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Yuan EH, Han R, Deng JY, Zhou W, Zhou A. Acceleration of Zeolite Crystallization: Current Status, Mechanisms, and Perspectives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29521-29546. [PMID: 38830265 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Zeolites are important classes of crystalline materials and possess well-defined channels and cages with molecular dimensions. They have been extensively employed as heterogeneous catalysts and gas adsorbents due to their relatively large specific surface areas, high pore volumes, compositional flexibility, definite acidity, and hydrothermal stability. The zeolite synthesis normally undergoes high-temperature hydrothermal treatments with a relatively long crystallization time, which exhibits low synthesis efficiency and high energy consumption. Various strategies, e.g., modulation of the synthesis gel compositions, employment of special silica/aluminum sources, addition of seeds, fluoride, hydroxyl (·OH) free radical initiators, and organic additives, regulation of the crystallization conditions, development of new approaches, etc., have been developed to overcome these obstacles. And, these achievements make prominent contributions to the topic of acceleration of the zeolite crystallization and promote the fundamental understanding of the zeolite formation mechanism. However, there is a lack of the comprehensive summary and analysis on them. Herein, we provide an overview of the recent achievements, highlight the significant progress in the past decades on the developments of novel and remarkable strategies to accelerate the crystallization of zeolites, and basically divide them into three main types, i.e., chemical methods, physical methods, and the derived new approaches. The principles/acceleration mechanisms, effectiveness, versatility, and degree of reality for the corresponding approaches are thoroughly discussed and summarized. Finally, the rational design of the prospective strategies for the fast synthesis of zeolites is commented on and envisioned. The information gathered here is expected to provide solid guidance for developing a more effective route to improve the zeolite crystallization and obtain the functional zeolite-based materials with more shortened durations and lowered cost and further promote their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Hui Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Rui Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jun-Yu Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Wenwu Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Anning Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
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Kordala N, Wyszkowski M. Zeolite Properties, Methods of Synthesis, and Selected Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:1069. [PMID: 38474578 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Zeolites, a group of minerals with unique properties, have been known for more than 250 years. However, it was the development of methods for hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites and their large-scale industrial applications (oil processing, agriculture, production of detergents and building materials, water treatment processes, etc.) that made them one of the most important materials of the 20th century, with great practical and research significance. The orderly, homogeneous crystalline and porous structure of zeolites, their susceptibility to various modifications, and their useful physicochemical properties contribute to the continuous expansion of their practical applications in both large-volume processes (ion exchange, adsorption, separation of mixture components, catalysis) and specialized ones (sensors). The following review of the knowledge available in the literature on zeolites aims to present the most important information on the properties, synthesis methods, and selected applications of this group of aluminosilicates. Special attention is given to the use of zeolites in agriculture and environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kordala
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Łódzki 4 Sq., 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mirosław Wyszkowski
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Łódzki 4 Sq., 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
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Rodrigues BS, Vicente MRS, Souza JS. Investigating the role of microwave thermal and non-thermal effects on WO 3-graphene oxide composite synthesis. RSC Adv 2023; 13:26794-26803. [PMID: 37681050 PMCID: PMC10481384 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of microwave-assisted synthesis on the morphology and crystalline structure of WO3-graphene oxide (GO) composites have been investigated. Using two different microwave reactors, evidence supports that thermal and non-thermal effects significantly influence the properties of the synthesized materials. The findings reveal that the microwave cavity geometry affects how the microwaves are "delivered" to the reactional cavity as a function of time; it also orientates the growth process of the WO3 particles. Consequently, the crystalline structure and morphology are affected. As a result, the WO3-GO composites produced using a CEM reactor exhibit a rounded shape and hexagonal phase of WO3, besides enhanced reduction of GO. Whereas the composites made using an Anton-Paar reactor are composed of sheets and flowers of WO3 with hexagonal, triclinic and/or WO3 hydrate structures and cause a lower reduction on the GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara S Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC Santo André 09210-580 SP Brazil
| | - Marcos R S Vicente
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC Santo André 09210-580 SP Brazil
| | - Juliana S Souza
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC Santo André 09210-580 SP Brazil
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Dantelle G, Beauquis S, Le Dantec R, Monnier V, Galez C, Mugnier Y. Solution-Based Synthesis Routes for the Preparation of Noncentrosymmetric 0-D Oxide Nanocrystals with Perovskite and Nonperovskite Structures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200992. [PMID: 35691941 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the miniaturization of electronic-based devices, the foreseen potential of new optical nanoprobes and the assessment of eventual size and shape effects, elaboration of multifunctional noncentrosymmetric nanocrystals with ferroelectric, pyroelectric, piezoelectric, and nonlinear optical properties are the subject of an increasing research interest. Here, the recent achievements from the solution-based methods (coprecipitation in homogeneous and nanostructured media, sol-gel processes including various chemistries and hydro/solvothermal techniques) to prepare 0-D perovskite and nonperovskite oxides in the 5-500 nm size range are critically reviewed. To cover a representative list of covalent- and ionic-type materials, BaTiO3 and its derivatives, niobate compounds (i.e., K/Na/LiNbO3 ), multiferroic BiFeO3, and crystals of lower symmetry including KTiOPO4 and some iodate compounds such as Fe(IO3 )3 and La(IO3 )3 are systematically in focus. The resulting size, morphology, and aggregation state are discussed in light of the proposed formation mechanisms. Because of a higher complexity related to their chemical composition and crystalline structures, improving the rational design of these multifunctional oxides in terms of finely-tuned compositions, crystalline hosts and structure-property relationships still need in the future a special attention of the research community to the detailed understanding of the reaction pathways and crystallization mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Dantelle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | | | - Ronan Le Dantec
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, SYMME, Annecy, F-74000, France
| | - Virginie Monnier
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully, 69130, France
| | - Christine Galez
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, SYMME, Annecy, F-74000, France
| | - Yannick Mugnier
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, SYMME, Annecy, F-74000, France
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Liu P, Xia T, Nie S, Guo Q, Xu C, Shen B. Strategy for Synthesis of Zeolite Y by Artificial Fish Reef Breeding Negative Crystals. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00328g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Y zeolite is presently used to be an important active component in oil refining catalysts. The efficient synthesis of NaY zeolite remains many huge challenges. Herein, a novel method of...
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Wang B, Yu H, Wang M, Han L, Wang J, Bao W, Chang L. Microwave synthesis conditions dependent catalytic performance of hydrothermally aged CuII-SSZ-13 for NH3-SCR of NO. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Thiquynhxuan Le, Wang T, Ravindra AV, Xuxiang Y, Ju S, Zhang L. Fast Synthesis of Submicron Zeolite Y Using Microwave Heating. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158421030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Synthesis of Pure Phase NaP2 Zeolite from the Gel of NaY by Conventional and Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Methods. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The gel of zeolite NaY has potential as a precursor of other zeolites. The particular interest in this work is to convert the gel of NaY to NaP2. We found that the pure phase NaP2 can be produced simply by the conventional hydrothermal (CH) method at 150 °C for 24 h. This NaP2 sample, named CH150, has an average particle size of 10.3 µm and an Si/Al ratio of 1.82. In the case of single crystallization via microwave-assisted hydrothermal (MH) method, various parameters were studied, including the crystallization temperature (90, 150, 175 °C) and time (15, 30, 45, 60 min). The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. However, mixed phases of P1 and P2 or ANA were obtained from all samples. Another attempt was made by a double crystallization via MH method as followed: at 90 °C for 1 h, quickly cooled down to room temperature in the microwave chamber and aged for 23 h, and finally at 150 °C for 1 h. The sample, named MH90A150, has an average crystal size of 16.45 µm and an Si/Al ratio of 1.85. The high Al content of NaP2 in both samples (CH150 and MH90A150) could lead to interesting applications.
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Regny S, Suffren Y, Leynaud O, Gautier-Luneau I, Dantelle G. Evidence of reaction intermediates in microwave-assisted synthesis of SHG active α-La(IO 3) 3nanocrystals. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00156b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Highlighting the lanthanum iodates compounds and phase transformations through microwave-assisted hydrothermal syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Regny
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- Grenoble INP
- Institut Néel
- 38000 Grenoble
| | - Yan Suffren
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS UMR 6226 "Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes"
- F 35708 Rennes
- France
| | - Olivier Leynaud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- Grenoble INP
- Institut Néel
- 38000 Grenoble
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Nasser GA, Muraza O, Nishitoba T, Malaibari Z, Yamani ZH, Al-Shammari TK, Yokoi T. Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of CHA Zeolite for Methanol-to-Olefins Reaction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Toshiki Nishitoba
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Toshiyuki Yokoi
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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Peng C, Liu Z, Okubo T, Wakihara T. Fast Synthesis of SSZ-24: A Pure Silica Zeolite with AFI Framework. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Peng
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okubo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Toru Wakihara
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Bunmai K, Osakoo N, Deekamwong K, Rongchapo W, Keawkumay C, Chanlek N, Prayoonpokarach S, Wittayakun J. Extraction of silica from cogon grass and utilization for synthesis of zeolite NaY by conventional and microwave-assisted hydrothermal methods. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Askari S, Bashardoust Siahmard A, Halladj R, Miar Alipour S. Different techniques and their effective parameters in nano SAPO-34 synthesis: A review. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
This paper presents the formation of highly crystalline ZIF-8 using microwave-assisted solvothermal method. The crystallinity of the ZIF-8 particles was characterized using X-ray diffraction. The lattice vibrations of the structure in the ZIF-8 framework were determined through Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy. The morphology of the ZIF-8 particles was observed through scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that, 0.5 hour was sufficient for the formation of highly crystalline ZIF-8 particles using microwave-assisted solvothermal method under temperature 120 oC.
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Zhu YJ, Chen F. Microwave-assisted preparation of inorganic nanostructures in liquid phase. Chem Rev 2014; 114:6462-555. [PMID: 24897552 DOI: 10.1021/cr400366s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
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Sun W, Qian C, Mastronardi ML, Wei M, Ozin GA. Hydrosilylation kinetics of silicon nanocrystals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:11361-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47212d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Klinowski J, Almeida Paz FA, Silva P, Rocha J. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Metal–Organic Frameworks. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:321-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00708k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pallavkar S, Kim TH, Lin J, Hopper J, Ho T, Jo HJ, Lee JH. Microwave-Assisted Noncatalytic Destruction of Volatile Organic Compounds Using Ceramic-Based Microwave Absorbing Media. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie1009734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Pallavkar
- Departments of Chemical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and Civil Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University of Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Kim
- Departments of Chemical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and Civil Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University of Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jerry Lin
- Departments of Chemical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and Civil Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University of Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jack Hopper
- Departments of Chemical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and Civil Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University of Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Thomas Ho
- Departments of Chemical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and Civil Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University of Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Jo
- Departments of Chemical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and Civil Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University of Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Hui Lee
- Departments of Chemical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and Civil Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University of Technology, Seoul, Korea
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Bilecka I, Niederberger M. Microwave chemistry for inorganic nanomaterials synthesis. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:1358-74. [PMID: 20845524 DOI: 10.1039/b9nr00377k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 436] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This Feature Article gives an overview of microwave-assisted liquid phase routes to inorganic nanomaterials. Whereas microwave chemistry is a well-established technique in organic synthesis, its use in inorganic nanomaterials' synthesis is still at the beginning and far away from having reached its full potential. However, the rapidly growing number of publications in this field suggests that microwave chemistry will play an outstanding role in the broad field of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. This article is not meant to give an exhaustive overview of all nanomaterials synthesized by the microwave technique, but to discuss the new opportunities that arise as a result of the unique features of microwave chemistry. Principles, advantages and limitations of microwave chemistry are introduced, its application in the synthesis of different classes of functional nanomaterials is discussed, and finally expected benefits for nanomaterials' synthesis are elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idalia Bilecka
- Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Gharibeh M, Tompsett GA, Yngvesson KS, Conner WC. Microwave Synthesis of Zeolites: Effect of Power Delivery. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:8930-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jp900400d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murad Gharibeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 159 Goessmann Lab, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Geoffrey A. Tompsett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 159 Goessmann Lab, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - K. Sigfrid Yngvesson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 159 Goessmann Lab, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - W. Curtis Conner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 159 Goessmann Lab, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Gharibeh M, Tompsett G, Lu F, Auerbach SM, Yngvesson KS, Conner WC. Temperature Distributions within Zeolite Precursor Solutions in the Presence of Microwaves. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:12506-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jp900394u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murad Gharibeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 159 Goessmann Laboratory, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, Department of Chemistry, 104 Lederle Graduate Research Tower, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Geoffrey Tompsett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 159 Goessmann Laboratory, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, Department of Chemistry, 104 Lederle Graduate Research Tower, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Fan Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 159 Goessmann Laboratory, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, Department of Chemistry, 104 Lederle Graduate Research Tower, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Scott M. Auerbach
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 159 Goessmann Laboratory, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, Department of Chemistry, 104 Lederle Graduate Research Tower, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - K. Sigfrid Yngvesson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 159 Goessmann Laboratory, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, Department of Chemistry, 104 Lederle Graduate Research Tower, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - W. C. Conner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, 159 Goessmann Laboratory, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, Department of Chemistry, 104 Lederle Graduate Research Tower, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Gharibeh M, Tompsett GA, Conner WC, Yngvesson KS. Microwave Synthesis of SAPO-11 and AlPO-11: Aspects of Reactor Engineering. Chemphyschem 2008; 9:2580-91. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200800491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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