1
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Zong T, Liu X, Zhang X, Yang Q. Efficient characterization of double-cross-linked networks in hydrogels using data-inspired coarse-grained molecular dynamics model. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:024115. [PMID: 38197443 DOI: 10.1063/5.0180847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The network structure within polymers significantly influences their mechanical properties, including their strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance. All-atom molecular dynamics (AAMD) simulations offer a method to investigate the energy dissipation mechanism within polymers during deformation and fracture; Such an approach is, however, computationally inefficient when used to analyze polymers with complex network structures, such as the common chemically double-networked hydrogels. Alternatively, coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) models, which reduce the computational degrees of freedom by concentrating a set of adjacent atoms into a coarse-grained bead, can be employed. In CGMD simulations, a coarse-grained force field (CGFF) is a critical factor affecting the simulation accuracy. In this paper, we proposed a data-based method for predicting the CGFF parameters to improve the simulation efficiency of complex cross-linked network in polymers. Here, we utilized a typical chemically double-networked hydrogel as an example. An artificial neural network was selected, and it was trained with the tensile stress-strain data from the CGMD simulations using different CGFF parameters. The CGMD simulations using the predicted CGFF parameters show good agreement with the AAMD simulations and are almost fifty times faster. The data-inspired CGMD model presented here broadens the applicability of molecular dynamics simulations to cross-linked polymers and has the potential to provide insights that will aid the design of polymers with desirable mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zong
- Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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2
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Wang P, Liao Q, Zhang H. Polysaccharide-Based Double-Network Hydrogels: Polysaccharide Effect, Strengthening Mechanisms, and Applications. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5479-5510. [PMID: 37718493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are carbohydrate polymers that are major components of plants, animals, and microorganisms, with unique properties. Biological hydrogels are polymeric networks that imbibe and retain large amounts of water and are the major components of living organisms. The mechanical properties of hydrogels are critical for their functionality and applications. Since synthetic polymeric double-network (DN) hydrogels possess unique network structures with high and tunable mechanical properties, many natural functional polysaccharides have attracted increased attention due to their rich and convenient sources, unique chemical structure and chain conformation, inherently desirable cytocompatibility, biodegradability and environmental friendliness, diverse bioactivities, and rheological properties, which rationally make them prominent constituents in designing various strong and tough polysaccharide-based DN hydrogels over the past ten years. This review focuses on the latest developments of polysaccharide-based DN hydrogels to comprehend the relationship among the polysaccharide properties, inner strengthening mechanisms, and applications. The aim of this review is to provide an insightful mechanical interpretation of the design strategy of novel polysaccharide-based DN hydrogels and their applications by introducing the correlation between performance and composition. The mechanical behavior of DN hydrogels and the roles of varieties of marine, microbial, plant, and animal polysaccharides are emphatically explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengguang Wang
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qingyu Liao
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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3
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Rafique M, Erbaş A. Mechanical deformation affects the counterion condensation in highly-swollen polyelectrolyte hydrogels. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:7550-7561. [PMID: 37750366 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00585b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte gels can generate electric potentials under mechanical deformation. While the underlying mechanism of such a response is often attributed to changes in counterion-condensation levels or alterations in the ionic conditions in the pervaded volume of the hydrogel, the exact molecular origins are largely unknown. By using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of a polyacrylic acid hydrogel in explicit water as a model system, we simulate the uniaxial compression and uniaxial stretching of weakly to highly swollen (i.e., between 60-90% solvent content) hydrogel networks and calculate the microscopic condensation levels of counterions around the hydrogel chains. The counterion condensation under deformation is highly non-monotonic. Ionic condensation around the constituting chains of the deformed hydrogel tends to increase as the chains are stretched. This increase reaches a maximum and decreases as the chains are strongly stretched. The condensation around the collapsed chains of the hydrogel is weakly affected by the deformation. As a result, both compressing and stretching the model hydrogel lead to an overall increase in the counterion condensation. The effect vanishes for weakly swollen hydrogels, for which most ions are already condensed. The simulations with single, stretched polyelectrolyte chains show a qualitatively similar response, suggesting the effect of chain elongation on the ionic distribution throughout the hydrogel. Notably, this deformation-induced counterion condensation phenomenon does not occur in a polyelectrolyte solution at its critical concentration, indicating the role of hydrogel topology constraining the chain ends. Our results indicate that counterion condensation in a deforming polyelectrolyte hydrogel can be highly heterogeneous and exhibit a rich behaviour of electrostatic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffar Rafique
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Aykut Erbaş
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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4
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Filipecka-Szymczyk K, Makowska-Janusik M, Marczak W. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Hydrogels Based on Phosphorylcholine-Containing Copolymers for Soft Contact Lens Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:6562. [PMID: 37764338 PMCID: PMC10535866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure and dynamics of copolymers of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) were studied by molecular dynamics simulations. In total, 20 systems were analyzed. They differed in numerical fractions of the MPC in the copolymer chain, equal to 0.26 and 0.74, in the sequence of mers, block and random, and the water content, from 0 to 60% by mass. HEMA side chains proved relatively rigid and stable in all considered configurations. MPC side chains, in contrast, were mobile and flexible. Water substantially influenced their dynamics. The copolymer swelling caused by water resulted in diffusion channels, pronounced in highly hydrated systems. Water in the hydrates existed in two states: those that bond to the polymer chain and the free one; the latter was similar to bulk water but with a lower self-diffusion coefficient. The results proved that molecular dynamics simulations could facilitate the preliminary selection of the polymer materials for specific purposes before their synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wojciech Marczak
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University, Al. Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland; (K.F.-S.); (M.M.-J.)
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5
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Kumar R, Parashar A. Effect of the degree of polymerization and water content on the thermal transport phenomena in PEGDA hydrogel: a molecular-dynamics-based study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37409672 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00667k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
A hydrogel is a 3D cross-linked polymer network that can absorb copious amounts of water or biological fluid. Due to their biocompatibility and non-toxicity, hydrogels have a wide range of applications in biomedical engineering. To develop hydrogels with superior thermal dissipation properties, atomistic-level studies are required to quantify the effect of the water content and the degree of polymerization. Classical mechanics-based non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations were performed in conjunction with a mathematical formulation developed by Müller-Plathe to explore the thermal conductivity of the poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel. This work reveals that the thermal conductivity of the PEGDA hydrogel is enhanced with the increase in water content and approaches the value of the thermal conductivity of water at 85% water content in the hydrogel. The PEGDA-9 hydrogel, with a lower level of degree of polymerization, has a superior thermal conductivity than the PEGDA-13 and PEGDA-23 hydrogels. The lower level of degree of polymerization is associated with the higher mesh density of polymer chain network junctions that help to achieve the superior thermal conductivity at higher water contents. Increasing the water content improves the structural stability and compactness of the polymer chains, which can be further associated with the enhanced phonon transfer in PEGDA hydrogels. The work will help in the development of PEGDA-based hydrogels with superior thermal dissipation properties for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Kumar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Avinash Parashar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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6
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Heger R, Zinkovska N, Trudicova M, Kadlec M, Pekar M, Smilek J. Lecithin as an Effective Modifier of the Transport Properties of Variously Crosslinked Hydrogels. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050367. [PMID: 37232959 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transport properties are one of the most crucial assets of hydrogel samples, influencing their main application potential, i.e., as drug carriers. Depending on the type of drug or the application itself, it is very important to be able to control these transport properties in an appropriate manner. This study seeks to modify these properties by adding amphiphiles, specifically lecithin. Through its self-assembly, lecithin modifies the inner structure of the hydrogel, which affects its properties, especially the transport ones. In the proposed paper, these properties are studied mainly using various probes (organic dyes) to effectively simulate drugs in simple release diffusion experiments controlled by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Scanning electron microscopy was used to help characterize the diffusion systems. The effects of lecithin and its concentrations, as well as the effects of variously charged model drugs, were discussed. Lecithin decreases the values of the diffusion coefficient independently of the dye used and the type of crosslinking. The ability to influence transport properties is better observed in xerogel samples. The results, complementing previously published conclusions, showed that lecithin can alter a hydrogel's structure and therefore its transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Heger
- Institute of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Zinkovska
- Institute of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Trudicova
- Institute of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kadlec
- Institute of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Pekar
- Institute of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Smilek
- Institute of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
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7
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Kumar R, Parashar A. Atomistic simulations of pristine and nanoparticle reinforced hydrogels: A review. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raju Kumar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Uttarakhand India
| | - Avinash Parashar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Uttarakhand India
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8
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Hu N, Wang Y, Ma R, Zhang W, Li B, Zhao X, Zhang L, Gao Y. Optimizing the fracture toughness of a dual cross-linked hydrogel via molecular dynamics simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:17605-17614. [PMID: 35829708 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02478k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a coarse-grained model is adopted to explore the fracture toughness of a dual cross-linked hydrogel which consists of a physically cross-linked network and a chemically cross-linked network. By calculating the fracture energy, the optimized fracture toughness of the hydrogel appears at the intermediate content of the chemical network. To understand it, the structure change of both the chemical network and the physical network is first characterized during the tensile process. For the chemical network, the fraction and rate of broken bonds gradually improve with increasing content of the chemical network while the strain range where the bond breakage occurs is reduced. For the physical network, the number of clusters and the interaction energy first increase and then decrease with increasing strain. This reflects the breakage and reformation of the physical network, which dissipates more energy and improves the fracture energy. Furthermore, by stress decomposition, the stress is mainly borne by the physical network at small strain and the chemical network at large strain, which proves their synergistic effect in enhancing the hydrogel. Then, the number of voids is calculated as a function of strain. It is found that the voids initiate in the weak region at small strain while in the position of the bond breakage at large strain. Moreover, the number of voids decreases with increasing content of the chemical network at small strain. Finally, the effect of the strength of the chemical network or the physical network on the fracture toughness is discussed. The optimized fracture toughness of hydrogel appears at the intermediate strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruibin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yangyang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Tauber J, van der Gucht J, Dussi S. Stretchy and disordered: Toward understanding fracture in soft network materials via mesoscopic computer simulations. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:160901. [PMID: 35490006 DOI: 10.1063/5.0081316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft network materials exist in numerous forms ranging from polymer networks, such as elastomers, to fiber networks, such as collagen. In addition, in colloidal gels, an underlying network structure can be identified, and several metamaterials and textiles can be considered network materials as well. Many of these materials share a highly disordered microstructure and can undergo large deformations before damage becomes visible at the macroscopic level. Despite their widespread presence, we still lack a clear picture of how the network structure controls the fracture processes of these soft materials. In this Perspective, we will focus on progress and open questions concerning fracture at the mesoscopic scale, in which the network architecture is clearly resolved, but neither the material-specific atomistic features nor the macroscopic sample geometries are considered. We will describe concepts regarding the network elastic response that have been established in recent years and turn out to be pre-requisites to understand the fracture response. We will mostly consider simulation studies, where the influence of specific network features on the material mechanics can be cleanly assessed. Rather than focusing on specific systems, we will discuss future challenges that should be addressed to gain new fundamental insights that would be relevant across several examples of soft network materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Tauber
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper van der Gucht
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Dussi
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Tauber J, Rovigatti L, Dussi S, van der Gucht J. Sharing the Load: Stress Redistribution Governs Fracture of Polymer Double Networks. Macromolecules 2021; 54:8563-8574. [PMID: 34602652 PMCID: PMC8482750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The stress response
of polymer double networks depends not only
on the properties of the constituent networks but also on the interactions
arising between them. Here, we demonstrate, via coarse-grained simulations,
that both their global stress response and their microscopic fracture
mechanics are governed by load sharing through these internetwork
interactions. By comparing our results with affine predictions, where
stress redistribution is by definition homogeneous, we show that stress
redistribution is highly inhomogeneous. In particular, the affine
prediction overestimates the fraction of broken chains by almost an
order of magnitude. Furthermore, homogeneous stress distribution predicts
a single fracture process, while in our simulations, fracture of sacrificial
chains takes place in two steps governed by load sharing within a
network and between networks, respectively. Our results thus provide
a detailed microscopic picture of how inhomogeneous stress redistribution
after rupture of chains governs the fracture of polymer double networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Tauber
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Rovigatti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza-Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Simone Dussi
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jasper van der Gucht
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Abdolmaleki A, Gharibi H, Molavian MR, Norouzi M, Asefifeyzabadi N. Physicochemical modification of hydroxylated polymers to develop thermosensitive double network hydrogels. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Abdolmaleki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences Shiraz University Shiraz Iran
- Department of Chemistry Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran
| | - Hamidreza Gharibi
- Department of Chemistry Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran
| | | | | | - Narges Asefifeyzabadi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale Illinois USA
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12
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Hong SJ, Chun H, Lee J, Kim BH, Seo MH, Kang J, Han B. First-Principles-Based Machine-Learning Molecular Dynamics for Crystalline Polymers with van der Waals Interactions. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6000-6006. [PMID: 34165310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Machine-learning (ML) techniques have drawn an ever-increasing focus as they enable high-throughput screening and multiscale prediction of material properties. Especially, ML force fields (FFs) of quantum mechanical accuracy are expected to play a central role for the purpose. The construction of ML-FFs for polymers is, however, still in its infancy due to the formidable configurational space of its composing atoms. Here, we demonstrate the effective development of ML-FFs using kernel functions and a Gaussian process for an organic polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), with a data set acquired by first-principles calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. Even though the training data set is sampled only with short PTFE chains, structures of longer chains optimized by our ML-FF show an excellent consistency with density functional theory calculations. Furthermore, when integrated with molecular dynamics simulations, the ML-FF successfully describes various physical properties of a PTFE bundle, such as a density, melting temperature, coefficient of thermal expansion, and Young's modulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jun Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoje Chun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehyun Lee
- Platform Technology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Kim
- Platform Technology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Seo
- Fuel Cell Research & Demonstration Center, Future Energy Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Buan-gun 56322, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhee Kang
- Platform Technology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungchan Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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13
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Xing Z, Lu H, Hossain M. Renormalized
Flory‐Huggins
lattice model of physicochemical kinetics and dynamic complexity in self‐healing double‐network hydrogel. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - Haibao Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - Mokarram Hossain
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering, College of Engineering Swansea University Swansea UK
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14
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Danielsen SPO, Beech HK, Wang S, El-Zaatari BM, Wang X, Sapir L, Ouchi T, Wang Z, Johnson PN, Hu Y, Lundberg DJ, Stoychev G, Craig SL, Johnson JA, Kalow JA, Olsen BD, Rubinstein M. Molecular Characterization of Polymer Networks. Chem Rev 2021; 121:5042-5092. [PMID: 33792299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polymer networks are complex systems consisting of molecular components. Whereas the properties of the individual components are typically well understood by most chemists, translating that chemical insight into polymer networks themselves is limited by the statistical and poorly defined nature of network structures. As a result, it is challenging, if not currently impossible, to extrapolate from the molecular behavior of components to the full range of performance and properties of the entire polymer network. Polymer networks therefore present an unrealized, important, and interdisciplinary opportunity to exert molecular-level, chemical control on material macroscopic properties. A barrier to sophisticated molecular approaches to polymer networks is that the techniques for characterizing the molecular structure of networks are often unfamiliar to many scientists. Here, we present a critical overview of the current characterization techniques available to understand the relation between the molecular properties and the resulting performance and behavior of polymer networks, in the absence of added fillers. We highlight the methods available to characterize the chemistry and molecular-level properties of individual polymer strands and junctions, the gelation process by which strands form networks, the structure of the resulting network, and the dynamics and mechanics of the final material. The purpose is not to serve as a detailed manual for conducting these measurements but rather to unify the underlying principles, point out remaining challenges, and provide a concise overview by which chemists can plan characterization strategies that suit their research objectives. Because polymer networks cannot often be sufficiently characterized with a single method, strategic combinations of multiple techniques are typically required for their molecular characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P O Danielsen
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Haley K Beech
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Bassil M El-Zaatari
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | | | | | - Zi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Patricia N Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Yixin Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - David J Lundberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Georgi Stoychev
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Stephen L Craig
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Bradley D Olsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael Rubinstein
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,World Primer Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
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15
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Luo K, Subhash G, Spearot DE. On shockwave propagation and attenuation in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogels. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 118:104423. [PMID: 33752092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
An analytical model is developed to predict shockwave propagation and attenuation in hydrogels by combining the classical method of shock characteristics and a solution for the shock front structure. To guide the development of the model, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed. Specifically, a one-dimensional shock pulse in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels is simulated with the nonequilibrium MD method. The role of polymer concentration on the shock response is evaluated by constructing hydrogels with 20, 35, and 50 wt% PEGDA concentrations in an idealized crosslinked network. Steady-state pressure-density and shock-particle velocity relationships are established using the Murnaghan equation of state. Shock front structure is characterized by a power-law equation that relates the shock front thickness with shock pressure. These results are used as critical input for the shock propagation and attenuation model. The model is then evaluated via comparison with the classical method of characteristics. It shows significant improvement in accuracy and successfully captures salient features of shockwave attenuation, including the shock pressure amplitude, the velocities of the shock and release waves, and the attenuation timeline. Hydrogels with higher polymer concentrations exhibit a shorter attenuation time at all particle velocities studied. This behavior is attributed to differences in bulk properties and shock front structure in hydrogels with different polymer/water concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Luo
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Florida, USA
| | - Ghatu Subhash
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, USA
| | - Douglas E Spearot
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, USA.
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16
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Zhao R, Wang Y, Wang S, Zhao C, Gong X. The dissociation of physical interaction clusters under tensile deformation of hybrid double network gels. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Yang Q, Gao C, Zhang X, Zhao X, Fu Y, Tsou C, Zeng C, Yuan L, Pu Z, Xia Y, Sheng Y, Fang Y. Dual‐responsive
shape memory hydrogels with
self‐healing
and
dual‐responsive
swelling behaviors. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
| | - Chen Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
- Sichuan Zhirenfa Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd Zigong China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
| | - Yiqing Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
| | - Chihui Tsou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
- Sichuan Zhirenfa Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd Zigong China
| | - Chunyan Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
| | - Li Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
| | - Zejun Pu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
| | - Yiqing Xia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
| | - Yuping Sheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratories of Fine Chemicals and Surfactants in Sichuan Provincial Universities Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China
| | - Yu Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
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18
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Li H, Wu H, Li B, Gao Y, Zhao X, Zhang L. Molecular dynamics simulation of fracture mechanism in the double interpenetrated cross-linked polymer. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Lei J, Xu S, Li Z, Liu Z. Study on Large Deformation Behavior of Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Using Dissipative Particle Dynamics. Front Chem 2020; 8:115. [PMID: 32158745 PMCID: PMC7052281 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Meso-scale models for hydrogels are crucial to bridge the conformation change of polymer chains in micro-scale to the bulk deformation of hydrogel in macro-scale. In this study, we construct coarse-grain bead-spring models for polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel and investigate the large deformation and fracture behavior by using Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) to simulate the crosslinking process. The crosslinking simulations show that sufficiently large diffusion length of polymer beads is necessary for the formation of effective polymer. The constructed models show the reproducible realistic structure of PAAm hydrogel network, predict the reasonable crosslinking limit of water content and prove to be sufficiently large for statistical averaging. Incompressible uniaxial tension tests are performed in three different loading rates. From the nominal stress-stretch curves, it demonstrated that both the hyperelasticity and the viscoelasticity in our PAAm hydrogel models are reflected. The scattered large deformation behaviors of three PAAm hydrogel models with the same water content indicate that the mesoscale conformation of polymer network dominates the mechanical behavior in large stretch. This is because the effective chains with different initial length ratio stretch to straight at different time. We further propose a stretch criterion to measure the fracture stretch of PAAm hydrogel using the fracture stretch of C-C bonds. Using the stretch criterion, specific upper and lower limits of the fracture stretch are given for each PAAm hydrogel model. These ranges of fracture stretch agree quite well with experimental results. The study shows that our coarse-grain PAAm hydrogel models can be applied to numerous single network hydrogel systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Lei
- International Center for Applied Mechanics, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- International Center for Applied Mechanics, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ziqian Li
- International Center for Applied Mechanics, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zishun Liu
- International Center for Applied Mechanics, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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20
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Luo K, Wangari C, Subhash G, Spearot DE. Effect of Loop Defects on the High Strain Rate Behavior of PEGDA Hydrogels: A Molecular Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2029-2039. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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21
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Kajinami N, Matsumoto M. Polymer brush in articular cartilage lubrication: Nanoscale modelling and simulation. Biophys Physicobiol 2020; 16:466-472. [PMID: 31984198 PMCID: PMC6976006 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.16.0_466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Human knee joints move smoothly under high load conditions due to articular cartilage and synovial fluid. Much attention is paid to the role of proteoglycans. It is suggested that a part of proteoglycan forms aggregate on the cartilage surface, making a polymer brush, which has an important role in lubrication. In order to examine the lubrication mechanism in detail, we constructed a full atom model of a polymer brush system, and carried out a series of molecular dynamics simulations to analyze its frictional properties under constant shear. We use chondroitin 6-sulfate molecules grafted on resilient surface as the polymer brush and water with sodium ions as the synovial liquid. In the steady state, polymers have large deformation and the flow of synovial fluid becomes deviate from the Coutette flow, leading to a drastic reduction of friction. Longer chains have larger reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Kajinami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Graduated School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Matsumoto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Graduated School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
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22
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Rukmani SJ, Anstine DM, Munasinghe A, Colina CM. An Insight into Structural and Mechanical Properties of Ideal‐Networked Poly(Ethylene Glycol)–Peptide Hydrogels from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini J. Rukmani
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Dylan M. Anstine
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Aravinda Munasinghe
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Coray M. Colina
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
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23
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Cooperative dynamics of heuristic swelling and inhibitive micellization in double-network hydrogels by ionic dissociation of polyelectrolyte. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.122039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Luo K, Upadhyay K, Subhash G, Spearot DE. Transient-State Rheological Behavior of Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Hydrogels at High Shear Strain Rates. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Wang J, Lou L, Qiu J. Super‐tough hydrogels using ionically crosslinked networks. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of Textiles, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringTexas Tech University 2500 Broadway, P.O. Box 43061, Lubbock Texas 79409
| | - Lihua Lou
- Department of Environmental ToxicologyTexas Tech University, Reese Center P.O. Box 41163, Lubbock Texas 79416
| | - Jingjing Qiu
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringTexas Tech University 2500 Broadway, P.O. Box 43061, Lubbock Texas 79409
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26
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Su EJ, Jeeawoody S, Herr AE. Protein diffusion from microwells with contrasting hydrogel domains. APL Bioeng 2019; 3:026101. [PMID: 31069338 PMCID: PMC6481738 DOI: 10.1063/1.5078650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding and controlling molecular transport in hydrogel materials is important for biomedical tools, including engineered tissues and drug delivery, as well as life sciences tools for single-cell analysis. Here, we scrutinize the ability of microwells-micromolded in hydrogel slabs-to compartmentalize lysate from single cells. We consider both (i) microwells that are "open" to a large fluid (i.e., liquid) reservoir and (ii) microwells that are "closed," having been capped with either a slab of high-density polyacrylamide gel or an impermeable glass slide. We use numerical modeling to gain insight into the sensitivity of time-dependent protein concentration distributions on hydrogel partition and protein diffusion coefficients and open and closed microwell configurations. We are primarily concerned with diffusion-driven protein loss from the microwell cavity. Even for closed microwells, confocal fluorescence microscopy reports that a fluid (i.e., liquid) film forms between the hydrogel slabs (median thickness of 1.7 μm). Proteins diffuse from the microwells and into the fluid (i.e., liquid) layer, yet concentration distributions are sensitive to the lid layer partition coefficients and the protein diffusion coefficient. The application of a glass lid or a dense hydrogel retains protein in the microwell, increasing the protein solute concentration in the microwell by ∼7-fold for the first 15 s. Using triggered release of Protein G from microparticles, we validate our simulations by characterizing protein diffusion in a microwell capped with a high-density polyacrylamide gel lid (p > 0.05, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test). Here, we establish and validate a numerical model useful for understanding protein transport in and losses from a hydrogel microwell across a range of boundary conditions.
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27
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Casalini T, Perale G. From Microscale to Macroscale: Nine Orders of Magnitude for a Comprehensive Modeling of Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Delivery. Gels 2019; 5:E28. [PMID: 31096685 PMCID: PMC6631542 DOI: 10.3390/gels5020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their inherent biocompatibility and tailorable network design, hydrogels meet an increasing interest as biomaterials for the fabrication of controlled drug delivery devices. In this regard, mathematical modeling can highlight release mechanisms and governing phenomena, thus gaining a key role as complementary tool for experimental activity. Starting from the seminal contribution given by Flory-Rehner equation back in 1943 for the determination of matrix structural properties, over more than 70 years, hydrogel modeling has not only taken advantage of new theories and the increasing computational power, but also of the methods offered by computational chemistry, which provide details at the fundamental molecular level. Simulation techniques such as molecular dynamics act as a "computational microscope" and allow for obtaining a new and deeper understanding of the specific interactions between the solute and the polymer, opening new exciting possibilities for an in silico network design at the molecular scale. Moreover, system modeling constitutes an essential step within the "safety by design" paradigm that is becoming one of the new regulatory standard requirements also in the field-controlled release devices. This review aims at providing a summary of the most frequently used modeling approaches (molecular dynamics, coarse-grained models, Brownian dynamics, dissipative particle dynamics, Monte Carlo simulations, and mass conservation equations), which are here classified according to the characteristic length scale. The outcomes and the opportunities of each approach are compared and discussed with selected examples from literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Casalini
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Institute for Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, SUPSI-University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Via Cantonale 2C, Galleria 2, 6928 Manno, Switzerland.
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Giuseppe Perale
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Institute for Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, SUPSI-University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Via Cantonale 2C, Galleria 2, 6928 Manno, Switzerland.
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, Orthopaedic Clinic-IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Genova, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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28
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Rukmani SJ, Lin P, Andrew JS, Colina CM. Molecular Modeling of Complex Cross-Linked Networks of PEGDA Nanogels. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:4129-4138. [PMID: 31038311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based nanogels are attractive for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, versatile end group chemistry, and ability to sterically shield encapsulated drug molecules. The characteristics of a hydrogel network govern the encapsulation and efficient delivery of drug molecules for a target application. A molecular-level description of network topology can complement experimental investigations to understand its effects on the structural properties of these nanogels. In this work, atomistic molecular simulations of heterogeneous, nonideal PEG-diacrylate (PEGDA) nanogels are presented. The effects of cross-linking density and topological features on the structural properties of PEGDA nanogels were studied. The average functionality was controlled to systematically study the effect of cross-linking density on the radius of gyration, shape, and mesh size of the nanogels. For a given average functionality, the impact of distinct network topologies on the structural properties was also studied. The aspect ratios, based on the gyration tensor, were calculated to characterize the shapes of these nanogels for different topologies. Nanogel structures with higher cross-linking densities showed a globular shape, while structures with lower cross-linking density showed shape anisotropy. The distribution and connectivity of the cross-linked junctions played a key role in determining the size and shape anisotropy of PEGDA nanogels; the number of unreacted chain ends and their connectivity directly affected the anisotropy. The mesh size, denoted by the limiting "free volume element" present in the nanogel samples, does not show a significant change with increasing average functionality. This work provides insight into the structural properties of heterogeneous hydrogels that aid the design of nonideal nanogel networks for a targeted drug delivery application.
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29
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Luo K, Yudewitz N, Subhash G, Spearot DE. Effect of water concentration on the shock response of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels: A molecular dynamics study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 90:30-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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An M, Demir B, Wan X, Meng H, Yang N, Walsh TR. Predictions of Thermo‐Mechanical Properties of Cross‐Linked Polyacrylamide Hydrogels Using Molecular Simulations. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201800153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng An
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and Technology 6 Xuefuzhong Road Weiyangdaxueyuan, Xi'an 710021 P. R. China
| | - Baris Demir
- Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University Geelong VIC 3216 Australia
| | - Xiao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
- Nano Interface Center for Energy School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Han Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
- Nano Interface Center for Energy School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Nuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
- Nano Interface Center for Energy School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Tiffany R. Walsh
- Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University Geelong VIC 3216 Australia
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31
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Alegre-Requena JV, Saldías C, Inostroza-Rivera R, Díaz Díaz D. Understanding hydrogelation processes through molecular dynamics. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1652-1673. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03036g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) is currently one of the preferred techniques employed to understand hydrogelation processes for its ability to include large amounts of atoms in computational calculations, since substantial amounts of solvent molecules are involved in gel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - César Saldías
- Departamento de Química Física
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Macul
- Chile
| | | | - David Díaz Díaz
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Regensburg
- 93053 Regensburg
- Germany
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC
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32
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Aryal D, Ganesan V. Impact of cross-linking of polymers on transport of salt and water in polyelectrolyte membranes: A mesoscopic simulation study. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:224902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5057708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Aryal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Venkat Ganesan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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33
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Deng Y, Huang M, Sun D, Hou Y, Li Y, Dong T, Wang X, Zhang L, Yang W. Dual Physically Cross-Linked κ-Carrageenan-Based Double Network Hydrogels with Superior Self-Healing Performance for Biomedical Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:37544-37554. [PMID: 30296052 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemically linked double network (DN) hydrogels display extraordinary mechanical attributes but mostly suffer from poor self-healing property and unsatisfactory biocompatibility due to the irreversible breaks in their chemical-linked networks and the use of toxic chemical cross-linking agents. To address these limitations, we developed a novel κ-carrageenan/polyacrylamide (KC/PAM) DN hydrogel through a dual physical-cross-linking strategy, with the ductile, hydrophobically associated PAM being the first network, and the rigid potassium ion (K+) cross-linked KC being the second network. The dual physically cross-linked DN (DPC-DN) hydrogels with optimized KC concentration exhibit excellent fracture tensile stress (1320 ± 46 kPa) and toughness (fracture energy: 6900 ± 280 kJ/m3), comparable to those fully chemically linked DN hydrogels and physically chemically cross-linked hybrid DN hydrogels. Moreover, because of their unique dual physical-cross-linking structures, the KC/PAM hydrogels also demonstrated rapid self-recovery, remarkable notch-insensitivity, self-healing capability, as well as excellent cytocompatibility toward stem cells. Accordingly, this work presents a new strategy toward fabricating self-repairing DPC-DN hydrogels with outstanding mechanical behaviors and biocompatibility. The new type of DN hydrogels demonstrates strong potentiality in many challenging biomedical applications such as artificial diaphragm, tendon, and cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dan Sun
- Advanced Composite Research Group (ACRG), School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Queens University Belfast , Belfast BT7 1NN , The United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Xiaohong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea , Hainan University , Haikou 570228 , China
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34
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Rudyak VY, Gavrilov AA, Kozhunova EY, Chertovich AV. Shell-corona microgels from double interpenetrating networks. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:2777-2781. [PMID: 29633777 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00170g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polymer microgels with a dense outer shell offer outstanding features as universal carriers for different guest molecules. In this paper, microgels formed by an interpenetrating network comprised of collapsed and swollen subnetworks are investigated using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) computer simulations, and it is found that such systems can form classical core-corona structures, shell-corona structures, and core-shell-corona structures, depending on the subchain length and molecular mass of the system. The core-corona structures consisting of a dense core and soft corona are formed at small microgel sizes when the subnetworks are able to effectively separate in space. The most interesting shell-corona structures consist of a soft cavity in a dense shell surrounded with a loose corona, and are found at intermediate gel sizes; the area of their existence depends on the subchain length and the corresponding mesh size. At larger molecular masses the collapsing network forms additional cores inside the soft cavity, leading to the core-shell-corona structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Yu Rudyak
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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35
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Higuchi Y, Saito K, Sakai T, Gong JP, Kubo M. Fracture Process of Double-Network Gels by Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Higuchi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST),
4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha 5-1-5, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Keisuke Saito
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takamasa Sakai
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST),
4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science and Soft Matter GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Momoji Kubo
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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36
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Wan H, Shen J, Gao N, Liu J, Gao Y, Zhang L. Tailoring the mechanical properties by molecular integration of flexible and stiff polymer networks. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:2379-2390. [PMID: 29503989 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm02282d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Designing a multiple-network structure at the molecular level to tailor the mechanical properties of polymeric materials is of great scientific and technological importance. Through the coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation, we successfully construct an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) composed of a flexible polymer network and a stiff polymer network. First, we find that there is an optimal chain stiffness for a single network (SN) to achieve the best stress-strain behavior. Then we turn to study the mechanical behaviors of IPNs. The result shows that the stress-strain behaviors of the IPNs appreciably exceed the sum of that of the corresponding single flexible and stiff network, which highlights the advantage of the IPN structure. By systematically varying the stiffness of the stiff polymer network of the IPNs, optimal stiffness also exists to achieve the best performance. We attribute this to a much larger contribution of the non-bonded interaction energy. Last, the effect of the component concentration ratio is probed. With the increase of the concentration of the flexible network, the stress-strain behavior of the IPNs is gradually enhanced, while an optimized concentration (around 60% molar ration) of the stiff network occurs, which could result from the dominant role of the enthalpy rather than the entropy. In general, our work is expected to provide some guidelines to better tailor the mechanical properties of the IPNs made of a flexible network and a stiff network, by manipulating the stiffness of the stiff polymer network and the component concentration ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianxiang Shen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Naishen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, People's Republic of China. and Beijing Engineering Research Center of Advanced Elastomers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, People's Republic of China and Engineering Research Center of Elastomer Materials on Energy Conservation and Resources, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, People's Republic of China and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, People's Republic of China. and Beijing Engineering Research Center of Advanced Elastomers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, People's Republic of China and Engineering Research Center of Elastomer Materials on Energy Conservation and Resources, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, People's Republic of China and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, People's Republic of China and State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, People's Republic of China
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37
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Gavrilov AA. Effect of the Number of Subnetworks on the Topology and Mechanical Properties of Interpenetrating Networks: Computer Simulation. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x18010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Kim KC, Jang SS. Effects of thermal shrinkage temperatures and comonomers on thermal shrinkage of uniaxially-stretched PET copolymer films: a molecular dynamics simulation approach. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj05087a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thermal shrinkage ratios for PET copolymer models are correlated with the conformational change of polymer chains at molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Chul Kim
- Computational NanoBio Technology Laboratory
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Seung Soon Jang
- Computational NanoBio Technology Laboratory
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
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39
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Kerr-Phillips TE, Aydemir N, Chan EWC, Barker D, Malmström J, Plesse C, Travas-Sejdic J. Conducting electrospun fibres with polyanionic grafts as highly selective, label-free, electrochemical biosensor with a low detection limit for non-Hodgkin lymphoma gene. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 100:549-555. [PMID: 29017070 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A highly selective, label-free sensor for the non-Hodgkin lymphoma gene, with an aM detection limit, utilizing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is presented. The sensor consists of a conducting electrospun fibre mat, surface-grafted with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes and a conducting polymer sensing element with covalently attached oligonucleotide probes. The sensor was fabricated from electrospun NBR rubber, embedded with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), followed by grafting poly(acrylic acid) brushes and then electrochemically polymerizing a conducting polymer monomer with ssDNA probe sequence pre-attached. The resulting non-Hodgkin lymphoma gene sensor showed a detection limit of 1aM (1 × 10-18mol/L), more than 400 folds lower compared to a thin-film analogue. The sensor presented extraordinary selectivity, with only 1%, 2.7% and 4.6% of the signal recorded for the fully non-complimentary, T-A and G-C base mismatch oligonucleotide sequences, respectively. We suggest that such greatly enhanced selectivity is due to the presence of negatively charged carboxylic acid moieties from PAA grafts that electrostatically repel the non-complementary and mismatch DNA sequences, overcoming the non-specific binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Kerr-Phillips
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nihan Aydemir
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Eddie Wai Chi Chan
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Barker
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Malmström
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand; Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, 2-6 Park Avenue, Auckland, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Cedric Plesse
- LPPI-EA2528, Institut des Materiaux, 5 mail Gay Lussac, Neuville sur Oise, Cergy-Pontoise cedex 95031, France
| | - Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand.
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40
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Gosecki M, Kazmierski S, Gosecka M. Diffusion-Controllable Biomineralization Conducted In Situ in Hydrogels Based on Reversibly Cross-Linked Hyperbranched Polyglycidol. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:3418-3431. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gosecki
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular
Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Slawomir Kazmierski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular
Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Gosecka
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular
Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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41
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Jordan AM, Kim SE, Van de Voorde K, Pokorski JK, Korley LTJ. In Situ Fabrication of Fiber Reinforced Three-Dimensional Hydrogel Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:1869-1879. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Jordan
- Center for Layered Polymeric
Systems, Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Si-Eun Kim
- Center for Layered Polymeric
Systems, Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Kristen Van de Voorde
- Center for Layered Polymeric
Systems, Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - Jonathan K. Pokorski
- Center for Layered Polymeric
Systems, Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
| | - LaShanda T. J. Korley
- Center for Layered Polymeric
Systems, Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, United States
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42
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Torii Y, Sugimura N, Mitomo H, Niikura K, Ijiro K. pH-Responsive Coassembly of Oligo(ethylene glycol)-Coated Gold Nanoparticles with External Anionic Polymers via Hydrogen Bonding. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:5537-5544. [PMID: 28505438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive assembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with precise control of the plasmonic properties, assembly size, and stimuli responsivity has shown potential benefits with regard to biosensing devices and drug-delivery systems. Here we present a new pH-responsive coassembly system of oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG)-coated AuNPs with anionic polymers as an external mediator via hydrogen bonding in water. Hydrogen-bond-driven coassemblies of OEG-AuNPs with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were confirmed by the monitoring of plasmonic peaks and hydrodynamic diameters. In this system, the protonation of anionic polymers on change in pH triggered the formation of hydrogen bond between the OEG-AuNPs and polymers, providing sensitive pH responsivity. The plasmonic properties and assembly size are affected by both the ratio of PAA to AuNPs and the molecular weight of PAAs. In addition, the attachment of hydrophobic groups to the surface ligand or anionic polymer changed the responsive pH range. These results demonstrated that the coassembly with an external mediator via hydrogen bonding provides a stimuli-responsive assembly system with tunable plasmonic properties, assembly size, and stimuli responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Torii
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University , Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Sugimura
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University , Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Mitomo
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES), Hokkaido University , Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University , Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kenichi Niikura
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES), Hokkaido University , Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University , Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kuniharu Ijiro
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES), Hokkaido University , Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University , Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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43
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Xu D, Gersappe D. Structure formation in nanocomposite hydrogels. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:1853-1861. [PMID: 28177007 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02543a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We use molecular dynamics simulations to study structure formation in physically associating nanocomposite hydrogels. Nanofillers were modeled as rigid bodies of disk-like shapes and physical crosslinks were simulated by introducing a short-range attraction between the nanofillers and polymer chain ends. The structure, dynamics and mechanics of these polymer gels were studied as a function of nanofiller volume fraction. We observe the formation of a percolated network in the hydrogels, with an ordered local structure but disordered globally, as we increase the filler fraction. This locally ordered structure was a result of the anisotropy of the disk-like fillers. The dynamics of polymers showed significant caging effects in the gel state. Stress autocorrelation and elongation results were analyzed as a function of nano-filler concentrations. Comparisons with nanofillers of different shapes showed that disk-like nanofillers are more effective in strengthening the hydrogels than spherical nanofillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xu
- Department of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Dilip Gersappe
- Department of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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44
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Jing B, Wang X, Wang H, Qiu J, Shi Y, Gao H, Zhu Y. Shape and Mechanical Control of Poly(ethylene oxide) Based Polymersome with Polyoxometalates via Hydrogen Bond. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:1723-1730. [PMID: 28122183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b11759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymersomes are self-assembled vesicles of amphiphilic block copolymers and have been explored for wide applications from drug delivery to micro/nanoreactors. As polymersomes are soft and highly deformable, their shape instability due to osmolarity difference across polymer membranes and low elasticity could conversely limit their practical use. Instead of selecting particular polymer chemical reactions to enhance the mechanical properties, we have employed inorganic polyoxometalate (POM) clusters as simple physical cross-linkers to control the shape and mechanical stability of polymersomes in aqueous suspensions. Robust spherical shape with enhanced elastic and bending moduli of POM-dressed poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) based polymersomes is achieved. We have accounted for the hydrogen bonding between POM and PEO blocks for the adsorption and stabilization of POMS on polymersomes, whose interaction strength could also be tuned by mixing solvents of hydrogen bond donors or receptors with water. The stimuli-responsive properties of POMs are introduced in POM-dressed polymersomes upon the interaction of POMs with PEO blocks in aqueous media. As POM can be used as nanomedicines, catalysts, and other functional nanomaterials, POM-dressed polymersomes with significant shape and mechanical reinforcement could broaden the applications of PEO-based polymersomes and other PEO-tethered nanocolloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benxin Jing
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Jie Qiu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Haifeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Yingxi Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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45
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Gavrilov AA, Kos PI, Chertovich AV. Simulation of phase behavior and mechanical properties of ideal interpenetrating networks. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x16060067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Wang Y, Sukhishvili SA. Hydrogen-bonded polymer complexes and nanocages of weak polyacids templated by a Pluronic® block copolymer. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:8744-8754. [PMID: 27722711 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01869f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the phase behavior, morphology, and temperature response of hydrogen-bonded assemblies formed by a triblock copolymer Pluronic® F127 (F127) and polycarboxylic acids of varied hydrophobicity and chain lengths. As confirmed by FTIR, the complexes of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) with F127 at acidic pH were stabilized by multiple hydrogen bonding between carboxylic acid groups of polyacids and ether groups of F127. The colloidal stability of the polyacid/F127 complexes (their occurrence as stable dispersions, slowly coagulating dispersions or precipitates) was dependent on the composition of complexes, polyacid molecular weight and hydrophobicity, as well as temperature. For both polyacids, complexes could not be solubilized in excess of polyacids, but excess of F127 resulted in the formation of colloidally stable nanostructured clusters whose size could be controlled from tens to hundreds of nanometers by the polyacid-to-F127 ratio, temperature, and the polyacid molecular weight. Hydrophobicity of polyacids had a dramatic effect on the temperature response of Pluronic®-enriched assemblies. While PMAA suppressed the LCST behavior of F127 due to binding within the temperature-responsive PPO core of F127, more hydrophilic PAA allowed F127 micellization and supported reversible, temperature-induced re-structuring of PAA-F127 clusters. At temperatures above the LCST of Pluronic®, low-molecular-weight PAA formed nanosized dispersed complexes, in which the polyacid chains were wrapped around individual F127 micelles. Chemical crosslinking of PAA in the shells of these complexes followed by removal of the templating F127 cores resulted in easy-to-prepare monodisperse pH-responsive polymer nanocages with controllable size and swelling amplitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, 507 River Street, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, USA
| | - Svetlana A Sukhishvili
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, 575 Ross St., College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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47
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Vergara A. Use of Kirkwood-Buff Integrals for Extracting Distinct Diffusion Coefficients in Macromolecule-Solvent Mixtures. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201600040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vergara
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Napoli “Federico II,”; Via Cinthia; Complesso di Monte S. Angelo; 80126 Napoli Italy
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48
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Demianenko P, Minisini B, Ortelli G, Lamrani M, Poncin-Epaillard F. Computing thermomechanical properties of dry homopolymers used as raw materials for formulation of biomedical hydrogels. J Mol Model 2016; 22:159. [PMID: 27312711 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Different static properties have been calculated with COMPASS force field for polyacrylamide, poly(2-hydroxyethylacrylate) (HEA), poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (HEMA), poly(glycidylmethacrylate) (GMA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethylmethacrylate) (TFEM). For each polymers, the calculated values were averaged on five equilibrated configurations of amorphous cell composed of one atactic chain containing 100 repeat units. The ranking obtained from the densities calculated at 300 K is TFEM > HEA ≈ xpolycrylamide > HEMA ≈ GMA > PEG. Concerning the glass transition temperature we have obtained polyacrylamide > HEMA ≈ GMA ≈ HEA > PEG, and polyacrylamide > HEMA ≈ HEA > GMA ≈ PEG > TFEM for the bulk modulus. The calculated results, when available, have been compared with experimental data coming from literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Demianenko
- ISMANS, Avenue Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, 72000, Le Mans Cedex, France
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans - département Polymères, LUNAM Université, UMR Université du Maine - CNRS n° 6283, Colloïdes et Interfaces, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Minisini
- ISMANS, Avenue Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, 72000, Le Mans Cedex, France.
| | - Gabriel Ortelli
- ISMANS, Avenue Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, 72000, Le Mans Cedex, France
| | - Mouad Lamrani
- ISMANS, Avenue Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, 72000, Le Mans Cedex, France
| | - Fabienne Poncin-Epaillard
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans - département Polymères, LUNAM Université, UMR Université du Maine - CNRS n° 6283, Colloïdes et Interfaces, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex, France
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49
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Liang Z, Gao T, Xu J, Li Z, Liu X, Liu F. Mechanical properties and network structure of hydrophobic association hydrogels prepared from octylphenol polyoxyethylene(7) acrylate and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Chem Res Chin Univ 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-015-5122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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50
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Salahshoor H, Tootkaboni M, Rahbar N. Nanoscale Structure and Mechanical Properties of Cross-Linked Hydrogels. JOURNAL OF NANOMECHANICS AND MICROMECHANICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1061/(asce)nm.2153-5477.0000091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Salahshoor
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 270 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0150; formerly, Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, MA 01609
| | - Mazdak Tootkaboni
- Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA
| | - Nima Rahbar
- Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, MA 01609 (corresponding author)
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