1
|
Ventosa E, Schuhmann W. Scanning electrochemical microscopy of Li-ion batteries. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 17:28441-50. [PMID: 26076998 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02268a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are receiving increasing attention over the past decade due to their high energy density. This energy storage technology is expected to continue improving the performance, especially for its large-scale deployment in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and full electric vehicles (EVs). Such improvement requires having a large variety of analytical techniques at scientists' disposal in order to understand and address the multiple mechanisms and processes occurring simultaneously in this complex system. This perspective article aims to highlight the strength and potential of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) in this field. After a brief description of a LIB system and the most commonly used techniques in this field, the unique information provided by SECM is illustrated by discussing several recent examples from the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Ventosa
- Analytische Chemie - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
| | - W Schuhmann
- Analytische Chemie - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Perréard C, Ladner Y, d'Orlyé F, Descroix S, Taniga V, Varenne A, Kanoufi F, Slim C, Griveau S, Bedioui F. Electrochemically assisted micro localized grafting of aptamers in a microchannel engraved in fluorinated thermoplastic polymer Dyneon THV. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemically assisted localized grafting of an aptamer in a microchannel engraved in fluorinated thermoplastic polymer Dyneon THV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Perréard
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech
- Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé
- Paris
- France
| | - Y. Ladner
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech
- Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé
- Paris
- France
| | - F. d'Orlyé
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech
- Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé
- Paris
- France
| | - S. Descroix
- PSL Research University
- Institut Curie
- Physico-Chimie Curie
- UMR 168
- CNRS 16
| | - V. Taniga
- PSL Research University
- Institut Curie
- Physico-Chimie Curie
- UMR 168
- CNRS 16
| | - A. Varenne
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech
- Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé
- Paris
- France
| | | | - C. Slim
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech
- Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé
- Paris
- France
| | - S. Griveau
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech
- Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé
- Paris
- France
| | - F. Bedioui
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech
- Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé
- Paris
- France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cao F, Kim J, Bard AJ. Detection of the Short-Lived Cation Radical Intermediate in the Electrochemical Oxidation of N,N-Dimethylaniline by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:18163-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja511602v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahe Cao
- Center for Electrochemistry,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Center for Electrochemistry,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Allen J. Bard
- Center for Electrochemistry,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang C, Zhang HW, Zhang JF, Wu D, Tian ZQ, Tian ZW, Shi K. New Strategy for Electrochemical Micropatterning of Nafion Film in Sulfuric Acid Solution. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
5
|
Azevedo J, Fillaud L, Bourdillon C, Noël JM, Kanoufi F, Jousselme B, Derycke V, Campidelli S, Cornut R. Localized Reduction of Graphene Oxide by Electrogenerated Naphthalene Radical Anions and Subsequent Diazonium Electrografting. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:4833-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja500189u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joël Azevedo
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, LICSEN, Gif-sur-Yvette
Cedex, Paris F-91191, France
| | - Laure Fillaud
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, LICSEN, Gif-sur-Yvette
Cedex, Paris F-91191, France
| | - Céline Bourdillon
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, LICSEN, Gif-sur-Yvette
Cedex, Paris F-91191, France
| | - Jean-Marc Noël
- Physicochimie
des Electrolytes, Colloïdes et Sciences Analytiques, UMR CNRS 7195- ESPCI ParisTech, 10 rue Vauquelin, Cedex 05, Paris F-75231, France
| | - Fréderic Kanoufi
- Physicochimie
des Electrolytes, Colloïdes et Sciences Analytiques, UMR CNRS 7195- ESPCI ParisTech, 10 rue Vauquelin, Cedex 05, Paris F-75231, France
| | - Bruno Jousselme
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, LICSEN, Gif-sur-Yvette
Cedex, Paris F-91191, France
| | - Vincent Derycke
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, LICSEN, Gif-sur-Yvette
Cedex, Paris F-91191, France
| | - Stéphane Campidelli
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, LICSEN, Gif-sur-Yvette
Cedex, Paris F-91191, France
| | - Renaud Cornut
- CEA Saclay, IRAMIS, NIMBE, LICSEN, Gif-sur-Yvette
Cedex, Paris F-91191, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ktari N, Quinson J, Teste B, Siaugue JM, Kanoufi F, Combellas C. Immobilization of magnetic nanoparticles onto conductive surfaces modified by diazonium chemistry. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:12671-12680. [PMID: 22849883 DOI: 10.1021/la302403z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell γ-Fe(2)O(3)@SiO(2) nanoparticles (NPs) substituted by PEG and NH(2) groups may be immobilized on metal surfaces (glassy carbon or gold) substituted by 4-carboxyphenyl groups through electrostatic interactions. Such immobilization is evidenced by (i) IRRAS owing to the Si-O band, (ii) SEM images, which show that the surface coverage by the NPs is nearly 100%, and (iii) the NPs film thickness measured by ellipsometry or AFM, which corresponds to about one NPs monolayer. Such NPs film is permeable to redox probes, which allows us to propose electrochemical methods based on direct or local measurements as a way to inspect the NPs assembly steps through their ability to alter mass and charge transfer. This process also applies to patterned polystyrene surfaces, and selective immobilization of NPs substituted by amino groups was carried out onto submillimeter patterns obtained by local oxidation. Biological applications are then expected for hyperthermia activation of the NPs to trigger cellular death. Finally, some tests were performed to further derivatize the immobilized NPs onto surfaces through either a covalent bond or electrostatic interactions. Future work will be dedicated to the recovery of such Janus NPs from the substrate surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ktari
- Physicochimie des Electrolytes, Colloïdes et Sciences Analytiques, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7195, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ktari N, Poncet P, Sénéchal H, Malaquin L, Kanoufi F, Combellas C. Patterning of polystyrene by scanning electrochemical microscopy. Biological applications to cell adhesion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:17348-17356. [PMID: 20945917 DOI: 10.1021/la1028564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene surfaces may be patterned by Ag(II), NO(3)(•), and OH(•) electrogenerated at the tip of a scanning electrochemical microscope. These electrogenerated reagents lead to local surface oxidation of the polymer. The most efficient surface treatment is obtained with Ag(II). The patterns are evidenced by XPS and IR and also by the surface wettability contrast between the hydrophobic virgin surface and the hydrophilic pattern. Such Ag(II) treatment of a polystyrene Petri dish generates discriminative surfaces able to promote or disfavor the adhesion of proteins and also the adhesion and growth of adherent cells. The process is also successfully applied to a cyclo-olefin copolymer and should be suitable to pattern any hydrogenated polymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Ktari
- Physicochimie des Electrolytes, Colloïdes et Sciences Analytiques, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7195, 10 rue Vauquelin, Paris, F-75231 France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Deiss F, Combellas C, Fretigny C, Sojic N, Kanoufi F. Lithography by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy with a Multiscaled Electrode. Anal Chem 2010; 82:5169-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ac100399q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Deiss
- Groupe Nanosystèmes Analytiques, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac, France, Physico-Chimie des Electrolytes, des Colloïdes et Sciences Analytiques, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7195, and Physico-chimie des Polymères et Milieux Dispersés Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7615, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Catherine Combellas
- Groupe Nanosystèmes Analytiques, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac, France, Physico-Chimie des Electrolytes, des Colloïdes et Sciences Analytiques, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7195, and Physico-chimie des Polymères et Milieux Dispersés Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7615, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Christian Fretigny
- Groupe Nanosystèmes Analytiques, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac, France, Physico-Chimie des Electrolytes, des Colloïdes et Sciences Analytiques, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7195, and Physico-chimie des Polymères et Milieux Dispersés Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7615, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Neso Sojic
- Groupe Nanosystèmes Analytiques, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac, France, Physico-Chimie des Electrolytes, des Colloïdes et Sciences Analytiques, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7195, and Physico-chimie des Polymères et Milieux Dispersés Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7615, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Frédéric Kanoufi
- Groupe Nanosystèmes Analytiques, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac, France, Physico-Chimie des Electrolytes, des Colloïdes et Sciences Analytiques, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7195, and Physico-chimie des Polymères et Milieux Dispersés Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS UMR 7615, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Matrab T, Hauquier F, Combellas C, Kanoufi F. Scanning Electron Microscopy Investigation of Molecular Transport and Reactivity within Polymer Brushes. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:670-82. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
10
|
Shen Y, Tefashe UM, Nonomura K, Loewenstein T, Schlettwein D, Wittstock G. Photoelectrochemical kinetics of Eosin Y-sensitized zinc oxide films investigated by scanning electrochemical microscopy under illumination with different LED. Electrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
11
|
Rodriguez-Lopez J, Alpuche-Aviles MA, Bard AJ. Selective Insulation with Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) of Substrate Electrodes for Electrochemical Background Reduction in Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. Anal Chem 2008; 80:1813-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac7020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin Rodriguez-Lopez
- Center for Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Mario A. Alpuche-Aviles
- Center for Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Allen J. Bard
- Center for Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fuchs A, Kanoufi F, Combellas C, Shanahan ME. Wetting and surface properties of (modified) fluoro-silanised glass. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2007.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
13
|
Lu X, Wang Q, Liu X. Review: Recent applications of scanning electrochemical microscopy to the study of charge transfer kinetics. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 601:10-25. [PMID: 17904468 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2007] [Revised: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 08/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) has been proven to be a valuable technique for the quantitative investigation and surface analysis of a wide range of processes that occur at interfaces. In particular, there is a great deal of interest in studying the kinetics of charge transfer characteristics at the solid/liquid and liquid/liquid interface. This overview outlines recent advances and applications of SECM to the investigation of charge transfer reactions at the solid/liquid interface and liquid/liquid interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineer, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wittstock G, Burchardt M, Pust SE, Shen Y, Zhao C. Scanning electrochemical microscopy for direct imaging of reaction rates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:1584-617. [PMID: 17285666 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200602750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Not only in electrochemistry but also in biology and in membrane transport, localized processes at solid-liquid or liquid-liquid interfaces play an important role at defect sites, pores, or individual cells, but are difficult to characterize by integral investigation. Scanning electrochemical microscopy is suitable for such investigations. After two decades of development, this method is based on a solid theoretical foundation and a large number of demonstrated applications. It offers the possibility of directly imaging heterogeneous reaction rates and locally modifying substrates by electrochemically generated reagents. The applications range from classical electrochemical problems, such as the investigation of localized corrosion and electrocatalytic reactions in fuel cells, sensor surfaces, biochips, and microstructured analysis systems, to mass transport through synthetic membranes, skin and tissue, as well as intercellular communication processes. Moreover, processes can be studied that occur at liquid surfaces and liquid-liquid interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunther Wittstock
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Institut für Reine und Angewandte Chemie und Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wittstock G, Burchardt M, Pust S, Shen Y, Zhao C. Elektrochemische Rastermikroskopie zur direkten Abbildung von Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200602750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
16
|
Shen Y, Nonomura K, Schlettwein D, Zhao C, Wittstock G. Photoelectrochemical Kinetics of Eosin Y-Sensitized Zinc Oxide Films Investigated by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. Chemistry 2006; 12:5832-9. [PMID: 16683277 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200501241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Eosin Y is used as a sensitizer for nanoporous zinc oxide films for prospective applications in photoelectrochemical solar cells. The kinetics of the reduction of the intermittently formed photo-oxidized dye molecules by iodide ions in the electrolyte phase was investigated by using the feedback mode of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The bulk solution phase contained triiodide as electron transfer mediator, from which the ultramicroelectrode-generated iodide ions acted as electron donors for photo-oxidized Eosin Y molecules (D(+) (ads)) at the zinc oxide sample. Effective rate constants for the dye regeneration could be extracted from the SECM approach curves. The effective rate constants at different triiodide concentrations could be related to the rate constant for the reaction of the dissolved donor with photo-oxidized Eosin Y bound to ZnO, as well as to the overall rate of the photosensitization process. For the reaction D(+) (ads) + 1.5 I(-)-->D(ads) + 0.5 I(3) (-) a rate constant of k(ox) = (1.4+/-0.8)x10(8) cm(9/2) mol(-3/2) s(-1) was determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shen
- Institut für Reine und Angewandte Chemie und Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Combellas C, Kanoufi F, Mazouzi D. Surface modification of halogenated polymers. 9. Etching of polytetrafluoroethylene with the scanning electrochemical microscope. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
18
|
Combellas C, Kanoufi F, Mazouzi D. Surface Modification of Halogenated Polymers. 8. Local Reduction of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) by the Scanning Electrochemical Microscope − Transient Investigation. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp046640w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Combellas
- Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique, UMR 7121, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Frédéric Kanoufi
- Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique, UMR 7121, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Driss Mazouzi
- Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique, UMR 7121, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| |
Collapse
|