1
|
Baryshnikov GV, Valiev RR, Li Q, Li C, Xie Y, Ågren H. Computational study of aromaticity, 1H NMR spectra and intermolecular interactions of twisted thia-norhexaphyrin and its multiply annulated polypyrrolic derivatives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:25334-25343. [PMID: 31701970 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04819g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The recently synthesized twisted thia-norhexaphyrin and its multiply annulated polypyrrolic derivatives have been studied computationally. Gauge-including magnetically induced current calculations predict a global nonaromatic character of the initial thia-norhexaphyrin due to the highly-twisted conformation of the macrocycle. Upon the oxidation of the thia-norhexaphyrin four multiply annulated polypyrrolic aromatic macrocycles are formed for which the global aromatic character is confirmed in agreement with experimentally measured 1H NMR spectra. The calculation of the proton chemical shifts for the studied compounds by direct comparison with the tetramethylsilane standard leads to a significant mean absolute error. At the same time a linear regression procedure for the two selected groups of protons (CH and NH protons) provides much better values of calculated chemical shifts and tight correlation with experiment. The separate consideration of NH protons is motivated by the numerous intermolecular hydrogen bonds in which the protons are involved, which induce considerable upfield shifts, leading to a significant underestimation of the corresponding chemical shifts. Such a selected correlation can be used for accurate estimation of proton chemical shifts of the related porphyrinoids. Bader's theory of Atoms in Molecules has been applied for the studied twisted thia-norhexaphyrin and its multiply annulated polypyrrolic derivatives to characterize intramolecular H-bonds and other non-covalent interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gleb V Baryshnikov
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden. and Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University, 18031, Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Rashid R Valiev
- Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk 634050, Russia and Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Qizhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden. and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oveisi AR, Karimi P, Delarami HS, Daliran S, Khorramabadi-Zad A, Khajeh M, Sanchooli E, Ghaffari-Moghaddam M. New porphyrins: synthesis, characterization, and computational studies. Mol Divers 2019; 24:335-344. [PMID: 31062142 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-09955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
New trans-A2B2-porphyrins substituted at phenyl positions were synthesized from 4-methylphthalic acid as a starting material through sequential multistep reactions. These macrocycles were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR, 1H-1H COSY NMR, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Computational studies were performed on the porphyrins to investigate various factors such as structural features, electronic energy, energy gaps, and aromaticity. Energy band gap values of these compounds especially N-hydroxyphthalimide-functionalized porphyrins were small that makes them as good candidates for solar cell systems and photocatalysis. Relationships between electronic energies and aromaticity of the compounds were then investigated. The data indicated that the aromaticity features at the center of two series of these compounds (fluorinated and non-fluorinated porphyrins) were in the opposite manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Oveisi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Pouya Karimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | | | - Saba Daliran
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838695, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Khajeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Esmael Sanchooli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Saegusa Y, Ishizuka T, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Kojima T. NH Tautomerism of a Quadruply Fused Porphyrin: Rigid Fused Structure Delays the Proton Transfer. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:316-327. [PMID: 29224345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b10945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report herein NH tautomerism of a freebase derivative of a quadruply fused porphyrin (H2QFP-Mes, 3), which has one mesityl group at one of the β-positions of the nonfused pyrroles to lower the structural symmetry, allowing us to observe the NH tautomerism with 1H NMR spectroscopy. Compound 3 was revealed to have the two inner NH protons on the two nonfused pyrroles, and the NH tautomerism of 3 was evidenced by variable-temperature (VT) 1H NMR experiments in various deuterated solvents. The VT-NMR studies revealed that the activation barrier for the NH tautomerism of 3 was larger than that of tetraphenylporphyrin. The positive activation entropy (ΔS‡ = 89 J mol-1 K-1), determined for the NH tautomerism, can be explained by dissociation of the π-π stacked dimer structure of 3 in the ground state, as evidenced by the crystal structure and NMR measurements. On the basis of the kinetic studies and density functional theory calculations, the stability of intermediates in the NH tautomerism of 3 and the transition states have been discussed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Saegusa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University , Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University , Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Tautomerization in porphycenes, constitutional isomers of porphyrins, is strongly entangled with spectral and photophysical parameters. The intramolecular double hydrogen transfer occurring in the ground and electronically excited states leads to uncommon spectroscopic characteristics, such as depolarized emission, viscosity-dependent radiationless depopulation, and vibrational-mode-specific tunneling splittings. This review starts with documentation of the electronic spectra of porphycenes: Absorption and magnetic circular dichroism are discussed, together with their analysis based on the perimeter model. Next, photophysical characteristics are presented, setting the stage for the final part, which discusses the developments in research on tautomerism. Porphycenes have been studied in different experimental regimes: molecules in condensed phases, isolated in supersonic jets and helium nanodroplets, and, recently also on the level of single molecules investigated by optical and scanning probe microscopies. Because of the rich and detailed information obtained from these diverse investigations, porphycenes emerge as very good models for studying the complex, multidimensional phenomena involved in the process of intramolecular double hydrogen transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Waluk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , 01-224 Warsaw, Kasprzaka 44/52, Poland.,Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University , Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hill DE, Vasdev N, Holland JP. Evaluating the accuracy of density functional theory for calculating 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts in drug molecules. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
6
|
Urbani M, Torres T. Tautomerism and Atropisomerism in Free-Base (meso)-Strapped Porphyrins: Static and Dynamic Aspects. Chemistry 2014; 20:16337-49. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
7
|
Barbosa LR, Vieira YW, Lacerda V, de Oliveira KT, dos Santos RB, Greco SJ, Neto AC, de Castro EVR, Brocksom TJ. Unequivocal structural assignments of three cycloheptenoid intermediates for guaiane sesquiterpenes: an experimental and theoretical approach. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2014; 52:318-328. [PMID: 24723362 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Layla R Barbosa
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, 29.075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Smaga A, Sadlej J. Computational study on interaction energy changes during double proton transfer process. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
9
|
Quantum tautomerization in porphycene and its isotopomers: Path-integral molecular dynamics simulations. Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
10
|
Abstract
Unsubstituted porphycene was prepared in 65% yield from 2,7,12,17-tetra-tert-butylporphycene. Taking into account the yield of the substrate, this represents more than a five-fold improvement compared to the methodology used to date. Enhanced availability of the parent porphycene may be exploited in synthetic procedures based on derivatization of the unsubstituted compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Urbańska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
| | - Marek Pietraszkiewicz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
| | - Jacek Waluk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Theoretical study on the mechanism of double proton transfer in porphycene by path-integral molecular dynamics simulations. Chem Phys Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
12
|
Cybulski H, Sadlej J. A computational study of the nuclear magnetic resonance parameters for double proton exchange pathways in the formamide–formic acid and formamide–formamidine complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:11232-42. [DOI: 10.1039/b913947h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
13
|
Lopez del Amo JM, Langer U, Torres V, Pietrzak M, Buntkowsky G, Vieth HM, Shibl MF, Kühn O, Bröring M, Limbach HH. Isotope and Phase Effects on the Proton Tautomerism in Polycrystalline Porphycene Revealed by NMR. J Phys Chem A 2008; 113:2193-206. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8079414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Miguel Lopez del Amo
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller Universität, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Langer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller Universität, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Verónica Torres
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller Universität, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Mariusz Pietrzak
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller Universität, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller Universität, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Vieth
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller Universität, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed F. Shibl
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller Universität, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Kühn
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller Universität, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Martin Bröring
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller Universität, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Heinrich Limbach
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Friedrich-Schiller Universität, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wacker P, Dahms K, Senge MO, Kleinpeter E. Influence of the Core Conformation on the NH-Tautomerism in Porphyrins: A Study of meso-(1,3-Dithian-2-yl)porphyrins. J Org Chem 2008; 73:2182-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jo702443x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wacker
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Golm, Germany, and School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Katja Dahms
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Golm, Germany, and School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mathias O. Senge
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Golm, Germany, and School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Erich Kleinpeter
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Golm, Germany, and School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Smedarchina Z, Shibl M, Kühn O, Fernández-Ramos A. The tautomerization dynamics of porphycene and its isotopomers – Concerted versus stepwise mechanisms. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
16
|
Pietrzak M, Shibl MF, Bröring M, Kühn O, Limbach HH. 1H/2H NMR Studies of Geometric H/D Isotope Effects on the Coupled Hydrogen Bonds in Porphycene Derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 129:296-304. [PMID: 17212408 DOI: 10.1021/ja065170b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 1H and 2H NMR spectra of porphycene (1), 2,3,6,7,12,13,16,17-octaethylporphycene (2), 2,7,12,17-tetra-n-propylporphycene (3), and 2,7,12,17-tetra-(tert-butyl)-3,6-13,16-dibenzo[cde;mno]porphycene (4) partially deuterated in the mobile proton sites are reported. These compounds exhibit two intramolecular NHN hydrogen bonds of increasing strength representing models of the concerted HH transfer in the parent compound, porphycene. The 1H chemical shifts of the mobile protons are correlated with the difference of the energies of the amino- and imino-N1s orbitals reported by Ghosh A.; Moulder J.; Bröring M.; Vogel E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 113, 445-448. The chemical shifts of 4 indicate a reduced contribution of the aromatic ring current as compared to the other compounds which is associated to the nonplanarity of this molecule. The primary H/D isotope effects on the chemical shifts give information about the primary, secondary, and vicinal geometric isotope effects of the two inner hydrogen bonds of porphycenes. The vicinal effects indicate a cooperative coupling of the two hydrogen bonds which may favor a concerted double proton-transfer mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Pietrzak
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|