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Yu L, Hou Y, Wang Y, Cao P, Luo C, Liu Y, Ran G, Wang M, Hou X. Quartz Nonadherent and Clean Exfoliation of the Heteroatom-Doped Bulk Carbon Nanotubes Array. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9383-9391. [PMID: 37792754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes array offers unique properties for various applications. Detaching them from the growth substrate, while preserving their vertical structure, is essential. Quartz, a cost-effective alternative to silicon wafers and metal-based substrates, can serve as both a reaction chamber and a growth substrate. However, the strong adhesive interaction with the quartz substrate remains an obstacle for further applications. Herein, we presented a simple and well-controlled exfoliation strategy assisted by the introduction of heteroatoms at root ends of a carbon nanotubes array. This strategy forms lower surface polarity of the carbon fragment to significantly reduce adhesion to the quartz substrate, which contributes to the effortless exfoliation. Furthermore, this scalable approach enables potential mass production on recyclable quartz substrates, enhancing the cost-effectiveness and efficiency. This work can establish a solid foundation for cost-competitive carbon nanotube-based technologies, offering a promising avenue for their widespread applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yaqi Hou
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yilan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Pei Cao
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chunyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu Liu
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Department of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guang Ran
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Miao Wang
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Department of Biomaterials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Jiujiang Research Institute, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361102, China
- Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Matsuda T, Minami D, Khoerunnisa F, Sunaga M, Nakamura M, Utsumi S, Itoh T, Fujimori T, Hayashi T, Hattori Y, Endo M, Isobe H, Onodera H, Kaneko K. Aqueous nanosilica dispersants for carbon nanotube. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:3194-3202. [PMID: 25706991 DOI: 10.1021/la504599b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanosilicas can disperse single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) in aqueous solution efficiently; SWCNTs are stably dispersed in aqueous media for more than 6 months. The SWCNT dispersing solution with nanosilica can produce highly conductive transparent films which satisfy the requirements for application to touch panels. Even multiwall carbon nanotube can be dispersed easily in aqueous solution. The highly stable dispersion of SWCNTs in the presence of nanosilica is associated with charge transfer interaction which generates effective charges on the SWCNT particles, giving rise to electrostatic repulsion between the SWCNTs in the aqueous solution. Adhesion of charged nanosilicas on SWCNTs in the aqueous solution and a marked depression of the S11 peak of optical absorption spectrum of the SWCNT with nanosilicas suggest charge transfer interaction of nanosilicas with SWCNT. Thus-formed isolated SWCNTs are fixed on the flexible three-dimensional silica jelly structure in the aqueous solution, leading to the uniform and stable dispersion of SWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Matsuda
- †Technical Center, Fuji Chemical Co., Ltd., Nakatsugawa 509-9132, Japan
| | - Daiki Minami
- ‡Center for Energy and Environmental Science, Shinshu University, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Fitri Khoerunnisa
- ‡Center for Energy and Environmental Science, Shinshu University, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
- §Department of Chemistry, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
| | - Motoo Sunaga
- †Technical Center, Fuji Chemical Co., Ltd., Nakatsugawa 509-9132, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakamura
- ∥Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Suwa, Chino 391-0292, Japan
| | - Shigenori Utsumi
- ∥Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Suwa, Chino 391-0292, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Itoh
- ⊥Center for Chemical Analysis, Chiba University, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Hiroshi Isobe
- †Technical Center, Fuji Chemical Co., Ltd., Nakatsugawa 509-9132, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Onodera
- †Technical Center, Fuji Chemical Co., Ltd., Nakatsugawa 509-9132, Japan
| | - Katsumi Kaneko
- ‡Center for Energy and Environmental Science, Shinshu University, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
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Hwang SM, Park JH, Lim S, Jung DH, Guim H, Yoon YG, Yim SD, Kim TY. Designing an ultrathin silica layer for highly durable carbon nanofibers as the carbon support in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:12111-12119. [PMID: 25196022 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr04293j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A critical issue for maintaining long-term applications of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) is the development of an innovative technique for the functionalization of a carbon support that preserves their exceptional electrical conductivity and robustly enriches their durability. Here, we report for the first time how the formation of a partially coated, ultrathin, hydrophobic silica layer around the surfaces of the carbon nanofiber (CNF) helps improve the durability of the CNF without decreasing the significant electrical conductivity of the virgin CNF. The synthesis involved the adsorption of polycarbomethylsilane (PS) on the CNF's sidewalls, followed by high temperature pyrolysis of PS, resulting in a highly durable, conductive carbon support in PEFCs. The Pt nanoparticles are in direct contact with the surface of the carbon in the empty spaces between unevenly coated silica layers, which are not deposited directly onto the silica layer. The presence of a Pt nanoparticle layer that was thicker than the silica layer would be a quite advantageous circumstance that provides contact with other neighboring CNFs without having a significant adverse effect that deeply damages the electrical conductivity of the neighboring CNF composites with the silica layer. Furthermore, the ultrathin, hydrophobic silica layer around the surfaces of the CNF provides great potential to reduce the presence of water molecules in the vicinity of the carbon supports and the ˙OH radicals formed on the surface of the Pt catalyst. As a result, the CNF with a 5 wt% silica layer that we prepared has had extremely high initial performance and durability under severe carbon corrosion conditions, starting up with 974 mA cm(-2) at 0.6 V and ending up with more than 58% of the initial performance (i.e., 569 mA cm(-2) at 0.6 V) after a 1.6 V holding test for 6 h. The beginning-of-life and end-of-life performances based on the virgin CNF without the silica layer were 981 and 340 mA cm(-2) at 0.6 V, respectively. The CNF having a silica layer had long-term durability which was superior to that of the virgin CNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Mi Hwang
- Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea.
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Li YL, Qiao XH, Feng JM, Zhong XH, Zhang LH, Qian LP, Hou F. Synthesis of highly uniform silica-shelled carbon nanotube coaxial fibers from catalytic gas-flow reactions viain situ deposition of silica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b823088a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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de Andrade MJ, Lima MD, Bergmann CP, Ramminger GDO, Balzaretti NM, Costa TMH, Gallas MR. Carbon nanotube/silica composites obtained by sol-gel and high-pressure techniques. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 19:265607. [PMID: 21828688 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/26/265607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The successful incorporation of functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (f-SWCNTs) into a silica matrix prepared by the sol-gel method is reported herein. SWCNTs produced through catalytic chemical-vapor deposition (CCVD) have been purified and functionalized with sulfuric, nitric and hydrochloric acids to ensure a good dispersion in an aqueous solution. The nanotube composites are prepared using three concentrations of f-SWCNTs (0.025, 0.050 and 0.075 wt%.) in a silica matrix, resulting in translucent monoliths after gelation. Dense, crack-free and hard compacts are obtained by high-pressure processing at 7.7 GPa and room temperature. Compared to the pure silica compact, compacts containing 0.025 and 0.050 wt% f-SWCNTs show an increased toughness of about 54% and 69%, respectively. The influence of f-SWCNTs on some microstructural aspects of the silica matrix has been studied using nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. Raman spectroscopy has been applied to analyze the effect of the silica matrix and high-pressure compaction on the f-SWCNTs incorporated into the silica matrix. These measurements showed that f-SWCNTs remained in the silica matrix under pressure, suggesting an important interaction with the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mônica J de Andrade
- Departamento of Materials, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-190 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Wan Y, Min YL, Yu SH. Synthesis of silica/carbon-encapsulated core-shell spheres: templates for other unique core-shell structures and applications in in situ loading of noble-metal nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:5024-5028. [PMID: 18363416 DOI: 10.1021/la703578u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Silica@carbon core-shell spheres have been synthesized via a hydrothermal carbonization procedure with glucose as the carbon precursor and silica spheres as the cores. Such SiO(2)@C core-shell spheres can be further used as templates to produce SiO(2)@C@SiO(2), and SiO(2)@SiO(2) spheres with a vacant region in two SiO(2) shells, noble-metal nanoparticle loaded SiO(2)@C core-shell spheres, and hollow carbon capsules through different follow-up processes. The obtained core-shell materials possess remarkable chemical reactivity in reducing noble-metal ions to nanoparticles, e.g., platinum. These unique core-shell spherical composites could find applications in catalyst supports, adsorbents, encapsulation, nanoreactors, and reaction templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wan
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
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Tsetseris L, Pantelides ST. Encapsulation of floating carbon nanotubes in SiO(2). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:266805. [PMID: 17280451 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.266805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In many applications of carbon nanotubes (CNT), it is desirable to have them embedded in a dielectric such as SiO(2), without significantly impacting their electronic properties. Here we investigate the CNT-SiO(2) interface of an embedded CNT using first-principles calculations. We show that strong Si-O-C bonds form, suggesting the feasibility of SiO(2) deposition on CNTs. We further show that subsequent hydrogenation eliminates all the Si-O-C bonds, leading to floating CNTs with electronic properties very close to those of pristine CNTs in vacuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tsetseris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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Grzelczak M, Correa-Duarte MA, Liz-Marzán LM. Carbon nanotubes encapsulated in wormlike hollow silica shells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2006; 2:1174-7. [PMID: 17193585 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200600152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Grzelczak
- Departamento de Química-Física, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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He Y, Cao C, Wan YX, Cheng HP. From cluster to bulk: Size dependent energetics of silica and silica-water interaction. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:024722. [PMID: 16422641 DOI: 10.1063/1.2140696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We present our computational investigations on the energetics of clusters that consist of H2O and SiO2 using first-principles Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics method. Cohesive energy and hydration energy of both pure (or dry) and hydroxylated (or wet) ring-structured clusters have been investigated as functions of system size. We have found clear trends of energy as the cluster size increases. Energetics of a small silica nano-rod that contains 108 atoms is also obtained as a middle reference point for size evolution. Results from cluster and nano-rod calculations are compared with values from bulk quartz calculations using the same level of theoretical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao He
- Department of Physics and the Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Fan W, Gao L. Silica Nanobeads-decorated Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes by Vapor-phase Method. CHEM LETT 2005. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2005.954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Loscutova R, Barron AR. Coating single-walled carbon nanotubes with cadmium chalcogenides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b510255c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Whitsitt EA, Moore VC, Smalley RE, Barron AR. LPD silica coating of individual single walled carbon nanotubes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b509869f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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