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Murakami T, Takahashi S, Kikuma Y, Takayanagi T. Theoretical Study of the Thermal Rate Coefficients of the H 3+ + C 2H 4 Reaction: Dynamics Study on a Full-Dimensional Potential Energy Surface. Molecules 2024; 29:2789. [PMID: 38930853 PMCID: PMC11206701 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ion-molecular reactions play a significant role in molecular evolution within the interstellar medium. In this study, the entrance channel reaction, H3+ + C2H4 → H2 + C2H5+, was investigated using classical molecular dynamic (classical MD) and ring polymer molecular dynamic (RPMD) simulation techniques. We developed an analytical potential energy surface function with a permutationally invariant polynomial basis, specifically employing the monomial symmetrized approach. Our dynamic simulations reproduced the rate coefficient of 300 K for H3+ + C2H4 → H2 + C2H5+, aligning reasonably well with the values in the kinetic database commonly utilized in astrochemistry. The thermal rate coefficients obtained using both the classical MD and RPMD techniques exhibited an increase from 100 K to 300 K as the temperature rose. Additionally, we analyzed the excess energy distribution of the C2H5+ fragment with respect to temperature to investigate the indirect reaction pathway of C2H5+ → H2 + C2H3+. This result suggests that the indirect reaction pathway of C2H5+ → H2 + C2H3+ holds minor significance, although the distribution highly depends on the collisional temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiro Murakami
- Department of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama City 338-8570, Japan; (S.T.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Materials & Life Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Soma Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama City 338-8570, Japan; (S.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yuya Kikuma
- Department of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama City 338-8570, Japan; (S.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Toshiyuki Takayanagi
- Department of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama City 338-8570, Japan; (S.T.); (Y.K.)
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Wojnowski W, Marć M, Kalinowska K, Kosmela P, Zabiegała B. Emission Profiles of Volatiles during 3D Printing with ABS, ASA, Nylon, and PETG Polymer Filaments. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123814. [PMID: 35744939 PMCID: PMC9229569 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this short communication we characterize the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing using four polymer materials, namely polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), Nylon, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Detailed emission profiles are obtained during thermal degradation of the polymers as a function of temperature and also in real-time during 3D printing. Direct quantitative measurement was performed using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS). Qualitative determination of the volatiles emitted from the printed elements at various temperatures was accomplished using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The emission rates of VOCs differ significantly between the different polymer filaments, with the emission from Nylon and PETG more than an order of magnitude lower than that of ABS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Wojnowski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.M.); (K.K.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariusz Marć
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.M.); (K.K.); (B.Z.)
| | - Kaja Kalinowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.M.); (K.K.); (B.Z.)
| | - Paulina Kosmela
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Bożena Zabiegała
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.M.); (K.K.); (B.Z.)
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Ionization of semi-fluorinated n-alkanes in controlled atmosphere using flexible micro-tube plasma (FμTP) ionization source with square- and sine-wave voltage. Talanta 2022; 249:123662. [PMID: 35691129 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma-based ionization sources have been widely used and shown excellent soft ionization performance in mass spectrometry. Despite their extensive application, the ionization mechanisms of these sources are of great interest for further exploring their full potential. A controlled atmosphere can provide a clean and controllable ionization environment and is beneficial for studying the ionization mechanism. The plasma source itself also has a significant impact on the ionization mechanism of the analyte, and the voltage waveform is one of the key parameters for controlling the plasma source. In this paper, a miniature flexible micro-tube plasma (FμTP) ionization source was sustained using both square and sine-wave voltage. The ionization processes of typical semi-fluorinated n-alkanes (SFAs) were investigated in the controlled atmosphere filled with 80% N2 and 20% O2. The main mass peaks using both square and sine-wave voltages are found to be [M-mH]+ and [M-mH+nO]+ (m = 1, 3; n = 0, 1, 2). However, for the square-wave voltage, the [M-H+O]+ species are the most abundant while [M-H]+ species are dominant for the sine-wave voltage, showing that the plasma generated with sine-wave voltage is somewhat "softer" than the one with square-wave voltage for SFAs. With the assistance of optical spectroscopy, the plasma developments in one discharge cycle for both voltage waveforms were obtained. Only one discharge can be found in each half cycle for square-wave voltage while several for the sine-wave voltage. These would be responsible for the different ionization behaviors in these two cases. This work provides more insight into the ionization mechanism of SFAs and more understanding of plasma-based soft ionization. In addition, the analytical performance was evaluated to be comparable when using these two voltage generators with a big difference in cost, which will benefit the instrumental development.
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Bräkling S, Kroll K, Klee S, Benter T, Kersten H. Hydrogen Plasma-Based Medium Pressure Chemical Ionization Source for GC-TOFMS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:499-509. [PMID: 35164508 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The construction, critical evaluation, and performance assessment of a medium-pressure (2-13 mbar), high-temperature chemical ionization (CI) source for application in GC-MS is described. The ion source is coupled to a commercial time-of-flight (TOF) mass analyzer. Reagent ions are generated in a two staged process. The first stage uses a filament free, helical resonator plasma (HRP) driven ion source for H3+ generation. Reagent gases, for example, nitrogen, isobutane, and methane are added in a second stage to the H3+ stream, which leads to the formation of final protonation reagents. The GC effluent is added subsequently to the reagent ion gas stream. Designed for the hyphenation with gas chromatography, this GC-CI-TOFMS combination produces GC limited Gaussian peak shapes even for high boiling point compounds. Limits of detection for the compounds investigated are determined as 0.4-1.2 pg on column with nitrogen, 0.6-12.6 pg with isobutane, and 2 pg to >25 pg with methane as reagent gas, respectively. An EPA 8270 LCS mix containing 78 main EPA pollutants is used to evaluate the selectivity of the different reagent ions. Using nitrogen as reagent gas, 74 of 78 compounds are detected. In comparison, 41 of 78 compounds and 62 of 78 compounds are detected with isobutane or methane as CI reagent gas, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Bräkling
- TOFWERK AG, 3645 Thun, Switzerland
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kai Kroll
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - Thorsten Benter
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hendrik Kersten
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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Cabezas C, Roueff E, Tercero B, Agúndez M, Marcelino N, de Vicente P, Cernicharo J. Detection of deuterated methylcyanoacetylene, CH 2DC 3N, in TMC-1. ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2021; 650:L15. [PMID: 34321677 PMCID: PMC7611387 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202141371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the first detection in space of the single deuterated isotopologue of methylcyanoacetylene, CH2DC3N. A total of fifteen rotational transitions, with J = 8-12 and Ka = 0 and 1, were identified for this species in TMC-1 in the 31.0-50.4 GHz range using the Yebes 40m radio telescope. The observed frequencies were used to derive for the first time the spectroscopic parameters of this deuterated isotopologue. We derive a column density of (8.0 ± 0.4) × 1010 cm-2. The abundance ratio between CH3C3N and CH2DC3N is ∼22. We also theoretically computed the principal spectroscopic constants of 13C isotopologues of CH3C3N and CH3C4H and those of the deuterated isotopologues of CH3C4H for which we could expect a similar degree of deuteration enhancement. However, we have not detected either CH2DC4H nor CH3C4D nor any 13C isotopologue. The different observed deuterium ratios in TMC-1 are reasonably accounted for by a gas phase chemical model where the low temperature conditions favor deuteron transfer through reactions with H2D+.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cabezas
- Grupo de Astrofísica Molecular, Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), C/ Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Roueff
- LERMA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, 92190 Meudon, France
| | - B Tercero
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (IGN), C/ Alfonso XII, 3, 28014, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Desarrollos Tecnológicos, Observatorio de Yebes (IGN), 19141 Yebes, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - M Agúndez
- Grupo de Astrofísica Molecular, Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), C/ Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Marcelino
- Grupo de Astrofísica Molecular, Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), C/ Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - P de Vicente
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (IGN), C/ Alfonso XII, 3, 28014, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cernicharo
- Grupo de Astrofísica Molecular, Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), C/ Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Salazar Gómez JI, Klucken C, Sojka M, Masliuk L, Lunkenbein T, Schlögl R, Ruland H. Elucidation of artefacts in proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometers. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:987-1002. [PMID: 31758619 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present an effective procedure to differentiate instrumental artefacts, such as parasitic ions, memory effects, and real trace impurities contained in inert gases. Three different proton transfer reaction mass spectrometers were used in order to identify instrument-specific parasitic ions. The methodology reveals new nitrogen- and metal-containing ions that up to date have not been reported. The parasitic ion signal was dominated by [N2 ]H+ and [NH3 ]H+ rather than by the common ions NO+ and O2 + . Under dry conditions in a proton transfer reaction quadrupole interface time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-QiTOF), the ion abundances of [N2 ]H+ were elevated compared with the signals in the presence of humidity. In contrast, the [NH3 ]H+ ion did not show a clear humidity dependency. On the other hand, two PTR-TOF1000 instruments showed no significant contribution of the [N2 ]H+ ion, which supports the idea of [N2 ]H+ formation in the quadrupole interface of the PTR-QiTOF. Many new nitrogen-containing ions were identified, and three different reaction sequences showing a similar reaction mechanism were established. Additionally, several metal-containing ions, their oxides, and hydroxides were formed in the three PTR instruments. However, their relative ion abundancies were below 0.03% in all cases. Within the series of metal-containing ions, the highest contribution under dry conditions was assigned to the [Fe(OH)2 ]H+ ion. Only in one PTR-TOF1000 the Fe+ ion appeared as dominant species compared with the [Fe(OH)2 ]H+ ion. The present analysis and the resulting database can be used as a tool for the elucidation of artefacts in mass spectra and, especially in cases, where dilution with inert gases play a significant role, preventing misinterpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Iván Salazar Gómez
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christian Klucken
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
| | - Martha Sojka
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
| | - Liudmyla Masliuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Lunkenbein
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Ruland
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
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7
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Gyr L, Klute FD, Franzke J, Zenobi R. Characterization of a Nitrogen-Based Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization Source for Mass Spectrometry Reveals Factors Important for Soft Ionization. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6865-6871. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luzia Gyr
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix D. Klute
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften − ISAS − e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Strasse 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Joachim Franzke
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften − ISAS − e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Strasse 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Chakraborty A, Lee YP. Formation and infrared identification of protonated fluoranthene isomers 3-, 9-, and 10-C 16H 11+ in solid para-H 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:1820-1829. [PMID: 30628616 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05849k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and their derivatives are prospective carriers of unidentified infrared (UIR) emission features observed in interstellar media. Fluoranthene (C16H10) is a simple planar PAH with five- and six-membered rings; it can be considered as a fragment of C60, which, along with its cationic counterpart, has been identified in interstellar media. Protonated fluoranthene, C16H11+, was generated upon electron bombardment during deposition at 3.2 K of p-H2 containing fluoranthene in a small proportion. The intensities of infrared features of C16H11+ decreased after maintaining the matrix in darkness because of its neutralization with trapped electrons. According to the correlations in intensities upon neutralization and secondary photolysis, observed lines were classified into three groups which are assigned to isomers 3-C16H11+, 9-C16H11+, and 10-C16H11+. Experimental vibrational wavenumbers and relative IR intensities of the features agree with corresponding calculated values predicted for these three isomers of C16H11+ with the B3PW91/6-311++G(2d,2p) method. 3-C16H11+ and 9-C16H11+ are predicted to have the lowest energy (within 5 kJ mol-1), whereas 10- and 1-C16H11+ are lying above the global minimum 3-C16H11+ by ∼20 kJ mol-1. However, definitive identification of 1-C16H11+ could not be made as only the most intense line is tentatively assigned. Although the observed spectra of these isomers match unsatisfactorily with the UIR bands, they will facilitate the potential terrestrial and extraterrestrial identification of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Chakraborty
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
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Ekanayake N, Severt T, Nairat M, Weingartz NP, Farris BM, Kaderiya B, Feizollah P, Jochim B, Ziaee F, Borne K, Raju P K, Carnes KD, Rolles D, Rudenko A, Levine BG, Jackson JE, Ben-Itzhak I, Dantus M. H 2 roaming chemistry and the formation of H 3+ from organic molecules in strong laser fields. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5186. [PMID: 30518927 PMCID: PMC6281587 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07577-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Roaming mechanisms, involving the brief generation of a neutral atom or molecule that stays in the vicinity before reacting with the remaining atoms of the precursor, are providing valuable insights into previously unexplained chemical reactions. Here, the mechanistic details and femtosecond time-resolved dynamics of H3+ formation from a series of alcohols with varying primary carbon chain lengths are obtained through a combination of strong-field laser excitation studies and ab initio molecular dynamics calculations. For small alcohols, four distinct pathways involving hydrogen migration and H2 roaming prior to H3+ formation are uncovered. Despite the increased number of hydrogens and possible combinations leading to H3+ formation, the yield decreases as the carbon chain length increases. The fundamental mechanistic findings presented here explore the formation of H3+, the most important ion in interstellar chemistry, through H2 roaming occurring in ionic species. H2 roaming is associated with H3+ formation when certain organic molecules are exposed to strong laser fields. Here, the mechanistic details and time-resolved dynamics of H3+ formation from a series of alcohols were obtained and found that the product yield decreases as the carbon chain length increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagitha Ekanayake
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Travis Severt
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Muath Nairat
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Nicholas P Weingartz
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Benjamin M Farris
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Balram Kaderiya
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Peyman Feizollah
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Bethany Jochim
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Farzaneh Ziaee
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Kurtis Borne
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Kanaka Raju P
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Kevin D Carnes
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Daniel Rolles
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Artem Rudenko
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Benjamin G Levine
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - James E Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Itzik Ben-Itzhak
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Marcos Dantus
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA. .,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Demirjian S, Paschke KM, Wang X, Grove D, Heyka RJ, Dweik RA. Molecular breath analysis identifies the breathprint of renal failure. J Breath Res 2017; 11:026009. [DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/aa7143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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11
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Shen S, Chai Y, Dai L, Li C, Pan Y. Gas-phase C α C β double bond cleavage in the dissociation of protonated 2-benzylidenecyclopentanones: Dissociative proton transfer and intramolecular proton-transport catalysis. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Gronowski M, Kołos R. A THEORETICAL STUDY ON THE INTERSTELLAR SYNTHESIS OF H2NCS+AND HNCSH+CATIONS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/792/2/89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Langford VS, Graves I, McEwan MJ. Rapid monitoring of volatile organic compounds: a comparison between gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:10-8. [PMID: 24285385 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The gold standard for monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). However, in many situations, when VOC concentrations are at the ppmv level, there are complicating factors for GC/MS. Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) is an emerging technique for monitoring VOCs in air. It is simpler to use and provides results in real time. METHODS Three different experiments were used for the comparison. First SIFT-MS was applied to monitor the concentrations of 25 VOCs in a mixture at concentrations up to 1 ppmv using only a generic database for known kinetic data of three reagent ions (H3O(+), NO(+) and O2(+)) with each VOC. In experiment 2, a side-by-side comparison was made of 17 VOCs at concentrations between 1 ppmv and 5 ppbv after small corrections had been made to the SIFT-MS kinetic data. In a third experiment, a side-by-side comparison examined two groups of samples received for commercial analysis. RESULTS In experiment 1, 85% of the VOC concentrations were within 35% of their stated values without any calibration of the SIFT-MS instrument. In experiment 2, the two techniques yielded good correspondence between the measured VOC concentrations. In experiment 3, good correlation was found for VOCs from three of the samples. However, interferences from some product ions gave over-reported values in one sample from the SIFT-MS instrument. CONCLUSIONS These three experiments showed that GC/MS was better suited to monitoring samples containing large numbers of VOCs at high concentrations. In all other applications, SIFT-MS proved simpler to use, was linear with concentration over a much wider concentration range than GC/MS and provided faster results.
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14
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Sun H, Chai Y, Pan Y. Dissociative Benzyl Cation Transfer versus Proton Transfer: Loss of Benzene from Protonated N-Benzylaniline. J Org Chem 2012; 77:7098-102. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301011e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hezhi Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
310027, China
| | - Yunfeng Chai
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
310027, China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
310027, China
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15
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Wampler B, Barringer SA. Volatile Generation in Bell Peppers during Frozen Storage and Thawing Using Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS). J Food Sci 2012; 77:C677-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Fatemi MH, Moghaddam MR. Quantitative structure-property prediction of ion-molecule rate constants for proton transfer reaction between H3O+ and volatile organic compound. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:574-580. [PMID: 22549992 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study based on multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) techniques was carried out to investigate the ion-molecules rate constants for proton transfer reaction between hydronuim ion (H(3)O(+)) and some important volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A collection of 50 VOCs was chosen as data set that was randomly divided into three groups, training, internal and external test sets consist of 40, 5 and 5 molecules, respectively. A total of five independent variables selected by stepwise multilinear regression are electronic, geometric, topological type descriptors. The ANN model was developed by using the five descriptors appearing in the MLR model as inputs. Among developed models, the best QSPR model was the ANN model that produced a reasonable level of mean square error MSE(train) = 0.021, MSE(external) = 0.186, MSE(internal) = 0.110. The rate constants calculated by this model are in very good agreement with experimental values. The result of this study reveals the applicability of QSPR approaches in prediction of ion-molecules rate constants for proton transfer reaction of VOCs from their molecular structural descriptors.
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Chai Y, Guo C, Jiang K, Pan Y, Sun C. Cα–Cβand Cα–N bond cleavage in the dissociation of protonated N–benzyllactams: dissociative proton transfer and intramolecular proton-transport catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:791-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06020a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Harris GA, Hostetler DM, Hampton CY, Fernández FM. Comparison of the internal energy deposition of direct analysis in real time and electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2010; 21:855-863. [PMID: 20181493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2010.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The internal energy (E(int)) distributions of a series of p-substituted benzylpyridinium ions generated by both direct analysis in real time (DART) and electrospray ionization (ESI) were compared using the "survival yield" method. DART mean E(int) values at gas flow rates of 2, 4, and 6 L min(-1), and at set temperatures of 175, 250, and 325 degrees C were in the 1.92-2.21 eV range. ESI mean E(int) at identical temperatures in aqueous and 50% methanol solutions ranged between 1.71 and 1.96 eV, and 1.53 and 1.63 eV, respectively. Although the results indicated that ESI is a "softer" ionization technique than DART, there was overlap between the two techniques for the particular time-of-flight mass spectrometer used. As a whole, there was an increase in E(int) with increasing reactive and drying gas temperatures for DART and ESI, respectively, indicating thermal ion activation. Three dimensional computational fluid dynamic simulations in combination with direct temperature measurements within the DART ionization region revealed complex inversely coupled fluid-thermal phenomena affecting ion E(int) values during atmospheric transport. Primarily, that DART gas temperature in the ionization region was appreciably less than the set gas temperature of DART due to the set gas flow rates. There was no evidence of E(int) deposition pathways from metastable-stimulated desorption, but fragmentation induced by high-energy helium metastables was observed at the highest gas flow rates and temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn A Harris
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30317, USA
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Chiper AS, Blin-Simiand N, Heninger M, Mestdagh H, Boissel P, Jorand F, Lemaire J, Leprovost J, Pasquiers S, Popa G, Postel C. Detailed Characterization of 2-Heptanone Conversion by Dielectric Barrier Discharge in N2 and N2/O2 Mixtures. J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:397-407. [DOI: 10.1021/jp907295d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Silvia Chiper
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Nicole Blin-Simiand
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Michel Heninger
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Hélène Mestdagh
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Pierre Boissel
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - François Jorand
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Joël Lemaire
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Julien Leprovost
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Stéphane Pasquiers
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Gheorghe Popa
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Christian Postel
- Plasma Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, A1.l. Cuza University, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania, and Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8578), Bât. 210, AlyXan, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 207B, and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS (UMR 8000), Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay, France
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Sazonov AB, Ostroverkhova AA, Magomedbekov EP. A quantum-chemical study of the interaction of the HeT+ ion with cycloalkanes and their oxidation products. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024407120163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tanarro I, Herrero VJ, Islyaikin AM, Méndez I, Tabarés FL, Tafalla D. Ion Chemistry in Cold Plasmas of H2 with CH4 and N2. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:9003-12. [PMID: 17722894 DOI: 10.1021/jp073569w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The distributions of ions and neutrals in low-pressure (approximately 10(-2) mbar) DC discharges of pure hydrogen and hydrogen with small admixtures (5%) of CH(4) and N(2) have been determined by mass spectrometry. Besides the mentioned plasma precursors, appreciable amounts of NH(3) and C(2)H(x) hydrocarbons, probably mostly from wall reactions, are detected in the gas phase. Primary ions, formed by electron impact in the glow region, undergo a series of charge transfer and reactive collisions that determine the ultimate ion distribution in the various plasmas. A comparison of the ion mass spectra for the different mixtures, taking into account the mass spectra of neutrals, provides interesting information on the key reactions among ions. The prevalent ion is H3+ in all cases, and the ion chemistry is dominated by protonation reactions of this ion and some of its derivatives. Besides the purely hydrogenic ions, N(2)H+, NH(4)+, and CH(5)+ are found in significant amounts. The only mixed C/N ion clearly identified is protonated acetonitrile C(2)H(4)N+. The results suggest that very little HCN is formed in the plasmas under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tanarro
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain. itanarro@ iem.cfmac.csic.es
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McLain JL, Poterya V, Molek CD, Jackson DM, Babcock LM, Adams NG. C3H3+ Isomers: Temperature Dependencies of Production in the H3+ Reaction with Allene and Loss by Dissociative Recombination with Electrons. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:5119-23. [PMID: 16833865 DOI: 10.1021/jp0444159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A technique has been developed to simultaneously determine recombination rate coefficients, alpha e, and initial concentrations of ion types that coexist in a flowing afterglow plasma. This was tested using the H3(+) + allene reaction in which two different C3H3+ isomers are produced. Use of an electrostatic Langmuir probe enabled the C3H3+ isomer branching ratios for propargyl and cyclic C3H3+ from this allene reaction and their alpha e to be determined over the temperature range 172-489 K. The study showed that the cyclic C3H3+ to propargyl C3H3+ branching ratios from the allene reaction varied from 50/50 at 172 K to 18/82 at 489 K. Over this temperature range, the alpha e for both isomers change only slightly. The room temperature alpha e values for propargyl and cyclic C3H3+ are (1.15 +/- 0.2) x 10(-7) and (8.00 +/- 0.1) x 10(-7) cm3/s, respectively. The data are discussed relative to current theories and in relation to fuel-rich flame chemistry, interstellar molecular synthesis, and modeling of Titan's atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L McLain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Francis GJ, Wilson PF, Maclagan RGAR, Freeman CG, Meot-Ner M, McEwan MJ. Ionic Reactions between Formaldehyde and Hydrocarbons. H2 Transfer as a Hydrogenation Mechanism in Astrochemistry. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp048128g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J. Francis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
| | - Paul F. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
| | | | - Colin G. Freeman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
| | - Michael Meot-Ner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
| | - Murray J. McEwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
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McLain JL, Poterya V, Molek CD, Babcock LM, Adams NG. Flowing Afterglow Studies of the Temperature Dependencies for Dissociative Recombination of O2+, CH5+, C2H5+, and C6H7+ with Electrons. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp040215l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason L. McLain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Viktoriya Poterya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | | | - Lucia M. Babcock
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Nigel G. Adams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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Solimannejad M, Boutalib A. G2 Molecular Orbital Investigation of OCH+−XH, OCH+−X2, and OCH+−XY(YX) (X = Y = F, Cl, and Br) Proton Bond Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0496250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Solimannejad
- Quantum Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Arak University, 38156-879 Arak, Iran
| | - Abderrahim Boutalib
- Département de Chimie, Université Cadi Ayyad, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, B.P. 2390 Marrakech, Morocco
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Geppert WD, Thomas R, Ehlerding A, Semaniak J, Osterdahl F, af Ugglas M, Djurić N, Paál A, Larsson M. Extraordinary branching ratios in astrophysically important dissociative recombination reactions. Faraday Discuss 2004; 127:425-37. [PMID: 15471358 DOI: 10.1039/b314005a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Branching ratios of the dissociative recombination reactions of the astrophysically relevant ions DCO+, N2H+ and DOCO+ (as substitute for HOCO+) have been measured using the CRYRING storage ring at the Manne Siegbahn Laboratory at the University of Stockholm, Sweden. For DCO+, the channel leading to D and CO was by far the most important one (branching ratio 0.88), only small contributions of the CD + O and OD + C product pathways (branching ratios 0.06 each) were recorded. In the case of N2H+ the surprising result of a break-up of the N-N bond to N and NH (branching ratio 0.64) was found with the branching ratio of the N2 + H product channel therefore displaying a branching ratio of only 0.36. In the case of DOCO+, the three-body break-up into D + O + CO dominated (branching ratio 0.68), whereas the contribution of the CO2 + H channel was only minute (0.05). The remaining share (branching ratio 0.27) was taken by the pathway leading to OH + CO. For the dissociative recombination of N2H+ and DOCO+ also absolute reaction cross sections were obtained in the collisional energy range between 0 and 1 eV. From these cross sections it was possible to work out the thermal rate constants, which were found to be k(T) = 1.0+/-0.1 x 10(-7) (T/300 K)(-0.51+/-0.02) cm3 s(-1) and k(T) = 1.2+/-0.1 x 10(-6) (T/300 K)(-0.64+/-0.02) cm3 S(-1) for N2H+ and DOCO+, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf D Geppert
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Alba Nova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Midey AJ, Williams S, Arnold ST, Viggiano AA. Reactions of H3O+(H2O)0,1 with Alkylbenzenes from 298 to 1200 K. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp014141e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Midey
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts 01731-3010
| | - Skip Williams
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts 01731-3010
| | - Susan T. Arnold
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts 01731-3010
| | - A. A. Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, 29 Randolph Road, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts 01731-3010
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