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Tulyabaev AR, Khuzin AA, Lukmanov TI, Sabirov DS. Is this how bromine spiropyran salt is converted to merocyanine under UV irradiation? A look through the prism of quantum chemical calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10336-10342. [PMID: 38501209 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06322d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The stability of merocyanine forms formed under UV irradiation of a solution of a spiropyran salt, in which an organic part acts as a cation and a compact bromide ion as an anion, their photophysical properties, and the formation mechanism are studied in this work using time-dependent density functional theory. Theoretical calculations show that TTC and CTT are the most stable open forms (the difference in stability energies is 10.5 and 12.0 kcal mol-1 relative to the formation energy of spiropyran, respectively). The simulated absorption bands in the UV spectrum of the merocyanine forms are observed both in the UV region at 308-366 nm and in the visible region at 544-757 nm due to n → π* and π → π* type transitions. We found that the isomerisation mechanism of spiropyran into merocyanine forms includes two key stages: the ring opening to form cisoid merocyanine forms (except unstable TCC) through conical intersection and their subsequent isomerisation to form stable transoid isomers. The length of the Cspiro-O bond is 1.97 Å and the C1'-C2'-C3'-C4' angle is 70° in the structure close to conical intersection. The stage that determines the rate of this process is the isomerisation between transoid forms, as in the case of transformation of open merocyanine forms into spiropyran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur R Tulyabaev
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa, Russia.
| | - Artur A Khuzin
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa, Russia.
| | - Timur I Lukmanov
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa, Russia.
| | - Denis Sh Sabirov
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa, Russia.
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2
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Numerical Analysis of Solute–Solvent Coupling Magnitude in the Thermally Backward Ring Closing Reaction of Spirooxazines. J SOLUTION CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-020-00986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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García JS, Talotta F, Alary F, Dixon IM, Heully JL, Boggio-Pasqua M. A Theoretical Study of the N to O Linkage Photoisomerization Efficiency in a Series of Ruthenium Mononitrosyl Complexes. Molecules 2017; 22:E1667. [PMID: 28984831 PMCID: PMC6151532 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium nitrosyl complexes are fascinating versatile photoactive molecules that can either undergo NO linkage photoisomerization or NO photorelease. The photochromic response of three ruthenium mononitrosyl complexes, trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)₄]2+, trans-[RuBr(NO)(py)₄]2+, and trans-(Cl,Cl)[RuCl₂(NO)(tpy)]⁺, has been investigated using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory. The N to O photoisomerization pathways and absorption properties of the various stable and metastable species have been computed, providing a simple rationalization of the photoconversion trend in this series of complexes. The dramatic decrease of the N to O photoisomerization efficiency going from the first to the last complex is mainly attributed to an increase of the photoproduct absorption at the irradiation wavelength, rather than a change in the photoisomerization pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sanz García
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, IRSAMC, CNRS et Université Toulouse 3, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
- Present address: Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Chimie ParisTech, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Francesco Talotta
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, IRSAMC, CNRS et Université Toulouse 3, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
| | - Fabienne Alary
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, IRSAMC, CNRS et Université Toulouse 3, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
| | - Isabelle M Dixon
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, IRSAMC, CNRS et Université Toulouse 3, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
| | - Jean-Louis Heully
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, IRSAMC, CNRS et Université Toulouse 3, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
| | - Martial Boggio-Pasqua
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, IRSAMC, CNRS et Université Toulouse 3, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
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4
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Theoretical modeling of electrocyclic 2H-pyran and 2H-1,4-oxazine ring opening reactions in photo- and thermochromic spiropyrans and spirooxazines. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-016-1956-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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5
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Wang LF. Application of response surface methodology for exploring β-cyclodextrin effects on the decoloration of spiropyran complexes. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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6
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Singh R, Böhm MC, Balasubramanian G. Energetic and structural properties of different conformations of merocyanine and its protonated forms. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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7
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Arai K, Kobayashi Y, Abe J. Rational molecular designs for drastic acceleration of the color-fading speed of photochromic naphthopyrans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3057-60. [PMID: 25603765 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10294k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report rational molecular designs for acceleration of the color-fading speed of photochromic 3H-naphthopyrans. By using steric and electrostatic repulsions induced by substituents at the 2- and 10-positions of 3H-naphthopyrans, the color-fading speed accelerates from tens of minutes to microsecond time scales. The long-lived residual color, which is an important problem to be solved for industrial applications, can also be suppressed by these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsutoshi Arai
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
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Laurent AD, Adamo C, Jacquemin D. Dye chemistry with time-dependent density functional theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:14334-56. [PMID: 24548975 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55336a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this perspective, we present an overview of the determination of excited-state properties of "real-life" dyes, and notably of their optical absorption and emission spectra, performed during the last decade with time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). We discuss the results obtained with both vertical and adiabatic (vibronic) approximations, choosing relevant examples for several series of dyes. These examples include reproducing absorption wavelengths of numerous families of coloured molecules, understanding the specific band shape of amino-anthraquinones, optimising the properties of dyes used in solar cells, mimicking the fluorescence wavelengths of fluorescent brighteners and BODIPY dyes, studying optically active biomolecules and photo-induced proton transfer, as well as improving the properties of photochromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle D Laurent
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR CNRS no. 6230, BP 92208, Université de Nantes, 2, Rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, Cedex 3, France.
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9
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Ciampi S, Eggers PK, Haworth NL, Darwish N, Wagner P, Coote ML, Wallace GG, Raston CL. Decoloration rates of a photomerocyanine dye as a visual probe into hydrogen bonding interactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:4815-8. [PMID: 25692486 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09857a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a visual marker for the investigation of hydrogen bonding (HB) effects. The decoloration rate of a photochromic dye that incorporates a latent intra-molecular HB feature can be linked to the HB character of the media. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of this simple decoloration approach for HB sensing are investigated both experimentally and by high level theoretical studies. This principle has been applied for the detection of changes in the HB character of stationary and fluidic systems. A major finding is the observation of a shear-related perturbation of the balance between intra- and inter-molecular HB within a dynamic thin film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ciampi
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
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Boggio-Pasqua M, Garavelli M. Rationalization and Design of Enhanced Photoinduced Cycloreversion in Photochromic Dimethyldihydropyrenes by Theoretical Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:6024-32. [PMID: 25582806 DOI: 10.1021/jp5118773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a computational investigation of the initial step of the dimethyldihydropyrene (DHP) to cyclophanediene (CPD) photoinduced ring-opening reaction using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). In particular, the photochemical path corresponding to the formation of the CPD precursor (CPD*) on the zwitterionic state is scrutinized. The TD-DFT approach was first validated on the parent compound against accurate ab initio calculations. It confirms that CPD* formation is efficiently quenched in this system by an easily accessible S2/S1 conical intersection located in the vicinity of the CPD* minimum and leading to a locally excited state minimum responsible for DHP luminescence. Increased ring-opening quantum yields were observed in benzo[e]-fused-DHP (DHP-1), isobutenyl-DHP (DHP-2), and naphthoyl-DHP (DHP-3). The calculations show that CPD* formation is much more favorable in these systems, either due to an inversion of electronic states in DHP-1, suppressing the formation of the locally excited state, or due to efficient stabilization of CPD* on the S1 potential energy surface in DHP-2 and DHP-3. Both effects can be combined in a rationally designed benzo[e]-fused-naphthoyl-DHP (DHP-4) for which we anticipate an unprecedented efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martial Boggio-Pasqua
- †Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR5626), CNRS et Université de Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Marco Garavelli
- ‡Laboratoire de Chimie (UMR5182), École Normale Supérieure de Lyon/CNRS et Université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,§Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Universita' degli Studi di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
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11
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Göttle AJ, Alary F, Dixon IM, Heully JL, Boggio-Pasqua M. Unravelling the S → O linkage photoisomerization mechanisms in cis- and trans-[Ru(bpy)2(DMSO)2](2+) using density functional theory. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:6752-60. [PMID: 24932513 DOI: 10.1021/ic500546q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A mechanistic study of the intramolecular S → O linkage photoisomerization in the cis and trans isomers of [Ru(bpy)2(DMSO)2](2+) was performed using density functional theory. This study reveals that for the cis isomer the linkage photoisomerization of the two DMSO ligands occurs sequentially in the lowest triplet excited state and can either be achieved by a one-photon or by a two-photon mechanism. A mechanistic picture of the S → O photoisomerization of the trans isomer is also proposed. This work especially highlights that both adiabatic and nonadiabatic processes are involved in these mechanisms and that their coexistence is responsible for the rich photophysics and photochemical properties observed experimentally for the studied complexes. The different luminescent behavior experimentally observed at low temperature between the cis and trans isomers is rationalized based on the peculiarity of the topology of the triplet excited-state potential energy surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien J Göttle
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, UMR 5626 CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III , 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
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12
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Minkin VI. Light-controlled molecular switches based on bistable spirocyclic organic and coordination compounds. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n01abeh004336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Zhao C, Wang W, Yin S, Ma Y. Theoretical investigation on electronic, optical, and charge transport properties of 7,8,15,16-tetraazaterrylene and its derivatives with electron-attracting substituents. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00561e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Castro PJ, Gómez I, Cossi M, Reguero M. Computational study of the mechanism of the photochemical and thermal ring-opening/closure reactions and solvent dependence in spirooxazines. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:8148-58. [PMID: 22708964 DOI: 10.1021/jp3025045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The spirooxazine/merocyanine couple constitutes a photochromic system that can change from the colorless spirooxazine to the intensely colored merocyanine by thermal or photochemical activation by a reaction that opens the spiro ring of the oxazine. The mechanisms of the ring-opening/closure reactions that interconnect these two isomers have been elucidated by means of a computational study. First, we have used the CASSCF/CASPT2 method to determine in detail these mechanisms in the gas phase for a small model that contains the photoactive part of the whole system. We have found that the state of spirooxazine excited by the initial absorption changes gradually to a lower excited state that is involved in a conical intersection that connects it with the ground state of merocyanine. The same conical intersection is involved in the backward photochemical reaction. Second, using a larger model that includes all the heteroatoms of the system and using the DFT (B3LYP) method, we have studied the influence of a solvent environment on the thermal equilibrium between the open and the closed species. It has been observed experimentally that the thermal equilibrium between these forms is practically unaltered by polar aprotic solvents, but it can be displaced toward the colored form in mixtures of polar protic and aprotic solvents, even if the first one is found in a very small proportion. To reproduce the experimental environments, we have taken into account the long-range effect of the polar aprotic solvent considering it a polarizable continuum, as done in the PCM method, and the short-range effect of the protic solvent including some explicit water molecules in the cluster studied at the atomic level. The results obtained are in good agreement with the experimental observations and explain the reason for this peculiar behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J Castro
- Department de Química Física I Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, Tarragona-43007, Spain
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15
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Stabilization of merocyanine by protonation, charge, and external electric fields and effects on the isomerization of spiropyran: a computational study. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Watkins DL, Fujiwara T. Synthesis, characterization, and solvent-independent photochromism of spironaphthooxazine dimers. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Sanchez-Lozano M, Estévez CM, Hermida-Ramón J, Serrano-Andres L. Ultrafast Ring-Opening/Closing and Deactivation Channels for a Model Spiropyran–Merocyanine System. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:9128-38. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2062095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sanchez-Lozano
- Departamento de
Química Física, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Carlos Manuel Estévez
- Departamento de
Química Física, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Jose Hermida-Ramón
- Departamento de
Química Física, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Luis Serrano-Andres
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, 46071 València,
Spain
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Nikolaeva MI, Korolev VV, Pritchina EA, Glebov EM, Plyusnin VF, Metelitsa AV, Voloshin NA, Minkin VI. Photochromism of 6′-cyanosubstituted spirooxazines in frozen alcohol matrices. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158411020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Nikolaeva MI, Korolev VV, Pritchina EA, Glebov EM, Plyusnin VF, Metelitsa AV, Voloshin NA, Minkin VI. Photochemistry of a 6′-cyanosubstituted spironaphthooxazine: photo-induced decay of an open form. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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Aloïse S, Sliwa M, Pawlowska Z, Réhault J, Dubois J, Poizat O, Buntinx G, Perrier A, Maurel F, Yamaguchi S, Takeshita M. Bridged photochromic diarylethenes investigated by ultrafast absorption spectroscopy: evidence for two distinct photocyclization pathways. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:7379-90. [PMID: 20455540 DOI: 10.1021/ja910813x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two photochromic diarylethenes blocked by alkyl bridges in an ideal conformation for photocyclization are studied by stationary and femtosecond transient spectroscopy in order to depict the photocyclization processes: the bistable 1,2-dicyano[2.n]metacyclophan-1-ene with n = 2, abbreviated as [2.2], and its non-bistable analogue with n = 4, abbreviated as [2.4]. The data are interpreted in the light of AM1-CIS calculations and state correlation diagrams based on conclusive TD-DFT calculations. For [2.2], a solvent-sensitive excitation wavelength threshold governing the photocyclization yield is clearly evidenced between the S(1) and S(2) singlet states. Excitation above and beyond this threshold induces two distinct photochemical pathways. The S(1) vertical excitation induces direct efficient (phi approximately = 0.9-1), and ultrafast (approximately 120 fs) photocylization from S(1) open form that leads to a ground-state transition structure, probably through a conical intersection, then to a hot cyclized ground state that relaxes by vibrational cooling. Upon higher excitation energy, the system undergoes internal conversion to the hot S(1) state, then evolves toward the cyclized S(1) state and relaxes by ultrafast S(1)-S(0) internal conversion. Alternatively, the possibility for a second conical intersection near hot S(1) state is discussed. This second photoclosure reaction is less efficient and both the photocylization yield and overall kinetics depend on solvent polarity (phi = 0.49, tau = 2.5 ps in nonpolar solvent; phi = 0.7, tau = 1.5 ps in polar solvent). In the case of [2.4], for which the distance between the two reactive carbons is larger, a unique photoclosure mechanism is found and a structural effect is reported. Indeed, this mechanim is similar to the above second reaction of [2.2] but characterized by much slower kinetics ranging from 12 to 20 ps (depending on the excitation wavelength and solvent polarity). All polarity effects are rationalized in terms of stabilization of the transient states of charge-transfer character involved in the photocyclization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Aloïse
- Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman (UMR 8516 du CNRS), Centre d'études et de recherches Lasers et Applications (FR 2416 du CNRS), Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Bat C5, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
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Patel DG, Paquette MM, Kopelman RA, Kaminsky W, Ferguson MJ, Frank NL. A Solution- and Solid-State Investigation of Medium Effects on Charge Separation in Metastable Photomerocyanines. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:12568-86. [PMID: 20731393 DOI: 10.1021/ja100238h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh G. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, P.O. Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michelle M. Paquette
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, P.O. Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Roni A. Kopelman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, P.O. Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Werner Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, P.O. Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, P.O. Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Natia L. Frank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, P.O. Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195, Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
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Perrier A, Maurel F, Perpète EA, Wathelet V, Jacquemin D. Spectral properties of spirooxazine photochromes: TD-DFT insights. J Phys Chem A 2010; 113:13004-12. [PMID: 19791756 DOI: 10.1021/jp906936p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A large series of photochromes of the spirooxazine family has been investigated using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory, aiming at designing molecules with an open-ring merocyanine form absorbing at the longest possible wavelength. A complete methodological assessment (basis set, solvent effects, functionals) has been performed, allowing the design of efficient multilinear regressions for two solvents (cyclohexane and toluene). These regressions allow the estimate of the absorption wavelength of open spirooxazine with an error limited to about 5 nm. The thermodynamic and spectral properties of several isomers have been considered, and it turned out that only TTC and CTC structures may appear experimentally. These structures present similar stabilities and absorption wavelengths. The impact of the auxochromic groups on the UV/vis spectra was assessed and novel promising substitution patterns have been unravelled. It is shown that using a strong push moiety on the same side of the molecule as the pull group may be an effective procedure for tuning the visible spectra. In particular, several spirooxazines with absorption wavelength predicted to be close to or larger than 700 nm are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Perrier
- Laboratoire Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes (ITODYS), CNRS UMR 7086, Université Paris 7-Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
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Jacquemin D, Perpète EA, Maurel F, Perrier A. Hybrid dithienylethene-naphthopyran multi-addressable photochromes: an ab initio analysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:13144-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00400f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Besugliy SO, Metelitsa AV, Shirinian VZ, Krayushkin MM, Nikalin DM, Minkin VI. Novel photochromic spirocyclic compounds of thienopyrroline series: 2. Spirooxazines. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Perrier A, Maurel F, Aubard J. Theoretical Study of the Electronic and Optical Properties of Photochromic Dithienylethene Derivatives Connected to Small Gold Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:9688-98. [PMID: 17824594 DOI: 10.1021/jp073436a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the course of developing electronic devices on a molecular scale, dithienylethenes photochromic molecules constitute promising candidates for optoelectronic applications such as memories and switches. There is thus a great interest to understand and control the switching behavior of photochromic compounds deposited on metallic surfaces or nanoparticles. Within the framework of the density functional theory, we studied the effect of small gold clusters (Au3 and Au9) on the electronic structure and absorption spectrum of a model dithienylethene molecule. The molecular orbital interactions between the photochromic molecule and the gold cluster made it possible to rationalize some experimental findings (Dulic, D.; van der Molen, S. J.; Kudernac, T.; Jonkman, H. T.; de Jong, J. J. D.; Bowden, T. N.; van Esch, J.; Feringa, B. L.; van Wees, B. J. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2003, 91, 207402). For the closed-ring isomer, grafting a photochromic molecule on a small gold cluster does not change the characteristics of the electronic transition involved in the ring-opening reaction. On the opposite, the absorption spectrum of the photochromic open-ring isomer is strongly modified by the inclusion of the metallic cluster. In agreement with experimental results, our study thus showed that the cycloreversion reaction which involves the closed-ring isomer should be still possible, whereas the ring-closure reaction which involves the open-ring isomer should be inhibited. Connecting a dithienylethene molecule to a small gold cluster hence provides a qualitative comprehension of the photochromic activities of dithienylethenes connected to a gold surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Perrier
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, ITODYS, UMR CNRS 7086, 1 Rue Guy de la Brosse, 75005 Paris, France.
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Theoretical investigation of the substituent effect on the electronic and optical properties of photochromic dithienylethene derivatives. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2007.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Perpète EA, Jacquemin D. An ab initio scheme for quantitative predictions of the visible spectra of diarylethenes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Chen DZ, Wang Z, Zhao X, Hao Z. Theoretical study on geometric electronic structures and absorption wavelengths of closed-ring isomers of diarylmaleic anhydrides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2006.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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