1
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Morera-Boado C, Bernal-Uruchurtu MI. Interaction energy of Cl 2 and Br 2 with H 2 O: Exchange, dispersion and density the crucial ingredients. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:1073-1087. [PMID: 36578228 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Modern Density Functional Theory models are now suitable for many molecular and condensed phase studies. The study of noncovalent interactions, a well-known drawback, is no longer an insurmountable obstacle through design and empirical corrections. However, using empirical corrections as in the DFT-D methods might not be an all-in-one solution. This work uses a simple system, X2 -H2 O with X = Cl or Br, with two different interactions, halogen-bonded (XB) and hydrogen-halogen (HX), to investigate the capability of current density functional approximations (DFA) in predicting interaction energies with eight different exchange-correlation functionals. SAPT(DFT) provides, for all the studied cases, better predictions than the widely used supermolecular approach. In addition, the components of the interaction energy suggest where some of the shortcomings originate in each DFA. The analysis of the functionals used confirms that PBE0 and ω-B97X-D have a physically correct behavior. Using SAPT(DFT) and PBE0, and ω-B97X-D, we obtained the interaction energy of Cl2 and Br2 inside different clathrate cages and satisfactorily compared with wavefunction results; hence, the lower and upper limits of this value are defined: Cl2 @512 , -5.3 ± 0.3 kcal/mol; Cl2 @512 62 , -5.5 ± 0.1 kcal/mol; Br2 @512 62 , -7.6 ± 1.0 kcal/mol; Br2 @512 63 , -10.6 ± 1.0 kcal/mol; Br2 @512 64 , -10.9 ± 0.8 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cercis Morera-Boado
- CONACYT - Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.,Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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2
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Wang C, Yang K, Xie Q, Pan J, Jiang Z, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Han J. Tandem Efficient Bromine Removal and Silver Recovery by Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2239-2246. [PMID: 36857481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Halogen wastewater greatly threatens the health of human beings and aquatic organisms due to its severe toxicity, corrosiveness, and volatility. Efficient bromine removal is therefore urgently required, while existing Br2-capture materials often face challenges from limited water stability and possible halogen leaking. We report a facile and efficient aqueous Br2 removal method using submicron resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) resin nanoparticles (NPs). The abundant aromatic groups dominate the Br2 removal by substitution reactions. An excellent Br2 conversion capacity of 7441 mg gRF-1 was achieved by RF NPs that outperform state-of-the-art materials by ∼2-fold, along with advantages including good water stability, low cost, and easy fabrication. Two recycling-coupled (electrochemical or H2O2-involved) Br2 removal routes further reveal the feasibility of in-depth halogen removal by RF NPs. The brominated resin can be downstream upcycled for silver recovery, realizing the harvesting of precious metal, reducing of heavy-metal pollution, and resource utilization of brominated resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Keke Yang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qihong Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Jiahao Pan
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zehui Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Han Yang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yutong Wu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jie Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
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3
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Ochoa-Resendiz D, Gamboa-Suárez A, Hernández-Lamoneda R. Halogen bonding and rotational disorder in chlorine clathrate hydrate cages. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:124302. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0082604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a detailed theoretical characterization of the structure and interactions in dichlorine clathrate hydrate cages. In the case of the dodecahedral cage there is clear evidence of the presence of halogen bonding whereas in the tetrakaidecahedral the expected signatures are there but in a weaker form. Comparison is made with the available structural data from X-ray experiments, where the rotational motion of the dichlorine has been taken into account through Monte Carlo simulations illustrating delocalization effects associated with sampling multiple minima, specifically for the larger cage. Finally, the intermolecular potentials have been calculated with local correlation methods and energy decomposition analysis has been applied to shed light on the nature of the interactions.
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4
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Morera-Boado C, Gamboa-Suárez A, Bernal-Uruchurtu MI, Hernandez-Lamoneda R. Density Functional Study on the Fundamental and Valence Excited States of Dibromine in T, P, and H Clathrate Cages. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:7692-7709. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c05360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cercis Morera-Boado
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, México
| | - Antonio Gamboa-Suárez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, México
| | - Margarita I. Bernal-Uruchurtu
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, México
| | - Ramón Hernandez-Lamoneda
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, México
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5
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Guevara-Vela JM, Ochoa-Resendiz D, Costales A, Hernández-Lamoneda R, Martín Pendás Á. Halogen Bonds in Clathrate Cages: A Real Space Perspective. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2512-2517. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Ochoa-Resendiz
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas; Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca; 62209 Morelos México
- Instituto Tecnológico de Zacatepec; Calz. Tecnológico 27 Zacatepec 62780 Morelos México
| | - Aurora Costales
- Departament of Analytical and Physical Chemistry; University of Oviedo; E-33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Ramón Hernández-Lamoneda
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas; Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca; 62209 Morelos México
| | - Ángel Martín Pendás
- Departament of Analytical and Physical Chemistry; University of Oviedo; E-33006 Oviedo Spain
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6
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Batista-Romero FA, Pajón-Suárez P, Roncero O, Hernández-Lamoneda R. Nature of the guest-host interactions for dibromine in the T, P, and H clathrate cages. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:154301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4993465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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7
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Fu J, Zhan J, Fan QC, Li HD, Fan ZX, Xu YG. Regularized vibrational energies prediction and potential energy function study for some interhalogen diatomic molecules. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s021963361750047x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Full vibrational energies and corresponding analytical potential energy functions (APEFs) for [Formula: see text] of ClF, [Formula: see text] of ICl, [Formula: see text] of IBr, and [Formula: see text]of IF are obtained by four-term variational algebraic energy-consistent method [VAECM(4)]. Three major methods are used to handle the regularization problems and make the results more reliable: (1) physical constraints like progressive dissociation behavior are used to overcome overfitting problems; (2) reasonable variational method is used to expand the experimental dataset and make the model optimization much faster; and (3) validation dataset is used to further enhance the reliability. After these treatments, our results agree well with experiment and have a good physical converged behavior in molecular dissociation and asymptotic region. This study provides important reference data for the related molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fu
- Research Center for Advanced Computation, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhan
- Research Center for Advanced Computation, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China
| | - Qun Chao Fan
- Research Center for Advanced Computation, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China
| | - Hui Dong Li
- Research Center for Advanced Computation, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Xiang Fan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yong Gen Xu
- Research Center for Advanced Computation, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China
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8
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Batista-Romero FA, Gamboa-Suárez A, Hernández-Lamoneda R, Janda KC. Nature of the valence excited states of bromine in the T and P clathrate cages. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:144311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4979909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fidel A. Batista-Romero
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Ave. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209 Morelos, Mexico
| | - Antonio Gamboa-Suárez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Ave. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209 Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ramón Hernández-Lamoneda
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Ave. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209 Morelos, Mexico
| | - Kenneth C. Janda
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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9
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Alcaraz-Torres A, Gamboa-Suárez A, Bernal-Uruchurtu MI. Is Br2 hydration hydrophobic? J Chem Phys 2017; 146:084501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4975688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Alcaraz-Torres
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209,
México
| | - A. Gamboa-Suárez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209,
México
| | - M. I. Bernal-Uruchurtu
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209,
México
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10
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Dureckova H, Woo TK, Udachin KA, Ripmeester JA, Alavi S. The anomalous halogen bonding interactions between chlorine and bromine with water in clathrate hydrates. Faraday Discuss 2017; 203:61-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00064b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Clathrate hydrate phases of Cl2 and Br2 guest molecules have been known for about 200 years. The crystal structure of these phases was recently re-determined with high accuracy by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In these structures, the water oxygen–halogen atom distances are determined to be shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii, which indicates the action of some type of non-covalent interaction between the dihalogens and water molecules. Given that in the hydrate phases both lone pairs of each water oxygen atom are engaged in hydrogen bonding with other water molecules of the lattice, the nature of the oxygen–halogen interactions may not be the standard halogen bonds characterized recently in the solid state materials and enzyme–substrate compounds. The nature of the halogen–water interactions for the Cl2 and Br2 molecules in two isolated clathrate hydrate cages has recently been studied with ab initio calculations and Natural Bond Order analysis (Ochoa-Resendiz et al. J. Chem. Phys. 2016, 145, 161104). Here we present the results of ab initio calculations and natural localized molecular orbital analysis for Cl2 and Br2 guests in all cage types observed in the cubic structure I and tetragonal structure I clathrate hydrates to characterize the orbital interactions between the dihalogen guests and water. Calculations with isolated cages and cages with one shell of coordinating molecules are considered. The computational analysis is used to understand the nature of the halogen bonding in these materials and to interpret the guest positions in the hydrate cages obtained from the X-ray crystal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tom K. Woo
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | | | - John A. Ripmeester
- National Research Council Canada
- Ottawa
- Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of British Columbia
| | - Saman Alavi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
- National Research Council Canada
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11
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Ochoa-Resendiz D, Batista-Romero FA, Hernández-Lamoneda R. Communication: Evidence of halogen bonds in clathrate cages. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:161104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4966644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Ochoa-Resendiz
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, México
- Instituto Tecnológico de Zacatepec, Calz. Tecnológico 27 Zacatepec 62780, Morelos, México
| | - Fidel A. Batista-Romero
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, México
- Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. Salvador Allende y Luaces, La Habana 10600, Cuba
| | - Ramón Hernández-Lamoneda
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, México
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12
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Franklin-Mergarejo R, Rubayo-Soneira J, Halberstadt N, Janda KC, Apkarian VA. A theoretical simulation of the resonant Raman spectroscopy of the H2O⋯Cl2 and H2O⋯Br2 halogen-bonded complexes. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:054307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4940778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Franklin-Mergarejo
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, IRSAMC, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR 5589, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- InSTEC, Quinta de los Molinos, Ave. Salvador Allende y Luaces, Plaza, Ciudad Habana, Cuba
| | - Jesús Rubayo-Soneira
- InSTEC, Quinta de los Molinos, Ave. Salvador Allende y Luaces, Plaza, Ciudad Habana, Cuba
| | - Nadine Halberstadt
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, IRSAMC, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR 5589, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Kenneth C. Janda
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
| | - V. Ara Apkarian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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13
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Batista-Romero FA, Pajón-Suárez P, Bernal-Uruchurtu MI, Hernández-Lamoneda R. Performance of local correlation methods for halogen bonding: The case of Br2-(H2O)n,n = 4,5 clusters and Br2@5(12)6(2) clathrate cage. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:094305. [PMID: 26342368 DOI: 10.1063/1.4929908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of local correlation methods is examined for the interactions present in clusters of bromine with water where the combined effect of hydrogen bonding (HB), halogen bonding (XB), and hydrogen-halogen (HX) interactions lead to many interesting properties. Local methods reproduce all the subtleties involved such as many-body effects and dispersion contributions provided that specific methodological steps are followed. Additionally, they predict optimized geometries that are nearly free of basis set superposition error that lead to improved estimates of spectroscopic properties. Taking advantage of the local correlation energy partitioning scheme, we compare the different interaction environments present in small clusters and those inside the 5(12)6(2) clathrate cage. This analysis allows a clear identification of the reasons supporting the use of local methods for large systems where non-covalent interactions play a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidel A Batista-Romero
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| | - Pedro Pajón-Suárez
- Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas (InSTEC), Habana 6163, Cuba
| | - Margarita I Bernal-Uruchurtu
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| | - Ramón Hernández-Lamoneda
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
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14
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Haber A, Akhfash M, Loh CK, Aman ZM, Fridjonsson EO, May EF, Johns ML. Hydrate Shell Growth Measured Using NMR. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:8786-8794. [PMID: 26102311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) pulsed field gradient (PFG) and relaxation measurements were used to monitor the clathrate hydrate shell growth occurring in water droplets dispersed in a continuous cyclopentane phase. These techniques allowed the growth of hydrate inside the opaque exterior shell to be monitored and, hence, information about the evolution of the shell's morphology to be deduced. NMR relaxation measurements were primarily used to monitor the hydrate shell growth kinetics, while PFG NMR diffusion experiments were used to determine the nominal droplet size distribution (DSD) of the unconverted water inside the shell core. A comparison of mean droplet sizes obtained directly via PFG NMR and independently deduced from relaxation measurements showed that the assumption of the shell model-a perfect spherical core of unconverted water-for these hydrate droplet systems is correct, but only after approximately 24 h of shell growth. Initially, hydrate growth is faster and heat-transfer-limited, leading to porous shells with surface areas larger than that of spheres with equivalent volumes. Subsequently, the hydrate growth rate becomes mass-transfer-limited, and the shells become thicker, spherical, and less porous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Haber
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Masoumeh Akhfash
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Charles K Loh
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Zachary M Aman
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Einar O Fridjonsson
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Eric F May
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Michael L Johns
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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15
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Dureckova H, Woo TK, Alavi S, Ripmeester JA. Molecular dynamics simulation of halogen bonding in Cl2, BrCl, and mixed Cl2/Br2 clathrate hydrates. CAN J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2014-0593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Clathrate hydrate phases of dihalogen molecules have properties that differ from those of other guest molecules of similar size. The water oxygen–chlorine distances in the structure I (sI) Cl2 hydrate are smaller than the sum of the van der Waals radii of oxygen and chlorine. Bromine hydrate forms a unique clathrate hydrate structure that is not seen in other guest substances. In mixed Cl2/Br2 structure I hydrate, the water oxygen–bromine distances are also smaller than the sum of the oxygen and bromine van der Waals radii. We previously studied the structure of three dihalogen clathrate hydrates using single crystal X-ray diffraction and described these structural features in terms of halogen bonding between the dihalogen and water molecules. In this work, we perform molecular dynamics simulations of cubic sI Cl2, mixed Cl2/Br2, and BrCl clathrate hydrate phases. We perform quantum chemical computations on the dihalogen molecules to determine the nature of σ-hole near the halogen atoms. We fit the electrostatic potential of the molecules to point charge models including dummy atoms that represent σ-holes adjacent to the halogen molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to determine the lattice constants, radial distribution functions, and guest dynamics in these phases. We determine the effect of guest size and difference in halogen bonding on the properties of the clathrate hydrate phase. Simulations for the Cl2, BrCl, and mixed Cl2/Br2 hydrates are performed with small cages of the sI clathrate hydrate phases completely full or filled with experimental occupancies with Cl2 guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Dureckova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Tom K. Woo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Saman Alavi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - John A. Ripmeester
- National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
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16
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Zhu Q, Wu J, Zhao J, Ni W. Role of bromide in hydrogen peroxide oxidation of CTAB-stabilized gold nanorods in aqueous solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:4072-4077. [PMID: 25785656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In recent years hydrogen peroxide has often been used as the oxidizing agent to tune the resonance wavelength of gold nanorods (AuNRs) through anisotropic shortening in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). However, a complete picture of the reaction mechanism remains elusive. In this work, we present a systematic study on the mechanism of the AuNR oxidation by revealing the important role of bromide. Hydrogen peroxide slowly oxidizes bromide into elemental bromine. The latter two form tribromide, which exhibits a characteristic 272 nm absorption peak. The peak intensity, representing the concentration of tribromide, is found to have a linear correlation with the oxidation rate of AuNRs. Tribromide approaches AuNRs through conjugating strongly with CTA cationic micelles, which leads to the oxidation occurring on the surface of AuNRs. In contrast, the CTA micelles protect AuNRs from the direct oxidation by hydrogen peroxide. Our findings are believed to provide new insights into the reaction mechanism occurring in the relevant CTAB-AuNR systems, which can be important for understanding the principles governing the reaction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Zhu
- ‡Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, 166 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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17
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Hormain L, Monnerville M, Toubin C, Duflot D, Pouilly B, Briquez S, Bernal-Uruchurtu MI, Hernández-Lamoneda R. Ground state analytical ab initio intermolecular potential for the Cl 2-water system. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:144310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4917028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Roncero O, Aguado A, Batista-Romero FA, Bernal-Uruchurtu MI, Hernández-Lamoneda R. Density-Difference-Driven Optimized Embedding Potential Method To Study the Spectroscopy of Br2 in Water Clusters. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:1155-64. [DOI: 10.1021/ct501140p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Roncero
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), C.S.I.C., Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Aguado
- Departamento
de Química Física Aplicada (UAM), Unidad Asociada a
IFF-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias Módulo 14, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fidel A. Batista-Romero
- Centro
de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México 62209
| | | | - Ramón Hernández-Lamoneda
- Centro
de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México 62209
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19
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Middendorf N, Krause K, Höfener S. Solvatochromic shifts of Br2and I2in water cages of type 512, 51262, 51263, and 51264. J Comput Chem 2015; 36:853-60. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Middendorf
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Biowissenschaften, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Katharina Krause
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Biowissenschaften, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Sebastian Höfener
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Biowissenschaften, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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20
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Bernal-Uruchurtu MI, Janda KC, Hernández-Lamoneda R. Motion of Br2 molecules in clathrate cages. A computational study of the dynamic effects on its spectroscopic behavior. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:452-9. [PMID: 25531916 DOI: 10.1021/jp5082092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This work looks into the spectroscopic behavior of bromine molecules trapped in clathrate cages combining different methodologies. We developed a semiempirical quantum mechanical model to incorporate through molecular dynamics trajectories, the effect movement of bromine molecules in clathrate cages has on its absorption spectra. A simple electrostatic model simulating the cage environment around bromine predicts a blue shift in the spectra, in good agreement with the experimental evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Bernal-Uruchurtu
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, México
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21
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Gomes JDS, Gargano R, Martins JBL, M de Macedo LG. Relativistic four-component potential energy curves for the lowest 23 covalent states of molecular bromine (Br2). J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:5818-22. [PMID: 24779448 DOI: 10.1021/jp4114283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The covalent excited states and ground state of the Br2 molecule has been investigated by using four-component relativistic COSCI and MRCISD methods. These methods were performed for all covalent states in the representation Ω((±)). Calculated potential energy curves (PECs) were obtained at the four-component COSCI level, and spectroscopic constants (R(e), D(e), D0, ω(e), ω(e)x(e), ω(e)y(e), B(e), α(e), γ(e), Te, Dv) for bounded states are reported. The vertical excitations for all covalent states are reported at COSCI, MRCISD, and MRCISD+Q levels. We also present spectroscopic constants for two weakly bounded states (A':(1)2u and B':(1)0(-)u) not yet reported in the literature, as well as accurate analytical curves for all five relativistic molecular bounded sates [the ground state X:0 g(+) and the excited states A:(1)1(u), B:(1)0(u)(+), C:(2)1(u), and B':(1)0(u)(-)] found in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- José da Silva Gomes
- Faculdade de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) , Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil
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22
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Goldschleger IU, van Staveren MN, Ara Apkarian V. Quantum tomography of a molecular bond in ice. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:034201. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4813437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I. U. Goldschleger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
| | - M. N. van Staveren
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
| | - V. Ara Apkarian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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23
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Nguyen AH, Molinero V. Stability and Metastability of Bromine Clathrate Polymorphs. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:6330-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp403503d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850,
United States
| | - Valeria Molinero
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850,
United States
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24
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Santoyo-Flores JJ, Cedillo A, Bernal-Uruchurtu MI. Br2 dissociation in water clusters: the catalytic role of water. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Tellinghuisen J. Analysis of the visible absorption spectrum of I2 in inert solvents using a physical model. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:391-8. [PMID: 22128887 DOI: 10.1021/jp211215v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Absorption spectra of I(2) dissolved in n-heptane and CCl(4) are analyzed with a quantum gas-phase model, in which spectra at four temperatures between 15° and 50 °C are least-squares fitted by bound-free spectral simulations to obtain estimates of the excited-state potential energy curves and transition moment functions for the three component bands--A ← X, B ← X, and C ← X. Compared with a phenomenological band-fitting model used previously on these spectra, the physical model (1) is better statistically, and (2) yields component bands with less variability. The results support the earlier tentative conclusion that most of the ~20% gain in intensity in solution is attributable to the C ← X transition. The T-dependent changes in the spectrum are accounted for by potential energy shifts that are linear in T and negative (giving red shifts in the spectra) and about twice as large for CCl(4) as for heptane. The derived upper potentials resemble those in the gas phase, with one major exception: In the statistically best convergence mode, the A potential is much lower and steeper, with a strongly varying transition moment function. This observation leads to the realization that two markedly different potential curves can give nearly identical absorption spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Tellinghuisen
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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26
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Rauh F, Mizaikoff B. Spectroscopic methods in gas hydrate research. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:163-73. [PMID: 22094590 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5522-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gas hydrates are crystalline structures comprising a guest molecule surrounded by a water cage, and are particularly relevant due to their natural occurrence in the deep sea and in permafrost areas. Low molecular weight molecules such as methane and carbon dioxide can be sequestered into that cage at suitable temperatures and pressures, facilitating the transition to the solid phase. While the composition and structure of gas hydrates appear to be well understood, their formation and dissociation mechanisms, along with the dynamics and kinetics associated with those processes, remain ambiguous. In order to take advantage of gas hydrates as an energy resource (e.g., methane hydrate), as a sequestration matrix in (for example) CO(2) storage, or for chemical energy conservation/storage, a more detailed molecular level understanding of their formation and dissociation processes, as well as the chemical, physical, and biological parameters that affect these processes, is required. Spectroscopic techniques appear to be most suitable for analyzing the structures of gas hydrates (sometimes in situ), thus providing access to such information across the electromagnetic spectrum. A variety of spectroscopic methods are currently used in gas hydrate research to determine the composition, structure, cage occupancy, guest molecule position, and binding/formation/dissociation mechanisms of the hydrate. To date, the most commonly applied techniques are Raman spectroscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Diffraction methods such as neutron and X-ray diffraction are used to determine gas hydrate structures, and to study lattice expansions. Furthermore, UV-vis spectroscopic techniques and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have assisted in structural studies of gas hydrates. Most recently, waveguide-coupled mid-infrared spectroscopy in the 3-20 μm spectral range has demonstrated its value for in situ studies on the formation and dissociation of gas hydrates. This comprehensive review summarizes the importance of spectroscopic analytical techniques to our understanding of the structure and dynamics of gas hydrate systems, and highlights selected examples that illustrate the utility of these individual methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Rauh
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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27
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Branigan ET, Halberstadt N, Apkarian VA. Solvation dynamics through Raman spectroscopy: hydration of Br2 and Br3(-), and solvation of Br2 in liquid bromine. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:174503. [PMID: 21548695 DOI: 10.1063/1.3583477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy of bromine in the liquid phase and in water illustrates uncommon principles and yields insights regarding hydration. In liquid Br(2), resonant excitation over the B((3)Π(0u)(+)) ← X((1)Σ(g)(+)) valence transition at 532 nm produces a weak resonant Raman (RR) progression accompanied by a five-fold stronger non-resonant (NR) scattering. The latter is assigned to pre-resonance with the C-state, which in turn must be strongly mixed with inter-molecular charge transfer states. Despite the electronic resonance, RR of Br(2) in water is quenched. At 532 nm, the homogeneously broadened fundamental is observed, as in the NR case at 785 nm. The implications of the quenching of RR scattering are analyzed in a simple, semi-quantitative model, to conclude that the inertial evolution of the Raman packet in aqueous Br(2) occurs along multiple equivalent water-Br(2) coordinates. In distinct contrast with hydrophilic hydration in small clusters and hydrophobic hydration in clathrates, it is concluded that the hydration shell of bromine in water consists of dynamically equivalent fluxional water molecules. At 405 nm, the RR progression of Br(3)(-) is observed, accompanied by difference transitions between the breathing of the hydration shell and the symmetric stretch of the ion. The RR scattering process in this case can be regarded as the coherent photo-induced electron transfer to the solvent and its radiative back-transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward T Branigan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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28
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Franklin-Mergarejo R, Rubayo-Soneira J, Halberstadt N, Ayed T, Bernal-Uruchurtu MI, Hernández-Lamoneda R, Janda KC. Large Shift and Small Broadening of Br2 Valence Band upon Dimer Formation with H2O: An Ab Initio Study. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:5983-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jp110389z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Franklin-Mergarejo
- Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Ave. Salvador Allende y Luaces, Quinta de los Molinos, Plaza, Habana 10600, Aptdo. Postal 6163, Ciudad Habana, Cuba
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, IRSAMC, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR 5589, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Jesus Rubayo-Soneira
- Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Ave. Salvador Allende y Luaces, Quinta de los Molinos, Plaza, Habana 10600, Aptdo. Postal 6163, Ciudad Habana, Cuba
| | - Nadine Halberstadt
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, IRSAMC, F-31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR 5589, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Tahra Ayed
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, UAEM, Cuernavaca, Mor. 62209, México
| | | | | | - Kenneth C. Janda
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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29
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Asare E, Musah AR, Curotto E, Freeman DL, Doll JD. The thermodynamic and ground state properties of the TIP4P water octamer. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:184508. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3259047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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30
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Franklin-Mergarejo R, Rubayo-Soneira J, Halberstadt N, Ayed T, Bernal Uruchurtu MI, Hernández-Lamoneda R, Janda KC. An ab initio calculation of the valence excitation spectrum of H2O...Cl2: comparison to condensed phase spectra. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:7563-9. [PMID: 19419140 DOI: 10.1021/jp901488x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Valence electronic excitation spectra are calculated for the H(2)O...Cl(2) dimer using state-of-the art ab initio potentials for both the ground and the valence excited states, a basis set calculation of the ground state nuclear wave function, and a wave packet analysis to simulate the dynamics on the excited state surface. The peak of the H(2)O...Cl(2) dimer spectrum is blue-shifted by 1250 cm(-1) from that of the free Cl(2) molecule. This is less than the value previously estimated from vertical excitation energies but still significantly more than the blue shift in aqueous solution and clathrate-hydrate solid. Seventy percent of the blue shift is attributed to ground state stabilization, the rest to excited state repulsion. Spin-orbit effects are found to be small for this dimer. Homogeneous broadening is found to be slightly smaller for the dimer than for the free Cl(2). The reflection principle and spectator model approximations were tested and found to be quite satisfactory. This is promising for an eventual simulation of the condensed phase spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Franklin-Mergarejo
- Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Ave. Salvador Allende y Luaces, Quinta de los Molinos, Plaza, Habana 10600, Aptdo. Postal 6163, Ciudad Habana, Cuba
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31
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Jonnalagadda SB, Shezi MN. Kinetics and Mechanism of the Oxidation of Methylene Violet by Bromate at Acidic pH and the Dual Role of Bromide Ion. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:5540-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp810015p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. B. Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, P Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - M. N. Shezi
- School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, P Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
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32
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Bernal-Uruchurtu MI, Hernández-Lamoneda R, Janda KC. On the Unusual Properties of Halogen Bonds: A Detailed ab Initio Study of X2−(H2O)1−5 clusters (X = Cl and Br). J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:5496-505. [DOI: 10.1021/jp900490p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramón Hernández-Lamoneda
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, 62209, México
| | - Kenneth C. Janda
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697
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33
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Bernal-Uruchurtu§ MI, Kerenskaya G, Janda KC. Structure, spectroscopy and dynamics of halogen molecules interacting with water. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350903017302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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34
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Scaria A, Liebers J, Kleinekathöfer U, Materny A. Probing the contributions of hot vibrational states using pump-degenerate four-wave mixing. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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35
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Pio JM, van der Veer WE, Bieler CR, Janda KC. Product state resolved excitation spectroscopy of He–, Ne–, and Ar–Br2 linear isomers: Experiment and theory. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:134311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2885047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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36
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Goldschleger IU, Kerenskaya G, Senekerimyan V, Janda KC, Apkarian VA. Dynamical interrogation of the hydration cage of bromine in single crystal clathrate hydrates versus water. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:7226-32. [DOI: 10.1039/b811529j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Hernández-Lamoneda R, Uc Rosas VH, Bernal Uruchurtu MI, Halberstadt N, Janda KC. Two-Dimensional H2O−Cl2 and H2O−Br2 Potential Surfaces: An Ab Initio Study of Ground and Valence Excited Electronic States. J Phys Chem A 2007; 112:89-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jp077074i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nadine Halberstadt
- Laboratoire des Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité, IRSAMC, CNRS, and Paul Sabatier University, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Kenneth C. Janda
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025
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38
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Senekerimyan V, Goldschleger I, Apkarian VA. Vibronic dynamics of I(2) trapped in amorphous ice: coherent following of cage relaxation. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:214511. [PMID: 18067368 DOI: 10.1063/1.2803922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Four-wave mixing measurements are carried out on I(2)-doped ice, prepared by quench condensing the premixed vapor at 128 K. Coherent vibrational dynamics is observed in two distinct ensembles. The first is ascribed to trapping in asymmetric polar cages in which, as in water, the valence absorption of the molecule is blueshifted by 3500 cm(-1), predissociation of the B state is complete upon the first extension of the molecular bond, and the vibrational frequency in the ground state (observed through coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering) is reduced by 6.5%. The effect is ascribed to polarization of the molecule. The implied local field and the ionicity of the molecule are extracted, to conclude that the molecule is oxygen bonded to one water molecule on one side and hydrogen bonded on the other side. The second ensemble is characterized by the transient grating signal, which shows coherent vibrational dynamics on the B state. The small predissociation rate in this site suggests a symmetric cage in which the local electric field undergoes effective cancellation; and consistent with this, the extracted blueshift of the valence transition in this site (approximately 1500 cm(-1)) coincides with that observed in clathrate hydrates of iodine. Remarkably, in this site, the vibrational period of the B state packet coherently stretches from an initial value of 245 fs to 325 fs in the course of five oscillations (1.3 ps), indicative of vibrationally adiabatic following of the cage expansion. The dynamics is characteristic of a molecule trapped in a tight symmetric cage, with a soft cage coordinate that relaxes without eliciting elastic response. Enclathration in low-density amorphous ice is concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Senekerimyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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39
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Kerenskaya G, Goldschleger IU, Apkarian VA, Fleischer E, Janda KC. Spectroscopic Signatures of Halogens in Clathrate Hydrate Cages. 2. Iodine. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:10969-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0747306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Galina Kerenskaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of California−Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Ilya U. Goldschleger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California−Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - V. Ara Apkarian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California−Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Everly Fleischer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California−Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Kenneth C. Janda
- Department of Chemistry, University of California−Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
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40
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Schofield DP, Jordan KD. Theoretical Investigation of the Electronically Excited States of Chlorine Hydrate. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:7690-4. [PMID: 17645322 DOI: 10.1021/jp073068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a step toward a first principles characterization of the optical properties of chlorine hydrate, we have calculated the electronic absorption spectrum of a chlorine molecule trapped in dodecahedral (H2O)20 and hexakaidodecahedral (H2O)24 cages. For comparison, spectra were also calculated for an isolated Cl2 molecule as well as for selected Cl2(H2O)n, n < or =8, clusters cut out of the Cl2(H2O)20 cluster, allowing us to follow the evolution of the low-lying excited states with increasing number of surrounding water molecules. Although encapsulation of a chlorine molecule within the water cages has relatively little effect on its low-lying valence transitions, it does result in a large number of solvent-to-solute charge-transfer transitions at energies starting near 48,000 cm(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Schofield
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular and Materials Simulations, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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