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de Magalhães CET, Savedra RML, Dias KS, Ramos R, Siqueira MF. Structural dependence of MEH-PPV chromism in solution. J Mol Model 2017; 23:91. [PMID: 28236031 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The chromism observed in the MEH-PPV polymer in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution is discussed as a function of the structural morphology of the backbone chains. To evaluate this phenomenon, we carried out simulations employing a hybrid methodology using molecular dynamics and quantum mechanical approaches. Our results support the hypothesis that the morphological order-disorder transition is related to the change from red to blue phase observed experimentally. The morphological disorder is associated with total or partial twisted arrangements in the polymer backbone, which induces an electronic conjugation length more confined to shorter segments. In addition, the main band of the MEH-PPV UV-Vis spectrum at the lower wavelength is related to the blue phase, in contrast to the red phase found for the more planar backbone chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E T de Magalhães
- Laboratório de Simulação Molecular de Materiais, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, CEP 35400-000 Ouro, Preto-MG, Brazil
| | - Ranylson M L Savedra
- Laboratório de Simulação Molecular de Materiais, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, CEP 35400-000 Ouro, Preto-MG, Brazil
- Laboratório de Polímeros e Propriedades Eletrônicas de Materiais, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000, Ouro Preto-MG, Brazil
| | - Karina S Dias
- Laboratório de Simulação Molecular de Materiais, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, CEP 35400-000 Ouro, Preto-MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ramos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão s/n, trav. R 187, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Melissa F Siqueira
- Laboratório de Simulação Molecular de Materiais, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, CEP 35400-000 Ouro, Preto-MG, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Polímeros e Propriedades Eletrônicas de Materiais, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000, Ouro Preto-MG, Brazil.
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2
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Umemura K, Izumi K, Oura S. Probe Microscopic Studies of DNA Molecules on Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS 2016; 6:nano6100180. [PMID: 28335308 PMCID: PMC5245195 DOI: 10.3390/nano6100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hybrids of DNA and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising nanobioconjugates for nanobiosensors, carriers for drug delivery, and other biological applications. In this review, nanoscopic characterization of DNA-CNT hybrids, in particular, characterization by scanning probe microscopy (SPM), is summarized. In many studies, topographical imaging by atomic force microscopy has been performed. However, some researchers have demonstrated advanced SPM operations in order to maximize its unique and valuable functions. Such sophisticated approaches are attractive and will have a significant impact on future studies of DNA-CNT hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Umemura
- Biophysics Section, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Katsuki Izumi
- Biophysics Section, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Shusuke Oura
- Biophysics Section, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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3
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Mikhnenko OV, Kuik M, Lin J, van der Kaap N, Nguyen TQ, Blom PWM. Trap-limited exciton diffusion in organic semiconductors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:1912-1917. [PMID: 24804328 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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4
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de Deus JF, Faria GC, Faria RM, Iamazaki ET, Atvars TD, Cirpan A, Akcelrud L. White light emitting devices by doping polyfluorene with two red emitters. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2012.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Banal JL, Subbiah J, Graham H, Lee JK, Ghiggino KP, Wong WWH. Electron deficient conjugated polymers based on benzotriazole. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20850d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Lampert ZE, Reynolds CL, Papanikolas JM, Aboelfotoh MO. Controlling Morphology and Chain Aggregation in Semiconducting Conjugated Polymers: The Role of Solvent on Optical Gain in MEH-PPV. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:12835-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp304199u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zach E. Lampert
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7919,
United States
| | - C. Lewis Reynolds
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7919,
United States
| | - John M. Papanikolas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - M. Osama Aboelfotoh
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7919,
United States
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7
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Savitsky AO, Vinogradova LV, Ten’kovtsev AV. Interpolymeric complexes of polyoctamethyleneacetamidine with polyethers terminally modifi ed with chromophore groups and their nonlinear optical properties. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427212090200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Mikhnenko OV, Lin J, Shu Y, Anthony JE, Blom PWM, Nguyen TQ, Loi MA. Effect of thermal annealing on exciton diffusion in a diketopyrrolopyrrole derivative. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:14196-201. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41359k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Ishii Y, Murata H. True photoluminescence spectra revealed in electrospun light-emitting single nanofibers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm14831e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Wan J, Li Y, Ma Z, Li T, Huang W. Molecular Packing in Self-Assembled p-n and n-p-n Heterostructure Co-oligomers. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201090305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Craig IM, Tassone CJ, Tolbert SH, Schwartz BJ. Second-harmonic generation in conjugated polymer films: A sensitive probe of how bulk polymer crystallinity changes with spin speed. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:044901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3436517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Li TD, Inigo AR, Fann W, White JD, Huang YF, Wei PK. Development of a Controlled Environment Near-Field Optical Microscope for Organic Thin Film Studies. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201000069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Chen MC, Hung WC, Su AC, Chen SH, Chen SA. Nanoscale Ordered Structure Distribution in Thin Solid Film of Conjugated Polymers: Its Significance in Charge Transport Across the Film and in Performance of Electroluminescent Device. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:11124-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jp901644m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chih Chen
- Chemical Engineering Department, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Chun Hung
- Chemical Engineering Department, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - An-Chung Su
- Chemical Engineering Department, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Su-Hua Chen
- Chemical Engineering Department, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Show-An Chen
- Chemical Engineering Department, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan, R.O.C
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14
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Hu Z, Gesquiere AJ. PCBM concentration dependent morphology of P3HT in composite P3HT/PCBM nanoparticles. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Mikhnenko OV, Cordella F, Sieval AB, Hummelen JC, Blom PWM, Loi MA. Exciton Quenching Close to Polymer−Vacuum Interface of Spin-Coated Films of Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) Derivative. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:9104-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9012637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr V Mikhnenko
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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16
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Pensack RD, Banyas KM, Barbour LW, Hegadorn M, Asbury JB. Ultrafast vibrational spectroscopy of charge-carrier dynamics in organic photovoltaic materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:2575-91. [DOI: 10.1039/b817113k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Chen HJ, Wang L, Chiu WY. Preparation of MEH-PPV/nanosized titania hybrids via in situ
sol-gel reaction of titanium alkoxide: Optical property. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Sohn Y, Todd Stuckless J. Photoexcitation quenching and interfacial electronic structures of photo-oxidized MEH-PPV film on gold studied using two-photon photoemission spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.06.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Liu J, Bu L, Dong J, Zhou Q, Geng Y, Ma D, Wang L, Jing X, Wang F. Green light-emitting polyfluorenes with improved color purity incorporated with 4,7-diphenyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole moieties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b700004a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Scherlis DA, Fattebert JL, Marzari N. Stacking of oligo- and polythiophene cations in solution: Surface tension and dielectric saturation. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:194902. [PMID: 16729839 DOI: 10.1063/1.2198811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The stacking of positively charged (or doped) terthiophene oligomers and quaterthiophene polymers in solution is investigated applying a recently developed unified electrostatic and cavitation model for first-principles calculations in a continuum solvent. The thermodynamic and structural patterns of the dimerization are explored in different solvents, and the distinctive roles of polarity and surface tension are characterized and analyzed. Interestingly, we discover a saturation in the stabilization effect of the dielectric screening that takes place at rather small values of epsilon(0). Moreover, we address the interactions in trimers of terthiophene cations, with the aim of generalizing the results obtained for the dimers to the case of higher-order stacks and nanoaggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián A Scherlis
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.
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21
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Grausem J, Dossot M, Cremel S, Humbert B, Viala F, Mauchien P. Local Heterogeneity for a Eu3+-Doped Glass Evidenced by Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy Coupled to Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:11259-66. [PMID: 16771394 DOI: 10.1021/jp0607317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS) was applied to an aluminate glass sample doped with Eu3+ cation as a fluorescent probe of the chemical environment and local symmetry. Conventional far-field experiments revealed the presence of two different phases: an amorphous phase featured by a highly disordered environment surrounding the Eu3+ cation and a more ordered polycrystalline phase that exhibits a significant increase in the Eu3+ fluorescence decay time compared to that of the amorphous phase. Near-field fluorescence spectra and decay kinetics were recorded in the frontier region between the two phases using a home-built scanning near-field optical microscope. SNOM-TRFS experiments confirmed the presence of local heterogeneities in this part of the glass at a sub-micrometric spatial scale. Polycrystalline sites featured an important shear-force interaction with the probing fiber optic tip, a longer fluorescence decay time, and a higher Stark splitting of the 5D0 --> 7FJ (J = 1-4) electronic transitions of the Eu3+ cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Grausem
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement LCPME, UMR CNRS-UHP 7564, 405, rue de Vandoeuvre, F-54600 Villers-Les-Nancy, France
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22
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Zhou CZ, Liu T, Lin TT, Zhan XH, Chen ZK. Morphology and photophysical properties of phenyleneethynylene oligomer. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Chou HL, Lin KF, Wang DC. Miscibility and Luminescence Properties of MEH-PPV/DPO-PPV Polyblends. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-005-9017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Chou CH, Hsu SL, Yeh SW, Wang HS, Wei KH. Enhanced Luminance and Thermal Properties of Poly(phenylenevinylene) Copolymer Presenting Side-Chain-Tethered Silsesquioxane Units. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma051055u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Chou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30049, R.O.C
| | - So-Lin Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30049, R.O.C
| | - Siao-Wei Yeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30049, R.O.C
| | - Hsu-Shen Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30049, R.O.C
| | - Kung-Hwa Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30049, R.O.C
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25
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Woo HY, Liu B, Kohler B, Korystov D, Mikhailovsky A, Bazan GC. Solvent Effects on the Two-Photon Absorption of Distyrylbenzene Chromophores. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:14721-9. [PMID: 16231926 DOI: 10.1021/ja052906g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of organic- and water-soluble distyrylbenzene-based two-photon absorption (TPA) fluorophores containing dialkylamino donor groups at the termini was designed, synthesized, and characterized. The central core was systematically substituted to modulate intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). These molecules allow an examination of solvent effects on the TPA cross section (delta) and on the TPA action cross section. In toluene, the delta values follow the order of ICT strength. The effect of solvent on delta is nonmonotonic: maximum delta was measured in an intermediate polarity solvent (THF) and was lowest in water. We failed to find a correlation between the observed solvent effect and previous theoretical predictions. Hydrogen bonding to the donor groups and aggregation of the optical units in water, which are not included in calculational analysis, may be responsible for the discrepancies between experimental results and theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Young Woo
- Mitsubishi Chemical Center for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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26
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Szymanski C, Wu C, Hooper J, Salazar MA, Perdomo A, Dukes A, McNeill J. Single Molecule Nanoparticles of the Conjugated Polymer MEH−PPV, Preparation and Characterization by Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:8543-6. [PMID: 16852006 DOI: 10.1021/jp051062k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a straightforward method for producing a stable, aqueous suspension of hydrophobic, fluorescent pi-conjugated polymer nanoparticles consisting primarily of individual conjugated polymer molecules. Features of the method are the facile preparation, purity, unique optical properties, and small size (approximately 5-10 nm) of the resulting nanoparticles. The results of TEM, scanning force microscopy, and near-field scanning optical microscopy of particles cast from the suspension indicate that the particles are single conjugated polymer molecules. The NSOM results yield estimates of the optical cross-sections of individual conjugated polymer molecules. The UV-vis absorption spectra of the nanoparticle suspensions indicate a reduction in conjugation length attributed to deformations of the polymer backbone. Fluorescence spectra of the aqueous nanoparticle suspensions indicate interactions between segments of the polymer chain and intramolecular energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Szymanski
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
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27
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Barnes MD, Mehta A, Kumar P, Sumpter BG, Noid DW. Confinement effects on the structure and dynamics of polymer systems from the mesoscale to the nanoscale. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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28
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Vancso GJ, Hillborg H, Schönherr H. Chemical Composition of Polymer Surfaces Imaged by Atomic Force Microscopyand Complementary Approaches. POLYMER ANALYSIS POLYMER THEORY 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/b135560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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29
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Chen SH, Su AC, Chang CS, Chen HL, Ho DL, Tsao CS, Peng KY, Chen SA. Aging of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene)/toluene solutions and subsequent effects on luminescence behavior of cast films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:8909-8915. [PMID: 15379526 DOI: 10.1021/la049083d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Morphological effects in luminescence properties of a representative semiconducting polymer, poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV), has recently attracted much attention. Previous studies indicated that short-term heat treatment of solution-cast MEH-PPV films may result in the formation of mesomorphic order that is responsible for the "red" emission around 640 nm, in contrast to the single-chromophore "yellow" emission near 590 nm from the disordered matrix. On the basis of microscopic and spectroscopic evidence for films cast from freshly prepared and aged solutions, here we show that prolonged storage of MEHyellowPPV solutions at room temperature or lower may result in retardation of the thermally induced mesophase formation in the subsequently cast films. According to small-angle neutron scattering and differential scanning calorimetric observations over aged MEH-PPV/toluene solutions, we propose that the suppressed transformation into mesomorphic order is due to further development of nanocrystalline aggregates that serve as physical cross-links among MEH-PPV chains in the solution state upon long-term storage. These solvent-induced nanocrystalline aggregates, however, do not exhibit new spectroscopic features beyond the suppression of "red" emission at 640 nm from the mesomorphic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Chen
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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30
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Chen SH, Su CH, Su AC, Chen SA. Molecular Aggregation and Luminescence Behavior of Bulk Poly(2,5,2‘,5‘-tetrahexyloxy-8,7‘-dicyano-di-p-phenylenevinylene). J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0488923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. H. Chen
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - C. H. Su
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - A. C. Su
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - S. A. Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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31
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Chen SH, Su AC, Han SR, Chen SA, Lee YZ. Molecular Aggregation and Luminescence Properties of Bulk Poly(2,5-di-n-octyloxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene). Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma035230n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Chen SH, Su AC, Chou HL, Peng KY, Chen SA. Phase Behavior and Molecular Aggregation in Bulk Poly(2-methoxy-5-(2‘-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene). Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma034703n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Kwak ES, Vanden Bout DA. Fully time-resolved near-field scanning optical microscopy fluorescence imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(03)01005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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34
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Schwartz BJ. Conjugated polymers as molecular materials: how chain conformation and film morphology influence energy transfer and interchain interactions. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2003; 54:141-72. [PMID: 12524429 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.54.011002.103811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 837] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structure of conjugated polymers is of current interest because of the wide range of potential applications for such materials in optoelectronic devices. It is increasingly clear that the electronic properties of conjugated polymers depend sensitively on the physical conformation of the polymer chains and the way the chains pack together in films. This article reviews the evidence that interchain electronic species do form in conjugated polymer films, and that their number and chemical nature depend on processing conditions; the chain conformation, degree of interchain contact, and rate of energy transfer can be controlled by factors such as choice of solvent, polymer concentration, thermal annealing, presence of electrically charged side groups, and encapsulation of the polymer chains in mesoporous silica. Taken together, the results reconcile many contradictions in the literature and provide a prescription for the optimization of conjugated polymer film morphology for device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA.
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Sarzi Sartori S, De Feyter S, Hofkens J, Van der Auweraer M, De Schryver F, Brunner K, Hofstraat JW. Host Matrix Dependence on the Photophysical Properties of Individual Conjugated Polymer Chains. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma025786v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schaller RD, Snee PT, Johnson JC, Lee LF, Wilson KR, Haber LH, Saykally RJ, Nguyen TQ, Schwartz BJ. Nanoscopic interchain aggregate domain formation in conjugated polymer films studied by third harmonic generation near-field scanning optical microscopy. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1499479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kurokawa N, Yoshikawa H, Masuhara H, Hirota N, Hyodo K. Photothermally Induced Conformational Changes in Poly(Substituted Thiophene) Film Leading to Nanometer Surface Protrusion: A Near-Field Fluorescence Microspectroscopic Study. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021157b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Nguyen TQ, Schwartz BJ. Ionomeric control of interchain interactions, morphology, and the electronic properties of conjugated polymer solutions and films. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1468215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chen SH, Su AC, Huang YF, Su CH, Peng GY, Chen SA. Supramolecular Aggregation in Bulk Poly(2-methoxy-5-(2‘-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4- phenylenevinylene). Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma025505j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Varghese B, Schlick S. Microphase separation in poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) studied with paramagnetic spin probes. I. Electron spin resonance spectra. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.10109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Johnson JC, Yan H, Schaller RD, Haber LH, Saykally RJ, Yang P. Single Nanowire Lasers. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012304t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin C. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Haoquan Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Richard D. Schaller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Louis H. Haber
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Richard J. Saykally
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Peidong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
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