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Svoboda V, Ram NB, Baykusheva D, Zindel D, Waters MDJ, Spenger B, Ochsner M, Herburger H, Stohner J, Wörner HJ. Femtosecond photoelectron circular dichroism of chemical reactions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq2811. [PMID: 35857523 PMCID: PMC9286499 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq2811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the chirality of molecular reaction pathways is essential for a broad range of fundamental and applied sciences. However, the current ability to probe chirality on the time scale of primary processes underlying chemical reactions remains very limited. Here, we demonstrate time-resolved photoelectron circular dichroism (TRPECD) with ultrashort circularly polarized vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) pulses from a tabletop source. We demonstrate the capabilities of VUV-TRPECD by resolving the chirality changes in time during the photodissociation of atomic iodine from two chiral molecules. We identify several general key features of TRPECD, which include the ability to probe dynamical chirality along the complete photochemical reaction path, the sensitivity to the local chirality of the evolving scattering potential, and the influence of electron scattering off dissociating photofragments. Our results are interpreted by comparison with high-level ab-initio calculations of transient PECDs from molecular photoionization calculations. Our experimental and theoretical techniques define a general approach to femtochirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vít Svoboda
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Niraghatam Bhargava Ram
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research–Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India
| | | | - Daniel Zindel
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Max D. J. Waters
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Spenger
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil 8820, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Ochsner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Herburger
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Stohner
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil 8820, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Francisco CG, González CC, Kennedy AR, Paz NR, Suárez E. Fragmentation of carbohydrate anomeric alkoxyl radicals: new synthesis of chiral 1-fluoro-1-halo-1-iodoalditols. Chemistry 2008; 14:6704-12. [PMID: 18576400 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A new general methodology for the synthesis of 1,1,1-trihaloalditols by starting from 1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-hex-1-enitol derivatives (glycals) is described. The halogens are introduced sequentially in each of the three different steps of the process. The fluorine is introduced in the first step by electrophilic fluorination of the starting glycal; next, hydroxyhalogenation of the resulting vinyl fluoride allows the addition of any halogen (F, Cl, Br or I) at will, and finally, an iodine atom is inserted through an alkoxyl radical fragmentation reaction. This methodology allows the preparation of diverse types of 1,1,1-trihalogenated compounds (R--CF(2)I, R--CFI(2), R--CFClI and R--CFBrI) under mild conditions compatible with sensitive substituents. In some cases, the diastereomeric mixtures generated from R--CFClI and R--CFBrI can be chromatographically separated, and their configuration determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The synthetic usefulness of these compounds has been preliminarily assessed by examining the reactivity of the fluorinated radical generated by rupture of the C--I bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosme G Francisco
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Carretera de La Esperanza 3, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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3
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Karlsson BCG, Rosengren AM, Andersson PO, Nicholls IA. The Spectrophysics of Warfarin: Implications for Protein Binding. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:10520-8. [PMID: 17691835 DOI: 10.1021/jp072505i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The photophysical behavior of the isomers of the anticoagulant drug warfarin in various solvents and solvent mixtures was investigated using absorption, 1H NMR, and steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopies in conjunction with B3LYP-based theoretical treatments. Complex absorption patterns were observed, indicative of the presence of different isomers of warfarin in the various solvents studied. In alkaline aqueous solution, the deprotonated open side form of warfarin is highly dominant and only one S0-->S1 singlet transition could be observed in the absorption spectrum centered at 320 nm. These observations were supported by theoretical density functional calculations (B3LYP) in which the geometries of nine isomers of warfarin were optimized and their respective eight lowest singlet and three lowest triplet excitation energy levels were predicted. Examination of the fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of the isomers in nonpolar and polar organic solvents showed the presence of the deprotonated open side chain form of warfarin in 2-propanol, ethanol, and acetonitrile. Time-resolved fluorescence experiments revealed a short decay time constant, tau1, in all solvents studied while in more polar environments a second longer one, tau2, was evident varying between 0.5 and 1.6 ns depending on solvent polarity. The variation of number and length of fluorescence lifetimes as a function of solvent environment has provided a tool for examining warfarin protein binding. Studies on the binding of warfarin to human serum albumin (HSA) have been undertaken, and different modes of binding were observed which are indicative of binding to the anion-selective Sudlow I and, second, a lower affinity mode of interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn C G Karlsson
- Bioorganic and Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
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Soulard P, Asselin P, Cuisset A, Aviles Moreno JR, Huet TR, Petitprez D, Demaison J, Freedman TB, Cao X, Nafie LA, Crassous J. Chlorofluoroiodomethane as a potential candidate for parity violation measurements. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:79-92. [PMID: 16482247 DOI: 10.1039/b510675c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
CHFClI is among the more favorable molecules for parity violation (PV) measurements in molecules. Despite the fact that calculated PV effects are two orders of magnitude smaller than in some organometallic compounds, CHFClI displays interesting features which could make possible a new experimental PV test on this molecule. Indeed, ultrahigh resolution spectroscopy using an ultrastable CO(2) laser is favored by several intrinsic properties of this molecule. For example, the high vapor pressure of CHFClI allows investigation by supersonic beam spectroscopy. Indeed, the spectroscopic constants have been accurately determined by microwave and millimetre wave spectroscopy. This is important for the subsequent selection of an appropriate absorption band of CHFClI that could be brought to coïncide with the absorption of CO(2). Partially resolved (+)- and (-)-CHFClI enantiomers with respectively 63.3 and 20.5% ee's have been recently prepared and analyzed by molecular recognition using chiral hosts called cryptophanes. Finally, the S-(+)/R-(-) absolute configuration was ascertained by vibrational circular dichroïsm (VCD) in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Soulard
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, CNRS Laboratoire Dynamique Interactions et Réactivité, UMR 7075, Case 49, Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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5
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Dais P, Stefanaki I, Fragaki G, Mikros E. Conformational Analysis of Ochratoxin A by NMR Spectroscopy and Computational Molecular Modeling. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:16926-36. [PMID: 16853154 DOI: 10.1021/jp058035e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy has been used for a complete assignment of the proton and carbon-13 spectra of the metabolite from Aspergillus ochraceus, ochratoxin A. In addition, phase-sensitive nuclear Overhauser effect spectrometry experiments and computational molecular modeling (MM2 and MMFF force field programs) have been employed to examine the conformational properties of ochratoxin A in chloroform solutions. Particular attention has been given to intramolecular hydrogen-bonding formation involving the phenolic group on dihydroisocoumarin, which may be responsible for the toxic mechanism of ochratoxin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Photis Dais
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 71409 Iraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Lee M, Kim H, Lee YS, Kim MS. One-photon mass-analyzed threshold ionization spectroscopy of CH2BrI: Extensive bending progression, reduced steric effect, and spin-orbit effect in the cation. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:24310. [PMID: 16050748 DOI: 10.1063/1.1954770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One-photon mass-analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectrum of CH2BrI was obtained using coherent vacuum-ultraviolet radiation generated by four-wave difference-frequency mixing in Kr. Unlike CH2ClI investigated previously, a very extensive bending (Br-C-I) progression was observed. Vibrational frequencies of CH2BrI+ were measured from the spectra and the vibrational assignments were made by utilizing frequencies calculated by the density-functional-theory (DFT) method using relativistic effective core potentials with and without the spin-orbit terms. A noticeable spin-orbit effect on the vibrational frequencies was observed from the DFT calculations, even though its influence was not so dramatic as in CH2ClI+. A simple explanation based on the bonding characteristics of the molecular orbitals involved in the ionization is presented to account for the above differences between the MATI spectra of CH2BrI and CH2ClI. The 0-0 band of the CH2BrI spectrum could be identified through the use of combined data from calculations and experiments. The adiabatic ionization energy determined from the position of this band was 9.5944+/-0.0006 eV, which was significantly smaller than the vertical ionization energy reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Lee
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Control of Reaction Dynamics and School of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Crassous J, Jiang Z, Schurig V, Polavarapu PL. Preparation of (+)-chlorofluoroiodomethane, determination of its enantiomeric excess and of its absolute configuration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Perry JL, Christensen T, Goldsmith MR, Toone EJ, Beratan DN, Simon JD. Binding of Ochratoxin A to Human Serum Albumin Stabilized by a Protein−Ligand Ion Pair. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp034783x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Perry
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Trine Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Michael R. Goldsmith
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Eric J. Toone
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - David N. Beratan
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - John D. Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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Perry JL, Il'ichev YV, Kempf VR, McClendon J, Park G, Manderville RA, Rüker F, Dockal M, Simon JD. Binding of Ochratoxin A Derivatives to Human Serum Albumin. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp034284w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Perry
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109; Institute of Applied Microbiology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Yuri V. Il'ichev
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109; Institute of Applied Microbiology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Valerie R. Kempf
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109; Institute of Applied Microbiology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Jamal McClendon
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109; Institute of Applied Microbiology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Gyungse Park
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109; Institute of Applied Microbiology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Richard A. Manderville
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109; Institute of Applied Microbiology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Florian Rüker
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109; Institute of Applied Microbiology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Michael Dockal
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109; Institute of Applied Microbiology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - John D. Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109; Institute of Applied Microbiology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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Crassous J, Monier F, Dutasta JP, Ziskind M, Daussy C, Grain C, Chardonnet C. Search for resolution of chiral fluorohalogenomethanes and parity-violation effects at the molecular level. Chemphyschem 2003; 4:541-8. [PMID: 12836475 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200200536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The first observation of a parity-violation effect in molecules induced by weak interactions is still a dream that requires the synthesis and, eventually, the resolution of the enantiomers of well-chosen simple chiral molecules together with an appropriate experimental set-up for high-resolution spectroscopy. Performing IR spectroscopy on highly enantiomerically enriched samples of bromochlorofluoromethane succeeded in giving an upper limit of 10(-13) for the relative vibrational energy difference between the two enantiomers. These results led us to conceive a new experimental set-up based on a supersonic molecular beam and to work on other chiral molecules, such as chlorofluoroiodomethane. A synthesis of (+/-)-CHCIFI from racemic chlorofluoroiodoacetic acid should, in the near future permit the preparation of optically active samples of this haloform. The development of molecular beam spectroscopy using a two-photon Ramsey-fringes experiment should allow us to reach the precision needed to observe parity violation. These experimental challenges, which stimulate a close collaboration between chemists and physicists, are presented. The success of these projects would open the route to new information on the molecular Hamiltonian, a better knowledge of the electroweak interaction, and a better control of the various chirality-related properties of simple molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Crassous
- Laboratoire de Chimie UMR CNRS 5532-Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France.
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Tian SX, Kishimoto N, Ohno K. Spin−Orbit Coupling Effect and Intramolecular Orbital Interactions: Penning Ionization of CH2BrCl, CHBrCl2, and CH2BrCN by Collision with He*(23S) Metastable Atoms. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0218950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Naoki Kishimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohno
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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12
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