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Classical trajectory studies of collisional energy transfer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64207-3.00003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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2
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Experiments on collisional energy transfer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64207-3.00001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Schleier D, Constantinidis P, Faßheber N, Fischer I, Friedrichs G, Hemberger P, Reusch E, Sztáray B, Voronova K. Kinetics of the a-C 3H 5 + O 2 reaction, investigated by photoionization using synchrotron radiation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:10721-10731. [PMID: 29340384 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07893e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the combustion-relevant reaction of the allyl radical, a-C3H5, with molecular oxygen has been studied in a flow tube reactor at the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) beamline of the Swiss Light Source storage ring, using the CRF-PEPICO (Combustion Reactions Followed by Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence Spectroscopy) setup. The ability to measure threshold photoelectron spectra enables a background-free detection of reactive species as well as an isomer-specific analysis of reaction products. Allyl was generated by direct photodissociation of allyl iodide at 266 nm and 213 nm and indirectly by the reaction of propene with Cl atoms, which were generated by photolysis from oxalyl chloride at 266 nm. Experiments were conducted at room temperature at low pressures between 0.8 and 3 mbar using Ar as the buffer gas and with excess O2 to maintain nearly pseudo-first-order reaction conditions. Whereas allyl was detected by photoionisation using synchrotron radiation, the main reaction product allyl peroxy was not observed due to dissociative ionisation of this weakly bound species. From the concentration-time profiles of the allyl signal, second-order rate constants between 1.35 × 1011 cm3 mol-1 s-1 at 0.8 mbar and 1.75 × 1011 cm3 mol-1 s-1 at 3 mbar were determined. The rates obtained for the different allyl radical generation schemes agree well with each other, but are about a factor of 2 higher than the ones reported previously using He as a buffer gas. The discrepancy is partly attributed to the higher collision efficiency of Ar causing a varying fall-off behavior. When allyl is produced by the reaction of propene with Cl atom, an unexpected product is observed at m/z = 68, which was identified as 1,3-butadienal in the threshold photoelectron spectrum. It is formed in a secondary reaction of allyl with the OCCl radical, which is generated in the 266 nm photolysis of oxalyl chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Schleier
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Shen X, Wang S, Dai K, Shen Y. Nascent rotational distribution for LiH(v=0-3,J) states from collisions with H 2(E=4300 and 4800cm -1). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 173:516-526. [PMID: 27741492 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Rotationally state selective excitation of H2(v=1, J=1 or 3) was achieved by stimulated Raman pumping. The full state-resolved distribution of scattered LiH(v=0-3, J=0~13)molecules from collisions with excited H2(E=4300 and 4800cm-1) is reported. Nascent rotational and translational energy profiles for scattered LiH(v=0~3) molecules with J=0~13 were measured using high-resolution transient laser induced fluorescence(LIF). The product translational energy for individual J-states increases by 120% for a 13% increase in donor energy. The scattered LiH(v=0, J=0~13) molecules have a biexponential rotational distribution. Fitting the data with a two-component exponential model yields a low-energy distribution and a high-energy distribution. The rotational distribution is sensitive to donor energy. Rotational distributions of scatted LiH(v=1-3) molecules were also measured. The distribution yielded rotational temperatures at 690K for LiH/H2(E=4300cm-1) and 730K for LiH/H2(E=4800cm-1), respectively. The rate constants for appearance LiH(v=0-3,J) were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Shen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Sci.&Tech., Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shuying Wang
- School of Physics, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Kang Dai
- School of Physics, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Yifan Shen
- School of Physics, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
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Aieta C, Gabas F, Ceotto M. An Efficient Computational Approach for the Calculation of the Vibrational Density of States. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:4853-62. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Aieta
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via C. Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Gabas
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via C. Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CINECA - Interuniversity
Computing Center Supercomputing Applications and Innovation Department
- SCAI Via R. Sanzio, 4, 20090 Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Ceotto
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via C. Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Conte R, Houston PL, Bowman JM. Trajectory and Model Studies of Collisions of Highly Excited Methane with Water Using an ab Initio Potential. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:12304-17. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b06595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Conte
- Department
of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Paul L. Houston
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, Ithaca, New York 14852, United States
| | - Joel M. Bowman
- Department
of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Houston PL, Conte R, Bowman JM. A Model For Energy Transfer in Collisions of Atoms with Highly Excited Molecules. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4695-710. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul L. Houston
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Riccardo Conte
- Department
of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Joel M. Bowman
- Department
of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Vereecken L, Glowacki DR, Pilling MJ. Theoretical Chemical Kinetics in Tropospheric Chemistry: Methodologies and Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:4063-114. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500488p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luc Vereecken
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - David R. Glowacki
- PULSE
Institute and Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
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Kim K, Johnson AM, Powell AL, Mitchell DG, Sevy ET. High resolution IR diode laser study of collisional energy transfer between highly vibrationally excited monofluorobenzene and CO2: the effect of donor fluorination on strong collision energy transfer. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:234306. [PMID: 25527934 DOI: 10.1063/1.4903252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Collisional energy transfer between vibrational ground state CO2 and highly vibrationally excited monofluorobenzene (MFB) was studied using narrow bandwidth (0.0003 cm(-1)) IR diode laser absorption spectroscopy. Highly vibrationally excited MFB with E' = ∼41,000 cm(-1) was prepared by 248 nm UV excitation followed by rapid radiationless internal conversion to the electronic ground state (S1→S0*). The amount of vibrational energy transferred from hot MFB into rotations and translations of CO2 via collisions was measured by probing the scattered CO2 using the IR diode laser. The absolute state specific energy transfer rate constants and scattering probabilities for single collisions between hot MFB and CO2 were measured and used to determine the energy transfer probability distribution function, P(E,E'), in the large ΔE region. P(E,E') was then fit to a bi-exponential function and extrapolated to the low ΔE region. P(E,E') and the biexponential fit data were used to determine the partitioning between weak and strong collisions as well as investigate molecular properties responsible for large collisional energy transfer events. Fermi's Golden rule was used to model the shape of P(E,E') and identify which donor vibrational motions are primarily responsible for energy transfer. In general, the results suggest that low-frequency MFB vibrational modes are primarily responsible for strong collisions, and govern the shape and magnitude of P(E,E'). Where deviations from this general trend occur, vibrational modes with large negative anharmonicity constants are more efficient energy gateways than modes with similar frequency, while vibrational modes with large positive anharmonicity constants are less efficient at energy transfer than modes of similar frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Alan M Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Amber L Powell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Deborah G Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Eric T Sevy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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Houston PL, Conte R, Bowman JM. Collisional Energy Transfer in Highly Excited Molecules. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:7758-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jp506202g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul L. Houston
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Baker Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14852, United States
| | - Riccardo Conte
- Department
of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Joel M. Bowman
- Department
of Chemistry and Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Du J, Sassin NA, Havey DK, Hsu K, Mullin AS. Full State-Resolved Energy Gain Profiles of CO2 from Collisions with Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules. II. Energy-Dependent Pyrazine (E = 32 700 and 37 900 cm–1) Relaxation. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:12104-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jp404939s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Sassin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Daniel K. Havey
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Kailin Hsu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Amy S. Mullin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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Shuman NS, Miller TM, Viggiano AA, Troe J. Electron attachment to POCl3. III. Measurement and kinetic modeling of branching fractions. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:094310. [PMID: 21384972 DOI: 10.1063/1.3549139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Shuman
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom Air Force Base, Bedford, Massachusetts 01731-3010, USA
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Havey DK, Du J, Liu Q, Mullin AS. Full State-Resolved Energy Gain Profiles of CO2 (J = 2−80) from Collisions of Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules. 1. Relaxation of Pyrazine (E = 37900 cm−1). J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:1569-80. [DOI: 10.1021/jp908934j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K. Havey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Qingnan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Amy S. Mullin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
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Liu Q, Havey DK, Li Z, Mullin AS. Effects of Alkylation on Deviations from Lennard−Jones Collision Rates for Highly Excited Aromatic Molecules: Collisions of Methylated Pyridines with HOD. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:4387-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jp811077p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingnan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park, Maryland 20705
| | - Daniel K. Havey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park, Maryland 20705
| | - Ziman Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park, Maryland 20705
| | - Amy S. Mullin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park, Maryland 20705
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Liu Q, Havey DK, Mullin AS. Energy Transfer Dynamics in the Presence of Preferential Hydrogen Bonding: Collisions of Highly Vibrationally Excited Pyridine-h5, -d5, and -f5 with Water. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:9509-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jp802326t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingnan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Daniel K. Havey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Amy S. Mullin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
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Yuan L, Du J, Mullin AS. Energy-dependent dynamics of large-ΔE collisions: Highly vibrationally excited azulene (E=20390 and 38580cm−1) with CO2. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:014303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2943668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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17
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Duffin AM, Johnson JA, Muyskens MA, Sevy ET. Competition between Photochemistry and Energy Transfer in UV-Excited Diazabenzenes. 4. UV Photodissociation of 2,3-, 2,5-, and 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:13330-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0762471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Duffin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Jeremy A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Mark A. Muyskens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Eric T. Sevy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
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Nilsson D, Nordholm S. Statistical Theory of Collisional Energy Transfer in Molecular Collisions. trans-Stilbene Deactivation by Argon, Carbon Dioxide, and n-Heptane. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:3289-96. [PMID: 16509655 DOI: 10.1021/jp055144k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in experimental techniques have made it possible to measure the full conditional probability density P(E, E') of the energy transfer between two colliding molecules in the gas phase, one of which is highly energized and the other in thermal equilibrium at a given temperature. Data have now become available for trans-stilbene deactivation by the three bath gas molecules Ar, CO2, and n-heptane (C7H16). The initial energies of trans-stilbene are set to 10 000, 20 000, 30 000, and 40 000 cm (-1). The results show that exceptionally large amounts of energy are transferred in each collision. By application of our partially ergodic collision theory (PECT), we find that the energy transfer efficiency betaE ranges from a rather normal value of 0.15 for n-heptane at the highest excitation energy to 0.93-nearly in the ergodic collision limit-for the argon bath gas at high excitation energy. Generally, the PECT produces a good fit of the data except for the nearly elastic peak in the case of n-heptane, where PECT produces a rounded and downshifted peak in contrast to a sharply defined elastic maximum of the monoexponential functional fit produced from the original experimental data obtained by kinetically controlled selective ionization in the work of the group of Luther in Göttingen. This problem is analyzed and found to be related partly to the lack of treatment of glancing collisions in the theory with a remaining uncertainty due to the weak dependence of energy transfer efficiency on nearly elastic collisions. A summary of the present state of understanding shows that collisional activation and deactivation of reactant molecules is more efficient and more statistical than has been previously realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nilsson
- Department of Chemistry, Göteborg University, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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Frerichs H, Hollerbach M, Lenzer T, Luther K. Kinetically Controlled Selective Ionization Study on the Efficient Collisional Energy Transfer in the Deactivation of Highly Vibrationally Excited trans-Stilbene. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:3179-85. [PMID: 16509642 DOI: 10.1021/jp0545804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Direct measurements of the gas-phase collisional energy transfer parameters are reported for the deactivation of highly vibrationally excited trans-stilbene molecules, initially prepared with an average energy of about 40 000 cm(-1), in the bath gases argon, CO2, and n-heptane. The method of kinetically controlled selective ionization (KCSI) has been used. Complete experimental collisional transition probability density functions P(E',E) are determined, which are represented by a monoexponential form with a parametric exponent in the argument, P(E',E) proportional to exp[-{(E - E')/(C0 + C1E)}Y] (for downward collisions), well established from earlier KCSI studies. A comparison of the first moments of energy transfer rate constants, kE,1, or of resulting first moments of energy transfer, <DeltaE(E)>, for trans-stilbene with those for azulene and toluene clearly shows the considerably more efficient deactivation of trans-stilbene for all bath gases, presumably due to the much greater number of very low-frequency modes of trans-stilbene. However, on a relative scale this gain in deactivation rate of excited trans-stilbene is clearly collider dependent and decreases distinctly with the growing collision efficiency of the larger bath gas molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Frerichs
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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