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Fan J, Wooley JM, Sanders H, Stavros VG, Buma WJ. Urocanic acid as a novel scaffold for next-gen nature-inspired sunscreens: II. Time-resolved spectroscopy under solution conditions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 39314174 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02088j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
In recent years the use of synthetic UV filters in commercial skincare formulations has come under considerable scrutiny. Urocanic acid is a naturally occurring UV filter that could serve as a scaffold for developing next-generation biomimetic UV filters. We have carried out time-resolved electronic and vibrational absorption studies on urocanic acid and modified variants in various solvents on timescales spanning eighteen orders of magnitude; from femtoseconds to hours. In combination with quantum chemical calculations these provide vital insight into the photochemical and photophysical properties of urocanic acid and how these are tuned by substitutions and solvents. Moreover, they solve the hitherto conundrum of the wavelength dependence of the photochemistry of trans-urocanic acid in an aqueous environment. Crucially, these studies - together with the accompanying article that reports high-resolution laser spectroscopic studies performed under isolated gas-phase conditions (https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CP02087A) open novel avenues for a rational design of urocanic acid-based UV filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayun Fan
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jack M Wooley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Hans Sanders
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Vasilios G Stavros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Kumar N, Murli C, Varma M, Poswal HK, Thomas S, Kshirsagar RJ. High pressure Raman investigation on trans-urocanic acid. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 266:120438. [PMID: 34627016 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trans-urocanic acid (t-UCA) is an important epidermal UV protector predominantly found in human skin. Exposure of UV radiation triggers photoisomerization of t-UCA into its other conformer, cis-urocanic acid (cis-UCA), which has been shown to be a mediator of UV-induced immune-suppression leading to skin cancer. In this report, we present the investigation of molecular changes of t-UCA under high pressures by in-situ high pressure Raman spectroscopy. The study indicates onset of ring opening polymerization of t-UCA at pressure above 1.4 GPa. At pressures beyond 5 GPa, a well discernible characteristic vibrational mode (CC stretch) accompanied by several other spectral features such as δ CO2- and δ NH modes of cis-UCA point towards the isomerization of residual t-UCA monomers into cis-UCA. The content of cis-UCA gradually increased with increase in pressure. On release to ambient conditions, the spectrum of the quenched sample showed Raman modes of polymer and cis-UCA indicating that the changes are irreversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Infrared Laser Spectroscopy Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 85, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 94, India.
| | - C Murli
- High Pressure & Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 85, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 94, India
| | - Meera Varma
- High Pressure & Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 85, India
| | - H K Poswal
- High Pressure & Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 85, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 94, India
| | - S Thomas
- High Pressure & Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 85, India.
| | - R J Kshirsagar
- Infrared Laser Spectroscopy Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 85, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 94, India
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Tuna D, Spörkel L, Barbatti M, Thiel W. Nonadiabatic dynamics simulations of photoexcited urocanic acid. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Quantum chemistry study on nonlinear optical properties of hemicyanine dye derivatives with different electron donor groups. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tuna D, Sobolewski AL, Domcke W. Photochemical Mechanisms of Radiationless Deactivation Processes in Urocanic Acid. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:976-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jp411818j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Tuna
- Department
of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr.
4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Andrzej L. Sobolewski
- Institute
of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department
of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr.
4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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Luo J, Song K, Gu FL, Miao Q. Switching of non-helical overcrowded tetrabenzoheptafulvalene derivatives. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00340b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Barbatti M. The role of tautomers in the UV absorption of urocanic acid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:4686. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02142c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Rand AA, Barclay LRC. Photo-oxidations initiated by UV radiation of urocanic acid and its methyl ester in solution, micelles, and lipid bilayers: TYPE I (free radical) or TYPE II (singlet oxygen) mechanisms depend on the medium. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gibbs NK, Tye J, Norval M. Recent advances in urocanic acid photochemistry, photobiology and photoimmunology. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2008; 7:655-67. [PMID: 18528548 DOI: 10.1039/b717398a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Urocanic acid (UCA), produced in the upper layers of mammalian skin, is a major absorber of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Originally thought to be a 'natural sunscreen', studies conducted a quarter of a century ago proposed that UCA may be a chromophore for the immunosuppression that follows exposure to UVR. With its intriguing photochemistry, its role in immunosuppression and skin cancer development, and skin barrier function, UCA continues to be the subject of intense research effort. This review summarises the photochemical, photobiological and photoimmunological findings regarding UCA, published since 1998.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil K Gibbs
- Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester Medical School, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK M13 9PT.
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Zugazagoitia JS, Almora-Díaz CX, Peon J. Ultrafast Intersystem Crossing in 1-Nitronaphthalene. An Experimental and Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:358-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jp074809a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimena S. Zugazagoitia
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - César Xavier Almora-Díaz
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Jorge Peon
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
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