Photofragmentation of Nitryl Chloride in the Ultraviolet Regime and Vacuum Ultraviolet Regime

Photochemistry of phosphenic chloride (ClPO2): isomerization with chlorine metaphosphite (ClOPO) and reduction by carbon monoxide

Phosphenic chloride (ClPO₂) is an elusive congener of nitryl chloride (ClNO₂). By high-vacuum flash pyrolysis of 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane in the gas phase, ClPO₂ has been efficiently generated and subsequently isolated in cryogenic N₂, Ar, and CO matrices (10 K) for a first time study on its photochemistry. Upon 193 nm laser irradiation, ClPO₂ isomerizes to the novel chlorine metaphosphite (ClOPO) by initial cleavage of the Cl-P bond (→ ˙Cl + ˙PO₂) with subsequent Cl-O bond formation inside the N₂ and Ar matrix cages. The reverse transformation becomes feasible under further irradiation at 266 nm. This photochemistry is consistent with the observed absorptions of ClPO₂ and ClOPO at 207 and 250 nm, respectively. When the photolysis was performed in solid CO ice, no isomerization occurs due to CO-trapping of the initially generated ˙Cl atoms by forming caged radical pair ClCO˙⋯˙PO₂. Concomitantly, photolytic reduction of ClPO₂ to ClPO by CO has been observed, yielding a weakly bonded molecular complex consisting of ClPO and CO₂ bonded through short intermolecular C⋯O contact (2.910 Å). The characterization of ClPO, ClPO₂, ClOPO, and the molecular complexes of ClPO₂-CO and ClPO-CO₂ using matrix-isolation IR and UV-vis spectroscopy is supported by the theoretical calculations at the B3LYP/6-311 + G(3df) level, and the photochemistry of ClPO₂ is also compared with the revisited photochemistry of ClNO₂ in the N₂-matrix.

Resonance Raman intensity analysis of ClNO(2) dissolved in methanol

Halogens such as chlorine are converted from halides, including ClNO(2), to reactive radicals by UV solar radiation. These radicals can affect ozone production and destruction in the stratosphere. Recently, it became clear that halogen radicals can also play a significant role in the chemistry of the troposphere. The photochemistry of ClNO(2) has been the subject of several studies in the gas and solid state that demonstrated a clear phase-dependent reactivity. Here, we report our initial studies of nitryl chloride in solution. Resonance Raman (RR) spectra of ClNO(2) dissolved in methanol after excitation within the 1(1)A(1)-2(1)A(1) absorption band (D band) in the region 200-240 nm are presented. RR intensity along the NO symmetric stretch coordinate (v(1)) at 1291 cm(-1) is observed at all excitation wavelengths, whereas limited intensity corresponding to the transition of the N-Cl symmetric stretch (v(3)) was only observed at 199.8 nm, whereas no intensity corresponding to the O-N-O symmetric bend (v(2)) was observed. Depolarization ratios and absolute resonance Raman cross sections for v(1) were obtained at several excitation wavelengths spanning the D band. Depolarization ratios were found to deviate significantly from 1/3, consistent with more than a single dipole-allowed electronic transition contributing to the scattering. RR intensity analysis (RRIA) reveals that two closely spaced excited electronic states contribute to the scattering, which are dissociative along the Cl-N coordinate. In this study the role the solvent environment plays in ClNO(2) state energetics and excited structural evolution along fundamental coordinates is discussed.