1
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Holmes ST, Schönzart J, Philips AB, Kimball JJ, Termos S, Altenhof AR, Xu Y, O'Keefe CA, Autschbach J, Schurko RW. Structure and bonding in rhodium coordination compounds: a 103Rh solid-state NMR and relativistic DFT study. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2181-2196. [PMID: 38332836 PMCID: PMC10848688 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06026h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates the application of 103Rh solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy to inorganic and organometallic coordination compounds, in combination with relativistic density functional theory (DFT) calculations of 103Rh chemical shift tensors and their analysis with natural bond orbital (NBO) and natural localized molecular orbital (NLMO) protocols, to develop correlations between 103Rh chemical shift tensors, molecular structure, and Rh-ligand bonding. 103Rh is one of the least receptive NMR nuclides, and consequently, there are very few reports in the literature. We introduce robust 103Rh SSNMR protocols for stationary samples, which use the broadband adiabatic inversion-cross polarization (BRAIN-CP) pulse sequence and wideband uniform-rate smooth-truncation (WURST) pulses for excitation, refocusing, and polarization transfer, and demonstrate the acquisition of 103Rh SSNMR spectra of unprecedented signal-to-noise and uniformity. The 103Rh chemical shift tensors determined from these spectra are complemented by NBO/NLMO analyses of contributions of individual orbitals to the 103Rh magnetic shielding tensors to understand their relationship to structure and bonding. Finally, we discuss the potential for these experimental and theoretical protocols for investigating a wide range of materials containing the platinum group elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Holmes
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Jasmin Schönzart
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Adam B Philips
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
| | - James J Kimball
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Sara Termos
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Adam R Altenhof
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Yijue Xu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Christopher A O'Keefe
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
| | - Robert W Schurko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
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2
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Koppe J, Frerichs JE, Hansen MR. Pushing the Detection Limit of Static Wideline NMR Spectroscopy Using Ultrafast Frequency-Swept Pulses. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10748-10753. [PMID: 38010530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple design strategy for wideband uniform-rate smooth truncation (WURST) pulses that enables ultrafast frequency sweeps to maximize the sensitivity of Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) acquisition in static wideline nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Three compelling examples showcase the advantage of ultrafast frequency sweeps over currently employed WURST-CPMG protocols, demonstrating the potential of investigating materials that are typically inaccessible to static wideline NMR techniques, e.g., paramagnetic solids with short homogeneous transverse relaxation times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Koppe
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 28/30, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
- Centre de RMN Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Joop Enno Frerichs
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 28/30, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 28/30, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC), University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
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3
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Peterson JW, Burt SR, Yuan Y, Harper JK. Rapid, Quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Test for Oxygen-17 Enrichment in Water. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5741-5743. [PMID: 35377605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies involving 17O are increasingly important in molecular biology, material science, and other disciplines. A large number of these studies employ H217O as a source of 17O, and this reliance can be limiting because the high cost of H217O. To overcome this constraint, a recent study proposed a distillation scheme capable of producing significant quantities of H217O at a low cost. Although this method is reported to be effective, the reactions proposed to quantify percent of 17O enrichment are either time intensive or have a risk of errors due to the isotope effect. Here, an alternative reaction scheme is described to measure 17O water that ultimately creates methyl benzoate as the sole 17O-containing product. The proposed reaction is completed in a matter of minutes at room temperature, produces only one 17O product, and requires no clean-up step. The large isotope shift observed in solution NMR between the 13C═16O and 13C═17O resonances allows for integration of the individual peaks. This 13C NMR analysis is found to be highly accurate over a wide enrichment range and is accessible to most NMR spectroscopists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua W Peterson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Scott R Burt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4111 Libra Drive, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - James K Harper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
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4
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Hartman JD, Mathews A, Harper JK. Fast and Accurate Electric Field Gradient Calculations in Molecular Solids With Density Functional Theory. Front Chem 2021; 9:751711. [PMID: 34692646 PMCID: PMC8529703 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.751711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern approaches for calculating electric field gradient (EFF) tensors in molecular solids rely upon plane-wave calculations employing periodic boundary conditions (PBC). In practice, models employing PBCs are limited to generalized gradient approximation (GGA) density functionals. Hybrid density functionals applied in the context of gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO) calculations have been shown to substantially improve the accuracy of predicted NMR parameters. Here we propose an efficient method that effectively combines the benefits of both periodic calculations and single-molecule techniques for predicting electric field gradient tensors in molecular solids. Periodic calculations using plane-wave basis sets were used to model the crystalline environment. We then introduce a molecular correction to the periodic result obtained from a single-molecule calculation performed with a hybrid density functional. Single-molecule calculations performed using hybrid density functionals were found to significantly improve the agreement of predicted 17O quadrupolar coupling constants (C q ) with experiment. We demonstrate a 31% reduction in the RMS error for the predicted 17O C q values relative to standard plane-wave methods using a carefully constructed test set comprised of 22 oxygen-containing molecular crystals. We show comparable improvements in accuracy using five different hybrid density functionals and find predicted C q values to be relatively insensitive to the choice of basis set used in the single molecule calculation. Finally, the utility of high-accuracy 17O C q predictions is demonstrated by examining the disordered 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Hartman
- Department of Chemistry, Mt. San Jacinto College, Menifee, CA, United States
| | - Amanda Mathews
- Department of Chemistry, Mt. San Jacinto College, Menifee, CA, United States
| | - James K. Harper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
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5
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Reconstructing Reliable Powder Patterns from Spikelets (Q)CPMG NMR Spectra: Simplification of UWNMR Crystallography Analysis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196051. [PMID: 34641595 PMCID: PMC8513071 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spikelets NMR spectra are very popular as they enable the shortening of experimental time and give the possibility to obtain required NMR parameters for nuclei with ultrawide NMR patterns. Unfortunately, these resulted ssNMR spectra cannot be fitted directly in common software. For this reason, we developed UWNMRSpectralShape (USS) software which transforms spikelets NMR patterns into single continuous lines. Subsequently, these reconstructed spectral envelopes of the (Q)CPMG spikelets patterns can be loaded into common NMR software and automatically fitted, independently of experimental settings. This allows the quadrupole and chemical shift parameters to be accurately determined. Moreover, it makes fitting of spikelets NMR spectra exact, fast and straightforward.
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6
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Ba-induced phase segregation and band gap reduction in mixed-halide inorganic perovskite solar cells. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4686. [PMID: 31615978 PMCID: PMC6794321 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12678-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
All-inorganic metal halide perovskites are showing promising development towards efficient long-term stable materials and solar cells. Element doping, especially on the lead site, has been proved to be a useful strategy to obtain the desired film quality and material phase for high efficient and stable inorganic perovskite solar cells. Here we demonstrate a function by adding barium in CsPbI2Br. We find that barium is not incorporated into the perovskite lattice but induces phase segregation, resulting in a change in the iodide/bromide ratio compared with the precursor stoichiometry and consequently a reduction in the band gap energy of the perovskite phase. The device with 20 mol% barium shows a high power conversion efficiency of 14.0% and a great suppression of non-radiative recombination within the inorganic perovskite, yielding a high open-circuit voltage of 1.33 V and an external quantum efficiency of electroluminescence of 10−4. Element doping has been proven a useful strategy to tune the properties of halide perovskites. Here Xiang et al. show that barium unexpectedly does not incorporate in perovskite lattice but induces phase segregation and bandgap reduction and inhibits non-radiative recombination.
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7
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Leroy C, Bryce DL. Recent advances in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of exotic nuclei. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 109:160-199. [PMID: 30527135 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a review of recent advances in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) studies of exotic nuclei. Exotic nuclei may be spin-1/2 or quadrupolar, and typically have low gyromagnetic ratios, low natural abundances, large quadrupole moments (when I > 1/2), or some combination of these properties, generally resulting in low receptivities and/or prohibitively broad line widths. Some nuclides are little studied for other reasons, also rendering them somewhat exotic. We first discuss some of the recent progress in pulse sequences and hardware development which continues to enable researchers to study new kinds of materials as well as previously unfeasible nuclei. This is followed by a survey of applications to a wide range of exotic nuclei (including e.g., 9Be, 25Mg, 33S, 39K, 43Ca, 47/49Ti, 53Cr, 59Co, 61Ni, 67Zn, 73Ge, 75As, 87Sr, 115In, 119Sn, 121/123Sb, 135/137Ba, 185/187Re, 209Bi), most of them quadrupolar. The scope of the review is the past ten years, i.e., 2007-2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Leroy
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences & Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - David L Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences & Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
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8
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Laurencin D, Ribot F, Gervais C, Wright AJ, Baker AR, Campayo L, Hanna JV, Iuga D, Smith ME, Nedelec JM, Renaudin G, Bonhomme C. 87Sr,119Sn,127I Single and {1H/19F}-Double Resonance Solid-State NMR Experiments: Application to Inorganic Materials and Nanobuilding Blocks. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Laurencin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier, UMR 5253, CNRS-UM-ENSCM; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - François Ribot
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, UMR 7574; Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris 75005 Paris France
| | - Christel Gervais
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, UMR 7574; Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris 75005 Paris France
| | - Adrian J. Wright
- School of Chemistry; University of Birmingham, Edgbaston; Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Annabelle R. Baker
- Diamond Light Source; Harwell Science and Innovation Campus; Didcot OX11 0DE UK
| | - Lionel Campayo
- CEA, DEN, DTCD, SECM; Laboratoire d'Etude et de Développement de Matrices de Conditionnement, Centre de Marcoule; 30207 Bagnols sur Cèze France
| | - John V. Hanna
- Department of Physics; University of Warwick; Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Dinu Iuga
- Department of Physics; University of Warwick; Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Mark E. Smith
- Department of Physics; University of Warwick; Coventry CV4 7AL UK
- Vice-Chancellor's Office, University House; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YW UK
| | - Jean-Marie Nedelec
- ICCF, CNRS UMR 6295, SIGMA Clermont; Université Clermont Auvergne, Campus des Céseaux; CS 20265 Aubière France
| | - Guillaume Renaudin
- ICCF, CNRS UMR 6295, SIGMA Clermont; Université Clermont Auvergne, Campus des Céseaux; CS 20265 Aubière France
| | - Christian Bonhomme
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, UMR 7574; Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris 75005 Paris France
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9
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Faucher A, Terskikh VV, Ye E, Bernard GM, Wasylishen RE. Solid-State 87Sr NMR Spectroscopy at Natural Abundance and High Magnetic Field Strength. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:11847-61. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b09392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Faucher
- Department
of Chemistry, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Victor V. Terskikh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Eric Ye
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Guy M. Bernard
- Department
of Chemistry, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Roderick E. Wasylishen
- Department
of Chemistry, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
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10
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Prack E, O'Keefe CA, Moore JK, Lai A, Lough AJ, Macdonald PM, Conradi MS, Schurko RW, Fekl U. A Molecular Rotor Possessing an H-M-H "Spoke" on a P-M-P "Axle": A Platinum(II) trans-Dihydride Spins Rapidly Even at 75 K. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13464-7. [PMID: 26448538 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new class of low-barrier molecular rotors, metal trans-dihydrides, is suggested here. To test whether rapid rotation can be achieved, the known complex trans-H2Pt(P(t)Bu3)2 was experimentally studied by (2)H and (195)Pt solid-state NMR spectroscopy (powder pattern changes with temperature) and computationally modeled as a (t)Bu3P-Pt-P(t)Bu3 stator with a spinning H-Pt-H rotator. Whereas the related chloro-hydride complex, trans-H(Cl)Pt(P(t)Bu3)2, does not show rotational behavior at room temperature, the dihydride trans-H2Pt(P(t)Bu3)2 rotates fast on the NMR time scale, even at low temperatures down to at least 75 K. The highest barrier to rotation is estimated to be ∼3 kcal mol(-1), for the roughly 3 Å long rotator in trans-H2Pt(P(t)Bu3)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Prack
- University of Toronto , Mississauga Campus, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | | | - Jeremy K Moore
- Washington University, St. Louis , One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
| | - Angel Lai
- University of Toronto , Mississauga Campus, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Alan J Lough
- University of Toronto , St. George Campus, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Peter M Macdonald
- University of Toronto , Mississauga Campus, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Mark S Conradi
- Washington University, St. Louis , One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
| | - Robert W Schurko
- University of Windsor , 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, Ontario, Canada , N9B 3P4
| | - Ulrich Fekl
- University of Toronto , Mississauga Campus, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
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11
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Ashbrook SE, Sneddon S. New methods and applications in solid-state NMR spectroscopy of quadrupolar nuclei. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:15440-56. [PMID: 25296129 DOI: 10.1021/ja504734p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has long been established as offering unique atomic-scale and element-specific insight into the structure, disorder, and dynamics of materials. NMR spectra of quadrupolar nuclei (I > (1)/2) are often perceived as being challenging to acquire and to interpret because of the presence of anisotropic broadening arising from the interaction of the electric field gradient and the nuclear electric quadrupole moment, which broadens the spectral lines, often over several megahertz. Despite the vast amount of information contained in the spectral line shapes, the problems with sensitivity and resolution have, until very recently, limited the application of NMR spectroscopy of quadrupolar nuclei in the solid state. In this Perspective, we provide a brief overview of the quadrupolar interaction, describe some of the basic experimental approaches used for acquiring high-resolution NMR spectra, and discuss the information that these spectra can provide. We then describe some interesting recent examples to showcase some of the more exciting and challenging new applications of NMR spectra of quadrupolar nuclei in the fields of energy materials, microporous materials, Earth sciences, and biomaterials. Finally, we consider the possible directions that this highly informative technique may take in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon E Ashbrook
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM, and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews , St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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12
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Abstract
Although solid-state NMR (SSNMR) provides rich information about molecular structure and dynamics, the small spin population differences between pairs of spin states that give rise to NMR transitions make it an inherently insensitive spectroscopic technique in terms of signal acquisition. Scientists have continuously addressed this issue via improvements in NMR hardware and probes, increases in the strength of the magnetic field, and the development of innovative pulse sequences and acquisition methodologies. As a result, researchers can now study NMR-active nuclides previously thought to be unobservable or too unreceptive for routine examination via SSNMR. Several factors can make it extremely challenging to detect signal or acquire spectra using SSNMR: (i) low gyromagnetic ratios (i.e., low Larmor frequencies), (ii) low natural abundances or dilution of the nuclide of interest (e.g., metal nuclides in proteins or in organometallic catalysts supported on silica), (iii) inconvenient relaxation characteristics (e.g., very long longitudinal or very short transverse relaxation times), and/or (iv) extremely broad powder patterns arising from large anisotropic NMR interactions. Our research group has been particularly interested in efficient acquisition of broad NMR powder patterns for a variety of spin-1/2 and quadrupolar (spin > 1/2) nuclides. Traditionally, researchers have used the term "wideline" NMR to refer to experiments yielding broad (1)H and (2)H SSNMR spectra ranging from tens of kHz to ∼250 kHz in breadth. With modern FT NMR hardware, uniform excitation in these spectral ranges is relatively easy, allowing for the acquisition of high quality spectra. However, spectra that range in breadth from ca. 250 kHz to tens of MHz cannot be uniformly excited with conventional, high-power rectangular pulses. Rather, researchers must apply special methodologies to acquire such spectra, which have inherently low S/N because the signal intensity is spread across such large spectral breadths. We have suggested the term ultra-wideline NMR (UWNMR) spectroscopy to describe this set of methodologies. This Account describes recent developments in pulse sequences and strategies for the efficient acquisition of UWNMR spectra. After an introduction to anisotropically broadened NMR patterns, we give a brief history of methods used to acquire UWNMR spectra. We then discuss new acquisition methodologies, including the acquisition of CPMG echo trains and the application of pulses capable of broadband excitation and refocusing. Finally, we present several applications of UWNMR methods that use these broadband pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4
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13
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Perras FA, Viger-Gravel J, Burgess KMN, Bryce DL. Signal enhancement in solid-state NMR of quadrupolar nuclei. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2013; 51-52:1-15. [PMID: 23336997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in the development and application of signal enhancement methods for NMR of quadrupolar nuclei in solids is presented. First, various pulse schemes for manipulating the populations of the satellite transitions in order to increase the signal of the central transition (CT) in stationary and rotating solids are evaluated (e.g., double-frequency sweeps, hyperbolic secant pulses). Second, the utility of the quadrupolar Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (QCPMG) and WURST-QCPMG pulse sequences for the rapid and efficient acquisition of particularly broad CT powder patterns is discussed. Third, less frequently used experiments involving polarization transfer from abundant nuclear spins (cross-polarization) or from unpaired electrons (dynamic nuclear polarization) are assessed in the context of recent examples. Advantages and disadvantages of particular enhancement schemes are highlighted and an outlook on possible future directions for the signal enhancement of quadrupolar nuclei in solids is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric A Perras
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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14
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A combined ultra-wideline solid-state NMR and DFT study of 137Ba electric field gradient tensors in barium compounds. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Laurencin D, Smith ME. Development of (43)Ca solid state NMR spectroscopy as a probe of local structure in inorganic and molecular materials. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 68:1-40. [PMID: 23398971 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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16
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Bonhomme C, Gervais C, Babonneau F, Coelho C, Pourpoint F, Azaïs T, Ashbrook SE, Griffin JM, Yates JR, Mauri F, Pickard CJ. First-principles calculation of NMR parameters using the gauge including projector augmented wave method: a chemist's point of view. Chem Rev 2012; 112:5733-79. [PMID: 23113537 DOI: 10.1021/cr300108a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bonhomme
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR, Collège de France, France.
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17
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Folliet N, Roiland C, Bégu S, Aubert A, Mineva T, Goursot A, Selvaraj K, Duma L, Tielens F, Mauri F, Laurent G, Bonhomme C, Gervais C, Babonneau F, Azaïs T. Investigation of the interface in silica-encapsulated liposomes by combining solid state NMR and first principles calculations. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:16815-27. [PMID: 21899369 DOI: 10.1021/ja201002r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the context of nanomedicine, liposils (liposomes and silica) have a strong potential for drug storage and release schemes: such materials combine the intrinsic properties of liposome (encapsulation) and silica (increased rigidity, protective coating, pH degradability). In this work, an original approach combining solid state NMR, molecular dynamics, first principles geometry optimization, and NMR parameters calculation allows the building of a precise representation of the organic/inorganic interface in liposils. {(1)H-(29)Si}(1)H and {(1)H-(31)P}(1)H Double Cross-Polarization (CP) MAS NMR experiments were implemented in order to explore the proton chemical environments around the silica and the phospholipids, respectively. Using VASP (Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package), DFT calculations including molecular dynamics, and geometry optimization lead to the determination of energetically favorable configurations of a DPPC (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) headgroup adsorbed onto a hydroxylated silica surface that corresponds to a realistic model of an amorphous silica slab. These data combined with first principles NMR parameters calculations by GIPAW (Gauge Included Projected Augmented Wave) show that the phosphate moieties are not directly interacting with silanols. The stabilization of the interface is achieved through the presence of water molecules located in-between the head groups of the phospholipids and the silica surface forming an interfacial H-bonded water layer. A detailed study of the (31)P chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) parameters allows us to interpret the local dynamics of DPPC in liposils. Finally, the VASP/solid state NMR/GIPAW combined approach can be extended to a large variety of organic-inorganic hybrid interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Folliet
- UPMC Univ Paris 06 & CNRS, UMR 7574, Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France, 11, place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75005, Paris, France
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18
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Spencer L, Coomes E, Ye E, Terskikh V, Ramzy A, Thangadurai V, Goward GR. Structural analysis of lanthanum-containing battery materials using 139La solid-state NMR. CAN J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1139/v11-049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
139La solid-state NMR spectra, acquired at 21.1 and 11.7 T, have been used to evaluate the structural properties of the lithium ion battery materials, La32Li16Fe6.4O67 and Li3xLa2/3–xTiO3. In particular, atomic-level disorder in the second coordination sphere environment of lanthanum in these materials has been indicated by the observation of a distribution in the asymmetry parameters and the quadrupolar coupling constants derived from experimental NMR spectra, and supported by theoretical calculations. For comparison, 139La NMR has been obtained for the two model compounds La2O3 and LaNbO4, in which there is no atomic-level disorder. Quadrupolar coupling constants in the range of 17 to 59 MHz have been measured, and these values are supported by previous work as well as theoretical predictions performed in CASTEP. It has been shown that 139La NMR is a useful tool for the structural analysis of lithium ion battery materials, and when combined with 7Li MAS NMR and powder X-ray diffraction, can be used to determine the structure of complex solid-state electrolyte and electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Spencer
- Department of Chemistry and Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Eric Coomes
- Department of Chemistry and Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Eric Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Victor Terskikh
- Steacie Institute of Molecular Sciences, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, 1200 Montreal Road, M-40, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Adam Ramzy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Venkataraman Thangadurai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Gillian R. Goward
- Department of Chemistry and Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
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Reinholdt M, Croissant J, Di Carlo L, Granier D, Gaveau P, Bégu S, Devoisselle JM, Mutin PH, Smith ME, Bonhomme C, Gervais C, van der Lee A, Laurencin D. Synthesis and Characterization of Crystalline Structures Based on Phenylboronate Ligands Bound to Alkaline Earth Cations. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:7802-10. [DOI: 10.1021/ic200961a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Reinholdt
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-UM1-ENSCM, Pl. E. Bataillon, CC1701, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jonas Croissant
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-UM1-ENSCM, Pl. E. Bataillon, CC1701, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Lidia Di Carlo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-UM1-ENSCM, Pl. E. Bataillon, CC1701, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Dominique Granier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-UM1-ENSCM, Pl. E. Bataillon, CC1701, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Philippe Gaveau
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-UM1-ENSCM, Pl. E. Bataillon, CC1701, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sylvie Bégu
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-UM1-ENSCM, Pl. E. Bataillon, CC1701, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Marie Devoisselle
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-UM1-ENSCM, Pl. E. Bataillon, CC1701, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - P. Hubert Mutin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-UM1-ENSCM, Pl. E. Bataillon, CC1701, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Mark E. Smith
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Bonhomme
- LCMCP, UMR CNRS 7574, UPMC Université Paris 06, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Christel Gervais
- LCMCP, UMR CNRS 7574, UPMC Université Paris 06, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Arie van der Lee
- Institut Européen des Membranes, CNRS - UMR 5635, Université de Montpellier 2, CC 047, Pl. E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Danielle Laurencin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-UM1-ENSCM, Pl. E. Bataillon, CC1701, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Widdifield CM, Bryce DL. A multinuclear solid-state magnetic resonance and GIPAW DFT study of anhydrous calcium chloride and its hydrates. CAN J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1139/v11-009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The group 2 metal halides and corresponding metal halide hydrates serve as useful model systems for understanding the relationship between the electric field gradient (EFG) and chemical shift (CS) tensors at the halogen nuclei and the local molecular and electronic structure. Here, we present a 35/37Cl and 43Ca solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) study of CaCl2. The 35Cl nuclear quadrupole coupling constant, 8.82(8) MHz, and the isotropic chlorine CS, 105(8) ppm (with respect to dilute NaCl(aq)), are different from the values reported previously for this compound, as well as those reported for CaCl2·2H2O. Chlorine-35 SSNMR spectra are also presented for CaCl2·6H2O, and when taken in concert, the SSNMR observations for CaCl2, CaCl2·2H2O, and CaCl2·6H2O clearly demonstrate the sensitivity of the chlorine EFG and CS tensors to the local symmetry and to changes in the hydration state. For example, the value of δiso decreases with increasing hydration. Gauge-including projector-augmented wave (GIPAW) density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to substantiate the experimental SSNMR findings, to rule out the presence of other hydrates in our samples, to refine the hydrogen positions in CaCl2·2H2O, and to explore the isostructural relationship between CaCl2 and CaBr2. Finally, the 43Ca CS tensor span is measured to be 31(5) ppm for anhydrous CaCl2, which represents only the fifth CS tensor span measurement for calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory M. Widdifield
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - David L. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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21
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Lucier BE, Reidel AR, Schurko RW. Multinuclear solid-state NMR of square-planar platinum complexes — Cisplatin and related systems. CAN J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1139/v11-033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) experiments have been performed on cisplatin and four related square-planar compounds. The wideband uniform rate smooth truncation – Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill (WURST–CPMG) pulse sequence was utilized in NMR experiments to acquire 195Pt, 14N, and 35Cl ultra-wideline NMR spectra of high quality. Standard Hahn-echo and magic-angle spinning 195Pt NMR experiments are also performed to refine extracted chemical shielding (CS) tensor parameters. Platinum magnetic shielding (MS) tensor orientations are calculated using both plane-wave density functional theory (DFT) and standard DFT methods. The tensor orientations are shown to be highly constrained by molecular symmetry elements, but also influenced to some degree by intermolecular interactions. 14N WURST–CPMG experiments were performed on three compounds and electric field gradient (EFG) parameters (the quadrupolar coupling constant, CQ, and the asymmetry parameter, ηQ) are reported. First principles calculations of the 14N EFG tensor parameters and orientations and affirm their dependence on the local hydrogen bonding environment. 35Cl WURST–CPMG experiments on cisplatin and transplatin are reported, using two different static magnetic fields to extract EFG and CS tensor parameters, and 35Cl EFG tensor magnitudes and orientations are predicted using first principles calculations. Transverse (T2) relaxation data for all nuclei are used to investigate heteronuclear dipolar relaxation mechanisms, as well as the nature of the local hydrogen bonding environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan E.G. Lucier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Alex R. Reidel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Robert W. Schurko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
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Fernandez C, Pruski M. Probing quadrupolar nuclei by solid-state NMR spectroscopy: recent advances. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 306:119-88. [PMID: 21656101 DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of quadrupolar nuclei has recently undergone remarkable development of capabilities for obtaining structural and dynamic information at the molecular level. This review summarizes the key achievements attained during the last couple of decades in solid-state NMR of both integer spin and half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei. We provide a concise description of the first- and second-order quadrupolar interactions, and their effect on the static and magic angle spinning (MAS) spectra. Methods are explained for efficient excitation of single- and multiple-quantum coherences, and acquisition of spectra under low- and high-resolution conditions. Most of all, we present a coherent, comparative description of the high-resolution methods for half-integer quadrupolar nuclei, including double rotation (DOR), dynamic angle spinning (DAS), multiple-quantum magic angle spinning (MQMAS), and satellite transition magic angle spinning (STMAS). Also highlighted are methods for processing and analysis of the spectra. Finally, we review methods for probing the heteronuclear and homonuclear correlations between the quadrupolar nuclei and their quadrupolar or spin-1/2 neighbors.
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