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Lippe M, Szczepaniak U, Hou GL, Chakrabarty S, Ferreiro JJ, Chasovskikh E, Signorell R. Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry of CO2 Clusters during Nucleation and Growth. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:2426-2437. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lippe
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Urszula Szczepaniak
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gao-Lei Hou
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Satrajit Chakrabarty
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jorge J. Ferreiro
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Egor Chasovskikh
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Signorell
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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2
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Park Y, Wyslouzil BE. CO 2 condensation onto alkanes: unconventional cases of heterogeneous nucleation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:8295-8313. [PMID: 30946401 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00967a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The classical picture invoked for heterogeneous nucleation is frequently that of a liquid condensing onto an immiscible solid particle. Here, we examine heterogeneous nucleation of CO2 onto particles comprised of n-pentane or n-hexane under conditions where CO2 should be a solid and the seed particles may be liquid or solid. Although CO2 condensed under all but one of the six conditions investigated, these experiments do not easily fit into the framework of standard heterogeneous nucleation experiments. Rather they explore unconventional regimes of heterogeneous nucleation in which the state of the seed particle may both affect whether deposition can proceed, and, in turn, be influenced by the presence of the condensing species. The work complements the earlier work of Tanimura et al. [RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 105537-105550] that investigated CO2 condensation onto ice nanoparticles, by using seed particles comprised of non-polar compounds that form and freeze under conditions where CO2 is already supersaturated with respect to the solid ice. In some cases, the conditions for seed formation approach the limit of homogeneous CO2 nucleation. Vibrational spectroscopy measurements help pinpoint where CO2 starts to condense. Furthermore, these IR measurements suggest that the n-alkanes never freeze in the presence of CO2, even if the temperatures are well below those required for them to freeze when CO2 is absent. Over the temperature range 65 < T/K < 140, the conditions corresponding to the onset of CO2 heterogeneous nucleation on pre-existing seed particle almost all lie very close to the extrapolated vapor-liquid equilibrium line of CO2 for a broad range of seed materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yensil Park
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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3
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Isenor M, Signorell R. Infrared spectroscopy of solid mixed ammonia–water and acetylene–water aerosol particles. Mol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2014.981232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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4
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Crystallization of CO2 ice and the absence of amorphous CO2 ice in space. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:12899-904. [PMID: 23858474 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1222228110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the most relevant and abundant species in astrophysical and atmospheric media. In particular, CO2 ice is present in several solar system bodies, as well as in interstellar and circumstellar ice mantles. The amount of CO2 in ice mantles and the presence of pure CO2 ice are significant indicators of the temperature history of dust in protostars. It is therefore important to know if CO2 is mixed with other molecules in the ice matrix or segregated and whether it is present in an amorphous or crystalline form. We apply a multidisciplinary approach involving IR spectroscopy in the laboratory, theoretical modeling of solid structures, and comparison with astronomical observations. We generate an unprecedented highly amorphous CO2 ice and study its crystallization both by thermal annealing and by slow accumulation of monolayers from the gas phase under an ultrahigh vacuum. Structural changes are followed by IR spectroscopy. We also devise theoretical models to reproduce different CO2 ice structures. We detect a preferential in-plane orientation of some vibrational modes of crystalline CO2. We identify the IR features of amorphous CO2 ice, and, in particular, we provide a theoretical explanation for a band at 2,328 cm(-1) that dominates the spectrum of the amorphous phase and disappears when the crystallization is complete. Our results allow us to rule out the presence of pure and amorphous CO2 ice in space based on the observations available so far, supporting our current view of the evolution of CO2 ice.
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Lang EK, Knox KJ, Momose T, Signorell R. Infrared Spectroscopy and Phase Behavior of n-Butane Aerosols and Thin Films at Cryogenic Temperatures. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:11745-59. [DOI: 10.1021/jp402483m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Kathrin Lang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kerry J. Knox
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Takamasa Momose
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ruth Signorell
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- ETH Zurich, Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093
Zurich, Switzerland
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Suhm MA, Kollipost F. Femtisecond single-mole infrared spectroscopy of molecular clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:10702-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51515j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Preston TC, Signorell R. From plasmon spectra of metallic to vibron spectra of dielectric nanoparticles. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:1501-10. [PMID: 22738352 DOI: 10.1021/ar3000103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Light interacts surprisingly differently with small particles than with bulk or gas phase materials. This can cause rare phenomena such as the occurence of a "blue moon". Spectroscopic particle phenomena of similar physical origin have also spawned countless applications ranging from remote sensing to medicine. Despite the broad interest in particle spectra, their interpretation still poses many challenges. In this Account, we discuss the challenges associated with the analysis of infrared, or vibron, extinction spectra of small dielectric particles. The comparison with the more widely studied plasmon spectra of metallic nano-particles reveals many common features. The shape, size, and architecture of particles influence the band profiles in vibron and plasmon spectra in similar ways. However, the molecular structure of dielectric particles produces infrared spectral features that are more diverse and detailed or even unique to vibron spectra. More complexity means higher information content, but that also makes the spectra more difficult to interpret. Conventional models such as classical electromagnetic theory with a continuum description of the wavelength-dependent optical constants are often no longer applicable to these spectra. In cases where accurate optical constants are not available and for ultrafine particles, where the molecular structure and quantum effects become essential, researchers must resort to molecular models for light-particle interaction that do not require the prior knowledge of optical constants. In this Account, we illustrate how vibrational exciton approaches combined with molecular dynamics simulations and solid-state density functional calculations provide a viable solution to these challenges. Molecular models reveal two important characteristics of vibron spectra of small molecularly structured particles. The band profiles in vibron spectra are largely determined by transition dipole coupling between the molecules in a particle. Below a specific particle size limit, conventional models fail. Molecular models explain many other phenomena in particle spectra, such as size, shape, and mixing effects, providing the foundation for a better understanding of the interaction of solar radiation with aerosols and clouds and for the design of dielectric nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C. Preston
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ruth Signorell
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Preston TC, Wang CC, Signorell R. Infrared spectroscopy and modeling of co-crystalline CO2·C2H2 aerosol particles. I. The formation and decomposition of co-crystalline CO2·C2H2 aerosol particles. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:094509. [PMID: 22401454 DOI: 10.1063/1.3690063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerosol particles composed of co-crystalline CO(2)·C(2)H(2) were generated in a bath gas cooling cell at cryogenic temperatures and investigated with infrared spectroscopy between 600 and 4000 cm(-1). Similar to results obtained for thin films of the co-crystal [T. E. Gough and T. E. Rowat, J. Chem. Phys. 109, 6809 (1998)], this phase was found to be metastable and decomposed into pure CO(2) and pure C(2)H(2). These decomposed aerosols were characterized through (i) a comparison to experimentally prepared aerosols of mixed CO(2) and C(2)H(2) of known architectures and (ii) the modeling of infrared spectra. A likely architecture after decomposition are C(2)H(2)-CO(2) core-shell particles with a disk-like shape. The co-crystalline CO(2)·C(2)H(2) aerosols prior to decomposition are modeled and analyzed in detail in the subsequent paper (Part II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Preston
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Abstract
Plasmon hybridization theory has been an invaluable tool in advancing our understanding of the optical properties of metallic nanostructures. Through the prism of molecular orbital theory, it allows one to interpret complex structures as "plasmonic molecules" and easily predict and engineer their electromagnetic response. However, this formalism is limited to conducting particles. Here, we present a hybridization scheme for the external and internal vibrations of dielectric nanostructures that provides a straightforward understanding of the infrared signatures of these particles through analogy to existing hybridization models of both molecular orbitals and plasmons extending the range of applications far beyond metallic nanostructures. This method not only provides a qualitative understanding, but also allows for the quantitative prediction of vibrational spectra of complex nanoobjects from well-known spectra of their primitive building blocks. The examples of nanoshells illustrate how spectral features can be understood in terms of symmetry, number of nodal planes, and scale parameters.
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Preston TC, Firanescu G, Signorell R. Infrared spectroscopy and vibrational exciton modeling of crystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous acetylene aerosol particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:7924-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c002525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Wang CC, Zielke P, Sigurbjörnsson ÓF, Viteri CR, Signorell R. Infrared Spectra of C2H6, C2H4, C2H2, and CO2 Aerosols Potentially Formed in Titan’s Atmosphere. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:11129-37. [DOI: 10.1021/jp904106e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia C. Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Philipp Zielke
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ómar F. Sigurbjörnsson
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - C. Ricardo Viteri
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ruth Signorell
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Sigurbjörnsson ÓF, Firanescu G, Signorell R. Intrinsic Particle Properties from Vibrational Spectra of Aerosols. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2009; 60:127-46. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.040808.090356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The spectroscopy of aerosols is developing into an active and important field. It allows us to characterize aerosols in a nonintrusive way, in real time, and on site. Understanding the spectroscopic features of these highly complex systems requires the development of novel experimental as well as theoretical methods. This review focuses on infrared extinction spectra. The main goal is to summarize how information about intrinsic particle properties (such as size, shape, and architecture) can be gathered from observed spectroscopic patterns. We discuss the limitations of standard continuum approaches, which have been used for decades to analyze infrared spectra, and we demonstrate the importance of molecular models for the analysis of spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George Firanescu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ruth Signorell
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, Canada
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13
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Firanescu G, Signorell R. Predicting the Influence of Shape, Size, and Internal Structure of CO Aerosol Particles on Their Infrared Spectra. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:6366-77. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8101767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- George Firanescu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ruth Signorell
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Medcraft C, Robertson EG, Thompson CD, Bauerecker S, McNaughton D. Infrared spectroscopy of ozone and hydrogen chloride aerosols. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:7848-52. [DOI: 10.1039/b905424n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Robertson EG, Medcraft C, Puskar L, Tuckermann R, Thompson CD, Bauerecker S, McNaughton D. IR spectroscopy of physical and chemical transformations in cold hydrogen chloride and ammonia aerosols. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:7853-60. [DOI: 10.1039/b905425c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Sigurbjörnsson ÓF, Firanescu G, Signorell R. Vibrational exciton coupling as a probe for phase transitions and shape changes of fluoroform aerosol particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:187-94. [DOI: 10.1039/b813756k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Firanescu G, Luckhaus D, Signorell R. Phase, shape, and architecture of SF6 and SF6∕CO2 aerosol particles: Infrared spectra and modeling of vibrational excitons. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:184301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2913535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Maté B, Gálvez O, Martín-Llorente B, Moreno MA, Herrero VJ, Escribano R, Artacho E. Ices of CO2/H2O Mixtures. Reflection−Absorption IR Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:457-65. [PMID: 18171034 DOI: 10.1021/jp0769983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Belén Maté
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain, and Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Oscar Gálvez
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain, and Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz Martín-Llorente
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain, and Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel A. Moreno
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain, and Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Víctor J. Herrero
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain, and Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael Escribano
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain, and Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Emilio Artacho
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain, and Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
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Signorell R, Jetzki M. Vibrational exciton coupling in pure and composite sulfur dioxide aerosols. Faraday Discuss 2008; 137:51-64; discussion 99-113. [DOI: 10.1039/b700111h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Sigurbjörnsson ÓF, Signorell R. Evidence for the existence of supercooled ethane droplets under conditions prevalent in Titan’s atmosphere. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:6211-4. [DOI: 10.1039/b811709h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Gadermann M, Vollmar D, Signorell R. Infrared spectroscopy of acetic acid and formic acid aerosols: pure and compound acid/ice particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:4535-44. [PMID: 17690779 DOI: 10.1039/b704600f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Acetic acid aerosol particles, formic acid aerosol particles and mixed acid/ice particles were generated in a collisional cooling cell at a temperature of 78 K and investigated using in situ rapid scan Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The infrared spectra reveal that the internal structure of the particles critically depends on the particle formation conditions and, especially for the mixed particles, on the composition. The acetic acid particles are likely to have only a partially crystalline structure whereas the formic acid particles are likely to have an overall crystalline structure. The existence of acid in the mixed acid/ice particles prevents the ice from crystallization even at low acid concentrations (less than 10%). Mid-infrared refractive index data were derived from the different particle spectra, which can be helpful for remote sensing of such systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Gadermann
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z1, BC, Canada
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Firanescu G, Hermsdorf D, Ueberschaer R, Signorell R. Large molecular aggregates: From atmospheric aerosols to drug nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:4149-65. [PMID: 16971983 DOI: 10.1039/b608433h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Large molecular aggregates with sizes ranging from subnanometers to microns are ubiquitous. As atmospheric aerosols they influence our climate, in interstellar space they are discussed as reactive sites, and in medicine small particles are considered as promising candidates to achieve a targeted drug delivery. The present contribution is focused on the characterization of the physical-chemical properties of these particles and on their targeted generation. One of the greatest challenges is to understand the properties of these aggregates on a molecular level. The latter point is discussed in detail focussing on the vibrational dynamics of these particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Firanescu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
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