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Jia MX, Wang QD, Ren XF, Kang GJ. Benchmarking Composite Methods for Thermodynamic Properties of Nitro, Nitrite, and Nitrate Species Relevant to Energetic Materials. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.140360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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2
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Baradyn M, Ratkiewicz A. On-The-Fly Kinetics of the Hydrogen Abstraction by Hydroperoxyl Radical: An Application of the Reaction Class Transition State Theory. Front Chem 2022; 9:806873. [PMID: 35174142 PMCID: PMC8841336 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.806873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A Reaction Class Transition State Theory (RC-TST) is applied to calculate thermal rate constants for hydrogen abstraction by OOH radical from alkanes in the temperature range of 300–2500 K. The rate constants for the reference reaction C2H6 + ∙OOH → ∙C2H5 + H2O2, is obtained with the Canonical Variational Transition State Theory (CVT) augmented with the Small Curvature Tunneling (SCT) correction. The necessary parameters were obtained from M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ data for a training set of 24 reactions. Depending on the approximation employed, only the reaction energy or no additional parameters are needed to predict the RC-TST rates for other class representatives. Although each of the reactions can in principle be investigated at higher levels of theory, the approach provides a nearly equally reliable rate constant at a fraction of the cost needed for larger and higher level calculations. The systematic error is smaller than 50% in comparison with high level computations. Satisfactory agreement with literature data, augmented by the lack of necessity of tedious and time consuming transition state calculations, facilitated the seamless application of the proposed methodology to the Automated Reaction Mechanism Generators (ARMGs) programs.
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Xu S, Wang QD, Sun MM, Yin G, Liang J. Benchmark calculations for bond dissociation energies and enthalpy of formation of chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. RSC Adv 2021; 11:29690-29701. [PMID: 35479574 PMCID: PMC9040899 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05391d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermodynamic properties, i.e., bond dissociation energies and enthalpy of formation, of chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons play a fundamental role in understanding their formation mechanisms and reactivity. Computational electronic structure calculations routinely used to predict thermodynamic properties of various species are limited for these compounds due to large computational cost to obtain accurate results by employing high-level wave function theory methods. In this work, a number of composite model chemistry methods (CBS-QB3, G3MP2, G3, and G4) are used to compute bond dissociation energies and enthalpies of formation of small to medium-size chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. The enthalpy of formation is derived via the atomization method and compared against the recommended values. Statistical analysis indicates that G4 is the best method. For comparison, three commonly used density functional theory (DFT) methods (M06-2X, ωB97X-D and B2PLYP-D3) with various basis sets including 6-311++G(d, p), cc-pVTZ, and cc-pVQZ in the prediction of bond dissociation energies and enthalpies of formation have been tested using the optimized geometries at the same M06-2X/6-311++G(d, p) level of theory. It is found that ωB97X-D/6-311++G(d, p) shows the best performance in computing the bond dissociation energies, while ωB97X-D/cc-pVTZ exhibits the best prediction in enthalpy of formation of the studied reaction systems. The structural effect on the bond dissociation energies and enthalpy of formation of chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are then systematically analyzed. Based on comparisons of the various methods, reliable DFT methods are recommended for future theoretical studies on large chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons considering both accuracy and computational cost. This work, to the authors' knowledge, is the first to systematically benchmark theoretical methods for the accurate prediction of thermodynamic properties for chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Benchmark calculations using state-of-the-art DFT functionals and composite methods for bond dissociation energy and enthalpy of formation of halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are performed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenying Xu
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University Yibin Sichuan 644000 People's Republic of China
| | - Quan-De Wang
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University Yibin Sichuan 644000 People's Republic of China .,Low Carbon Energy Institute and School of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221008 People's Republic of China
| | - Mao-Mao Sun
- Low Carbon Energy Institute and School of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221008 People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Yin
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University Yibin Sichuan 644000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhu Liang
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University Yibin Sichuan 644000 People's Republic of China .,School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China Taiyuan 030051 People's Republic of China
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Pratali Maffei L, Faravelli T, Cavallotti C, Pelucchi M. Electronic structure-based rate rules for ipso addition-elimination reactions on mono-aromatic hydrocarbons with single and double OH/CH 3/OCH 3/CHO/C 2H 5 substituents: a systematic theoretical investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20368-20387. [PMID: 32901626 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03099f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The recent interest in bio-oils combustion and the key role of mono-aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) in existing kinetic frameworks, both in terms of poly-aromatic hydrocarbons growth and surrogate fuels formulation, motivates the current systematic theoretical investigation of one of the relevant reaction classes in MAHs pyrolysis and oxidation: ipso substitution by hydrogen. State-of-the-art theoretical methods and protocols implemented in automatized computational routines allowed to investigate 14 different potential energy surfaces involving MAHs with hydroxy and methyl single (phenol and toluene) and double (o-,m-,p-C6H4(OH)2, o-,m-,p-CH3C6H4OH, and o-,m-,p-C6H4(CH3)2) substituents, providing rate constants for direct implementation in existing kinetic models. The accuracy of the adopted theoretical method was validated by comparison of the computed rate constants with the available literature data. Systematic trends in energy barriers, pre-exponential factors, and temperature dependence of the Arrhenius parameters were found, encouraging the formulation of rate rules for ipso substitutions on MAHs. The rules here proposed allow to extrapolate from a reference system the necessary activation energy and pre-exponential factor corrections for a large number of reactions from a limited set of electronic structure calculations. We were able to estimate rate constants for other 63 ipso addition-elimination reactions on di-substituted MAHs, reporting in total 75 rate constants for ipso substitution reactions o-,m-,p-R'C6H4R + → C6H5R + ', with R,R' = OH/CH3/OCH3/CHO/C2H5, in the 300-2000 K range. Additional calculations performed for validation showed that the proposed rate rules are in excellent agreement with the rate constants calculated using the full computational protocol in the 500-2000 K range, generally with errors below 20%, increasing up to 40% in a few cases. The main results of this work are the successful application of automatized electronic structure calculations for the derivation of accurate rate constants for ipso substitution reactions on MAHs, and an efficient and innovative approach for rate rules formulation for this reaction class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Pratali Maffei
- CRECK Modelling Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Tiziano Faravelli
- CRECK Modelling Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Carlo Cavallotti
- CRECK Modelling Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Matteo Pelucchi
- CRECK Modelling Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Kayanuma M, Suzuki S, Choe YK, Shimoi Y. Structure dependency of the reactivity of aromatic hydrocarbons involving the formation of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs). Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Baradyn M, Ratkiewicz A. Kinetics of the Hydrogen Abstraction PAH + •OH → PAH Radical + H 2O Reaction Class: An Application of the Reaction Class Transition State Theory (RC-TST) and Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR). J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:750-763. [PMID: 30596495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b10988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A reaction class transition state theory (RC-TST) augmented with structure-activity relationship (SAR) methodology is applied to predict high-pressure limit thermal rate constants for hydrogen abstraction by •OH radical from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) reaction class in the temperature range of 300-3000 K. The rate constants for the reference reaction of C6H6 + •OH → C6H5 + H2O is calculated by the canonical variational transition state theory (CVT) with small curvature tunneling (SCT). Only the reaction energy is needed to predict RC-TST rates for other processes within the family, the parameters needed were obtained from M06-2X/cc-pVTZ data for a training set of 34 reactions. The systematic error of the resulting RC-TST rates is smaller than 50% in comparison with explicit rate calculations, which facilitates application of the proposed methodology to the automated reaction mechanism generators (ARMGs) schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Baradyn
- Institute of Chemistry , University of Bialystok , ul. Ciolkowskiego 1K 15-245 Bialystok , Poland
| | - Artur Ratkiewicz
- Institute of Chemistry , University of Bialystok , ul. Ciolkowskiego 1K 15-245 Bialystok , Poland
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7
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Wilcox CM, Krechkivska O, Nauta K, Schmidt TW, Kable SH. Jet-Cooled Spectroscopy of ortho-Hydroxycyclohexadienyl Radicals. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:8886-8897. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b07603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Callan M. Wilcox
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Olha Krechkivska
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Klaas Nauta
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Timothy W. Schmidt
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Scott H. Kable
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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8
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Bright CC, Prendergast MB, Kelly PD, Bezzina JP, Blanksby SJ, da Silva G, Trevitt AJ. Highly efficient gas-phase reactivity of protonated pyridine radicals with propene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:31072-31084. [PMID: 29152628 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06644a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Small nitrogen containing heteroaromatics are fundamental building blocks for many biological molecules, including the DNA nucleotides. Pyridine, as a prototypical N-heteroaromatic, has been implicated in the chemical evolution of many extraterrestrial environments, including the atmosphere of Titan. This paper reports on the gas-phase ion-molecule reactions of the three dehydro-N-pyridinium radical cation isomers with propene. Photodissociation ion-trap mass spectrometry experiments are used to measure product branching ratios and reaction kinetics. Reaction efficiencies for 2-dehydro-N-pyridinium, 3-dehydro-N-pyridinium and 4-dehydro-N-pyridinium with propene are 70%, 47% and 41%, respectively. The m/z 106 channel is the major product channel across all cases and assigned 2-, 3-, and 4-vinylpyridinium for each reaction. The m/z 93 channel is also significant and assigned the 2-, 3-, and 4-N-protonated-picolyl radical cation for each case. H-Abstraction from propene is not competitive under experimental conditions. Potential energy schemes, at the M06-2X/6-31(2df,p) level of theory and basis set, are described to assist in rationalising observed product branching ratios and elucidating possible reaction mechanisms. Reaction barriers to the production of vinylpyridinium (m/z 106) + CH3 are the lowest identified for the 3- and 4-dehydro-N-pyridinium reactions, in support of the observed dominance of the m/z 106 ion signal. Ethylene loss via ring-mediated H-transfer along the propyl group is found to be the lowest energy pathway for the 2-dehydro-N-pyridinium reaction, suggesting a preference toward m/z 93 (N-protonated-picolyl radical cation) over the experimentally observed products. Entropic bottle-necks along the m/z 93 pathway however, associated with ring-mediated H-atom transfer, are responsible for the dominance of m/z 106 in the 2-dehydro-N-pyridinium + propene reaction. For all three isomers, computed barriers for all observed reaction channels were below the entrance channel, suggesting these reactions can contribute to molecular weight growth in extraterrestrial environments with accelerated reaction rates in low temperature regions of space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron C Bright
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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Kovacevic G, Sabljic A. Atmospheric oxidation of halogenated aromatics: comparative analysis of reaction mechanisms and reaction kinetics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2017; 19:357-369. [PMID: 28002503 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00577b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric transport is the major route for global distribution of semi-volatile compounds such as halogenated aromatics as well as their major exposure route for humans. Their major atmospheric removal process is oxidation by hydroxyl radicals. There is very little information on the reaction mechanism or reaction-path dynamics of atmospheric degradation of halogenated benzenes. Furthermore, the measured reaction rate constants are missing for the range of environmentally relevant temperatures, i.e. 230-330 K. A series of recent theoretical studies have provided those valuable missing information for fluorobenzene, chlorobenzene, hexafluorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene. Their comparative analysis has provided additional and more general insight into the mechanism of those important tropospheric degradation processes as well as into the mobility, transport and atmospheric fate of halogenated aromatic systems. It was demonstrated for the first time that the addition of hydroxyl radicals to monohalogenated as well as to perhalogenated benzenes proceeds indirectly, via a prereaction complex and its formation and dynamics have been characterized including the respective transition-state. However, in fluorobenzene and chlorobenzene reactions hydroxyl radical hydrogen is pointing approximately to the center of the aromatic ring while in the case of hexafluorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene, unexpectedly, the oxygen is directed towards the center of the aromatic ring. The reliable rate constants are now available for all environmentally relevant temperatures for the tropospheric oxidation of fluorobenzene, chlorobenzene, hexafluorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene while pentachlorophenol, a well-known organic micropollutant, seems to be a major stable product of tropospheric oxidation of hexachlorobenzene. Their calculated tropospheric lifetimes show that fluorobenzene and chlorobenzene are easily removed from the atmosphere and do not have long-range transport potential while hexafluorobenzene seems to be a potential POP chemical and hexachlorobenzene is clearly a typical persistent organic pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Kovacevic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Physical Chemistry, POB 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Republic of Croatia.
| | - Aleksandar Sabljic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Physical Chemistry, POB 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Republic of Croatia.
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10
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Krechkivska O, Wilcox CM, Troy TP, Nauta K, Chan B, Jacob R, Reid SA, Radom L, Schmidt TW, Kable SH. Hydrogen-atom attack on phenol and toluene is ortho-directed. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:8625-36. [PMID: 26948897 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07619f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of H + phenol and H/D + toluene has been studied in a supersonic expansion after electric discharge. The (1 + 1') resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectra of the reaction products, at m/z = parent + 1, or parent + 2 amu, were measured by scanning the first (resonance) laser. The resulting spectra are highly structured. Ionization energies were measured by scanning the second (ionization) laser, while the first laser was tuned to a specific transition. Theoretical calculations, benchmarked to the well-studied H + benzene → cyclohexadienyl radical reaction, were performed. The spectrum arising from the reaction of H + phenol is attributed solely to the ortho-hydroxy-cyclohexadienyl radical, which was found in two conformers (syn and anti). Similarly, the reaction of H/D + toluene formed solely the ortho isomer. The preference for the ortho isomer at 100-200 K in the molecular beam is attributed to kinetic, not thermodynamic effects, caused by an entrance channel barrier that is ∼5 kJ mol(-1) lower for ortho than for other isomers. Based on these results, we predict that the reaction of H + phenol and H + toluene should still favour the ortho isomer under elevated temperature conditions in the early stages of combustion (200-400 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha Krechkivska
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Callan M Wilcox
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Tyler P Troy
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Klaas Nauta
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Bun Chan
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rebecca Jacob
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Scott A Reid
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - Leo Radom
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Timothy W Schmidt
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Scott H Kable
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
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11
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Abhinavam Kailasanathan RK, Thapa J, Goulay F. Kinetic study of the OH radical reaction with phenylacetylene. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:7732-41. [PMID: 25111848 DOI: 10.1021/jp506160p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the OH radical with phenylacetylene is studied over the 298-423 K temperature range and 1-7.5 Torr pressure range in a quasi-static reaction cell. The OH radical is generated by 266 nm photolysis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or 355 nm photolysis of nitrous acid (HONO), and its concentration monitored using laser-induced fluorescence. The measured reaction rates are found to strongly depend on laser fluence at 266 nm. The 266 nm absorption cross-section of phenylacetylene is measured to be 1.29 (±0.71) × 10(-17) cm(2), prohibiting any accurate kinetic measurements at this wavelength. The rates are independent of laser fluence at 355 nm with an average value of 8.75 (±0.73) × 10(-11) cm(3) s(-1). The reaction exhibits no pressure or temperature dependence over the studied experimental conditions and is much faster than the estimated values presently used in combustion models. These results are consistent with the formation of a short lifetime intermediate that stabilizes by collisional quenching with the buffer gas. The structures of the most likely formed products are discussed based on both the computed energies for the OH-addition intermediates and previous theoretical investigations on similar chemical systems.
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Kovacevic G, Sabljic A. Mechanisms and reaction-path dynamics of hydroxyl radical reactions with aromatic hydrocarbons: the case of chlorobenzene. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:851-856. [PMID: 23694732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
All geometries and energies significant for the first step of tropospheric degradation of chlorobenzene were characterized using the MP2/6-31+G(d,p) and G3 methods. A pre-reaction complex for the addition of OH radical to chlorobenzene was found and the associated transition state was determined for the first time. The reaction path for the association of OH radical and chlorobenzene into the pre-reaction complex was extrapolated from the selected low frequency normal mode of pre-reaction complex. The reaction rate constant for addition of OH radical to chlorobenzene was determined for the temperature range 230-330K, using RRKM theory and G3 energies. The calculated rate constants are in agreement with the experimental results. Regioselectivity was also determined for the title reaction from the ratio of respective reaction rates and our results are in very good agreement with the experimental results, which show the dominance of the ortho and para channels as well as a negligible contribution by the ipso channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Kovacevic
- Institute Rudjer Boskovic, POB 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
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13
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Altarawneh M, Dlugogorski BZ. A mechanistic and kinetic study on the formation of PBDD/Fs from PBDEs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:5118-5127. [PMID: 23578223 DOI: 10.1021/es305081j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a detailed mechanistic and kinetic investigation that explains the experimentally observed high yields of formation of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) from the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), commonly deployed in brominated flame retardants (BFRs). Theoretical calculations involved the accurate meta hybrid functional of M05-2X. The previously suggested pathways of debromination and generation of bromophenols/bromophenoxys/bromobenzenes were found to be unimportant corridors for the formation of PBDD/Fs. A loss of an ortho Br or H atom from PBDEs, followed by a ring-closure reaction, is the most accessible pathway for the production of PBDFs via modest reaction barriers. The initially formed peroxy-type adduct (RO₂) is found to evolve in a complex, nevertheless very exoergic, mechanism to produce PBDDs. Results indicate that, degree and pattern of bromination, in the vicinity of the ether oxygen bridge, has a minor influence on governing mechanisms and that even fully brominated isomers of BFRs are capable of forming PBDD/Fs. We thoroughly discuss bimolecular reactions of PBDEs with Br and H, as well as the Br-displacement reaction by triplet oxygen. The rate of the Br-displacement reaction significantly exceeds that of the unimolecular inititiation reactions due to loss of ortho Br or H. Results presented herein address conclusively the intriguing question of how PBDEs form PBDD/Fs, a matter that has been in the center of much debate among environmental chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammednoor Altarawneh
- Priority Research Centre for Energy, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia
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14
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Kovacevic G, Sabljic A. Theoretical study on the mechanism and kinetics of addition of hydroxyl radicals to fluorobenzene. J Comput Chem 2012; 34:646-55. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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15
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Simmie JM, Metcalfe WK. Ab Initio Study of the Decomposition of 2,5-Dimethylfuran. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:8877-88. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2039477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John M. Simmie
- Combustion Chemistry Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Wayne K. Metcalfe
- Combustion Chemistry Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Huang M, Wang Z, Hao L, Zhang W. Theoretical investigation on the mechanism and kinetics of OH radical with m-xylene. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2010.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Hollman DS, Simmonett AC, Schaefer HF. The benzene+OH potential energy surface: intermediates and transition states. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:2214-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01607a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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18
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Scheiner S, Kar T. Analysis of the Reactivities of Protein C−H Bonds to H Atom Abstraction by OH Radical. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:16450-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja105204v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Scheiner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Tapas Kar
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
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Wang J, Domin D, Austin B, Zubarev DY, McClean J, Frenklach M, Cui T, Lester WA. A Diffusion Monte Carlo Study of the O−H Bond Dissociation of Phenol. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:9832-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp103010g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460., State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., and Department of Mechanical Engineering,
| | - Dominik Domin
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460., State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., and Department of Mechanical Engineering,
| | - Brian Austin
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460., State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., and Department of Mechanical Engineering,
| | - Dmitry Yu Zubarev
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460., State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., and Department of Mechanical Engineering,
| | - Jarrod McClean
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460., State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., and Department of Mechanical Engineering,
| | - Michael Frenklach
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460., State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., and Department of Mechanical Engineering,
| | - Tian Cui
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460., State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., and Department of Mechanical Engineering,
| | - William A. Lester
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460., State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720., and Department of Mechanical Engineering,
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Mardyukov A, Crespo-Otero R, Sanchez-Garcia E, Sander W. Photochemistry and Reactivity of the Phenyl Radical-Water System: A Matrix Isolation and Computational Study. Chemistry 2010; 16:8679-89. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Bryukov MG, Knyazev VD, Gehling WM, Dellinger B. Kinetics of the gas-phase reaction of OH with chlorobenzene. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:10452-9. [PMID: 19728723 DOI: 10.1021/jp9049186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with chlorobenzene was studied experimentally using a pulsed laser photolysis/pulsed laser induced fluorescence technique over a wide range of temperatures, 298-670 K, and at pressures between 13.33 and 39.92 kPa. The bimolecular rate constants demonstrate different behavior at low and high temperatures. At room temperature, T = 298.8 +/- 1.5 K, the rate constant is equal to (6.02 +/- 0.34) x 10(-13) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1); at high temperatures (474-670 K), the rate constant values are significantly lower and have a positive temperature dependence that can be described by an Arrhenius expression k1(T) = (1.01 +/- 0.35) x 10(-11) exp[(-2490 +/- 170 K)/T] cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1). This behavior is consistent with the low-temperature reaction being dominated by reversible addition and the high-temperature reaction representing abstraction and addition-elimination channels. The potential energy surface of the reaction was studied using quantum chemical methods, and a transition state theory model was developed for all reaction channels. The temperature dependences of the high-temperature rate constants obtained in calculations using the method of isodesmic reactions for transition states (IRTS) and the CBS-QB3 method are in very good agreement with experiment, with deviations smaller than the estimated experimental uncertainties. The G3//B3LYP-based calculated rate constants are in disagreement with the experimental values. The IRTS-based model was used to provide modified Arrhenius expressions for the temperature dependences of the rate constant for the abstraction and addition-elimination (Cl replacement) channels of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail G Bryukov
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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22
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da Silva G, Bozzelli JW, Asatryan R. Hydroxyl Radical Initiated Oxidation of s-Triazine: Hydrogen Abstraction Is Faster than Hydroxyl Addition. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:8596-606. [DOI: 10.1021/jp904156r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia, and Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Joseph W. Bozzelli
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia, and Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Rubik Asatryan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia, and Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102
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23
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Mardyukov A, Sanchez‐Garcia E, Crespo‐Otero R, Sander W. Interaction and Reaction of the Phenyl Radical with Water: A Source of OH Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200806268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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24
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Mardyukov A, Sanchez-Garcia E, Crespo-Otero R, Sander W. Interaction and Reaction of the Phenyl Radical with Water: A Source of OH Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4804-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200806268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Glowacki DR, Wang L, Pilling MJ. Evidence of Formation of Bicyclic Species in the Early Stages of Atmospheric Benzene Oxidation. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:5385-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9001466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David R. Glowacki
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, 51640
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, 51640
| | - Michael J. Pilling
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, 51640
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26
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Altarawneh M, Kennedy EM, Dlugogorski BZ, Mackie JC. Computational Study of the Oxidation and Decomposition of Dibenzofuran under Atmospheric Conditions. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:6960-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp800093j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammednoor Altarawneh
- Process Safety and Environment Protection Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Eric M. Kennedy
- Process Safety and Environment Protection Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski
- Process Safety and Environment Protection Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - John C. Mackie
- Process Safety and Environment Protection Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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27
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Altarawneh M, Dlugogorski BZ, Kennedy EM, Mackie JC. Quantum Chemical and Kinetic Study of Formation of 2-Chlorophenoxy Radical from 2-Chlorophenol: Unimolecular Decomposition and Bimolecular Reactions with H, OH, Cl, and O2. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:3680-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jp712168n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammednoor Altarawneh
- Process Safety and Environment Protection Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Bogdan Z. Dlugogorski
- Process Safety and Environment Protection Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Eric M. Kennedy
- Process Safety and Environment Protection Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - John C. Mackie
- Process Safety and Environment Protection Research Group, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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28
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da Silva G, Bozzelli JW. Variational Analysis of the Phenyl + O2 and Phenoxy + O Reactions. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:3566-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jp7118845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Joseph W. Bozzelli
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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da Silva G, Chen CC, Bozzelli JW. Toluene Combustion: Reaction Paths, Thermochemical Properties, and Kinetic Analysis for the Methylphenyl Radical + O2 Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:8663-76. [PMID: 17696501 DOI: 10.1021/jp068640x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic compounds such as toluene and xylene are major components of many fuels. Accurate kinetic mechanisms for the combustion of toluene are, however, incomplete, as they do not accurately model experimental results such as strain rates and ignition times and consistently underpredict conversion. Current kinetic mechanisms for toluene combustion neglect the reactions of the methylphenyl radicals, and we believe that this is responsible, in part, for the shortcomings of these models. We also demonstrate how methylphenyl radical formation is important in the combustion and pyrolysis of other alkyl-substituted aromatic compounds such as xylene and trimethylbenzene. We have studied the oxidation reactions of the methylphenyl radicals with O2 using computational ab initio and density functional theory methods. A detailed reaction submechanism is presented for the 2-methylphenyl radical + O2 system, with 16 intermediates and products. For each species, enthalpies of formation are calculated using the computational methods G3 and G3B3, with isodesmic work reactions used to minimize computational errors. Transition states are calculated at the G3B3 level, yielding high-pressure limit elementary rate constants as a function of temperature. For the barrierless methylphenyl + O2 and methylphenoxy + O association reactions, rate constants are determined from variational transition state theory. Multichannel, multifrequency quantum Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel (qRRK) theory, with master equation analysis for falloff, provides rate constants as a function of temperature and pressure from 800 to 2400 K and 1 x 10(-4) to 1 x 10(3) atm. Analysis of our results shows that the dominant pathways for reaction of the three isomeric methylphenyl radicals is formation of methyloxepinoxy radicals and subsequent ring opening to methyl-dioxo-hexadienyl radicals. The next most important reaction pathway involves formation of methylphenoxy radicals + O in a chain branching process. At lower temperatures, the formation of stabilized methylphenylperoxy radicals becomes significant. A further important reaction channel is available only to the 2-methylphenyl isomer, where 6-methylene-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-one (ortho-quinone methide, o-QM) is produced via an intramolecular hydrogen transfer from the methyl group to the peroxy radical in 2-methylphenylperoxy, with subsequent loss of OH. The decomposition of o-QM to benzene + CO reveals a potentially important new pathway for the conversion of toluene to benzene during combustion. A number of the important products of toluene combustion proposed in this study are known to be precursors of polyaromatic hydrocarbons that are involved in soot formation. Reactions leading to the important unsaturated oxygenated intermediates identified in this study, and the further reactions of these intermediates, are not included in current aromatic oxidation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
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31
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Sun H, Bozzelli JW, Law CK. Thermochemical and Kinetic Analysis on the Reactions of O2 with Products from OH Addition to Isobutene, 2-Hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl, and 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropyl Radicals: HO2 Formation from Oxidation of Neopentane, Part II. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:4974-86. [PMID: 17511431 DOI: 10.1021/jp070072d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Unimolecular dissociation of a neopentyl radical to isobutene and methyl radical is competitive with the neopentyl association with O2 ((3)Sigma(g)-) in thermal oxidative systems. Furthermore, both isobutene and the OH radical are important primary products from the reactions of neopentyl with O2. Consequently, the reactions of O2 with the 2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl and 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl radicals resulting from the OH addition to isobutene are important to understanding the oxidation of neopentane and other branched hydrocarbons. Reactions that correspond to the association of radical adducts with O2((3)Sigma(g)-) involve chemically activated peroxy intermediates, which can isomerize and react to form one of several products before stabilization. The above reaction systems were analyzed with ab initio and density functional calculations to evaluate the thermochemistry, reaction paths, and kinetics that are important in neopentyl radical oxidation. The stationary points of potential energy surfaces were analyzed based on the enthalpies calculated at the CBS-Q level. The entropies, S(degrees)298, and heat capacities, C(p)(T), (0 <or= T/K <or= 1500), from vibration, translation, and external rotation contributions were calculated using statistical mechanics based on the vibrational frequencies and structures obtained from the density functional study. The hindered internal rotor contributions to S(degrees)298 and C(p)(T) were calculated by solving the Schrödinger equation with free rotor wave functions, and the partition coefficients were treated by direct integration over energy levels of the internal rotation potentials. Enthalpies of formation (DeltaH(f)(degrees)298) were determined using isodesmic reaction analysis. The DeltaH(f)(degrees)298 values of (CH3)2C*CH(2)OH, (CH3)2C(OO*)CH(2)OH, (CH3)2C(OH)C*H2, and (CH3)2C(OH)CH(2)OO* radicals were determined to be -23.3, -62.2, -24.2, and -61.8 kcal mol(-1), respectively. Elementary rate constants were calculated from canonical transition state theory, and pressure-dependent rate constants for multichannel reaction systems were calculated as functions of pressure and temperature using multifrequency quantum Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel (QRRK) analysis for k(E) and a master equation for pressure falloff. Kinetic parameters for intermediate and product formation channels of the above reaction systems are presented as functions of temperature and pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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32
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Bonin J, Janik I, Janik D, Bartels DM. Reaction of the Hydroxyl Radical with Phenol in Water Up to Supercritical Conditions. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:1869-78. [PMID: 17311365 DOI: 10.1021/jp0665325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The rate constants for the reactions of phenol with the hydroxyl radical (OH*) in water have been measured from room temperature to 380 degrees C using electron pulse radiolysis and transient absorption spectroscopy. The reaction scheme designed to fit the data shows the importance of an equilibrium, giving back reactants (OH* radical and phenol) from the dihydroxycyclohexadienyl radical formed by their reaction, and the non-negligible contribution of the hydroxycyclohexadienyl radical absorption from H* atom addition. The accuracy of the reaction scheme and the reaction rate constants determined from it have been determined by the analysis of two different experiments, one under pure N2O atmosphere and the second under a mixture a N2O and O2. We report reaction rates for the H* and OH* radical addition to phenol, the formation of phenoxyl, the second-order recombination, the reaction of dihydroxycyclohexadienyl with O2, and the decay of the peroxyl adduct. Nearly all of the reaction rates deviate strongly from Arrhenius behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bonin
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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33
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Androulakis IP, Grenda JM, Barckholtz TA, Bozzelli JW. Propagation of uncertainty in chemically activated systems. AIChE J 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.10945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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da Silva G, Chen CC, Bozzelli JW. Bond dissociation energy of the phenol OH bond from ab initio calculations. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Seta T, Nakajima M, Miyoshi A. High-Temperature Reactions of OH Radicals with Benzene and Toluene. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:5081-90. [PMID: 16610828 DOI: 10.1021/jp0575456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rate constants for the reactions of OH radicals with benzene and toluene have been measured directly by a shock tube/pulsed laser-induced fluorescence imaging method at high temperatures. The OH radicals were generated by the thermal decomposition of nitric acid or tert-butyl hydroperoxide. The derived Arrhenius expressions for the rate constants were k(OH + benzene) = 8.0 x 10(-11) exp(-26.6 kJ mol(-1)/RT) [908-1736 K] and k(OH + toluene) = 8.9 x 10(-11) exp(-19.7 kJ mol(-1)/RT) [919-1481 K] in the units of cubic centimeters per molecule per second. Transition-state theory (TST) calculations based on quantum chemically predicted energetics confirmed the dominance of the H-atom abstraction channel for OH + benzene and the methyl-H abstraction channel for OH + toluene in the experimental temperature range. The TST calculation indicated that the anharmonicity of the C-H-O bending vibrations of the transition states is essential to reproduce the observed rate constants. Possible implications to the other analogous H-transfer reactions were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Seta
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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36
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Berndt T, Böge O. Formation of phenol and carbonyls from the atmospheric reaction of OH radicals with benzene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:1205-14. [PMID: 16633601 DOI: 10.1039/b514148f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The gas-phase reaction of OH radicals with benzene has been studied in a flow tube operated at 295 +/- 2 K and 950 mbar of synthetic air or O2. Ozonolysis of tetramethylethylene (dark reaction) with a measured OH radical yield of 0.92 +/- 0.08 or photolysis of methyl nitrite in the presence of NO served as the OH sources. For investigations in the presence of NOx, the conditions were chosen so that more than 95% of the OH/benzene adduct reacted with O2 even for the highest NO2 concentration occurring in the experiment. In the absence of NOx, a phenol yield from the reaction of OH radicals with benzene of 0.61 +/- 0.07 was measured by means of long-path FT-IR and UV spectroscopy over a wide range of experimental conditions. This yield was confirmed by measurements performed in the presence of NOx. Detected carbonyls were glyoxal, cis-butenedial and trans-butenedial with formation yields of 0.29 +/- 0.10, 0.08 +/- 0.03 and 0.023 +/- 0.007, respectively, measured in synthetic air and in the presence of NOx. There was no significant difference in the product yields applying both experimental approaches for OH generation (dark reaction or photolysis). Nitrobenzene and o-nitrophenol were detected in traces. The yield of nitrobenzene increased with increasing NOx resulting in a maximum formation yield of 0.007. The detected products in the presence of NOx account for approximately 78% of the reacted carbon. Butenedial yields from benzene degradation are reported for the first time. In the absence of NOx, glyoxal, cis-butenedial and trans-butenedial were also detected, but with distinctly lower yields compared to the experiments with NOx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Berndt
- Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung e.V., Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
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37
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Kislov VV, Islamova NI, Kolker AM, Lin SH, Mebel AM. Hydrogen Abstraction Acetylene Addition and Diels−Alder Mechanisms of PAH Formation: A Detailed Study Using First Principles Calculations. J Chem Theory Comput 2005; 1:908-24. [DOI: 10.1021/ct0500491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. V. Kislov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, and Institute of Solution Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya St. 1, Ivanovo 153045, Russia
| | - N. I. Islamova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, and Institute of Solution Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya St. 1, Ivanovo 153045, Russia
| | - A. M. Kolker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, and Institute of Solution Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya St. 1, Ivanovo 153045, Russia
| | - S. H. Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, and Institute of Solution Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya St. 1, Ivanovo 153045, Russia
| | - A. M. Mebel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, and Institute of Solution Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya St. 1, Ivanovo 153045, Russia
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