms of Nile red in aqueous C 12EO 10 gels by variable area fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:2853-2861. [PMID: 36625135 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05578c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Solute diffusion within lyotropic liquid crystal gels prepared from a series of water and decaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12EO10) mixtures was explored by variable area fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Aqueous C12EO10 gels were prepared in concentrations ranging from 55 : 45 to 70 : 30 wt% of surfactant and water. Small angle X-ray scattering revealed that these gels comprise hexagonal mesophases of cylindrical micelles. Micelle spacing was found to decrease with increasing C12EO10 concentration. Three different Nile red (NR) dyes were employed as model solutes and were separately doped into the gels at nanomolar levels. These include a hydrophilic form of NR incorporating an anionic sulfonate group (NRSO3-), a hydrophobic form incorporating a fourteen-carbon alkane tail (NRC14), and commercial NR as an intermediate case. FCS data acquired from the gels revealed that NRSO3- diffused primarily in 3D. Its diffusion coefficient exhibited a monotonic decrease with increasing gel concentration and micelle packing density, consistent with confinement of its motions by its exclusion from the micelle cores. NRC14 exhibited the smallest diffusion coefficient, most likely due to its larger size and enhanced interactions with the micelle cores. NR yielded an intermediate diffusion coefficient and the most anomalous behavior of the three dyes, attributable to its facile partitioning between core and corona regions, and greater participation by 1D diffusion. The results of these studies afford an improved understanding of molecular mass transport through soft-matter nanomaterials like those being developed for use in drug delivery and membrane based chemical separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Shafiee
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, USA.
| | - Samantha G Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, USA.
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, USA.
| | - Daniel A Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, USA.
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Denk P, El Maangar A, Prévost S, Silva W, Gschwind R, Zemb T, Kunz W. Cloud point, auto-coacervation, and nematic ordering of micelles formed by ethylene oxide containing carboxylate surfactants. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 621:470-488. [PMID: 35483179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS In a recent paper, we determined the phase behavior of an aqueous solution of octyl ether octaethylene oxide carboxylic acid ([H+][C8E8c-], Akypo™ LF2) and with partial replacement of H+ by Na+ and Ca2+. It was found that even the neat surfactants are liquid at room temperature and that they form only direct micelles for any aqueous content and over large temperature ranges. The aim of the present work was to find an explanation for the clouding in these systems as well as for the coacervation observed at very low surfactant content. We expected that very similar phase diagrams would be found for a full replacement of H+ by the mentioned ions. EXPERIMENTS We established the respective phase diagrams of the above-mentioned salts in water and determined the structures of the occurring phases in detail with small-and wide-angle X-ray scattering, small-angle neutron scattering, dynamic light scattering, heat flux differential scanning calorimetry, as well as surface tension, ESI-MS, and NMR experiments. FINDINGS To our surprise, we discovered a new type of nematic phase between an isotropic and a hexagonal phase. Based on the complete description of all occurring phases both in the acidic and the charged surfactant systems, we were able to design a coherent and unified picture of all these phases, including the auto-coacervation at low surfactant concentration, the non-conventional clouding at high temperatures, the unusual liquid crystalline phases in a small domain at high surfactant concentrations, and the Lβ phase at low temperatures and at very low water content. It turned out that all phenomena are a consequence of the subtle interplay between a) the packing constraint due to the very large head-group, b) the relatively small hydrocarbon chain and c) the tunable electrostatic interactions versus entropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Denk
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Sylvain Prévost
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Wagner Silva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ruth Gschwind
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Zemb
- ICSM, Univ Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, Marcoule, France
| | - Werner Kunz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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3
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Goldmünz E, Aserin A, Garti N. Temperature-sensitive properties of occluded hydration centers in direct hexagonal (HI) mesophases. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Guruge AG, Warren DB, Benameur H, Pouton CW, Chalmers DK. Aqueous phase behavior of the PEO-containing non-ionic surfactant C 12E 6: A molecular dynamics simulation study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 588:257-268. [PMID: 33388586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Non-ionic surfactants containing polyethylene oxide (PEO) chains are widely used in drug formulations, cosmetics, paints, textiles and detergents. High quality molecular dynamics models for PEO surfactants can give us detailed, atomic-scale information about the behavior of surfactant/water mixtures. SIMULATIONS We used two molecular dynamics force fields (FFs), 2016H66 and 53A6DBW, to model the simple non-ionic PEO surfactant, hexaoxyethylene dodecyl ether (C12E6). We investigated surfactant/water mixtures that span the phase diagram of starting from randomly distributed arrangements. In some cases, we also started with prebuilt, approximate models. The simulations results were compared with the experimentally observed phase behavior. FINDINGS Overall, this study shows that the spontaneous self-assembly of PEO non-ionic surfactants into different colloidal structures can be accurately modeled with MD simulations using the 2016H66 FF although transitions to well-formed hexagonal phase are slow. Of the two FFs investigated, the 2016H66 FF better reproduces the experimental phase behavior across all regions of the C12E6/water phase diagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amali G Guruge
- Medicinal Chemistry Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Dallas B Warren
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hassan Benameur
- Oral Drug Delivery Innovation, Chemical Division, Lonza, Strasbourg, France
| | - Colin W Pouton
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - David K Chalmers
- Medicinal Chemistry Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
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5
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Arif Kamal M, Pal A. Topological changes accompanying the phase transitions in AOT-water binary system in the presence of a strongly binding counter-ion. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Willis SA, Dennis GR, Stait-Gardner T, Zheng G, Price WS. Determining a ‘diffusion-averaged’ characteristic ratio for aligned lyotropic hexagonal phases using PGSE NMR self-diffusion measurements, random walk simulations and obstruction models. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Xu H, Minter CJ, Nagasaka S, Ito T, Higgins DA. Elongation, Alignment, and Guided Electrophoretic Migration of ds-DNA in Flow-Aligned Hexagonal F127 Gels. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:4151-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp501175h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
| | - Christopher J. Minter
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
| | - Shinobu Nagasaka
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
| | - Daniel A. Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
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8
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LamellarLαMesophases Doped with Inorganic Nanoparticles. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:1270-82. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201301187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Willis SA, Dennis GR, Zheng G, Price WS. Preparation and physical properties of a macroscopically aligned lyotropic hexagonal phase templated hydrogel. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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Kirkeminde AW, Torres T, Ito T, Higgins DA. Multiple Diffusion Pathways in Pluronic F127 Mesophases Revealed by Single Molecule Tracking and Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:12736-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jp208234b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alec W. Kirkeminde
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
| | - Travis Torres
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
| | - Daniel A. Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, United States
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11
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Angelov B, Angelova A, Vainio U, Garamus VM, Lesieur S, Willumeit R, Couvreur P. Long-living intermediates during a lamellar to a diamond-cubic lipid phase transition: a small-angle X-ray scattering investigation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:3734-3742. [PMID: 19708151 DOI: 10.1021/la804225j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To generate nanostructured vehicles with tunable internal organization, the structural phase behavior of a self-assembled amphiphilic mixture involving poly(ethylene glycol) monooleate (MO-PEG) and glycerol monooleate (MO) is studied in excess aqueous medium by time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in the temperature range from 1 to 68 degrees C. The SAXS data indicate miscibility of the two components in lamellar and nonlamellar soft-matter nanostructures. The functionalization of the MO assemblies by a MO-PEG amphiphile, which has a flexible large hydrophilic moiety, appears to hinder the epitaxial growth of a double diamond (D) cubic lattice from the lamellar (L) bilayer structure during the thermal phase transition. The incorporated MO-PEG additive is found to facilitate the formation of structural intermediates. They exhibit greater characteristic spacings and large diffusive scattering in broad temperature and time intervals. Their features are compared with those of swollen long-living intermediates in MO/octylglucoside assemblies. A conclusion can be drawn that long-living intermediate states can be equilibrium stabilized in two- or multicomponent amphiphilic systems. Their role as cubic phase precursors is to smooth the structural distortions arising from curvature mismatch between flat and curved regions. The considered MO-PEG functionalized assemblies may be useful for preparation of sterically stabilized liquid-crystalline nanovehicles for confinement of therapeutic biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borislav Angelov
- Institute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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12
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Amar-Yuli I, Wachtel E, Shalev DE, Aserin A, Garti N. Low Viscosity Reversed Hexagonal Mesophases Induced by Hydrophilic Additives. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:3971-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp711421k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Idit Amar-Yuli
- Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Faculty of Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel, and Wolfson Centre for Applied Structural Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ellen Wachtel
- Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Faculty of Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel, and Wolfson Centre for Applied Structural Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Deborah E. Shalev
- Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Faculty of Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel, and Wolfson Centre for Applied Structural Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Abraham Aserin
- Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Faculty of Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel, and Wolfson Centre for Applied Structural Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Nissim Garti
- Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Faculty of Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel, and Wolfson Centre for Applied Structural Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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13
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Żywociński A, Korda A, Gosk J, Wieczorek SA, Wilk A, Hołyst R. Kinetic Trapping of Large Amount of Long Polymers in Nanopores. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:13398-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja0762590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Żywociński
- Department III, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, Institute of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85 61-614 Poznań, Poland, and Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, WMP-SNŚ, Dewajtis 5, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Korda
- Department III, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, Institute of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85 61-614 Poznań, Poland, and Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, WMP-SNŚ, Dewajtis 5, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Gosk
- Department III, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, Institute of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85 61-614 Poznań, Poland, and Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, WMP-SNŚ, Dewajtis 5, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stefan A. Wieczorek
- Department III, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, Institute of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85 61-614 Poznań, Poland, and Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, WMP-SNŚ, Dewajtis 5, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wilk
- Department III, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, Institute of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85 61-614 Poznań, Poland, and Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, WMP-SNŚ, Dewajtis 5, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Hołyst
- Department III, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, Institute of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85 61-614 Poznań, Poland, and Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, WMP-SNŚ, Dewajtis 5, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Makulska S, Chudy E, Urbaniak K, Wieczorek SA, Zywocinski A, Holyst R. Influence of Poly(ethylene glycol) Molecular Mass on Separation and Ordering in Solutions of CiEj Nonionic Surfactants: Depletion Interactions and Steric Effects. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:7948-53. [PMID: 17580854 DOI: 10.1021/jp071145w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We study ternary mixtures of nonionic surfactants C(i)E(j) (i = 12; j = 5, 6, 8) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in water. For sufficiently large molecular mass of PEG (M >M(sep) approximately 600), we observe a lowering of phase separation temperature with an increase in polymer concentration. The value of M(sep) is consistent with the analysis based on depletion interactions between micelles induced by polymer chains. We also demonstrate that there is another critical molecular mass of PEG (M = M* approximately 2000) necessary to induce ordering in the surfactant-rich phase. This critical molecular mass follows from two requirements: (a) PEG has to reduce the separation temperature below a temperature of hexagonal-isotropic phase transition in a binary surfactant-water mixture and (b) the PEG radius of gyration has to be larger than the size of the water channels in the hexagonal phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Makulska
- WMP-SNS, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Szymański J, Pobozy E, Trojanowicz M, Wilk A, Garstecki P, Hołyst R. Net charge and electrophoretic mobility of lysozyme charge ladders in solutions of nonionic surfactant. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:5503-10. [PMID: 17441752 DOI: 10.1021/jp067511d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report on the electrophoretic mobility and on the thermal diffusion of lysozyme proteins dissolved in aqueous solutions of a nonionic surfactant (C12E6) at a wide range of concentrations of the surfactant (0-20% by weight). We want to estimate the influence of a dense network of elongated micelles of C12E6 on the effective charge of the proteins as observed in the capillary electrophoresis experiments. The possible mechanism leading to the change in the effective charge of protein could involve the deformation of the cloud of counterions around the protein when it squeezes through the narrow (of the order of a protein diameter) aqueous channels formed in the solution of elongated micelles. The combination of independent measurements of the electrophoretic mobility of a family of modified proteins (lysozyme charge ladder [Colton et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 12701]), of the microviscosity of the solutions of surfactant (obtained via fluorescence correlation spectroscopy), and of the hydrodynamic radius of the proteins (photon correlation spectroscopy) allow us to conclude that the effective charge of the proteins is not affected by the presence of surfactant, even at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jedrzej Szymański
- Institute of Physical Chemistry PAS, Dept. III, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Capitani D, Yethiraj A, Burnell EE. Memory effects across surfactant mesophases. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:3036-48. [PMID: 17295526 DOI: 10.1021/la062798r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a detailed analysis of deuteron NMR spectra of micellar, lamellar, cubic, and hexagonal mesophases in the aqueous non-ionic surfactant system C(12)E(6)/water. Samples are prepared with and without shear. Particular attention is paid to an interesting temperature-driven phase sequence that includes all of the above phases that are studied before and after shear parallel or perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. Surprising memory effects are found across mesophase transitions. These memory effects provide clues to the structure of the various phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Capitani
- Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Research Area of Rome, Via Salaria Km 29-300, Monterotondo Staz, Rome, Italy
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17
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Szymański J, Patkowski A, Wilk A, Garstecki P, Holyst R. Diffusion and Viscosity in a Crowded Environment: from Nano- to Macroscale. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:25593-7. [PMID: 17181192 DOI: 10.1021/jp0666784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although water is the chief component of living cells, food, and personal care products, the supramolecular components make their viscosity larger than that of water by several orders of magnitude. Using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), NMR, and rheology data, we show how the viscosity changes from the value for water at the molecular scale to the large macroviscosity. We determined the viscosity experienced by nanoprobes (of sizes from 0.28 to 190 nm) in aqueous micellar solution of hexaethylene-glycol-monododecyl-ether (in a range of concentration from 0.1% w/w to 35% w/w) and identified a clear crossover at the length scale of 17 +/- 2 nm (slightly larger than persistence length of micelles) at which viscosity acquires its macroscopic value. The sharp dependence of the viscosity coefficients on the size of the probe in the nanoregime has important consequences for diffusion-limited reactions in crowded environments (e.g., living cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jedrzej Szymański
- Institute of Physical Chemistry PAS, Department III, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Szymański J, Patkowski A, Gapiński J, Wilk A, Hołyst R. Movement of Proteins in an Environment Crowded by Surfactant Micelles: Anomalous versus Normal Diffusion. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:7367-73. [PMID: 16599511 DOI: 10.1021/jp055626w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small proteins move in crowded cell compartments by anomalous diffusion. In many of them, e.g., the endoplasmic reticulum, the proteins move between lipid membranes in the aqueous lumen. Molecular crowding in vitro offers a systematic way to study anomalous and normal diffusion in a well controlled environment not accessible in vivo. We prepared a crowded environment in vitro consisting of hexaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C(12)E(6)) nonionic surfactant and water and observed lysozyme diffusion between elongated micelles. We have fitted the data obtained in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy using an anomalous diffusion model and a two-component normal diffusion model. For a small concentration of surfactant (below 4 wt %) the data can be fitted by single-component normal diffusion. For larger concentrations the normal diffusion fit gave two components: one very slow and one fast. The amplitude of the slow component grows with C(12)E(6) concentration. The ratio of diffusion coefficients (slow to fast) is on the order of 0.1 for all concentrations of surfactant in the solution. The fast diffusion is due to free proteins while the slow one is due to the protein-micelle complexes. The protein-micelle interaction is weak since even in a highly concentrated solution (35% of C(12)E(6)) the amplitude of the slow mode is only 10%, despite the fact that the average distance between the micelles is the same as the size of the protein. The anomalous diffusion model gave the anomaly index (r(2)(t) approximately t(alpha)), alpha monotonically decreasing from alpha = 1 (at 4% surfactant) to alpha = 0.88 (at 37% surfactant). The fits for two-component normal diffusion and anomalous diffusion were of equally good quality, but the physical interpretation was only straightforward for the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jedrzej Szymański
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department III, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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Freyssingeas E, Martin A, Roux D. Role of dislocation loops on the elastic constants of lyotropic lamellar phases. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2005; 18:219-30. [PMID: 16244811 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2005-10042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2005] [Accepted: 08/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We study the role of dislocation loops defects on the elasticity of lamellar phases by investigating the variation of the lamellar elastic constants, B and K, induced by the proliferation of these defects. We focus our interest on one particular lamellar phase made up of a mixture of C(12)E(5) and DMPC in water, which is already well-characterised. This lamellar phase undergoes a second-order (or weakly first-order) lamellar-to-nematic phase transition at about 19 degrees C and dislocation loops are seen to proliferate within the lamellar structure when temperature is decreased below 30 degrees C. The values of both elastic constants of this given lamellar phase are measured as a function of temperature, approaching the lamellar-to-nematic transition, with the help of Quasi-Elastic Light Scattering (QELS) on oriented lamellar phases. Very surprisingly we observe a strong and rapid increase in both Band K as the lamellar-to-nematic transition temperature is approached. These increases are seen to start as soon as dislocation loops can be observed in the lamellar phase. We interpret our results as being the consequence of the appearance and proliferation of dislocation loops within the lamellar structure. According to a simple model we developed we show that B and K are proportional to the density of dislocation loops in the lamellar phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Freyssingeas
- Laboratoire de Physique, UMR CNRS 5672, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, France.
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Yethiraj A, Capitani D, Burlinson NE, Burnell EE. An NMR study of translational diffusion and structural anisotropy in magnetically alignable nonionic surfactant mesophases. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:3311-3321. [PMID: 15807569 DOI: 10.1021/la046962r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion of both water and surfactant components in aqueous solutions of the nonionic surfactant "C12E6"--which includes hexagonal, cubic, lamellar, and micellar mesophases--has been studied by pulsed-field-gradient NMR. Diffusion coefficients were measured in unaligned samples in all of these phases. They were also obtained in the hexagonal and lamellar phases in oriented monodomain samples that were aligned by slow cooling from the micellar phase in an 11.7 T magnet. Measured water and soap diffusion coefficients in the NMR-isotropic cubic and (high-water-content) micellar phases as well as diffusion anisotropy measurements in the magnetically aligned hexagonal phase were quantitatively consistent with the constituent structures of these phases being identical surfactant cylinders, with only the fraction of surface-associated water varying with the water-soap molar ratio. The values of the water and soap diffusion coefficients in the oriented lamellar phase suggest an increase in defects and obstructions to soap diffusion as a function of increasing water content, while those in the low-water-content micellar phase rule out the presence of inverse micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Yethiraj
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Gambin Y, Massiera G, Ramos L, Ligoure C, Urbach W. Bounded step superdiffusion in an oriented hexagonal phase. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:110602. [PMID: 15903838 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.110602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence recovery after pattern photobleaching is used to measure the self-diffusion of surfactant molecules, along cylinders and perpendicular to their main axis in an oriented hexagonal lyotropic phase. Unexpectedly, while the motion along cylinders is diffusive, a superdiffusive behavior is observed in the direction perpendicular to the cylinder axis. Moreover, varying the lattice parameter, we found that the perpendicular diffusion time is governed only by the number of cylinders to cross, providing experimental evidence for superdiffusion with a bounded step length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Gambin
- Laboratoire de Physique Statistique de l'Ecole Normale Superieure, UMR CNRS 8550, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
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Holyst R, Staniszewski K, Demyanchuk I. Ordering in Surfactant Mixtures Induced by Polymers. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:4881-6. [PMID: 16863142 DOI: 10.1021/jp045226t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We studied ternary mixtures of nonionic surfactant (C12E6, n-dodecyl hexaoxyethylene glycol monoether), polymer (PEG, polyethylene glycol), and water. A small amount of PEG induces demixing into the polymer-rich and surfactant-rich phases in the ternary PEG/C12E6/water mixture. Above a certain concentration and/or molecular weight of PEG, the surfactant-rich phase orders, even in a solution consisting of a few percent of surfactant. The phase boundary acts as a semipermeable membrane, and the equilibrium is determined by the chemical potential of water in two phases. The explicit expression for the amount of PEG needed to order C12E6 water solution is given and verified experimentally. The analysis of the coexistence conditions leads to the conjecture that only two oxygen atoms in the outward part of the hydrophilic surfactant head strongly affect the chemical potential of water. Our methodology is generic, i.e., on the same basis one can design a similar experiment for any surfactant/polymer/water system and find the right proportions of polymer that induce order in a surfactant-rich phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Holyst
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, PAS Department III, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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Park MJ, Char K, Bang J, Lodge TP. Interplay between cubic and hexagonal phases in block copolymer solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:1403-1411. [PMID: 15697287 DOI: 10.1021/la048056k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The phase behavior of a symmetric styrene-isoprene (SI) diblock copolymer in a styrene-selective solvent, diethylphthalate, was investigated by in situ small-angle X-ray scattering on isotropic and shear-oriented solutions and by rheology and birefringence. A remarkable new feature in this phase diagram is the coexistence of both body-centered cubic (bcc) and hexagonally close-packed (hcp) sphere phases, in a region between close-packed spheres (cps) and hexagonally packed cylinders (hex) over the concentration range phi approximately 0.33-0.45. By focusing on the transitions among these various ordered phases during heating and cooling cycles, we observed a strong hysteresis: supercooled cylinders persisted upon cooling. The stability of these supercooled cylinders is quite dependent on concentration, and for phi > or = 0.40, the supercooled cylinders do not revert to spheres even after quiescent annealing for 1 month. The spontaneous formation of spheres due to the dissociation of cylinders is kinetically hindered in this case, and the system is apparently not amenable to any pretransitional fluctuations of cylinders prior to the cylinder-to-sphere transition. This contrasts with the case of cylinders transforming to spheres upon heating in the melt. The application of large amplitude shear to the supercooled cylinders is effective in restoring the equilibrium sphere phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Jeong Park
- School of Chemical Engineering & Nanosystems Institute-National Core Research Center (NCRC), Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
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Whiddon C, Reimer J, Söderman O. Surfactant diffusion through bicontinuous micellar networks: a case study of the C9G1/C10G1/H2O mixed surfactant system. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:2172-2176. [PMID: 15835667 DOI: 10.1021/la035588c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Self-diffusion coefficients were obtained by means of NMR diffusometry for differing ratios of n-decyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (C10G1) and n-nonyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (C9G1) surfactant mixtures, along dilution lines through the micellar region of the ternary C9G1/C10G1/H2O phase diagram. Networks of bicontinuous micelles have been suggested to exist throughout the micellar regions of the phase diagram. A phase separation into two coexisting liquid solutions is observed in the dilute, C10G1-rich regions of the phase diagram. The fact that the dilution curves follow scaling relations pertaining to surfactant diffusion in a network for mixtures rich in C10G1 indicates that the phase separation is due to differences in the networks in different micellar regions of the phase diagram; networks remain largely intact despite dilution down to the phase separation in the C10G1-rich region, whereas networks with scissions are predicted to exist in the C9G1-rich regions of the micellar phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Whiddon
- Physical Chemistry 1, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Ramos L. Time-resolved synchrotron X-ray scattering of the crystallization of a soft hexagonal columnar crystal. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:2215-2219. [PMID: 15835673 DOI: 10.1021/la035747s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have recently shown (Langmuir 2000, 16, 5846) that a soft surfactant hexagonal phase exhibits, above a critical shear rate, a shear-melting transition, where a two-dimensional polycrystalline texture is converted into a liquid of rods aligned along the flow. Moreover, after abrupt cessation of high shear, a monocrystal-like structure is obtained. In this paper, we investigate the kinetics of crystallization from the shear-melted phase by means of time-resolved synchrotron X-ray scattering experiments. After a latency time, the sample is found to continuously evolve from a liquid of rods to a monocrystal of rods. We show that the crystallization results from a coupling between bulk crystallization and interfacial crystallization, due to a specific anchoring of the liquid crystal at the walls of the shear cell. A detailed analysis of the experimental data allows the evaluation of the propagation of the interfacial front and the time evolution of the size of the crystallites. We find that the size scales as t(v) with v approximately equal to 0.3, in fair agreement with recent theories and simulations on grain rotation-induced grain growth of columnar polycrystalline structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Ramos
- Groupe de Dynamique des Phases Condensées (UMR CNRS-UM2 5581), CC26, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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BIBEN THIERRY, HELAL KARIM. Stress induced topological fluctuations in confined lamellar systems. Mol Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1080/0026897031000092968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Fiałkowski M, Hołyst R. Morphological changes during the order-disorder transition in the two- and three-dimensional systems of scalar nonconserved order parameters. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2002; 66:046121. [PMID: 12443273 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.66.046121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The order-disorder transition is studied in a system of a scalar nonconserved order parameter. We use this well studied system to show that the application of the methods of topology and geometry reveals that our knowledge of the kinetic pathways by which the order-disorder transition proceeds is far from being complete. We show that in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D systems there are three dynamical regimes in the evolution of the system: early, intermediate, and late. In the intermediate regime two length scales govern the behavior of the system, whereas in the early and intermediate regime there is only one length scale. The size distribution of the domain area indicates the pathway by which the domains change their size. There are only two types of domains in a 2D system: circular and elongated with well defined characteristics (scaling of the area with the contour length) which in the late regime do not depend on time after rescaling by the average area and contour in the system. The elongated domains continuously change into circular domains reducing in this way the overall dissipation in the system. In order to reach a Lifshitz-Cahn-Allen (LCA) late stage regime the number of elongated domains must be strongly reduced. In the intermediate regime the number of elongated domains is large and simple LCA scaling does not hold. In a 3D symmetric system we always have a bicontinuous structure that evolves by cutting small connections. The late stage regime seems to be associated with the appearance of the preferred nonzero mean curvature. The early-intermediate regime crossover is associated with the saturation of the order parameter inside the domains, while the intermediate-late stage regime crossover is related to the global breaking of the +/- order parameter symmetry (marked by the appearance of the nonzero mean curvature but still zero average magnetization). The times for the occurrence of these crossovers do not depend on the size of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Fiałkowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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Impéror-Clerc M, Hamley IW, Davidson P. Fast and Easy Flow-Alignment Technique of Lyotropic Liquid-Crystalline Hexagonal Phases of Block Copolymers and Surfactants. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0021951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Impéror-Clerc
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (UMR 8502 CNRS), Bât. 510, Université Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - I. W. Hamley
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (UMR 8502 CNRS), Bât. 510, Université Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - P. Davidson
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (UMR 8502 CNRS), Bât. 510, Université Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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