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Davis BM, Brenton J, Davis S, Shamsher E, Sisa C, Grgic L, Cordeiro MF. Assessing anesthetic activity through modulation of the membrane dipole potential. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1962-1976. [PMID: 28818873 PMCID: PMC5625120 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m073932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is great individual variation in response to general anesthetics (GAs) leading to difficulties in optimal dosing and sometimes even accidental awareness during general anesthesia (AAGA). AAGA is a rare, but potentially devastating, complication affecting between 0.1% and 2% of patients undergoing surgery. The development of novel personalized screening techniques to accurately predict a patient’s response to GAs and the risk of AAGA remains an unmet clinical need. In the present study, we demonstrate the principle of using a fluorescent reporter of the membrane dipole potential, di-8-ANEPPs, as a novel method to monitor anesthetic activity using a well-described inducer/noninducer pair. The membrane dipole potential has previously been suggested to contribute a novel mechanism of anesthetic action. We show that the fluorescence ratio of di-8-ANEPPs changed in response to physiological concentrations of the anesthetic, 1-chloro-1,2,2-trifluorocyclobutane (F3), but not the structurally similar noninducer, 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane (F6), to artificial membranes and in vitro retinal cell systems. Modulation of the membrane dipole provides an explanation to overcome the limitations associated with the alternative membrane-mediated mechanisms of GA action. Furthermore, by combining this technique with noninvasive retinal imaging technologies, we propose that this technique could provide a novel and noninvasive technique to monitor GA susceptibility and identify patients at risk of AAGA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Brenton
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom
| | - Sterenn Davis
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom
| | - Ehtesham Shamsher
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Sisa
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom
| | - Ljuban Grgic
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom
| | - M Francesca Cordeiro
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom .,Western Eye Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, and Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group, Imperial College London, London NW1 5QH, United Kingdom
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Papadimitriou VC, McGillen MR, Smith SC, Jubb AM, Portmann RW, Hall BD, Fleming EL, Jackman CH, Burkholder JB. 1,2-Dichlorohexafluoro-cyclobutane (1,2-c-C4F6Cl2, R-316c) a Potent Ozone Depleting Substance and Greenhouse Gas: Atmospheric Loss Processes, Lifetimes, and Ozone Depletion and Global Warming Potentials for the (E) and (Z) Stereoisomers. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:11049-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jp407823k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vassileios C. Papadimitriou
- Earth
System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado, 80305 United States
- Cooperative
Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309 United States
- Laboratory
of Photochemistry and Chemical Kinetics, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Max R. McGillen
- Earth
System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado, 80305 United States
- Cooperative
Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309 United States
| | - Shona C. Smith
- Earth
System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado, 80305 United States
- Cooperative
Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309 United States
| | - Aaron M. Jubb
- Earth
System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado, 80305 United States
- Cooperative
Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309 United States
| | - Robert W. Portmann
- Earth
System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado, 80305 United States
| | - Bradley D. Hall
- Earth
System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado, 80305 United States
| | - Eric L. Fleming
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, 20771 United States
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, Maryland, 20706 United States
| | - Charles H. Jackman
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, 20771 United States
| | - James B. Burkholder
- Earth
System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado, 80305 United States
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Xiong W, Cui T, Cheng K, Yang F, Chen SR, Willenbring D, Guan Y, Pan HL, Ren K, Xu Y, Zhang L. Cannabinoids suppress inflammatory and neuropathic pain by targeting α3 glycine receptors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 209:1121-34. [PMID: 22585736 PMCID: PMC3371734 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20120242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Systemic and intrathecal administration of derivatives of a nonpsychoactive component of marijuana significantly suppresses chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain, without causing analgesic tolerance, in several rodent models. Certain types of nonpsychoactive cannabinoids can potentiate glycine receptors (GlyRs), an important target for nociceptive regulation at the spinal level. However, little is known about the potential and mechanism of glycinergic cannabinoids for chronic pain treatment. We report that systemic and intrathecal administration of cannabidiol (CBD), a major nonpsychoactive component of marijuana, and its modified derivatives significantly suppress chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain without causing apparent analgesic tolerance in rodents. The cannabinoids significantly potentiate glycine currents in dorsal horn neurons in rat spinal cord slices. The analgesic potency of 11 structurally similar cannabinoids is positively correlated with cannabinoid potentiation of the α3 GlyRs. In contrast, the cannabinoid analgesia is neither correlated with their binding affinity for CB1 and CB2 receptors nor with their psychoactive side effects. NMR analysis reveals a direct interaction between CBD and S296 in the third transmembrane domain of purified α3 GlyR. The cannabinoid-induced analgesic effect is absent in mice lacking the α3 GlyRs. Our findings suggest that the α3 GlyRs mediate glycinergic cannabinoid-induced suppression of chronic pain. These cannabinoids may represent a novel class of therapeutic agents for the treatment of chronic pain and other diseases involving GlyR dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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