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Pradhan E, Zeng T. The Unified Hamiltonian Formalism of Spin-Orbit Jahn-Teller and Pseudo-Jahn-Teller Problems in All Axial Symmetries. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:7776-7786. [PMID: 37847554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Spatial degeneracy of electronic states closely connects spin-orbit coupling and vibronic coupling, which together determine properties of materials, especially heavy element compounds. Accurate description of those materials entails accurate mathematical formulas for spin-orbit vibronic Hamiltonians. For the first time ever, we in this work derive the Hamiltonian formalism to describe all spin-orbit Jahn-Teller and pseudo-Jahn-Teller vibronic problems in all axial symmetries. The conventional one-electron approximation of spin-orbit coupling, which was the foundation of all previous studies in this field, is not involved in the present work. Actually, the present formalism is applicable to all time-reversal symmetric hermitian Hamiltonian that has a Rank-1 dependence on the spin operator, without any restriction on the type and the number of term symbols and vibrational modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekadashi Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J1P3, Canada
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2
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Brown J, Pradhan E, Zeng T. Unified one-electron Hamiltonian formalism of spin-orbit Jahn-Teller and pseudo-Jahn-Teller problems in axial symmetries. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:224108. [PMID: 34911326 DOI: 10.1063/5.0068044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spin-orbit coupling and vibronic coupling are both closely related to orbital degeneracy of electronic states. Both types of coupling play significant roles in determining properties of heavy element compounds and shall be treated on the same footing. In this work, we derive a unified one-electron Hamiltonian formalism for spin-orbit and vibronic interactions for systems in all axial symmetries. The one-electron formalism is usually adequate as the spin-orbit interaction can often be approximated as a one-electron interaction. For the first time, the formalism covers spin-orbit and vibronic couplings in all axial symmetries from C1 to D∞h, arbitrary types of vibrational modes in those symmetries, and an arbitrary number of those modes and gives Hamiltonian expansions up to an arbitrary order.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Brown
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Ekadashi Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J1P3, Canada
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Sharma K, Miller TA, Stanton JF. Vibronically coupled states: computational considerations and characterisation of vibronic and rovibronic spectroscopic parameters. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2021.1874118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ketan Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Terry A. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John F. Stanton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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4
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Sun G, Zheng X, Song Y, Zhang J. H-Atom Product Channel in the Ultraviolet Photodissociation of the Thiomethoxy Radical (CH 3S) via the B̃ 2A 2 State. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:5849-5858. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b01791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Xianfeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Wang K, Zeng T. Hamiltonian formalism of spin–orbit Jahn–Teller and pseudo-Jahn–Teller problems in trigonal and tetragonal symmetries. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:18939-18957. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03584b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A formalism for expansions of all bimodal spin–orbit Jahn–Teller and pseudo-Jahn–Teller Hamiltonian operators in trigonal and tetragonal symmetries is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- York University
- Toronto
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry
- York University
- Toronto
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
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6
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Bouallagui A, Zanchet A, Yazidi O, Jaïdane N, Bañares L, Senent ML, García-Vela A. Photodissociation of the CH 3O and CH 3S radical molecules: an ab initio electronic structure study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:31245-31254. [PMID: 29143005 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06054h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electronic states and the spin-orbit couplings between them involved in the photodissociation process of the radical molecules CH3X, CH3X → CH3 + X (X = O, S), taking place after the Ã(2A1) ← X[combining tilde](2E) transition, have been investigated using highly correlated ab initio techniques. A two-dimensional representation of both the potential-energy surfaces (PESs) and the couplings is generated. This description includes the C-X dissociative mode and the CH3 umbrella mode. Spin-orbit effects are found to play a relevant role in the shape of the excited state potential-energy surfaces, particularly in the CH3S case where the spin-orbit couplings are more than twice more intense than in CH3O. The potential surfaces and couplings reported here for the present set of electronic states allow for the first complete description of the above photodissociation process. The different photodissociation mechanisms are analyzed and discussed in light of the results obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bouallagui
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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7
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A comparative DFT study of interactions of Au and small gold clusters Aun (n = 2–4) with CH3S and CH2 radicals. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Denis PA. Coupled cluster investigation on the thermochemistry of dimethyl sulphide, dimethyl disulphide and their dissociation products: the problem of the enthalpy of formation of atomic sulphur. Mol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.837536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Bahou M, Das P, Lee YF, Wu YJ, Lee YP. Infrared spectra of free radicals and protonated species produced in para-hydrogen matrices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:2200-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54184c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Bahou M, Das P, Lee YF, Wu YJ, Lee YP. Infrared spectra of free radicals and protonated species produced in para-hydrogen matrices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.10.1039/c3cp54184c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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11
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Bahou M, Huang CW, Huang YL, Glatthaar J, Lee YP. Advances in Use ofp-H2as a Novel Host for Matrix IR Spectroscopy. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Gao S, Dai Z, Sun W, Li H, Wang J, Mo Y. Tunneling splittings in vibronic energy levels of CH 3F+X̃2E studied by high resolution photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculation. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:064302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4817201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pašteka LF, Rajský T, Urban M. Toward Understanding the Bonding Character in Complexes of Coinage Metals with Lone-Pair Ligands. CCSD(T) and DFT Computations. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:4472-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jp401174p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš F. Pašteka
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Rajský
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Urban
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Institute of Materials Science, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bottova 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia
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Shao Z, Li H, Zhang S, Li J, Dai Z, Mo Y, Bae YJ, Kim MS. The Jahn-Teller effect in CH 3 Cl +(X̃E2): A combined high-resolution experimental measurement and ab initio theoretical study. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:064308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3679655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Han HL, Fu L, Lee YP. Infrared spectrum of mass-selected CH3S radicals investigated with infrared+vacuum ultraviolet photoionization. Chem Phys Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Dillon J, Yarkony DR, Schuurman MS. On the construction of quasidiabatic state representations of bound adiabatic state potential energy surfaces coupled by accidental conical intersections: Incorporation of higher order terms. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:044101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3523344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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17
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Bahou M, Lee YP. Diminished cage effect in solid p-H2: Infrared absorption of CH3S observed from photolysis in situ of CH3SH, CH3SCH3, or CH3SSCH3 isolated in p-H2 matrices. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:164316. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3502105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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18
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Song MX, Zhao ZX, Bai FQ, Liu YJ, Zhang HX, Sun CC. CASSCF/CASPT2 Calculation of the Low-Lying Electronic States of the CH3Se Neutral Radical and Its Cation. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:7173-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp102321c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xing Song
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng-Xia Zhao
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Quan Bai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Jie Liu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chia-chung Sun
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
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Zhang S, Mo Y. Theoretical Study of the Jahn−Teller Effect in CH3CN+(X̃2E) and CD3CN+(X̃2E): Multimode Spin-Vibronic Energy Level Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:10947-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jp906557n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuxiang Mo
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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20
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Lee M, Bae YJ, Kim MS. K selection in one-photon mass-analyzed threshold ionization of CH3I and CD3I to the X2E3/2 state cations. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:044310. [PMID: 18247952 DOI: 10.1063/1.2823032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One-photon mass-analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectra for the X (2)E(3/2) states of CH(3)I(+) and CD(3)I(+) were measured using vacuum ultraviolet radiation generated by four-wave mixing in Kr. Spin-orbit density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ level and spin-orbit/Jahn-Teller calculations were made to aid vibrational assignment. Each vibrational band consisted of several peaks due to different DeltaK transitions, which could be assigned by using molecular parameters determined in the previous high resolution photodissociation spectroscopic study. Possibility of generating mass-selected, vibronically selected and K-selected ion beam with decent intensity by one-photon MATI was demonstrated. The ionization energies to the X (2)E(3/2) states of CH(3)I(+) and CD(3)I(+) corrected for the rotational contribution were 9.5386+/-0.0006 and 9.5415+/-0.0006 eV, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Schuurman MS, Weinberg DE, Yarkony DR. On the simulation of photoelectron spectra in molecules with conical intersections and spin-orbit coupling: The vibronic spectrum of CH3S. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:104309. [PMID: 17867749 DOI: 10.1063/1.2764052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A method to simulate photoelectron spectra for states coupled by conical intersections and the spin-orbit interaction is reported. The algorithm is based on the multimode vibronic coupling model and treats the spin-orbit interaction in a nonperturbative manner. Since the algorithm is not dependent on molecular symmetry, the approach is generally applicable to accidental conical intersections as well as the symmetry required intersections found in Jahn-Teller molecules. The method is also computationally efficient using energy gradient and derivative coupling information to limit the number of nuclear configurations at which ab initio data are required. This approach is applied to simulate the negative ion photoelectron spectrum of the methylthio radical. The two-state Hamiltonian employed to describe this system was determined employing ab initio gradients and derivative couplings at only 17 nuclear configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Schuurman
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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22
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Young RA, Yarkony DR. Towards a highly efficient theoretical treatment of Jahn-Teller effects in molecular spectra: The 1A2 and 2A2 electronic states of the ethoxy radical. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:234301. [PMID: 17190552 DOI: 10.1063/1.2402174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonadiabatic effects in the two lowest electronic states of the ethoxy radical, the 1 (2)A and 2 (2)A states, are considered, using multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) wave functions comprised of over 15x10(6) configuration state functions. The lowest point on the seam of conical intersection is located. Using this point as the origin, a quasidiabatic Hamiltonian suitable for use in a multimode vibronic coupling treatment of the coupled 1 (2)A and 2 (2)A electronic states is determined. The Hamiltonian includes all contributions from all internal coordinates through second order in displacements from the origin and is comprised of over 500 parameters. By using the average energy gradient, the energy difference gradients, and the derivative couplings, all of which are obtained at little additional cost once the requisite eigenstates are known, the second order Hamiltonian is determined from MRCI calculations at only 35 nuclear configurations. This is essentially the same number of points required to obtain the frequencies for the ground state equilibrium structure using centered differences of gradients. The diabatic Hamiltonian provides a good description of the seam space, the (N(int)-2)-dimensional space of conical intersection points, continuously connected to the minimum energy crossing point, enabling, for the first time, an analysis of the changes in the branching plane induced by seam curvature in the full seam space. Comparing the diabatic representation and MRCI results we find a good agreement for the ground state equilibrium structure, R(eq)(1 (2)A), as well as the ground state energy and vertical excitation energy. In good agreement with the available experimental data are the ground state equilibrium structure and the excitation energy to the A (2)A state, predicted here to involve a cone state level. Agreement between the harmonic frequencies at R(eq)(1 (2)A) computed from the MRCI wave function and from the diabatic Hamiltonian is excellent for all but the three lowest energy normal modes where significant deviations are observed indicating the need for selected cubic and/or quartic terms. For the low-lying vibrational levels, the diabatic representation can be used to partition the normal modes into two groups, those that involve inter(diabatic) state coupling and those that are spectators as far as nonadiabatic effects are concerned. The spin-orbit coupling interaction is determined using the Breit-Pauli approximation and its incorporation into the diabatic Hamiltonian is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Andrew Young
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Koseki S, Matsushita T, Gordon MS. Dissociation Potential Curves of Low-Lying States in Transition Metal Hydrides. 3. Hydrides of Groups 6 and 7. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:2560-70. [PMID: 16480317 DOI: 10.1021/jp056258z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dissociation curves of low-lying spin-mixed states in monohydrides of groups 6 and 7 were calculated by using an effective core potential (ECP) approach. This approach is based on the multiconfiguration self-consistent field (MCSCF) method, followed by first-order configuration interaction (FOCI) calculations, in which the method employs an ECP basis set proposed by Stevens and co-workers (SBKJC) augmented by a set of polarization functions. Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effects are estimated within the one-electron approximation by using effective nuclear charges, since SOC splittings obtained with the full Breit-Pauli Hamitonian are underestimated when ECP basis sets are used. The ground states of group 6 hydrides have Omega = (1)/(2)(X(6)Sigma(+)(1/2)), where Omega is the z component of the total angular momentum quantum number. Although the ground states of group 7 hydrides have Omega = 0(+), their main adiabatic components are different; the ground state in MnH originates from the lowest (7)Sigma(+), while in TcH and ReH the main component of the ground state is the lowest (5)Sigma(+). The present paper reports a comprehensive set of theoretical results including the dissociation energies, equilibrium distances, electronic transition energies, harmonic frequencies, anharmonicities, and rotational constants for several low-lying spin-mixed states in these hydrides. Transition dipole moments were also computed among the spin-mixed states and large peak positions of electronic transitions are suggested theoretically for these hydrides. The periodic trends of physical properties of metal hydrides are discussed, based on the results reported in this and other recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Koseki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklos Kertesz
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057-1227, USA
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