1
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Kasuk KA, Nerut J, Grozovski V, Lust E, Kucernak A. Design and Impact: Navigating the Electrochemical Characterization Methods for Supported Catalysts. ACS Catal 2024; 14:11949-11966. [PMID: 39169910 PMCID: PMC11334114 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c03271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
This review will investigate the impact of electrochemical characterization method design choices on intrinsic catalyst activity measurements by predominantly using the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on supported catalysts as a model reaction. The wider use of hydrogen for transportation or electrical grid stabilization requires improvements in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance. One of the areas for improvement is the (ORR) catalyst efficiency and durability. Research and development of the traditional platinum-based catalysts have commonly been performed using rotating disk electrodes (RDE), rotating ring disk electrodes (RRDE), and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). However, the mass transport conditions of RDE and RRDE limit their usefulness in characterizing supported catalysts at high current densities, and MEA characterizations can be complex, lengthy, and costly. Ultramicroelectrode with a catalyst-filled cavity addresses some of these problems, but with limited success. Due to the properties discussed in this review, the recent floating electrode (FE) and the gas diffusion electrode (GDE) methods offer additional capabilities in the electrochemical characterization process. With the FE technique, the intrinsic activity of catalysts for ORR can be investigated, leading to a better understanding of the ORR mechanism through more reliable experimental data from application-relevant high-mass transport conditions. The GDEs are helpful bridging tools between RDE and MEA experiments, simplifying the fuel cell and electrolyzer manufacturing and operating optimization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Ander Kasuk
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Nerut
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vitali Grozovski
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Enn Lust
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anthony Kucernak
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, W12 7TA London, United Kingdom
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2
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Giotakos P, Neophytides S. Unraveling the elusive Oxygen Reduction Reaction electrokinetics and energetics in PEM Fuel Cells. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Yang L, Hou S, Zhu S, Shi Z, Wang X, Jiang J, Chu Y, Bai J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Jiang Z, Liu C, Xing W, Ge J. Stabilizing Pt Electrocatalysts via Introducing Reducible Oxide Support as Reservoir of Electrons and Oxygen Species. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, USTC, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shuai Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Siyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, USTC, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhaoping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, USTC, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, USTC, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiadong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yuyi Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, USTC, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jingsen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, USTC, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang National Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang National Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Changpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, USTC, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, USTC, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Junjie Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, USTC, Hefei 230026, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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4
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Drexler M, Abdelhafiz A, Howe J, Eres G, Alamgir F. Carbon nanotubes decorated with Pt as a viable electrocatalyst system using electrochemical atomic layer deposition. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Sabharwal M, Secanell M. Understanding the effect of porosity and pore size distribution on low loading catalyst layers. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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6
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Gomes BF, Prokop M, Bystron T, Loukrakpam R, Lobo CM, Kutter M, Günther TE, Fink M, Bouzek K, Roth C. Effect of phosphoric acid purity on the electrochemically active surface area of Pt-based electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Sakaushi K, Watanabe A, Kumeda T, Shibuta Y. Fast-Decoding Algorithm for Electrode Processes at Electrified Interfaces by Mean-Field Kinetic Model and Bayesian Data Assimilation: An Active-Data-Mining Approach for the Efficient Search and Discovery of Electrocatalysts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:22889-22902. [PMID: 35135188 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The microscopic origins of the activity and selectivity of electrocatalysts has been a long-lasting enigma since the 19th century. By applying an active-data-mining approach, employing a mean-field kinetic model and a statistical approach of Bayesian data assimilation, we demonstrate here a fast decoding to extract key properties in the kinetics of complicated electrode processes from current-potential profiles in experimental and literary data. As the proof-of-concept, kinetic parameters on the four-electron oxygen reduction reaction in the 0.1 M HClO4 solution (ORR: O2 + 4e- + 4H+ → 2H2O) of various platinum-based single-crystal electrocatalysts are extracted from our own experiments and third-party literature to investigate the microscopic electrode processes. Furthermore, data assimilation of the mean-field ORR model and experimental data is performed based on Bayesian inference for the inductive estimation of kinetic parameters, which sheds light on the dynamic behavior of kinetic parameters with respect to overpotential. This work shows that a fast-decoding algorithm based on a mean-field kinetic model and Bayesian data assimilation is a promising data-driven approach to extract key microscopic features of complicated electrode processes and therefore will be an important method toward building up advanced human-machine collaborations for the efficient search and discovery of high-performance electrochemical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Sakaushi
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Aoi Watanabe
- Department of Materials Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kumeda
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shibuta
- Department of Materials Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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8
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GUNJI T. Preparation of Ordered Intermetallic Compounds and Their Application in Electrocatalytic Reactions. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.21-00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takao GUNJI
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa University
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9
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Effect of platinum dispersity, platinum loading and Pt-Oxide coverage on oxygen reduction reaction in PEMFC-Cathode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Haider R, Wen Y, Ma ZF, Wilkinson DP, Zhang L, Yuan X, Song S, Zhang J. High temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells: progress in advanced materials and key technologies. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 50:1138-1187. [PMID: 33245736 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00296h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
High temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) are one type of promising energy device with the advantages of fast reaction kinetics (high energy efficiency), high tolerance to fuel/air impurities, simple plate design, and better heat and water management. They have been expected to be the next generation of PEMFCs specifically for application in hydrogen-fueled automobile vehicles and combined heat and power (CHP) systems. However, their high-cost and low durability interposed by the insufficient performance of key materials such as electrocatalysts and membranes at high temperature operation are still the challenges hindering the technology's practical applications. To develop high performance HT-PEMFCs, worldwide researchers have been focusing on exploring new materials and the related technologies by developing novel synthesis methods and innovative assembly techniques, understanding degradation mechanisms, and creating mitigation strategies with special emphasis on catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction, proton exchange membranes and bipolar plates. In this paper, the state-of-the-art development of HT-PEMFC key materials, components and device assembly along with degradation mechanisms, mitigation strategies, and HT-PEMFC based CHP systems is comprehensively reviewed. In order to facilitate further research and development of HT-PEMFCs toward practical applications, the existing challenges are also discussed and several future research directions are proposed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Haider
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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11
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Chen W, Xiang Q, Peng T, Song C, Shang W, Deng T, Wu J. Reconsidering the Benchmarking Evaluation of Catalytic Activity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction. iScience 2020; 23:101532. [PMID: 33083712 PMCID: PMC7516295 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on electrocatalysts represents a major obstacle in the development of fuel cell technology. A tremendous amount of work has reported the increasing ORR activity for catalysts. Nevertheless, when applied to practical Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA, an assembled stack of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell) configuration, the high-performance catalysts on the rotating disk electrode (RDE) may not display the same high activity as in the lab-scale tests. This led us to reexamine the ORR evaluation based on the RDE technique. With the development of high active electrocatalysts, it may become significant to determine the reasonable kinetic current at a conventional fixed potential approaching the limited current by using the Koutecky-Levich (K-L) technique on RDE for the evaluation of ORR activity. Here we describe such a challenging situation and systematically discuss the proper kinetic region when comparing the ORR activity with the unsuitable potential or Pt loading based on the K-L technique. Furthermore, the rational benchmarking guidelines are given for the evaluation of the ORR electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.,Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.,Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
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12
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Dickinson EJ, Wain AJ. The Butler-Volmer equation in electrochemical theory: Origins, value, and practical application. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Zalitis C, Kucernak A, Lin X, Sharman J. Electrochemical Measurement of Intrinsic Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity at High Current Densities as a Function of Particle Size for Pt4–xCox/C (x = 0, 1, 3) Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Zalitis
- Johnson Matthey Technical Centre, Blounts Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Kucernak
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoqian Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Sharman
- Johnson Matthey Technical Centre, Blounts Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, United Kingdom
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14
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George TY, Asset T, Avid A, Atanassov P, Zenyuk IV. Kinetic Isotope Effect as a Tool To Investigate the Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Pt‐based Electrocatalysts – Part I: High‐loading Pt/C and Pt Extended Surface. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:469-475. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201901091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Y. George
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringTufts University Medford, MA USA
| | - Tristan Asset
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine Irvine, CA USA
- National Fuel Cell Research CenterUniversity of California Irvine Irvine, CA USA
| | - Arezoo Avid
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine Irvine, CA USA
- National Fuel Cell Research CenterUniversity of California Irvine Irvine, CA USA
| | - Plamen Atanassov
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine Irvine, CA USA
- National Fuel Cell Research CenterUniversity of California Irvine Irvine, CA USA
| | - Iryna V. Zenyuk
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine Irvine, CA USA
- National Fuel Cell Research CenterUniversity of California Irvine Irvine, CA USA
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15
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Beyond thermodynamic-based material-screening concepts: Kinetic scaling relations exemplified by the chlorine evolution reaction over transition-metal oxides. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Li Y, Liu ZF. Solvated proton and the origin of the high onset overpotential in the oxygen reduction reaction on Pt(111). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:22226-22235. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04211k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
For the hydrogenation of O atoms on Pt(111), protonation can be bypassed by hydrolysis as the electrode potential rises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Li
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Modeling and Computation
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Zhi-Feng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Modeling and Computation
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute
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17
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Electrocatalytic Activities towards the Electrochemical Oxidation of Formic Acid and Oxygen Reduction Reactions over Bimetallic, Trimetallic and Core–Shell-Structured Pd-Based Materials. INORGANICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics7030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural design of nanosized electrocatalysts is extremely important for cathodic oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) and anodic oxidation reactions in small organic compounds in direct fuel cells. While Pt is still the most commonly used electrode material for ORR, the Pd electrocatalyst is a promising alternative to Pt, because it exhibits much higher electrocatalytic activity towards formic acid electrooxidation, and the electrocatalytic activity of ORR on the Pd electrode is the higher than that of all other precious metals, except for Pt. In addition, the mass activity of Pt in a core–shell structure for ORR can be improved significantly by using Pd and Pd-based materials as core materials. Herein, we review various nanoscale Pd-based bimetallic, trimetallic and core–shell electrocatalysts for formic acid oxidation and ORR of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). This review paper is separated into two major topics: the electrocatalytic activity towards formic acid oxidation over various Pd-based electrocatalysts, and the activity of ORR on Pd-based materials and Pd core–Pt shell structures.
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18
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Unnikrishnan A, Rajalakshmi N, Janardhanan VM. Kinetics of electrochemical charge transfer in HT-PEM fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.09.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Giotakos P, Neophytides S. Physical modeling of the electrochemical impedance spectra for the O2 reduction reaction in HTPEM fuel cells’ cathodic electrochemical interface. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Reaction mechanism for oxygen evolution on RuO2, IrO2, and RuO2@IrO2 core-shell nanocatalysts. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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22
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Exner KS, Sohrabnejad-Eskan I, Over H. A Universal Approach To Determine the Free Energy Diagram of an Electrocatalytic Reaction. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai S. Exner
- Physical
Chemistry Department, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- University of Sofia, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
Department of Physical Chemistry, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iman Sohrabnejad-Eskan
- Physical
Chemistry Department, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Herbert Over
- Physical
Chemistry Department, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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23
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Unnikrishnan A, Rajalakshmi N, Janardhanan VM. Mechanistic modeling of electrochemical charge transfer in HT-PEM fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.12.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Huang J, Zhang J, Eikerling M. Unifying theoretical framework for deciphering the oxygen reduction reaction on platinum. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:11776-11786. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01315b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A theoretical framework relates formation of oxygen intermediates to basic electronic and electrostatic properties of the catalytic surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
- Department of Automotive Engineering
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Department of Automotive Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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25
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Xu S, Kim Y, Higgins D, Yusuf M, Jaramillo TF, Prinz FB. Building upon the Koutecky-Levich Equation for Evaluation of Next-Generation Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.09.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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26
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27
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Exner KS, Over H. Kinetics of Electrocatalytic Reactions from First-Principles: A Critical Comparison with the Ab Initio Thermodynamics Approach. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:1240-1247. [PMID: 28463492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Multielectron processes in electrochemistry require the stabilization of reaction intermediates (RI) at the electrode surface after every elementary reaction step. Accordingly, the bond strengths of these intermediates are important for assessing the catalytic performance of an electrode material. Current understanding of microscopic processes in modern electrocatalysis research is largely driven by theory, mostly based on ab initio thermodynamics considerations, where stable reaction intermediates at the electrode surface are identified, while the actual free energy barriers (or activation barriers) are ignored. This simple approach is popular in electrochemistry in that the researcher has a simple tool at hand in successfully searching for promising electrode materials. The ab initio TD approach allows for a rough but fast screening of the parameter space with low computational cost. However, ab initio thermodynamics is also frequently employed (often, even based on a single binding energy only) to comprehend on the activity and on the mechanism of an electrochemical reaction. The basic idea is that the activation barrier of an endergonic reaction step consists of a thermodynamic part and an additional kinetically determined barrier. Assuming that the activation barrier scales with thermodynamics (so-called Brønsted-Polanyi-Evans (BEP) relation) and the kinetic part of the barrier is small, ab initio thermodynamics may provide molecular insights into the electrochemical reaction kinetics. However, for many electrocatalytic reactions, these tacit assumptions are violated so that ab initio thermodynamics will lead to contradictions with both experimental data and ab initio kinetics. In this Account, we will discuss several electrochemical key reactions, including chlorine evolution (CER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and oxygen reduction (ORR), where ab initio kinetics data are available in order to critically compare the results with those derived from a simple ab initio thermodynamics treatment. We show that ab initio thermodynamics leads to erroneous conclusions about kinetic and mechanistic aspects for the CER over RuO2(110), while the kinetics of the OER over RuO2(110) and ORR over Pt(111) are reasonably well described. Microkinetics of an electrocatalyzed reaction is largely simplified by the quasi-equilibria of the RI preceding the rate-determining step (rds) with the reactants. Therefore, in ab initio kinetics the rate of an electrocatalyzed reaction is governed by the transition state (TS) with the highest free energy Grds#, defining also the rate-determining step (rds). Ab initio thermodynamics may be even more powerful, when using the highest free energy of an reaction intermediate Gmax(RI) rather than the highest free energy difference between consecutive reaction intermediates, ΔGloss, as a descriptor for the kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai S. Exner
- Physical
Chemistry Department, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring
17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute
of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Herbert Over
- Physical
Chemistry Department, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring
17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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28
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Chen S, Thota S, Singh G, Aímola TJ, Koenigsmann C, Zhao J. Synthesis of hollow Pt–Ag nanoparticles by oxygen-assisted acid etching as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07721a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hollow Pt–Ag nanoparticles synthesized by oxygen assisted acid etching exhibited high specific activity and durability as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutang Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Connecticut
- Storrs
- USA
| | - Sravan Thota
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Connecticut
- Storrs
- USA
| | | | | | | | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Connecticut
- Storrs
- USA
- Institute of Materials Science
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29
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Matin MA, Kumar A, Bhosale RR, Saleh Saad MAH, Almomani FA, Al-Marri MJ. PdZn nanoparticle electrocatalysts synthesized by solution combustion for methanol oxidation reaction in an alkaline medium. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07013f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of PdZn nanoparticle (NP) electrocatalysts for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR).
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Matin
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Qatar University
- Doha
- Qatar
| | - A. Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Qatar University
- Doha
- Qatar
| | - R. R. Bhosale
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Qatar University
- Doha
- Qatar
| | | | - F. A. Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Qatar University
- Doha
- Qatar
| | - M. J. Al-Marri
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Qatar University
- Doha
- Qatar
- Gas Processing Center
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30
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Ikeshoji T, Otani M. Toward full simulation of the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction on Pt using first-principles and kinetic calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:4447-4453. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08466d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
First-principles molecular dynamics gave the kinetic and redox parameters of the oxygen reduction reaction in a fuel cell using a bias control scheme, and gave the current–voltage relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamio Ikeshoji
- Fuel Cell Cutting-Edge Research Center Technology Research Association (FC-Cubic)
- Tokyo 135-0064
- Japan
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Minoru Otani
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Tsukuba 305-8568
- Japan
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31
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Elucidating challenges of reactions with correlated reactant and product binding energies on an example of oxygen reduction reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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32
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Shleev S, Andoralov V, Pankratov D, Falk M, Aleksejeva O, Blum Z. Oxygen Electroreduction versus Bioelectroreduction: Direct Electron Transfer Approach. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Shleev
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society; Malmö University, Skåne; 20506 Malmö Sweden
- Kurchatov NBICS Centre; National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”; 123182 Moscow Russia
| | | | - Dmitry Pankratov
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society; Malmö University, Skåne; 20506 Malmö Sweden
- Kurchatov NBICS Centre; National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”; 123182 Moscow Russia
| | - Magnus Falk
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society; Malmö University, Skåne; 20506 Malmö Sweden
- NanoFlex Limited, iTac, Daresbury Laboratory; Sci-Tech Daresbury; Keckwick Lane Daresbury WA4 4AD United Kingdom
| | - Olga Aleksejeva
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society; Malmö University, Skåne; 20506 Malmö Sweden
| | - Zoltan Blum
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society; Malmö University, Skåne; 20506 Malmö Sweden
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33
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Hu J, Wu L, Kuttiyiel KA, Goodman KR, Zhang C, Zhu Y, Vukmirovic MB, White MG, Sasaki K, Adzic RR. Increasing Stability and Activity of Core–Shell Catalysts by Preferential Segregation of Oxide on Edges and Vertexes: Oxygen Reduction on Ti–Au@Pt/C. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9294-300. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Hu
- Institute
of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | | | | | - Kenneth R. Goodman
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Chengxu Zhang
- Institute
of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | | | | | - Michael G. White
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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34
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35
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Arce MD, Fernández JL. Oxygen reduction to water operating through the Direct (or Dissociative) Route: Descriptive and fitting capabilities of polarization curves. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.09.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Markiewicz M, Zalitis C, Kucernak A. Performance measurements and modelling of the ORR on fuel cell electrocatalysts – the modified double trap model. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Eslamibidgoli MJ, Eikerling MH. Electrochemical Formation of Reactive Oxygen Species at Pt (111)—A Density Functional Theory Study. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad J. Eslamibidgoli
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888
University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5A 1S6
| | - Michael H. Eikerling
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888
University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5A 1S6
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38
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Shinagawa T, Garcia-Esparza AT, Takanabe K. Insight on Tafel slopes from a microkinetic analysis of aqueous electrocatalysis for energy conversion. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13801. [PMID: 26348156 PMCID: PMC4642571 DOI: 10.1038/srep13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 975] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Microkinetic analyses of aqueous electrochemistry involving gaseous H2 or O2, i.e., hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), are revisited. The Tafel slopes used to evaluate the rate determining steps generally assume extreme coverage of the adsorbed species (θ≈0 or ≈1), although, in practice, the slopes are coverage-dependent. We conducted detailed kinetic analyses describing the coverage-dependent Tafel slopes for the aforementioned reactions. Our careful analyses provide a general benchmark for experimentally observed Tafel slopes that can be assigned to specific rate determining steps. The Tafel analysis is a powerful tool for discussing the rate determining steps involved in electrocatalysis, but our study also demonstrated that overly simplified assumptions led to an inaccurate description of the surface electrocatalysis. Additionally, in many studies, Tafel analyses have been performed in conjunction with the Butler-Volmer equation, where its applicability regarding only electron transfer kinetics is often overlooked. Based on the derived kinetic description of the HER/HOR as an example, the limitation of Butler-Volmer expression in electrocatalysis is also discussed in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Shinagawa
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 4700 KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angel T. Garcia-Esparza
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 4700 KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kazuhiro Takanabe
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 4700 KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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39
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Jinnouchi R, Kodama K, Suzuki T, Morimoto Y. Kinetically induced irreversibility in electro-oxidation and reduction of Pt surface. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:184709. [PMID: 25978907 DOI: 10.1063/1.4920974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A mean field kinetic model was developed for electrochemical oxidations and reductions of Pt(111) on the basis of density functional theory calculations, and the reaction mechanisms were analyzed. The model reasonably describes asymmetric shapes of cyclic voltammograms and small Tafel slopes of relevant redox reactions observed in experiments without assuming any unphysical forms of rate equations. Simulations using the model indicate that the oxidation of Pt(111) proceeds via an electrochemical oxidation from Pt to PtOH and a disproportionation reaction from PtOH to PtO and Pt, while its reduction proceeds via two electrochemical reductions from PtO to PtOH and from PtOH to Pt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Jinnouchi
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. 41-1 Yokomichi Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Kensaku Kodama
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. 41-1 Yokomichi Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Takahisa Suzuki
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. 41-1 Yokomichi Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Yu Morimoto
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. 41-1 Yokomichi Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
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40
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Dai L, Xue Y, Qu L, Choi HJ, Baek JB. Metal-Free Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Chem Rev 2015; 115:4823-92. [DOI: 10.1021/cr5003563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1830] [Impact Index Per Article: 203.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Dai
- Center
of Advanced Science and Engineering for Carbon (Case4Carbon), Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Yuhua Xue
- Center
of Advanced Science and Engineering for Carbon (Case4Carbon), Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Liangti Qu
- Key
Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing
Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials,
Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hyun-Jung Choi
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering/Center for Dimension-Controllable
Covalent Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 100 Banyeon, Ulsan, 689-798, South Korea
| | - Jong-Beom Baek
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering/Center for Dimension-Controllable
Covalent Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 100 Banyeon, Ulsan, 689-798, South Korea
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41
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Analysis of Damjanović kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction: Stability, polarization curve and impedance spectra. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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42
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Silva R, Pereira GM, Voiry D, Chhowalla M, Asefa T. Co3O4 nanoparticles/cellulose nanowhiskers-derived amorphous carbon nanoneedles: sustainable materials for supercapacitors and oxygen reduction electrocatalysis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08037a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous carbon nanoneedles-supported Co3O4 nanoparticles, materials that have electrocatalytic activity for ORR and the ability to store charges, are synthesized with nanoreactors using Co(ii) ions and cellulose nanowhiskers as precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Silva
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá
- CEP: 87020-900-Maringá
- Brazil
| | - G. M. Pereira
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá
- CEP: 87020-900-Maringá
- Brazil
| | - D. Voiry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
- Piscataway
- USA
| | - M. Chhowalla
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
- Piscataway
- USA
| | - T. Asefa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
- Piscataway
- USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
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43
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Modeling ion conduction and electrochemical reactions in water films on thin-film metal electrodes with application to low temperature fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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44
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Iden H, Kucernak AR. Analysis of effective surface area for electrochemical reaction derived from mass transport property. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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45
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Yang F, Liao LW, Li MF, Mei D, Chen YX. Kinetics Study on O2 Adsorption and OHad Desorption at Pt(111), Its Implication to Oxygen Reduction Reaction Kinetics. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/27/04/479-484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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46
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Huang Y, Wagner FT, Zhang J, Jorné J. On the nature of platinum oxides on carbon-supported catalysts. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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47
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Characterisation and electrocatalytic activity of PtNi alloys on Pt{1 1 1} electrodes formed using different thermal treatments. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Ramaker DE, Korovina A, Croze V, Melke J, Roth C. Following ORR intermediates adsorbed on a Pt cathode catalyst during break-in of a PEM fuel cell by in operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:13645-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00192c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy data using the Δμ X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) analysis procedure is used to follow the ORR intermediate adsorbate coverage on a working catalyst in a PEMFC during initial activation and break-in.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. E. Ramaker
- Chemistry Dept
- George Washington University
- Washington, USA
| | - A. Korovina
- Chemistry Dept
- George Washington University
- Washington, USA
| | - V. Croze
- Institute for Materials Science
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J. Melke
- Institute for Materials Science
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C. Roth
- Institute for Materials Science
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Darmstadt, Germany
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49
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Jang JH, Lee E, Park J, Kim G, Hong S, Kwon YU. Rational syntheses of core-shell Fex@Pt nanoparticles for the study of electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2872. [PMID: 24096587 PMCID: PMC3791448 DOI: 10.1038/srep02872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the syntheses of core-shell Fex@Pt (x=0.4-1.2) nanoparticles (NPs) with Pt-shell thickness systematically controlled while the overall particle size is constant. The syntheses were achieved via one-pot ultrasound-assisted polyol synthesis (UPS) reactions. Fe1.2@Pt showed a record-breaking high core-element content (55 at%) of core-shell NPs. Based on observations from a series of control experiments, we propose a mechanism of the NPs' formation that enables control of shell thickness in UPS reactions. Fex@Pt NPs showed drastic enhancements in mass and specific activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and significantly enhanced durability compared to commercial Pt NPs. Fex@Pt with a 1 (monolayer) ML Pt shell showed the highest activity. The ab initio density functional theory calculations on the binding energies of oxygen species on the surfaces of Fex@Pt NPs showed that the 1 ML case is most favourable for the ORR, and in good agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry, HRD Center for Creative Convergence Chemical Sciences, SAINT/Center for Human Interface Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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50
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Zhutaeva GV, Bogdanovskaya VA, Davydova ES, Kazanskii LP, Tarasevich MR. Kinetics and mechanism of oxygen electroreduction on Vulcan XC72R carbon black modified by pyrolysis products of cobalt 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)porphyrine in a broad pH interval. J Solid State Electrochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-013-2233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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