1
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Cao N, Zhao Y, Chen H, Huang J, Yu M, Bao Y, Wang D, Cui S. Poly(ethylene glycol) Becomes a Supra-Polyelectrolyte by Capturing Hydronium Ions in Water. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanpu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yuehua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jinying Huang
- School of Optoelectronic Science, Changchun College of Electronic Technology, Changchun 130114, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Shuxun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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2
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Bao Y, Huang X, Xu D, Xu J, Jiang L, Lu ZY, Cui S. Bound water governs the single-chain property of Poly(vinyl alcohol) in aqueous environments. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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3
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Yang J, Wang Y, Qian HJ, Lu ZY, Gong Z, Liu H, Cui S. Force-induced hydrogen bonding between single polyformaldehyde chain and water. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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4
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Yang JX, Qian HJ, Gong Z, Lu ZY, Cui SX. Stretching Elasticity and Flexibility of Single Polyformaldehyde Chain. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2679-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Zhang F, Gong Z, Cai W, Qian HJ, Lu ZY, Cui S. Single-chain mechanics of cis-1,4-polyisoprene and polysulfide. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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6
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Gong Z, Zhang Y, Lu H, Cui S. Single-chain Mechanics of Proline-based Polyesters. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a21110514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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8
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Bao Y, Huang X, Xu J, Cui S. Effect of Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds on the Single-Chain Elasticity of Poly(vinyl alcohol): Evidencing the Synergistic Enhancement Effect at the Single-Molecule Level. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bao
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shuxun Cui
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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9
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Bao Y, Luo Z, Cui S. Environment-dependent single-chain mechanics of synthetic polymers and biomacromolecules by atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy and the implications for advanced polymer materials. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:2799-2827. [PMID: 32236171 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
"The Tao begets the One. One begets all things of the world." This quote from Tao Te Ching is still inspiring for scientists in chemistry and materials science: The "One" can refer to a single molecule. A macroscopic material is composed of numerous molecules. Although the relationship between the properties of the single molecule and macroscopic material is not well understood yet, it is expected that a deeper understanding of the single-chain mechanics of macromolecules will certainly facilitate the development of materials science. Atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy (AFM-SMFS) has been exploited extensively as a powerful tool to study the single-chain behaviors of macromolecules. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the emerging field of environment-dependent single-chain mechanics of synthetic polymers and biomacromolecules by means of AFM-SMFS. First, the single-chain inherent elasticities of several typical linear macromolecules are introduced, which are also confirmed by one of three polymer models with theoretical elasticities of the corresponding macromolecules obtained from quantum mechanical (QM) calculations. Then, the effects of the external environments on the single-chain mechanics of synthetic polymers and biomacromolecules are reviewed. Finally, the impacts of single-chain mechanics of macromolecules on the development of polymer science especially polymer materials are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
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10
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Cai W, Lu S, Wei J, Cui S. Single-Chain Polymer Models Incorporating the Effects of Side Groups: An Approach to General Polymer Models. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanhao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Song Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Junhao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shuxun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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11
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Cheng B, Cui SX. The Important Roles of Water in Protein Folding: an Approach by Single Molecule Force Spectroscopy. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Yu M, Qian L, Cui S. Reentrant Variation of Single-Chain Elasticity of Polyelectrolyte Induced by Monovalent Salt. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:4257-4264. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shuxun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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13
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Luo Z, Zhang A, Chen Y, Shen Z, Cui S. How Big Is Big Enough? Effect of Length and Shape of Side Chains on the Single-Chain Enthalpic Elasticity of a Macromolecule. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglong Luo
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Afang Zhang
- Department
of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Road 333, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhihao Shen
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer
Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter
Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuxun Cui
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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14
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The solvent quality of water for poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in the collapsed state: Implications from single-molecule studies. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-016-1773-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Luo Z, Cheng B, Cui S. Effects of Water on the Single-Chain Elasticity of Poly(U) RNA. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6107-6113. [PMID: 25989243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Water, the dominant component under the physiological condition, is a complicated solvent which greatly affects the properties of solute molecules. Here, we utilize atomic force microscope-based single-molecule force spectroscopy to study the influence of water on the single-molecule elasticity of an unstructured single-stranded RNA (poly(U)). In nonpolar solvents, RNA presents its inherent elasticity, which is consistent with the theoretical single-chain elasticity calculated by quantum mechanics calculations. In aqueous buffers, however, an additional energy of 1.88 kJ/mol·base is needed for the stretching of the ssRNA chain. This energy is consumed by the bound water rearrangement (Ew) during chain elongation. Further experimental results indicate that the Ew value is uncorrelated to the salt concentrations and stretching velocity. The results obtained in an 8 M guanidine·HCl solution provide more evidence that the bound water molecules around RNA give rise to the observed deviation between aqueous and nonaqueous environments. Compared to synthetic water-soluble polymers, the value of Ew of RNA is much lower. The weak interference of water is supposed to be the precondition for the RNA secondary structure to exist in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglong Luo
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shuxun Cui
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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16
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Feldstein MM, Dormidontova EE, Khokhlov AR. Pressure sensitive adhesives based on interpolymer complexes. Prog Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Cheng B, Cui S. Supramolecular Chemistry and Mechanochemistry of Macromolecules: Recent Advances by Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2015; 369:97-134. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2015_628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone-supported boron trifluoride: a mild and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthenes and 1,8-dioxodecahydroacridines. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Khaksar S, Tajbakhsh M, Gholami M. Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone-supported triflic acid (PVPP·OTf) as a new, efficient, and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of bis-indolyl methane derivatives. CR CHIM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Pang X, Cui S. Single-chain mechanics of poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide): comparative study reveals the effect of hydrogen bond donors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:12176-12182. [PMID: 24003907 DOI: 10.1021/la403132e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The single-chain mechanics of two similar thermosensitive polymers, poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEAM) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), have been studied by atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS). In a typical nonpolar organic solvent, octane, both of the polymers show the same inherent elasticity, although they have different substitutional groups. However, the mechanics of the two polymers presents large differences in water. The energies needed for the rearrangement of the bound water during elongation at room temperature are estimated by the SMFS method at the single-chain level, which is ~1.13 ± 0.10 and ~5.19 ± 0.10 kJ/mol for PDEAM and PNIPAM, respectively. In addition, PNIPAM shows a temperature-dependent single-chain mechanics when the temperature is increased across the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), while PDEAM does not. These differences observed in aqueous solution originate from the different structures of the two polymers. With a hydrogen bond donor in the amide group, PNIPAM will be more hydrated when T < LCST. When T > LCST, PNIPAM will have larger changes in both conformation and hydration. These findings also suggest that PNIPAM is a good candidate for a thermo-driven single-molecule motor, while PDEAM is not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchao Pang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University , Chengdu 610031, China
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21
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Wang K, Pang X, Cui S. Inherent stretching elasticity of a single polymer chain with a carbon-carbon backbone. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:4315-4319. [PMID: 23477592 DOI: 10.1021/la400626x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We study the single-chain elasticities of three kinds of neutral polymers with a carbon-carbon (C-C) backbone by atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy in a nonpolar solvent (octane), aiming at measuring the inherent chain elasticity of this very important class of polymers. The finding that the single-chain elasticities of all three polymers in octane are virtually identical in the entire force region implies that the side chains of the polymers have no detectable effects on the single-chain elasticity. By utilizing the single-chain elasticity from quantum mechanics calculations, the freely rotating chain model can provide the best fitting curve when each C-C bond is set to be the rotating unit. Although there are some exceptions when the side chain is very huge, our work provides a general result for the inherent elasticity of single neutral flexible polymer chains with C-C backbones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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22
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Mokhtary M, Najafizadeh F. Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone-bound boron trifluoride (PVPP-BF3); a mild and efficient catalyst for synthesis of 4-metyl coumarins via the Pechmann reaction. CR CHIM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Zhang W, Lü X, Zhang W, Shen J. EMSA and single-molecule force spectroscopy study of interactions between Bacillus subtilis single-stranded DNA-binding protein and single-stranded DNA. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:15008-15015. [PMID: 22054219 DOI: 10.1021/la203752y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this article, interactions between Bacillus subtilis single-stranded DNA binding proteins (BsSSB) and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) were systematically studied. The effect of different molar ratios between BsSSB and ssDNA on their binding modes was first investigated by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs). It is found that a high molar ratio of BsSSB to ssDNA can produce BsSSB-ssDNA complexes formed in the mode of two proteins binding one 65-nt (nucleotide) ssDNA whereas a low molar ratio facilitates the formation of BsSSB-ssDNA complexes in the mode of one protein binding one 65-nt ssDNA. Furthermore, two binding modes are in dynamic equilibrium. The unbinding force of BsSSB-ssDNA complexes was measured quantitatively in solutions with different salt concentrations by using AFM-based single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS). Our results show that the unbinding force is about 10 pN higher at high salt concentration (0.5 M NaCl) than at low salt concentration (0.1 M NaCl) and the lifetime of BsSSB-ssDNA complexes at high salt concentration is twice as long as that at low salt concentration. These results indicate that more tightly packed BsSSB-ssDNA complexes can form at high salt (0.5 M NaCl) concentration. In addition, the results of EMSA show that ssDNA, which is bound to BsSSB, can dissociate from BsSSB in the presence of the cDNA strand, indicating the dynamic nature of BsSSB-ssDNA interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
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24
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Mokhtary M, Lakouraj MM. Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone–bromine complex: Mild and efficient polymeric reagent for bromination of activated aromatic compounds. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Shi S, Su Z, Wei H, Chen X. Fabrication of aragonite rosette superstructure through the weak interaction between nonionic polymers and Ca2+. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.30748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Cui S. The possible roles of water in the prebiotic chemical evolution of DNA. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:10147-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c002414g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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28
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Cui S. Have the primary structures of biomacromolecules been selected in a Darwinian fashion to adapt to the surrounding environments of our planet? IUBMB Life 2009; 61:860-3. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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30
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Zhang X, Liu C, Wang Z. Force spectroscopy of polymers: Studying on intramolecular and intermolecular interactions in single molecular level. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Yu Y, Wang F, Shi W, Wang L, Wang W, Shen J. Conformations and adsorption behavior of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) studied by single molecule force spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-007-0481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Giannotti MI, Vancso GJ. Interrogation of Single Synthetic Polymer Chains and Polysaccharides by AFM-Based Force Spectroscopy. Chemphyschem 2007; 8:2290-307. [PMID: 17847140 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200700175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This contribution reviews selected mechanical experiments on individual flexible macromolecules using single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) based on atomic force microscopy. Focus is placed on the analysis of elasticity and conformational changes in single polymer chains upon variation of the external environment, as well as on conformational changes induced by the mechanical stress applied to individual macromolecular chains. Various experimental strategies regarding single-molecule manipulation and SMFS testing are discussed, as is theoretical analysis through single-chain elasticity models derived from statistical mechanics. Moreover, a complete record, reported to date, of the parameters obtained when applying the models to fit experimental results on synthetic polymers and polysaccharides is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina I Giannotti
- Department of Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, MESA+Research Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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33
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The unwinding of surfactant-induced helical structure of carboxymethyl amylose by single molecule force spectroscopy. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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34
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Cui S, Albrecht C, Kühner F, Gaub HE. Weakly Bound Water Molecules Shorten Single-Stranded DNA. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:6636-9. [PMID: 16704264 DOI: 10.1021/ja0582298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we measure the single chain elasticity of an oligomer single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in both aqueous and nonaqueous, apolar liquid environments by AFM-based single molecule force spectroscopy. We find a marked deviation between the force-extension relations recorded for the two conditions. This difference is attributed to the additional energy required to break the H-bond-directed water bridges around the ssDNA chain in aqueous solutions, which are nonexistent in organic solvents. The results obtained in 8 M guanidine-HCl solution provide more evidence that water bridges around ssDNA originate the observed deviation. On the basis of the results obtained by an ab initio quantum mechanics calculation, a parameter-free freely rotating chain model is proposed. We find that this model is in perfect agreement with the experimental force-extension curve obtained in organic solvents, which further corroborates our assumption. On the basis of the experimental results, it is suggested that the weak H-bonding between ssDNA and water molecules may be a precondition for stable double-stranded DNA to exist in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxun Cui
- Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physik and Centre for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Amalienstrasse 54, 80799 München, Germany.
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35
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Liu C, Wang Z, Zhang X. Force Spectroscopy of Single-Chain Polysaccharides: Force-Induced Conformational Transition of Amylose Disappears under Environment of Micelle Solution. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma060054e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjun Liu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China, and Key Lab for Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China, and Key Lab for Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China, and Key Lab for Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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