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Stašková S, Reháková M, Oravec M, Jabconová A. Using infrared luminescence to study crystal violet lactone in carbonless papers. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01641-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hodge SR, Corcelli SA, Berg MA. Nonlinear measurements of kinetics and generalized dynamical modes. II. Application to a simulation of solvation dynamics in an ionic liquid. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:024123. [PMID: 34266263 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Solvation dynamics in ionic liquids show features that are often associated with supercooled liquids, including "stretched" nonexponential relaxation. To better understand the mechanism behind the stretching, the nonlinear mode-correlation methods proposed in Paper I [S. R. Hodge and M. A. Berg, J. Chem. Phys. 155, 024122 (2021)] are applied to a simulation of a prototypical ionic liquid. A full Green's function is recovered. In addition, specific tests for non-Gaussian dynamics are made. No deviations from Gaussian dynamics are found. This finding is incompatible with rate heterogeneity as a cause of the nonexponential relaxation and appears to be in conflict with an earlier multidimensional analysis of the same data. Although this conflict is not resolved here, this work does demonstrate the practicality of mode-correlation analysis in the face of finite datasets and calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart R Hodge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Steven A Corcelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Mark A Berg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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Liaros N, Gutierrez Razo SA, Fourkas JT. Probing Multiphoton Photophysics Using Two-Beam Action Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6643-6653. [PMID: 30022666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b04463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiphoton absorption (MPA) is an enabling technology for many applications. However, due to the low probability of MPA processes, their accurate characterization remains a challenge. Here we introduce a new technique, two-beam constant emission intensity (2-BCEIn) spectroscopy, that offers substantial advantages over other existing methods that use the generation of optical emission for the characterization of absorptive nonlinearities. We use 2-BCEIn to study nonlinear absorption in solutions of crystal violet lactone (CVL) over a range of excitation wavelengths in which the dominant nonlinear absorption process transitions from two-photon absorption (750 nm) to three-photon absorption (830 nm). At an excitation wavelength of 800 nm, both two-photon absorption and three-photon absorption contribute substantially to the nonlinear fluorescence excitation (NFE) signal, although the dynamic range of the NFE data is not sufficient to quantify the contributions of each process. 2-BCEIn spectroscopy enables the direct measurement of the local exponent at each emission intensity. 2-BCEIn measurements made at several different emission intensities demonstrate unambiguously that the nonlinear excitation of CVL at 800 nm cannot be described solely as the sum of a two-photon process and a three-photon process. A kinetic model that includes intrapulse excited-state absorption reproduces the features of the 2-BCEIn measurements and enables the determination of the ratio of the three-photon absorption cross section to the two-photon absorption cross section. Such information cannot easily be extracted from conventional NFE measurements. These results demonstrate the power and versatility of two-beam action spectroscopies for elucidating the complex photophysics of multiphoton absorption processes.
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Rumble CA, Maroncelli M. Solvent controlled intramolecular electron transfer in mixtures of 1-butyl-3-methylimidizolium tetrafluoroborate and acetonitrile. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:193801. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5000727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Rumble
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Mark Maroncelli
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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Zauleck JPP, Peschel MT, Rott F, Thallmair S, de Vivie-Riedle R. Ultrafast Reactive Quantum Dynamics Coupled to Classical Solvent Dynamics Using an Ehrenfest Approach. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:2849-2857. [PMID: 29498853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The inclusion of solvent effects in the theoretical analysis of molecular processes becomes increasingly important. Currently, it is not feasible to directly include the solvent on the quantum level. We use an Ehrenfest approach to study the coupled time evolution of quantum dynamically treated solutes and classical solvents system. The classical dynamics of the solvent is coupled to the wavepacket dynamics of the solute and rotational and translational degrees of freedom of the solute are included classically. This allows quantum dynamics simulations for ultrafast processes that are decided by environment interactions without explicit separation of time scales. We show the application to the dissociation of ICN in liquid Ar as a proof of principal system and to the more applied example of uracil in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius P P Zauleck
- Department of Chemistry , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München , Germany
| | - Martin T Peschel
- Department of Chemistry , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München , Germany
| | - Florian Rott
- Department of Chemistry , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München , Germany
| | - Sebastian Thallmair
- Department of Chemistry , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München , Germany
| | - Regina de Vivie-Riedle
- Department of Chemistry , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , D-81377 München , Germany
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Kumpulainen T, Rosspeintner A, Vauthey E. Probe dependence on polar solvation dynamics from fs broadband fluorescence. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:8815-8825. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00706j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Solvation dynamics is remarkably independent of the probe as long as specific interactions remain similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatu Kumpulainen
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- Geneva
- Switzerland
| | | | - Eric Vauthey
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- Geneva
- Switzerland
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Karunakaran V, Das S. Direct Observation of Cascade of Photoinduced Ultrafast Intramolecular Charge Transfer Dynamics in Diphenyl Acetylene Derivatives: Via Solvation and Intramolecular Relaxation. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:7016-23. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b05264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Karunakaran
- Photosciences
and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110 001, India
| | - Suresh Das
- Photosciences
and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, Kerala, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560 064, India
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DeVine JA, Labib M, Harries ME, Rached RAM, Issa J, Wishart JF, Castner EW. Electron-Transfer Dynamics for a Donor–Bridge–Acceptor Complex in Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:11336-45. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessalyn A. DeVine
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Marena Labib
- Department
of Natural Science, Fordham University, New York, New York 10023, United States
| | - Megan E. Harries
- Department
of Natural Science, Fordham University, New York, New York 10023, United States
| | | | - Joseph Issa
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - James F. Wishart
- Department
of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Edward W. Castner
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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Maity B, Chatterjee A, Ahmed SA, Seth D. Photophysics of crystal violet lactone in reverse micelles and its dual behaviour. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06309d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The photophysics of Crystal Violet Lactone (CVL) in aqueous and non aqueous reverse micelles (RMs) have been studied. It was observed that in RMs, the CTA → CTB transformation is retarded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banibrata Maity
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800013
- India
| | - Aninda Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800013
- India
| | | | - Debabrata Seth
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800013
- India
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Gutiérrez-Arzaluz L, Guarin CA, Rodríguez-Córdoba W, Peon J. Dynamics of the Formation of a Charge Transfer State in 1,2-Bis(9-anthryl)acetylene in Polar Solvents: Symmetry Reduction with the Participation of an Intramolecular Torsional Coordinate. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:12175-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4038705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Gutiérrez-Arzaluz
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, México, 04510, D.F., México
| | - Cesar A. Guarin
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, México, 04510, D.F., México
| | - William Rodríguez-Córdoba
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, México, 04510, D.F., México
- Escuela
de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, A.A. 3840, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jorge Peon
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, México, 04510, D.F., México
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Druzhinin SI, Demeter A, Zachariasse KA. Intramolecular charge transfer with crystal violet lactone in acetonitrile as a function of temperature: reaction is not solvent-controlled. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:7721-36. [PMID: 23865629 DOI: 10.1021/jp405530j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) with crystal violet lactone (CVL) in the excited singlet state takes place in solvents more polar than n-hexane, such as ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, and acetonitrile (MeCN). In these solvents, the fluorescence spectrum of CVL consists of two emission bands, from a locally excited (LE) and an ICT state. The dominant deactivation channel of the lowest excited singlet state is internal conversion, as the quantum yields of fluorescence (0.007) and intersystem crossing (0.015) in MeCN at 25 °C are very small. CVL is a weakly coupled electron donor/acceptor (D/A) molecule, similar to an exciplex (1)(A(-)D(+)). A solvatochromic treatment of the LE and ICT emission maxima results in the dipole moments μe(LE) = 17 D and μe(ICT) = 33 D, much larger than those previously reported. This discrepancy is attributed to different Onsager radii and spectral fluorimeter calibration. The LE and ICT fluorescence decays of CVL in MeCN are double exponential. As determined by global analysis, the LE and ICT decays at 25 °C have the times τ2 = 9.2 ps and τ1 = 1180 ps, with an amplitude ratio of 35.3 for LE. From these parameters, the rate constants ka = 106 × 10(9) s(-1) and kd = 3.0 × 10(9) s(-1) of the forward and backward reaction in the LE ⇄ ICT equilibrium are calculated, resulting in a free enthalpy difference ΔG of -8.9 kJ/mol. The amplitude ratio of the ICT fluorescence decay equals -1.0, which signifies that the ICT state is not prepared by light absorption in the S0 ground state, but originates exclusively from the directly excited LE precursor. From the temperature dependence of the fluorescence decays of CVL in MeCN (-45 to 75 °C), activation energies E(a) = 3.9 kJ/mol (LE → ICT) and E(d) = 23.6 kJ/mol (ICT → LE) are obtained, giving an enthalpy difference ΔH (= E(a) - E(d)) of -19.7 kJ/mol, and an entropy difference ΔS = -35.5 J mol(-1) K(-1). These data show that the ICT reaction of CVL in MeCN is not barrierless. The ICT reaction time of 9.2 ps is much longer than the mean solvent relaxation time of MeCN (0.26 ps), indicating, in contrast with earlier reports in the literature, that the reaction is not solvent controlled. This conclusion is supported by the observation of double exponential LE and ICT fluorescence with the same decay times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey I Druzhinin
- Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Spektroskopie und Photochemische Kinetik, 37070 Göttingen, Germany.
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Malval JP, Chaumeil H, Rettig W, Kharlanov V, Diemer V, Ay E, Morlet-Savary F, Poizat O. Excited-state dynamics of phenol–pyridinium biaryl. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:562-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22829c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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