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Sharma A, Athanasopoulos S, Li Y, Sanders SN, Kumarasamy E, Campos LM, Lakhwani G. Probing Through-Bond and Through-Space Interactions in Singlet Fission-Based Pentacene Dimers. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8978-8986. [PMID: 36149007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Interchromophoric interactions such as Coulombic coupling and exchange interactions are crucial to the functional properties of numerous π-conjugated systems. Here, we use magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy to investigate interchromophoric interactions in singlet fission relevant pentacene dimers. Using a simple analytical model, we outline a general relationship between the geometry of pentacene dimers and their calculated MCD response. We analyze experimental MCD spectra of different covalently bridged pentacene dimers to reveal how the molecular structure of the "bridge" affects the magnitude of through-space Coulombic and through-bond exchange interactions in the system. Our results show that through-bond interactions are significant in dimers with conjugated molecules as bridging units and these interactions promote the overall electronic coupling in the system. Our generalized approach paves the way for the application of MCD in investigating interchromophoric interactions across a range of π-conjugated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sharma
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Stavros Athanasopoulos
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avenida Universidad 30, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yun Li
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Samuel N Sanders
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Elango Kumarasamy
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Luis M Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Girish Lakhwani
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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2
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Watanabe H, Nakamura S, Tamiaki H. Ring-size controlled dimerization of synthetic zinc chlorophyll derivatives possessing a 1-azacycloalkyl group through mutual coordination of amino moiety to central zinc atom. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Shoji S, Mizoguchi T, Tamiaki H. In vitro self-assemblies of bacteriochlorophylls-c from Chlorobaculum tepidum and their supramolecular nanostructures. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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4
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Reimers JR, Krausz E. An analytical data inversion method for magnetic circular dichroism spectra dominated by the “B-term”. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:2315-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53730g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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5
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Akutsu H, Egawa A, Fujiwara T. Atomic structure of the bacteriochlorophyll c assembly in intact chlorosomes from Chlorobium limicola determined by solid-state NMR. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2010; 104:221-231. [PMID: 20063063 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-009-9523-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Green sulfur photosynthetic bacteria optimize their antennas, chlorosomes, especially for harvesting weak light by organizing bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) assembly without any support of proteins. As it is difficult to crystallize the organelles, a high-resolution structure of the light-harvesting devices in the chlorosomes has not been clarified. We have determined the structure of BChl c assembly in the intact chlorosomes from Chlorobium limicola on the basis of (13)C dipolar spin-diffusion solid-state NMR analysis of uniformly (13)C-labeled chlorosomes. About 90 intermolecular C-C distances were obtained by the simultaneous assignment of distance correlations and the structure optimization preceded by the polarization-transfer matrix analysis. An atomic structure was obtained, using these distance constraints. The determined structure of the chlorosomal BChl c assembly is built with the parallel layers of piggyback-dimers. This supramolecular structure would provide insights into the mechanism of weak-light capturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Akutsu
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan.
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Zupcanova A, Arellano JB, Bina D, Kopecky J, Psencik J, Vacha F. The length of esterifying alcohol affects the aggregation properties of chlorosomal bacteriochlorophylls. Photochem Photobiol 2008; 84:1187-94. [PMID: 18331396 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chlorosomes, the main light-harvesting complexes of green photosynthetic bacteria, contain bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) molecules in the form of self-assembling aggregates. To study the role of esterifying alcohols in BChl aggregation we have prepared a series of bacteriochlorophyllide c (BChlide c) derivatives differing in the length of the esterifying alcohol (C(1), C(4), C(8) and C(12)). Their aggregation behavior was studied both in polar (aqueous buffer) and nonpolar (hexane) environments and the esterifying alcohols were found to play an essential role. In aqueous buffer, hydrophobic interactions among esterifying alcohols drive BChlide c derivatives with longer chains into the formation of dimers, while this interaction is weak for BChlides with shorter esterifying alcohols and they remain mainly as monomers. All studied BChlide c derivatives form aggregates in hexane, but the process slows down with longer esterifying alcohols due to competing hydrophobic interactions with hexane molecules. In addition, the effect of the length of the solvent molecules (n-alkanes) was explored for BChl c aggregation. With an increasing length of n-alkane molecules, the hydrophobic interaction with the farnesyl chain becomes stronger, leading to a slower aggregation rate. The results show that the hydrophobic interaction is the driving force for the aggregation in an aqueous environment, while in nonpolar solvents it is the hydrophilic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Zupcanova
- Biological Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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7
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Klinger P, Arellano JB, Vácha F, Hála J, PšenčíK J. Effect of Carotenoids and Monogalactosyl Diglyceride on Bacteriochlorophyll c Aggregates in Aqueous Buffer: Implications for the Self-assembly of Chlorosomes¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2004.tb00131.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Egawa A, Fujiwara T, Mizoguchi T, Kakitani Y, Koyama Y, Akutsu H. Structure of the light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll c assembly in chlorosomes from Chlorobium limicola determined by solid-state NMR. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:790-5. [PMID: 17215361 PMCID: PMC1783392 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0605911104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have determined the atomic structure of the bacteriochlorophyll c (BChl c) assembly in a huge light-harvesting organelle, the chlorosome of green photosynthetic bacteria, by solid-state NMR. Previous electron microscopic and spectroscopic studies indicated that chlorosomes have a cylindrical architecture with a diameter of approximately 10 nm consisting of layered BChl molecules. Assembly structures in huge noncrystalline chlorosomes have been proposed based mainly on structure-dependent chemical shifts and a few distances acquired by solid-state NMR, but those studies did not provide a definite structure. Our approach is based on (13)C dipolar spin-diffusion solid-state NMR of uniformly (13)C-labeled chlorosomes under magic-angle spinning. Approximately 90 intermolecular C C distances were obtained by simultaneous assignment of distance correlations and structure optimization preceded by polarization-transfer matrix analysis. It was determined from the approximately 90 intermolecular distances that BChl c molecules form piggyback-dimer-based parallel layers. This finding rules out the well known monomer-based structures. A molecular model of the cylinder in the chlorosome was built by using this structure. It provided insights into the mechanisms of efficient light harvesting and excitation transfer to the reaction centers. This work constitutes an important advance in the structure determination of huge intact systems that cannot be crystallized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Egawa
- *Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan; and
| | - Toshimichi Fujiwara
- *Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan; and
| | - Tadashi Mizoguchi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kakitani
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yasushi Koyama
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan
| | - Hideo Akutsu
- *Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan; and
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Klinger P, Arellano JB, Vácha F, Hála J, Psencík J. Effect of carotenoids and monogalactosyl diglyceride on bacteriochlorophyll c aggregates in aqueous buffer: implications for the self-assembly of chlorosomes. Photochem Photobiol 2006; 80:572-8. [PMID: 15623345 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2004)080<0572:eocamd>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c from chlorosomes, the main light-harvesting complex of green bacteria, has been studied in aqueous buffer. Unlike other chlorophyll-like molecules, BChl c is rather soluble in aqueous buffer, forming dimers. When BChl c is mixed with carotenoids (Car), the BChl c Qy transition is further redshifted, in respect to that of monomers and dimers. The results suggest that Car are incorporated in the aggregates and induce further aggregation of BChl c. The redshift of the BChl c Qy band is proportional to the Car concentration. In contrast, the mixture of bacteriochlorophyllide (BChlide) c, which lacks the nonpolar esterifying alcohol, does not form aggregates with Car in aqueous buffer or nonpolar solvents. Instead, the position of the BChlide c Qy transition remains unshifted in respect to that of the monomeric molecule, and Car precipitates with the course of time in aqueous buffer. Similar effects on both BChl c and BChlide c are also observed when monogalactosyl diglyceride (MGDG), which forms the monolayer envelope of chlorosomes, is used instead of (or together with) Car. The results show that the hydrophobic interactions of the BChl c esterifying alcohols with themselves and the nonpolar carbon skeleton of Car, or the fatty acid tails of MGDG, are essential driving forces for BChl aggregation in chlorosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Klinger
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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10
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Hughes JL, Razeghifard R, Logue M, Oakley A, Wydrzynski T, Krausz E. Magneto-Optic Spectroscopy of a Protein Tetramer Binding Two Exciton-Coupled Chlorophylls. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:3649-58. [PMID: 16536537 DOI: 10.1021/ja056576b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In vitro chlorophyll (Chl) aggregates have often served as models for in vivo forms of long-wavelength Chl. However, the interaction of protein-bound Chl molecules is typically different than that occurring in solvent-based self-aggregates. We have chosen a water-soluble Chl-binding protein (WSCP) from cauliflower in order to help characterize the spectroscopic properties of Chl in a single well-defined native environment and also to study the pigment-pigment (exciton) interactions present in assemblies of this protein. WSCP forms tetrameric units upon binding two Chl molecules. We present the absorption, circular dichroism (CD), magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), and emission spectra at 1.7 K of recombinant WSCP tetramers containing either Chl a or Chl d. The spectroscopic characteristics provide evidence for significant exciton interaction between equivalent Chl molecules. Our simple exciton analysis allows an estimate of the molecular geometry of the dimer, which is predicted to have an "open sandwich"-type structure. We find that the ratio of the magnetic circular dichroism to absorption, deltaA/A, is substantially increased (approximately 60%) for Chl a in this system compared to its value in solution. This increase is in marked contrast to substantial reductions (>50%) of deltaA/A seen in solvent-based Chl aggregates and in photosynthetic reaction centers. Current theoretical models are unable to account for such large variations in the MCD to absorption ratio for Chl. We propose that spectroscopic studies of WSCP mutants will enable a fundamental understanding of Chl-Chl and Chl-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Hughes
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
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11
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Self-aggregates of bacteriochlorophylls-c, d and e in a light-harvesting antenna system of green photosynthetic bacteria: Effect of stereochemistry at the chiral 3-(1-hydroxyethyl) group on the supramolecular arrangement of chlorophyllous pigments. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2005.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Psencík J, Ikonen TP, Laurinmäki P, Merckel MC, Butcher SJ, Serimaa RE, Tuma R. Lamellar organization of pigments in chlorosomes, the light harvesting complexes of green photosynthetic bacteria. Biophys J 2005; 87:1165-72. [PMID: 15298919 PMCID: PMC1304455 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.104.040956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorosomes of green photosynthetic bacteria constitute the most efficient light harvesting complexes found in nature. In addition, the chlorosome is the only known photosynthetic system where the majority of pigments (BChl) is not organized in pigment-protein complexes but instead is assembled into aggregates. Because of the unusual organization, the chlorosome structure has not been resolved and only models, in which BChl pigments were organized into large rods, were proposed on the basis of freeze-fracture electron microscopy and spectroscopic constraints. We have obtained the first high-resolution images of chlorosomes from the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium tepidum by cryoelectron microscopy. Cryoelectron microscopy images revealed dense striations approximately 20 A apart. X-ray scattering from chlorosomes exhibited a feature with the same approximately 20 A spacing. No evidence for the rod models was obtained. The observed spacing and tilt-series cryoelectron microscopy projections are compatible with a lamellar model, in which BChl molecules aggregate into semicrystalline lateral arrays. The diffraction data further indicate that arrays are built from BChl dimers. The arrays form undulating lamellae, which, in turn, are held together by interdigitated esterifying alcohol tails, carotenoids, and lipids. The lamellar model is consistent with earlier spectroscopic data and provides insight into chlorosome self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Psencík
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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13
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Wang ZY, Kadota T, Kobayashi M, Kasuya A, Nozawa T. NMR Relaxation Study of the Bacteriochlorophyll c in Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp040422l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yu Wang
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kadota
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kasuya
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tsunenori Nozawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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Miyatake T, Tamiaki H, Fujiwara M, Matsushita T. Coaggregate of amphiphilic zinc chlorins with synthetic surfactants in an aqueous medium to an artificial supramolecular light-harvesting system. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:2173-8. [PMID: 15080917 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2003] [Revised: 02/19/2004] [Accepted: 02/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous assemblies of zinc chlorins possessing a nonionic (oligo)oxyethylene, a cationic quaternary ammonium or an anionic sulfonate group were prepared in the presence of a synthetic surfactant. The nonionic zinc chlorin formed aggregates when admixed with a nonionic surfactant such as Triton X-100 to give a highly ordered oligomeric J-aggregate similarly as natural bacteriochlorophyll-c or d does in a chlorosome. In addition, the coassemblies of the cationic zinc chlorin with an anionic surfactant and of the anionic zinc chlorin with a cationic surfactant gave large oligomers of these chlorophyllous pigments. The structures of hydrophilic groups in both the zinc chlorin and surfactant molecules controlled their aqueous coassemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Miyatake
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan.
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16
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Umetsu M, Hollander JG, Matysik J, Wang ZY, Adschiri T, Nozawa T, de Groot HJM. Magic-Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance under Ultrahigh Field Reveals Two Forms of Intermolecular Interaction within CH2Cl2-Treated (3R)-Type Bacteriochlorophyll c Solid Aggregate. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp034957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Umetsu
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan, and Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Johan G. Hollander
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan, and Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan, and Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Zheng-Yu Wang
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan, and Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Adschiri
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan, and Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tsunenori Nozawa
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan, and Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Huub J. M. de Groot
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan, and Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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17
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Umetsu M, Seki R, Kadota T, Wang ZY, Adschiri T, Nozawa T. Dynamic Exchange Properties of the Antiparallel Bacteriochlorophyll c Dimers. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035124n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Umetsu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Interdisciplinary Science, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Seki
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Interdisciplinary Science, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kadota
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Interdisciplinary Science, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Zheng-Yu Wang
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Interdisciplinary Science, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Adschiri
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Interdisciplinary Science, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tsunenori Nozawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Interdisciplinary Science, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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Miyatake T, Tamiaki H, Shinoda H, Fujiwara M, Matsushita T. Synthesis and self-assembly of amphiphilic zinc chlorins possessing a 31-hydroxy group. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)01328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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