1
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Price NJ, Nakamura A, Castagnoli N, Tanko JM. Why Does Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Catalyze the Oxidation of Some Tetrahydropyridines? Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400126. [PMID: 38602445 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Results pertaining to the mechanism of the oxidation of the tertiary amine 1-methyl-4-(1-methyl-1-H-pyrrol-2-yl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MMTP, a close analog of the Parkinsonism inducing compound MPTP) by 3-methyllumiflavin (3MLF), a chemical model for the FAD cofactor of monoamine oxidase, are reported. MMTP and related compounds are among the few tertiary amines that are monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) substrates. The MMTP/3MLF reaction is catalytic in the presence of O2 and the results under anaerobic conditions strongly suggest the involvement of radical intermediates, consistent with a single electron transfer mechanism. These observations support a new hypothesis to explain the MAO-catalyzed oxidations of amines. In general, electron transfer is thermodynamically unfavorable, and as a result, most 1° and 2° amines react via one of the currently accepted polar pathways. Steric constraints prevent 3° amines from reacting via a polar pathway. Those select 3° amines that are MAO substrates possess certain structural features (e. g., a C-H bond that is α- both to nitrogen and a C=C) that dramatically lower the pKa of the corresponding radical cation. Consequently, the thermodynamically unfavorable electron transfer equilibrium is driven towards products by an extremely favorable deprotonation step in the context of Le Chatelier's principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Price
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Akiko Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Neal Castagnoli
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - James M Tanko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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2
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Yang Y, Du W, Qian G, Duan X, Gu X, Zhou X, Yang Z, Zhang J. Kinetically guided high‐yield and rapid production of ε‐caprolactone in a microreactor system. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Wei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Gang Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Xuezhi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Xiongyi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Xinggui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Zhirong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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3
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Mizushima T, Oka M, Imada Y, Iida H. Low‐Voltage‐Driven Electrochemical Aerobic Oxygenation with Flavin Catalysis: Chemoselective Synthesis of Sulfoxides from Sulfides. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiga Mizushima
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue Shimane 690-8504 Japan
| | - Marina Oka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue Shimane 690-8504 Japan
| | - Yasushi Imada
- Department of Applied Chemistry Tokushima University Minamijosanjima Tokushima 770-8506 Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue Shimane 690-8504 Japan
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4
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Zhuang B, Liebl U, Vos MH. Flavoprotein Photochemistry: Fundamental Processes and Photocatalytic Perspectives. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:3199-3207. [PMID: 35442696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Flavins are highly versatile redox-active and colored cofactors in a large variety of proteins. These do include photoenzymes and photoreceptors, although the vast majority performs non-light-driven physiological functions. Nevertheless, electron transfer between flavins and specific nearby amino acid residues (in particular tyrosine, tryptophan, and presumably histidine and arginine) takes place upon excitation of flavin in many flavoproteins. For oxidized flavoproteins these reactions potentially have a photoprotective role. In this Perspective, we outline work on the characterization of early reaction intermediates not only in the relatively well-studied resting oxidized forms but also in the fully reduced and the intrinsically unstable semireduced forms, where ultrafast photooxidation of flavin was recently demonstrated. Along different lines, flavoprotein-based novel photocatalysts for biotechnological applications are presently emerging, employing both substrate photooxidation and photoreduction strategies. Deep insight into the fundamental flavin photochemical reactions may help in guiding and optimizing their development and in the exploration of novel photocatalytic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhuang
- LOB, CNRS, INSERM, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Ursula Liebl
- LOB, CNRS, INSERM, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Marten H Vos
- LOB, CNRS, INSERM, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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5
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Bingham JT, Etz BD, DuClos JM, Vyas S. Structure and Reactivity of Alloxan Monohydrate in the Liquid Phase. J Org Chem 2021; 86:14553-14562. [PMID: 34582209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alloxan is an important toxic glucose analogue used to induce diabetes in lab test animals. Once regarded as a "problem structure," the condensed-phase structure of anhydrous alloxan has largely been settled, but literature inconsistencies remain for the structure of the typically employed reagent alloxan monohydrate. Due to the criticality of structure-function relationships, we have used 1H/13C{1H} NMR, IR spectroscopy, as well as quantum mechanical (QM) calculations to probe the liquid-phase structure and reactivity of alloxan monohydrate. In protic solvents (D2O and acetic acid-d4), hydration at the C5 carbonyl of alloxan monohydrate occurs quantitatively to form the C5 gem-diol (5,5'-dihydroxybarbituric acid). In the aprotic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-d6, there exists a mixture of the C5 gem-diol and planar tetraketo form of alloxan monohydrate. QM calculations explain the solvent-dependent hydration reactivity, where a solvent-assisted H-atom transfer mechanism lowers the activation energy of water addition at the C5 carbonyl by ∼16 or 27 kcal/mol in water or acetic acid, respectively, compared to the unassisted hydration reaction. Prompt recrystallization of alloxan monohydrate from boiling water does not alter the structure of the reagent. These findings probe the exact structure of alloxan monohydrate to guide future research efforts in biological sciences and in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Bingham
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1012 14th Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Brian D Etz
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1012 14th Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Julie M DuClos
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1012 14th Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Shubham Vyas
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1012 14th Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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6
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Fan KW, Luk HL, Phillips DL. Anti-Kasha Behavior of 3-Hydroxyflavone and Its Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011103. [PMID: 34681762 PMCID: PMC8540728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) in 3-hydroxyflavone (3HF) has been known for its dependence on excitation wavelength. Such a behavior violates Kasha’s rule, which states that the emission and photochemistry of a compound would only take place from its lowest excited state. The photochemistry of 3HF was studied using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy at a shorter wavelength excitation (266 nm), and these new experimental findings were interpreted with the aid of computational studies. These new results were compared with those from previous studies that were obtained with a longer wavelength excitation and show that there exists a pathway of proton transfer that bypasses the normal first excited state from the higher excited state to the tautomer from first excited state. The experimental data correlate with the electron density difference calculations such that the proton transfer process is faster on the longer excitation wavelength than compared to the shorter excitation wavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Wa Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Hoi Ling Luk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
- Correspondence: (H.L.L.); (D.L.P.)
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.L.); (D.L.P.)
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7
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Rehpenn A, Walter A, Storch G. Molecular Editing of Flavins for Catalysis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1458-2419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe diverse activity of flavoenzymes in organic transformations has fascinated researchers for a long time. However, when applied outside an enzyme environment, the isolated flavin cofactor only shows largely reduced activity. This highlights the importance of embedding the reactive isoalloxazine core of flavins in defined surroundings. The latter include crucial non-covalent interactions with amino acid side chains or backbone as well as controlled access to reactants such as molecular oxygen. Nevertheless, molecular flavins are increasingly applied in the organic laboratory as valuable organocatalysts. Chemical modification of the parent isoalloxazine structure is of particular interest in this context in order to achieve reactivity and selectivity in transformations, which are so far only known with flavoenzymes or even unprecedented. This review aims to give a systematic overview of the reported designed flavin catalysts and highlights the impact of each structural alteration. It is intended to serve as a source of information when comparing the performance of known catalysts, but also when designing new flavins. Over the last few decades, molecular flavin catalysis has emerged from proof-of-concept reactions to increasingly sophisticated transformations. This stimulates anticipating new flavin catalyst designs for solving contemporary challenges in organic synthesis.1 Introduction2 N1-Modification3 N3-Modification4 N5-Modification5 C6–C9-Modification6 N10-Modification7 Conclusion
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8
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Srivastava V, Singh PK, Srivastava A, Singh PP. Synthetic applications of flavin photocatalysis: a review. RSC Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00925g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Encouraging developments in the field of photocatalysis in last decades, biomolecules namely flavins have been observed to act as a catalyst in several photoredox-catalysed synthetic methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry
- CMP Degree College
- University of Allahabad
- Prayagraj 211002
- India
| | - Pravin K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- CMP Degree College
- University of Allahabad
- Prayagraj 211002
- India
| | - Arjita Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry
- CMP Degree College
- University of Allahabad
- Prayagraj 211002
- India
| | - Praveen P. Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- United College of Engineering & Research
- Prayagraj 211010
- India
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9
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Etz BD, DuClos JM, Vyas S. Investigating the Photochemistry of C7 and C8 Functionalized N(5)-Ethyl-flavinium Cation: A Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:4193-4201. [PMID: 32337990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Flavins are a diverse set of compounds with a wide variety of biological and nonbiological applications. Applications of flavins receiving attention recently consist of electro- and photocatalytic oxidation of substrates for organic synthesis, bioengineered nanotechnology, and water splitting catalysts, among others. While there is vast knowledge regarding the structure-property relationships of flavins and their electrochemistry, there is much less work elucidating the structure property relationships as they pertain to flavinium photochemistry. Herein, we report the effect of molecular tailoring on the molecular properties of N(5)-ethyl-flavinium cation (Et-Fl+), a derivative of the biocatalytic coenzyme riboflavin, by incorporating electron withdrawing and donating groups at the C7 and C8 position of the isoalloxazine ring. The presence of electron withdrawing groups at the C8 position caused a red shift in the absorption spectrum, while the electron donating groups caused a blue shift. Functionalization at the C7 position had the opposite effect on the absorption spectrum. The effects of single substitution were relatively negated with simultaneous functionalization at both the C8 and C7 positions. Difference density plots indicate no change in the nature of the S1 excited state, which was confirmed by optimization of the excited state geometries. The results presented in this study indicate that functionalization of the isoalloxazine unit affects the photophysical properties of N(5)-ethyl-flavinium cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Etz
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Julie M DuClos
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Shubham Vyas
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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10
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Guo H, Xia H, Ma X, Chen K, Dang C, Zhao J, Dick B. Efficient Photooxidation of Sulfides with Amidated Alloxazines as Heavy-atom-free Photosensitizers. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10586-10595. [PMID: 32426617 PMCID: PMC7227068 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photooxidation utilizing visible light, especially with naturally abundant O2 as the oxygen source, has been well-accepted as a sustainable and efficient procedure in organic synthesis. To ensure the intersystem crossing and triplet quantum yield for efficient photosensitization, we prepared amidated alloxazines (AAs) and investigated their photophysical properties and performance as heavy-atom-free triplet photosensitizers and compared with those of flavin (FL) and riboflavin tetraacetate (RFTA). Because of the difference in the framework structure of AAs and FL and the introduction of carbonyl moiety, the absorption of FL at ∼450 nm is blue-shifted to ∼380 nm and weakened (ε = 8.7 × 103 for FL to ∼6.8 × 103 M-1 cm-1), but the absorption at ∼340 nm is red-shifted to ∼350 nm and enhanced by ∼50% (from ε = 6.4 × 103 for FL to ∼9.9 × 103 M-1 cm-1) in AAs. The intersystem crossing rates from the S1 to T1 are also enhanced in these AAs derivatives, while the fluorescence quantum yield decreases from ∼30 to ∼7% for FL and AAs, respectively, making the triplet excited state lifetime and the singlet oxygen quantum yield of AAs at least comparable to those of FL and RFTA. We examined the performance of these heave-atom-free chromophores in the photooxidation of sulfides to afford sulfoxides. In accordance with the prolonged triplet excited state lifetime and enhanced triplet quantum yield, 2-5-fold performance enhancements were observed for AAs in the photooxidation of sulfides with respect to FL. We proposed that the key reactive oxygen species of AA-sensitized photooxidation are singlet oxygen and superoxide radical anion based on mechanistic investigations. The research highlights the superior performance of AAs in photocatalysis and would be helpful to rationalize the design of efficient heavy-atom-free organic photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Xia
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Kepeng Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Can Dang
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2, Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Bernhard Dick
- Institut
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
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11
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Abstract
Abstract
Thanks to rapid development in the last decades, flavins have been recognized as promising photoactive compounds to design new valuable synthetic methodologies based on photoredox catalysis. The review summarizes general photochemical properties of flavins as well as their early applications in transformations mediated by visible light. Special attention has been paid to the catalyst design for benzylic oxidations as well as to recent flavin applications, for example in E/Z-isomerization, [2+2] cycloaddition, cycloelimination, electrophilic chlorination and sulfide oxidation.
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12
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Sakai T, Kumoi T, Ishikawa T, Nitta T, Iida H. Comparison of riboflavin-derived flavinium salts applied to catalytic H 2O 2 oxidations. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:3999-4007. [PMID: 29766194 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00856f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of flavinium salts, 5-ethylisoalloxazinium, 5-ethylalloxazinium, and 1,10-ethylene-bridged alloxazinium triflates, were prepared from commercially available riboflavin. This study presents a comparison between their optical and redox properties, and their catalytic activity in H2O2 oxidations of sulfide, tertiary amine, and cyclobutanone. Reflecting the difference between the π-conjugated ring structures, the flavinium salts displayed very different redox properties, with reduction potentials in the order of: 5-ethylisoalloxazinium > 5-ethylalloxazinium > 1,10-ethylene-bridged alloxazinium. A comparison of their catalytic activity revealed that 5-ethylisoalloxazinium triflate specifically oxidises sulfide and cyclobutanone, and 5-ethylalloxazinium triflate smoothly oxidises tertiary amine. 1,10-Bridged alloxazinium triflate, which can be readily obtained from riboflavin in large quantities, showed moderate catalytic activity for the H2O2 oxidation of sulfide and cyclobutanone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan.
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13
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Guo H, Zhu L, Dang C, Zhao J, Dick B. Synthesis and photophysical properties of ruthenium(ii) polyimine complexes decorated with flavin. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:17504-17516. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02358a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescent emission from a flavin localized triplet excited state (3IL) is observed for the first time in a flavin decorated tris(dipyridine) Ru(ii) complex with strong visible light absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Can Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Bernhard Dick
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Regensburg
- Regensburg
- Germany
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14
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Korvinson KA, Hargenrader GN, Stevanovic J, Xie Y, Joseph J, Maslak V, Hadad CM, Glusac KD. Improved Flavin-Based Catalytic Photooxidation of Alcohols through Intersystem Crossing Rate Enhancement. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:7294-300. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b08405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A. Korvinson
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - George N. Hargenrader
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Jelena Stevanovic
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Yun Xie
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Jojo Joseph
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Veselin Maslak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Christopher M. Hadad
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ksenija D. Glusac
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
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15
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Park M, Kim S, Kwon H, Hong S, Im S, Ju SY. Selective Dispersion of Highly Pure Large-Diameter Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes by a Flavin for Thin-Film Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23270-23280. [PMID: 27538495 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Scalable and simple methods for selective extraction of pure, semiconducting (s) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is of profound importance for electronic and photovoltaic applications. We report a new, one-step procedure to obtain respective large-diameter s- and metallic (m)-SWNT enrichment purity in excess of 99% and 78%, respectively, via interaction between the aromatic dispersing agent and SWNTs. The approach utilizes N-dodecyl isoalloxazine (FC12) as a surfactant in conjunction with sonication and benchtop centrifugation methods. After centrifugation, the supernatant is enriched in s-SWNTs with less carbonaceous impurities, whereas precipitate is enhanced in m-SWNTs. In addition, the use of an increased centrifugal force enhances both the purity and population of larger diameter s-SWNTs. Photoinduced energy transfer from FC12 to SWNTs is facilitated by respective electronic level alignment. Owing to its peculiar photoreduction capability, FC12 can be employed to precipitate SWNTs upon UV irradiation and observe absorption of higher optical transitions of SWNTs. A thin-film transistor prepared from a dispersion of enriched s-SWNTs was fabricated to verify electrical performance of the sorted sample and was observed to display p-type conductance with an average on/off ratio over 10(6) and an average mobility over 10 cm(2)/V·s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Park
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Somin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeokjae Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukhyun Hong
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongil Im
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Ju
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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16
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Kuzmin AV, Neumann C, van Wilderen LJGW, Shainyan BA, Bredenbeck J. Exploring photochemistry of p-bromophenylsulfonyl, p-tolylsulfonyl and methylsulfonyl azides by ultrafast UV-pump–IR-probe spectroscopy and computations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:8662-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07636f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The photochemistry of three sulfonylazides was studied by femtosecond time-resolved infrared (TRIR) spectroscopy and quantum chemical computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Kuzmin
- Institute of Biophysics
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University
- 60438 Frankfurt
- Germany
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
| | - C. Neumann
- Institute of Biophysics
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University
- 60438 Frankfurt
- Germany
| | | | - B. A. Shainyan
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Science
- Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
| | - J. Bredenbeck
- Institute of Biophysics
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University
- 60438 Frankfurt
- Germany
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17
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Yang X, Walpita J, Mirzakulova E, Oottikkal S, Hadad CM, Glusac KD. Mechanistic Studies of Electrode-Assisted Catalytic Oxidation by Flavinium and Acridinium Cations. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs5005135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Janitha Walpita
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Ekaterina Mirzakulova
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Shameema Oottikkal
- Department
of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christopher M. Hadad
- Department
of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ksenija D. Glusac
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
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18
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Quick M, Weigel A, Ernsting NP. Fluorescence following Excited-State Protonation of Riboflavin at N(5). J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:5441-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp312571d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Quick
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Weigel
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus P. Ernsting
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Electrode-assisted catalytic water oxidation by a flavin derivative. Nat Chem 2012; 4:794-801. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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20
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Zhou D, Khatmullin R, Walpita J, Miller NA, Luk HL, Vyas S, Hadad CM, Glusac KD. Mechanistic Study of the Photochemical Hydroxide Ion Release from 9-Hydroxy-10-methyl-9-phenyl-9,10-dihydroacridine. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:11301-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3031888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio
43403, United States
| | - Renat Khatmullin
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio
43403, United States
| | - Janitha Walpita
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio
43403, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio
43403, United States
| | - Hoi Ling Luk
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Shubham Vyas
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christopher M. Hadad
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ksenija D. Glusac
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio
43403, United States
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21
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Kubicki J, Luk HL, Zhang Y, Vyas S, Peng HL, Hadad CM, Platz MS. Direct Observation of a Sulfonyl Azide Excited State and Its Decay Processes by Ultrafast Time-Resolved IR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7036-44. [PMID: 22462556 DOI: 10.1021/ja212085d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Kubicki
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory,
Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Hoi Ling Luk
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Shubham Vyas
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Huo-Lei Peng
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christopher M. Hadad
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Matthew S. Platz
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
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22
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Zhou D, Mirzakulova E, Khatmullin R, Schapiro I, Olivucci M, Glusac KD. Fast Excited-State Deactivation in N(5)-Ethyl-4a-hydroxyflavin Pseudobase. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:7136-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jp201903h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Ekaterina Mirzakulova
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Renat Khatmullin
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Igor Schapiro
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Massimo Olivucci
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Ksenija D. Glusac
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
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