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Ruiz C, Martín R, Benito A, Gutierrez E, Monge MÁ, Facchetti A, Termine R, Golemme A, Gómez-Lor B. Columnar Mesomorphism in a Methylthio-Decorated Triindole for Enhanced Charge Transport. ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2024; 6:4709-4717. [PMID: 38947954 PMCID: PMC11210202 DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.4c00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
We report a semiconducting triindole-based discotic liquid crystal (TRISMe) functionalized with six p-methylthiophenyl groups at its periphery. While initially a crystalline solid at room temperature, TRISMe transitions to a columnar hexagonal mesophase upon heating and retains this supramolecular organization upon subsequent cooling, despite having only three flexible alkyl chains attached to the core's nitrogens. The incorporation of methylthio groups effectively hinders tight molecular packing, stabilizing the columnar arrangement of this disk-shaped molecule. Single crystal analysis confirmed the high tendency of this compound to organize into a columnar architecture and the role played by the methylthio groups in reinforcing such structure. The mesomorphic behavior of TRISMe provides an opportunity for processing from its molten state. Notably, our research reveals significant differences in charge transport depending on the processing method, whether solution drop-casting or melt-based. TRISMe shows hole mobility values averaging 3 × 10-1 cm2 V-1 s-1 when incorporated in diode-type devices from the isotropic melt and annealed at the mesophase temperature, estimated by SCLC (space-charge-limited current) measurements. However, when integrated into solution-processed organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), crystalline TRISMe exhibits a hole mobility of 3 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1. The observed differences can be attributed to a beneficial supramolecular assembly achieved in the mesophase in spite of its lower order. These results emphasize the material's potential for applications in easy-to-process electronic devices and highlight the potential of methylthio moieties in promoting columnar mesophases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Ruiz
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Raúl Martín
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty
of Chemical and Technologies Sciences, University
of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Angela Benito
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Gutierrez
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Ángeles Monge
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Roberto Termine
- CNR
Nanotec UOS Rende, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Attilio Golemme
- CNR
Nanotec UOS Rende, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Berta Gómez-Lor
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Hernandez JJ, Anokhin DV, Rosenthal M, Zhu X, Ivanov DA. Homeotropic orientation of an ion-channel forming mesophase induced by nanotemplate wetting. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13412-13419. [PMID: 38647047 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05392j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes were used as templates to control orientation of an ion-channel forming columnar mesophase obtained by self assembly of a wedge-shaped sulfonate molecule. Inside the AAO structure, the director vector of the mesophase is oriented parallel to the pore axis due to the confinement effect. The molecular arrangement induced by the spatial confinement within the pores is extended over several microns into the remnant film on the AAO surface. The homeotropic alignment of the channels promotes unidimensional ion conduction through the film plane, which is manifested by a considerable increase in conductivity relative to isotropic samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime J Hernandez
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS UMR 7361, 15, rue Jean Starcky, F-68057 Mulhouse, France.
| | - Denis V Anokhin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), GSP-1, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991, Russian Federation
- Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russian Federation
| | - Martin Rosenthal
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS UMR 7361, 15, rue Jean Starcky, F-68057 Mulhouse, France.
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dimitri A Ivanov
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS UMR 7361, 15, rue Jean Starcky, F-68057 Mulhouse, France.
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), GSP-1, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991, Russian Federation
- Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russian Federation
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3
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Feringán B, Martínez-Bueno A, Sierra T, Giménez R. Triphenylamine-Containing Benzoic Acids: Synthesis, Liquid Crystalline and Redox Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072887. [PMID: 37049649 PMCID: PMC10096164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and liquid crystalline and electrochemical properties of novel triarylamines, in which the triphenylamine platform is non-symmetrically modified with a 4-(6-oxyhexyloxy)benzoic acid group, are reported. Compounds show columnar liquid crystalline behavior, as confirmed through the use of polarized optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. Electrochemical properties were measured using cyclic voltammperometry, obtaining low oxidation potentials and HOMO values that were optimum for consideration as organic semiconductors in hole transport layers. In addition, the photoredox activity of one of these derivatives in dichloromethane was studied under light irradiation. A photooxidation/assembly process under white light irradiation occurs without the assistance of hydrogen bonding amide functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Feringán
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martínez-Bueno
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Teresa Sierra
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel Giménez
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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4
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Kim T, Park JY, Hwang J, Seo G, Kim Y. Supramolecular Two-Dimensional Systems and Their Biological Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002405. [PMID: 32989841 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Various biological systems rely on the supramolecular assembly of biomolecules through noncovalent bonds for performing sophisticated functions. In particular, cell membranes, which are 2D structures in biological systems, have various characteristics such as a large surface, flexibility, and molecule-recognition ability. Supramolecular 2D materials based on biological systems provide a novel perspective for the development of functional 2D materials. The physical and chemical properties of 2D structures, attributed to their large surface area, can enhance the sensitivity of the detection of target molecules, molecular loading, and bioconjugation efficiency, suggesting the potential utility of functional 2D materials as candidates for biological systems. Although several types of studies on supramolecular 2D materials have been reported, supramolecular biofunctional 2D materials have not been reviewed previously. In this regard, the current advances in 2D material development using molecular assembly are discussed with respect to the rational design of self-assembling aromatic amphiphiles, the formation of 2D structures, and the biological applications of functional 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyeon Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Park
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Hwang
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gunhee Seo
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongju Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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5
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Prakash J, Khan S, Chauhan S, Biradar A. Metal oxide-nanoparticles and liquid crystal composites: A review of recent progress. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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6
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Zakharchenko BV, Khomenko DM, Doroshchuk RO, Raspertova IV, Starova VS, Trachevsky VV, Shova S, Severynovska OV, Martins LMDRS, Pombeiro AJL, Arion VB, Lampeka RD. New palladium( ii) complexes with 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole ligands as recyclable C–C coupling catalysts. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02278c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Compounds 4a–d revealed good catalytic activity and prospects for use as mesomorphic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borys V. Zakharchenko
- Department of Chemistry
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
- Kyiv 01601
- Ukraine
| | - Dmytro M. Khomenko
- Department of Chemistry
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
- Kyiv 01601
- Ukraine
| | - Roman O. Doroshchuk
- Department of Chemistry
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
- Kyiv 01601
- Ukraine
| | - Ilona V. Raspertova
- Department of Chemistry
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
- Kyiv 01601
- Ukraine
| | - Viktoriia S. Starova
- Department of Chemistry
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
- Kyiv 01601
- Ukraine
| | | | - Sergiu Shova
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- 700487 Iasi
- Romania
| | - Olga V. Severynovska
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry
- National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
- Kyiv 03164
- Ukraine
| | | | - Armando J. L. Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Vladimir B. Arion
- University of Vienna
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Rostyslav D. Lampeka
- Department of Chemistry
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
- Kyiv 01601
- Ukraine
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7
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Zou C, Wang J, Wang M, Wu Y, Gu K, Shen Z, Xiong G, Yang H, Jiang L, Ikeda T. Patterning of Discotic Liquid Crystals with Tunable Molecular Orientation for Electronic Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800557. [PMID: 29667319 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The large-area formation of functional micropatterns with liquid crystals is of great significance for diversified applications in interdisciplinary fields. Meanwhile, the control of molecular alignment in the patterns is fundamental and prerequisite for the adequate exploitation of their photoelectric properties. However, it would be extremely complicated and challenging for discotic liquid crystals (DLCs) to achieve the goal, because they are insensitive to external fields and surface chemistry. Herein, a simple method of patterning and aligning DLCs on flat substrates is disclosed through precise control of the formation and dewetting of the capillary liquid bridges, within which the DLC molecules are confined. Large-area uniform alignment occurs spontaneously due to directional shearing force when the solvent is slowly evaporated and programmable patterns could be directly generated on desired substrates. Moreover, the in-plane column direction of DLCs is tunable by slightly tailoring their chemical structures which changes their self-assembly behaviors in liquid bridges. The patterned DLCs show molecular orientation-dependent charge transport properties and are promising for templating self-assembly of other materials. The study provides a facile method for manipulation of the macroscopic patterns and microscopic molecular orientation which opens up new opportunities for electronic applications of DLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jingxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kehua Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhihao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guirong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Huai Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Tomiki Ikeda
- Research and Development Initiative, Chuo University, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
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8
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Lugger J, Mulder DJ, Sijbesma R, Schenning A. Nanoporous Polymers Based on Liquid Crystals. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E104. [PMID: 29324669 PMCID: PMC5793602 DOI: 10.3390/ma11010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the present review, we discuss recent advances in the field of nanoporous networks based on polymerisable liquid crystals. The field has matured in the last decade, yielding polymers having 1D, 2D, and 3D channels with pore sizes on the nanometer scale. Next to the current progress, some of the future challenges are presented, with the integration of nanoporous membranes in functional devices considered as the biggest challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody Lugger
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Dirk Jan Mulder
- Laboratory of Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Dutch Polymer Institute, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Rint Sijbesma
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Albert Schenning
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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9
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Liu X, Li H, Kim Y, Lee M. Assembly–disassembly switching of self-sorted nanotubules forming dynamic 2-D porous heterostructure. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3102-3105. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01177j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-sorted tubules and sheets are reversibly merged into 2-D porous heterostructure in response to a pH change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Huichang Li
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Yongju Kim
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Myongsoo Lee
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
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10
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Cuerva C, Campo JA, Cano M, Schmidt R. Nanostructured discotic Pd(ii) metallomesogens as one-dimensional proton conductors. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:96-105. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03521c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bis(isoquinolinylpyrazolate) Pd(ii) metallomesogens may be a promising step forward in the design of highly-stable proton conducting water-free electrolyte materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián Cuerva
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Ciudad Universitaria
- E-28040 Madrid
| | - José A. Campo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Ciudad Universitaria
- E-28040 Madrid
| | - Mercedes Cano
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica I
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Ciudad Universitaria
- E-28040 Madrid
| | - Rainer Schmidt
- GFMC. Departamento de Física Aplicada III
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Ciudad Universitaria
- E-28040 Madrid
- Spain
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11
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Sayed SM, Lin BP, Yang H. Generation of liquid crystallinity from a Td-symmetry central unit. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:6148-6156. [PMID: 27357571 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01019a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of new columnar liquid crystals containing an adamantane central unit with its four bridgehead positions partially or fully decorated with different numbers (1-4) of 3,4,5-tris(dodecyloxy)phenyl carbamoyl groups were designed and investigated carefully to explore the structure-property correlations. The molecular structures and mesomorphic properties of the DLCs were characterized by (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, IR, UV-vis, POM, DSC and XRD. It was found that the mesophase symmetry and thermal stability were extremely dependent on the structures of the adamantane derivatives. No mesophase was observed for the 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid derivative ADLC1, while two different mesophases were observed for ADLC2, a 1,3-disubstituted derivative functionalized with two 3,4,5-tris(dodecyloxy)phenyl carbamoyl groups at two symmetric bridgehead positions. At lower temperature ADLC2 exhibited a rectangular columnar phase, which switched to a square columnar phase possessing a wide temperature range. Similarly, a hexagonal columnar mesophase was observed for the bridgehead trisubstituted adamantane molecule ADLC3. Interestingly, the fully bridgehead-functionalized 1,3,5,7-tetrasubstituted adamantane compound ADLC4 completely lost liquid crystallinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mir Sayed
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Bao-Ping Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Engineering Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
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12
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Yaduvanshi P, Mishra A, Kumar S, Dhar R. Enhancement in the thermodynamic, electrical and optical properties of hexabutoxytriphenylene due to copper nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Całus S, Kityk AV, Borowik L, Lefort R, Morineau D, Krause C, Schönhals A, Busch M, Huber P. High-resolution dielectric study reveals pore-size-dependent orientational order of a discotic liquid crystal confined in tubular nanopores. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:012503. [PMID: 26274191 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.012503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We report a high-resolution dielectric study on a pyrene-based discotic liquid crystal (DLC) in the bulk state and confined in parallel tubular nanopores of monolithic silica and alumina membranes. The positive dielectric anisotropy of the DLC molecule at low frequencies (in the quasistatic case) allows us to explore the thermotropic collective orientational order. A face-on arrangement of the molecular discs on the pore walls and a corresponding radial arrangement of the molecules is found. In contrast to the bulk, the isotropic-to-columnar transition of the confined DLC is continuous, shifts with decreasing pore diameter to lower temperatures, and exhibits a pronounced hysteresis between cooling and heating. These findings corroborate conclusions from previous neutron and x-ray-scattering experiments as well as optical birefringence measurements. Our study also indicates that the relative simple dielectric technique presented here is a quite efficient method in order to study the thermotropic orientational order of DLC-based nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Całus
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Andriy V Kityk
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Lech Borowik
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Ronan Lefort
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Denis Morineau
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Christina Krause
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, D-12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Schönhals
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, D-12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mark Busch
- Institute of Materials Physics and Technology, Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), D-21073 Hamburg-Harburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Huber
- Institute of Materials Physics and Technology, Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), D-21073 Hamburg-Harburg, Germany
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14
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15
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Domoto Y, Busseron E, Maaloum M, Moulin E, Giuseppone N. Control over nanostructures and associated mesomorphic properties of doped self-assembled triarylamine liquid crystals. Chemistry 2014; 21:1938-48. [PMID: 25483214 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized a series of triarylamine-cored molecules equipped with an adjacent amide moiety and dendritic peripheral tails in a variety of modes. We show by (1) H NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy that their supramolecular self-assembly can be promoted in solution upon light stimulation and radical initiation. In addition, we have probed their molecular arrangements and mesomorphic properties in the bulk by integrated studies on their film state by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), variable-temperature polarizing optical microscopy (VT-POM), variable-temperature X-ray diffraction (VT-XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Differences in the number and the disposition of the peripheral tails significantly affect their mesomorphic properties associated with their lamellar- or columnar-packed nanostructures, which are based on segregated stacks of the triphenylamine cores and the lipophilic/lipophobic periphery. Such structural tuning is of interest for implementation of these soft self-assemblies as electroactive materials from solution to mesophases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Domoto
- SAMS research group University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 (France); Present address: Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo (Japan)
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Liu XY, Usui T, Hanna J. Self-Directed Orientation of Molecular Columns Based on n-Type Hexaazatrinaphthylenes (HATNAs) for Electron Transport. Chemistry 2014; 20:14207-12. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Honglawan A, Yang S. Directing 3D Topological Defects in Smectic Liquid Crystals and Their Applications as an Emerging Class of Building Blocks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-04867-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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18
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Cuerva C, Campo JA, Ovejero P, Torres MR, Cano M. Polycatenar pyrazole and pyrazolate ligands as building blocks of new columnar Pd(ii) metallomesogens. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:8849-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00369a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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da Silveira Rampon D, da Silveira Santos F, Descalzo RR, Toldo JM, Gonçalves PFB, Schneider PH, Rodembusch FS. Ground and excited state properties of chalcogenol esters: a combined theoretical and experimental study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel da Silveira Rampon
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500. CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica e Materiais Inteligentes - LASOMI; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Fabiano da Silveira Santos
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500. CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Novos Materiais Orgânicos e Fotoquímica; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Roceti Descalzo
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500. CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- Grupo de Química Teórica; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Josene Maria Toldo
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500. CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- Grupo de Química Teórica; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Paulo Fernando Bruno Gonçalves
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500. CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- Grupo de Química Teórica; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Schneider
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500. CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica e Materiais Inteligentes - LASOMI; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Fabiano Severo Rodembusch
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500. CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Novos Materiais Orgânicos e Fotoquímica; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
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20
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Ramanathan M, Darling SB. Nanofabrication with metallopolymers - recent developments and future perspectives. POLYM INT 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muruganathan Ramanathan
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - Seth B. Darling
- Center for Nanoscale Materials; Argonne National Laboratory; Argonne IL 60439 USA
- Institute for Molecular Engineering; University of Chicago; Chicago IL 60637 USA
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21
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Kamei T, Kato T, Itoh E, Ohta K. Discotic liquid crystals of transition metal complexes 47: synthesis of phthalocyanine-fullerene dyads showing spontaneous homeotropic alignment. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424612501349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In previous work, we successfully synthesized the first columnar liquid crystalline 1:1 phthalocyanine(Pc)-fullerene( C60 ) dyad, C12(OMalC60)PcCu (4), showing spontaneous homeotropic alignment, by using Bingel reaction. However, it gave undesirable 2:1 and 3:1 Pc- C60 by-products at the same time, so that the 1:1 Pc- C60 dyad (4) could be obtained in a very low yield (20%). On the other hand, in this work we have prepared novel Pc- C60 dyads, C12(OFbaC60)PcM (8: M = Co (a), Ni (b) and Cu (c)), by using Prato reaction. Very interestingly, it gave almost only the target 1:1 Pc- C60 dyads 8a–8c in very high yields (81–96%) with negligible amount of Pc- C60 by-products. These dyads 8a–8c and the precursor Pc derivatives were characterized by polarizing microscope, differential scanning calorimeter and temperature-dependent X-ray diffractometer. Thus, it was revealed that each of the dyads and precursors shows spontaneous homeotropic alignment in their Coltet mesophase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenpei Kamei
- Smart Material Science and Technology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 1-15-1 Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kato
- Smart Material Science and Technology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 1-15-1 Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Eiji Itoh
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuchika Ohta
- Smart Material Science and Technology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 1-15-1 Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
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22
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Wang L, Cui Q, Chen XF, Li Y, Li ZQ, Wang D, Yang H. Novel Electric Responsive Columnar Liquid Crystals based on Perylene Tetra sec-alkyl Ester Derivatives. Aust J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/ch13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel perylene tetra sec-alkyl ester compounds were successfully designed and synthesised. The photophysical properties were investigated and the UV absorption and fluorescence emission spectra displayed a mirror-image relationship. The compound PS8 showed the highest fluorescent quantum yield, while the fluorescence of PS8 was quenched in the aggregated state in mixed solvents. Moreover, the electrochemical properties of the perylene derivatives were studied to determine the molecules’ highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels by cyclic voltammetry. The most important result was that PS8 exhibited a columnar phase at room temperature and was responsive to an electric field. PS8 could perpendicularly orient to an applied electric field. In addition, highly oriented face-on alignment was achieved on indium tin oxide-covered glass by thermal annealing.
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23
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Ariyoshi M, Sugibayashi-Kajita M, Suzuki-Ichihara A, Kato T, Kamei T, Itoh E, Ohta K. Discotic liquid crystals of transition metal complexes 44: synthesis of hexaphenoxy-substituted phthalocyanine derivatives showing spontaneous perfect homeotropic alignment. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424612500976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized novel hexaphenoxy-substituted phthalocyanine derivatives, 2-(12-hydroxydodecyloxy)-3-methoxy-9,10,16,17,23,24-hexakis(3,4-di-n-alkoxyphenoxy)phthalocyaninato copper(II) (abbreviated as Cn(OC12OH)PcCu : n = 10, 12, 14), and investigated their columnar mesomorphism and homeotropic alignment property. These hexaphenoxy-substituted Pc derivatives could be successfully isolated and purified from the mixture products by polarity difference. It was revealed by using polarizing optical microscopic observations, differential scanning calorimetry and temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction studies that each of the hexaphenoxy-substituted Pc derivatives has plural mesophases, and that the tetragonal columnar (Coltet) mesophase shows spontaneous perfect homeotropic alignment between two non-surface-treated glass plates without any defects and polydomain boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Ariyoshi
- Smart Material Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience and Textile Technology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 1-15-1 Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Makiko Sugibayashi-Kajita
- Smart Material Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience and Textile Technology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 1-15-1 Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Ayumi Suzuki-Ichihara
- Smart Material Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience and Textile Technology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 1-15-1 Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kato
- Smart Material Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience and Textile Technology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 1-15-1 Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Tenpei Kamei
- Smart Material Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience and Textile Technology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 1-15-1 Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Eiji Itoh
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuchika Ohta
- Smart Material Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience and Textile Technology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 1-15-1 Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
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24
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Kang H, Joo SW, Kang DS. Photopolymerization-Induced Vertical Phase Separation and Homeotropic Alignment in Liquid Crystal and Polymer Mixtures. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.8.2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Honglawan A, Beller DA, Cavallaro M, Kamien RD, Stebe KJ, Yang S. Pillar-assisted epitaxial assembly of toric focal conic domains of smectic-a liquid crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:5519-5523. [PMID: 22002340 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201103008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
SU-8 pillar-assisted epitaxial assembly of toric focal conic domains (TFCDs) arrays of smectic-A liquid crystals is studied. The 3D nature of the pillar array is crucial to confine and direct the formation of TFCDs on the top of each pillar and between neighboring pillars, leading to highly ordered square and hexagonal array TFCDs. Excellent agreement between the experimentally obtained critical pillar diameter and elasticity calculation is found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apiradee Honglawan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
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Gallardo H, Ferreira M, Vieira AA, Westphal E, Molin F, Eccher J, Bechtold IH. Columnar mesomorphism of bent-rod mesogens containing 1,2,4-oxadiazole rings. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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