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de Santis A, Scoppola E, Ottaviani MF, Koutsioubas A, Barnsley LC, Paduano L, D’Errico G, Russo Krauss I. Order vs. Disorder: Cholesterol and Omega-3 Phospholipids Determine Biomembrane Organization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105322. [PMID: 35628128 PMCID: PMC9140907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid structural diversity strongly affects biomembrane chemico-physical and structural properties in addition to membrane-associated events. At high concentrations, cholesterol increases membrane order and rigidity, while polyunsaturated lipids are reported to increase disorder and flexibility. How these different tendencies balance in composite bilayers is still controversial. In this study, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, small angle neutron scattering, and neutron reflectivity were used to investigate the structural properties of cholesterol-containing lipid bilayers in the fluid state with increasing amounts of polyunsaturated omega-3 lipids. Either the hybrid 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or the symmetric 1,2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine were added to the mixture of the naturally abundant 1-palmitoyl-2-oleyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and cholesterol. Our results indicate that the hybrid and the symmetric omega-3 phospholipids affect the microscopic organization of lipid bilayers differently. Cholesterol does not segregate from polyunsaturated phospholipids and, through interactions with them, is able to suppress the formation of non-lamellar structures induced by the symmetric polyunsaturated lipid. However, this order/disorder balance leads to a bilayer whose structural organization cannot be ascribed to either a liquid ordered or to a canonical liquid disordered phase, in that it displays a very loose packing of the intermediate segments of lipid chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusta de Santis
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (A.d.S.); (L.P.)
- CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), I-50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Ernesto Scoppola
- Max Planck Institut für Kolloid und Grenzflächenforschung, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
| | | | - Alexandros Koutsioubas
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), 85748 Garching, Germany; (A.K.); (L.C.B.)
| | - Lester C. Barnsley
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), 85748 Garching, Germany; (A.K.); (L.C.B.)
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (A.d.S.); (L.P.)
- CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), I-50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Gerardino D’Errico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (A.d.S.); (L.P.)
- CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), I-50019 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.D.); (I.R.K.)
| | - Irene Russo Krauss
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (A.d.S.); (L.P.)
- CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), I-50019 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.D.); (I.R.K.)
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2
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Luchini A, Cavasso D, Radulescu A, D'Errico G, Paduano L, Vitiello G. Structural Organization of Cardiolipin-Containing Vesicles as Models of the Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membrane. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:8508-8516. [PMID: 34213914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial cytoplasmic membrane is the innermost bacterial membrane and is mainly composed of three different phospholipid species, i.e., phosphoethanolamine (PE), phosphoglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin (CL). In particular, PG and CL are responsible for the negative charge of the membrane and are often the targets of cationic antimicrobial agents. The growing resistance of bacteria toward the available antibiotics requires the development of new and more efficient antibacterial drugs. In this context, studying the physicochemical properties of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane is pivotal for understanding drug-membrane interactions at the molecular level as well as for designing drug-testing platforms. Here, we discuss the preparation and characterization of PE/PG/CL vesicle suspensions, which contain all of the main lipid components of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. The vesicle suspensions were characterized by means of small-angle neutron scattering, dynamic light scattering, and electron paramagnetic spectroscopy. By combining solution scattering and spectroscopy techniques, we propose a detailed description of the impact of different CL concentrations on the structure and dynamics of the PE/PG bilayer. CL induces the formation of thicker bilayers, which exhibit higher curvature and are overall more fluid. The experimental results contribute to shed light on the structure and dynamics of relevant model systems of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Luchini
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Domenico Cavasso
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Aurel Radulescu
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Garching Forschungszentrum, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, D-85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI, Italy
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vitiello
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
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3
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Luchini A, Vitiello G. Mimicking the Mammalian Plasma Membrane: An Overview of Lipid Membrane Models for Biophysical Studies. Biomimetics (Basel) 2020; 6:biomimetics6010003. [PMID: 33396534 PMCID: PMC7838988 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics6010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell membranes are very complex biological systems including a large variety of lipids and proteins. Therefore, they are difficult to extract and directly investigate with biophysical methods. For many decades, the characterization of simpler biomimetic lipid membranes, which contain only a few lipid species, provided important physico-chemical information on the most abundant lipid species in cell membranes. These studies described physical and chemical properties that are most likely similar to those of real cell membranes. Indeed, biomimetic lipid membranes can be easily prepared in the lab and are compatible with multiple biophysical techniques. Lipid phase transitions, the bilayer structure, the impact of cholesterol on the structure and dynamics of lipid bilayers, and the selective recognition of target lipids by proteins, peptides, and drugs are all examples of the detailed information about cell membranes obtained by the investigation of biomimetic lipid membranes. This review focuses specifically on the advances that were achieved during the last decade in the field of biomimetic lipid membranes mimicking the mammalian plasma membrane. In particular, we provide a description of the most common types of lipid membrane models used for biophysical characterization, i.e., lipid membranes in solution and on surfaces, as well as recent examples of their applications for the investigation of protein-lipid and drug-lipid interactions. Altogether, promising directions for future developments of biomimetic lipid membranes are the further implementation of natural lipid mixtures for the development of more biologically relevant lipid membranes, as well as the development of sample preparation protocols that enable the incorporation of membrane proteins in the biomimetic lipid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Luchini
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Giuseppe Vitiello
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
- CSGI-Center for Colloid and Surface Science, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
- Correspondence:
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4
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de Santis A, Vitiello G, Appavou MS, Scoppola E, Fragneto G, Barnsley LC, Clifton LA, Ottaviani MF, Paduano L, Russo Krauss I, D'Errico G. Not just a fluidifying effect: omega-3 phospholipids induce formation of non-lamellar structures in biomembranes. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10425-10438. [PMID: 33165495 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01549k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is found in very high concentrations in a few peculiar tissues, suggesting that it must have a specialized role. DHA was proposed to affect the function of the cell membrane and related proteins through an indirect mechanism of action, based on the DHA-phospholipid effects on the lipid bilayer structure. In this respect, most studies have focused on its influence on lipid-rafts, somehow neglecting the analysis of effects on liquid disordered phases that constitute most of the cell membranes, by reporting in these cases only a general fluidifying effect. In this study, by combining neutron reflectivity, cryo-transmission electron microscopy, small angle neutron scattering, dynamic light scattering and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we characterize liquid disordered bilayers formed by the naturally abundant 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and different contents of a di-DHA glycero-phosphocholine, 22:6-22:6PC, from both a molecular/microscopic and supramolecular/mesoscopic viewpoint. We show that, below a threshold concentration of about 40% molar percent, incorporation of 22:6-22:6PC in the membrane increases the lipid dynamics slightly but sufficiently to promote the membrane deformation and increase of multilamellarity. Notably, beyond this threshold, 22:6-22:6PC disfavours the formation of lamellar phases, leading to a phase separation consisting mostly of small spherical particles that coexist with a minority portion of a lipid blob with water-filled cavities. Concurrently, from a molecular viewpoint, the polyunsaturated acyl chains tend to fold and expose the termini to the aqueous medium. We propose that this peculiar tendency is a key feature of the DHA-phospholipids making them able to modulate the local morphology of biomembranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusta de Santis
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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5
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Di Marino D, Bruno A, Grimaldi M, Scrima M, Stillitano I, Amodio G, Della Sala G, Romagnoli A, De Santis A, Moltedo O, Remondelli P, Boccia G, D'Errico G, D'Ursi AM, Limongelli V. Binding of the Anti-FIV Peptide C8 to Differently Charged Membrane Models: From First Docking to Membrane Tubulation. Front Chem 2020; 8:493. [PMID: 32676493 PMCID: PMC7333769 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gp36 is the virus envelope glycoproteins catalyzing the fusion of the feline immunodeficiency virus with the host cells. The peptide C8 is a tryptophan-rich peptide corresponding to the fragment 770W-I777 of gp36 exerting antiviral activity by binding the membrane cell and inhibiting the virus entry. Several factors, including the membrane surface charge, regulate the binding of C8 to the lipid membrane. Based on the evidence that imperceptible variation of membrane charge may induce a dramatic effect in several critical biological events, in the present work we investigate the effect induced by systematic variation of charge in phospholipid bilayers on the aptitude of C8 to interact with lipid membranes, the tendency of C8 to assume specific conformational states and the re-organization of the lipid bilayer upon the interaction with C8. Accordingly, employing a bottom-up multiscale protocol, including CD, NMR, ESR spectroscopy, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, and confocal microscopy, we studied C8 in six membrane models composed of different ratios of zwitterionic/negatively charged phospholipids. Our data show that charge content modulates C8-membrane binding with significant effects on the peptide conformations. C8 in micelle solution or in SUV formed by DPC or DOPC zwitterionic phospholipids assumes regular β-turn structures that are progressively destabilized as the concentration of negatively charged SDS or DOPG phospholipids exceed 40%. Interaction of C8 with zwitterionic membrane surface is mediated by Trp1 and Trp4 that are deepened in the membrane, forming H-bonds and cation-π interactions with the DOPC polar heads. Additional stabilizing salt bridge interactions involve Glu2 and Asp3. MD and ESR data show that the C8-membrane affinity increases as the concentration of zwitterionic phospholipid increases. In the lipid membrane characterized by an excess of zwitterionic phospholipids, C8 is adsorbed at the membrane interface, inducing a stiffening of the outer region of the DOPC bilayer. However, the bound of C8 significantly perturbs the whole organization of lipid bilayer resulting in membrane remodeling. These events, measurable as a variation of the bilayer thickness, are the onset mechanism of the membrane fusion and vesicle tubulation observed in confocal microscopy by imaging zwitterionic MLVs in the presence of C8 peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Agostino Bruno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Mario Scrima
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Amodio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Grazia Della Sala
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alice Romagnoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Augusta De Santis
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ornella Moltedo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Paolo Remondelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boccia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Vittorio Limongelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Computational Science, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
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6
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NMR Structure of the FIV gp36 C-Terminal Heptad Repeat and Membrane-Proximal External Region. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062037. [PMID: 32188158 PMCID: PMC7139756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), a lentivirus causing an immunodeficiency syndrome in cats, represents a relevant model of pre-screening therapies for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The envelope glycoproteins gp36 in FIV and gp41 in HIV mediate the fusion of the virus with the host cell membrane. They have a common structural framework in the C-terminal region that includes a Trp-rich membrane-proximal external region (MPER) and a C-terminal heptad repeat (CHR). MPER is essential for the correct positioning of gp36 on the lipid membrane, whereas CHR is essential for the stabilization of the low-energy six-helical bundle (6HB) that is necessary for the fusion of the virus envelope with the cell membrane. Conformational data for gp36 are missing, and several aspects of the MPER structure of different lentiviruses are still debated. In the present work, we report the structural investigation of a gp36 construct that includes the MPER and part of the CHR domain (737-786gp36 CHR–MPER). Using 2D and 3D homo and heteronuclear NMR spectra on 15N and 13C double-labelled samples, we solved the NMR structure in micelles composed of dodecyl phosphocholine (DPC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) 90/10 M: M. The structure of 737-786gp36 CHR–MPER is characterized by a helix–turn–helix motif, with a regular α-helix and a moderately flexible 310 helix, characterizing the CHR and the MPER domains, respectively. The two helices are linked by a flexible loop regulating their orientation at a ~43° angle. We investigated the positioning of 737-786gp36 CHR–MPER on the lipid membrane using spin label-enhanced NMR and ESR spectroscopies. On a different scale, using confocal microscopy imaging, we studied the effect of 737-786gp36 CHR–MPER on 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1’-rac-glycerol) (DOPC/DOPG) multilamellar vesicles (MLVs). This effect results in membrane budding and tubulation that is reminiscent of a membrane-plasticizing role that is typical of MPER domains during the event in which the virus envelope merges with the host cell membrane.
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7
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Bhatt Mitra J, Sharma VK, Mukherjee A, Garcia Sakai V, Dash A, Kumar M. Ubiquicidin-Derived Peptides Selectively Interact with the Anionic Phospholipid Membrane. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:397-408. [PMID: 31793791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquicidin (UBI)/ribosomal protein S30 (RS30) is an intracellular protein with antimicrobial activities against various pathogens. UBI (29-41) and UBI (31-38) are two crucial peptides derived from Ubiquicidin, which have shown potential as infection imaging probes. Here, we report the interactions of UBI-derived peptides with anionic and zwitterionic phospholipid membranes. Our isothermal titration calorimetry results show that both peptides selectively interact with the anionic phospholipid membrane (a model bacterial membrane) and reside mainly on the membrane surface. The interaction of UBI-derived peptides with the anionic phospholipid membrane is exothermic and driven by both enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS), with the entropic term TΔS being greater than ΔH. This large entropic term can be a result of the aggregation of the anionic vesicles, which is confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. DLS data show that vesicle aggregation is enhanced with increasing peptide-to-lipid molar ratios (P/L) and is found to be more pronounced in the case of UBI (29-41). DLS results are found to be consistent with independent transmission measurements. To study the effects of UBI-derived peptides on the microscopic dynamics of the model bacterial membrane, quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) measurements have been carried out. The QENS results show that both peptides restrict the lateral motion of the lipid within the leaflet. UBI (29-41) acts as a stronger stiffening agent, hindering the lateral diffusion of lipids more efficiently than UBI (31-38). To our knowledge, this is the first report illustrating the mechanism of interaction of UBI-derived peptides with model membranes. This study also has implications for the improvement and design of antimicrobial peptide-based infection imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Archana Mukherjee
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094 , India
| | - V Garcia Sakai
- ISIS Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council , Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot OX11 0QX , U.K
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094 , India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094 , India
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8
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Structural basis of antiviral activity of peptides from MPER of FIV gp36. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204042. [PMID: 30240422 PMCID: PMC6150481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a naturally occurring Lentivirus causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in felines. It is considered a useful non-primate model to study HIV infection, and to test anti-HIV vaccine. Similarly to HIV, FIV enters cells via a mechanism involving a surface glycoprotein named gp36. C8 is a short synthetic peptide corresponding to the residues 770WEDWVGWI777 of gp36 membrane proximal external region (MPER). It elicits antiviral activity by inhibiting the fusion of the FIV and host cell membrane. C8 is endowed with evident membrane binding property, inducing alteration of the phospholipid bilayer and membrane fusion. The presence and the position of tryptophan residues in C8 are important for antiviral activity: the C8 derivative C6a, obtained by truncating the N-terminal 770WE771 residues, exhibits conserved antiviral activity, while the C8 derivative C6b, derived from the truncation of the C-terminal 776WI777, is nearly inactive. To elucidate the structural factors that induce the different activity profiles of C6a and C6b, in spite of their similarity, we investigated the structural behaviour of the two peptides in membrane mimicking environments. Conformational data on the short peptides C6a and C6b, matched to those of their parent peptide C8, allow describing a pharmacophore model of antiviral fusion inhibitors. This includes the essential structural motifs to design new simplified molecules overcoming the pharmacokinetic and high cost limitations affecting the antiviral entry inhibitors that currently are in therapy.
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9
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Structural organization of lipid-functionalized-Au nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 168:2-9. [PMID: 29728291 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are considered suitable systems for drug delivery and diagnostics with several applications in biomedicine. Size, shape and surface functionalization of these nanoparticles are important parameters influencing their behavior in a biological environment. This study describes the preparation and the characterization of lysophosphocholine coated AuNPs by means of Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and Fluorescence Spectroscopy. In particular the structure of the functionalized AuNP suspension, as well as the physical properties, of the nanoparticle organic coating are discussed. The experimental results indicated that functionalized lysophosphocholine-AuNPs form aggregates, which are composed by nanoparticles with core-shell structure. Nevertheless, the nanoparticle suspension resulted to be stable, without significant structural rearrangements even when the temperature was increased to 50 °C. At the same time, experimental evidences also suggested that the 18LPC layer around AuNPs presented a reduced chain packing compared to pure 18LPC aggregates.
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10
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Li AJ, Xie W, Wang M, Xu SC. Molecular Mechanism and Dynamics of S-Deoxyephedrine Moving through Molecular Channels within D 3R. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8896-8910. [PMID: 31457418 PMCID: PMC6645573 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the trajectories of S-deoxyephedrine (SBD) along molecular channels within the complex protein structure of third dopamine receptor (D3R) are analyzed via molecular dynamic techniques, including potential mean force calculations of umbrella samplings from the 4.5 version of the GROMACS program. Changes in free energy due to the movement of SBD within D3R are determined, and the molecular dynamic mechanisms of SBD transmitting along molecular channels are probed. Molecular simulated results show that the change in free energy is calculated as 171.7 kJ·mol-1 for the transmission of SBD toward the outside of the cell along the y+ axis functional molecular channel and is 275.0 kJ·mol-1 for movement toward the intracellular structure along the y- axis. Within the internal structure of D3R, the changes in free energy are determined to be 103.6, 242.1, 459.7, and 127.8 kJ·mol-1 for transmission of SBD along the x+, x-, z+, and z- axes, respectively, toward the cell bilayer membrane, which indicates that SBD leaves much more easily along the x+ axis through the gap between the TM5 (the fifth transmembrane helix) and TM6 (the sixth transmembrane helix) from the internal structure of D3R. The values of free-energy changes indicate that SBD molecules can clear the protective channel within D3R, which helps dopamine molecules to leave the D3R internal structure along the x+ axis and to prevent them for exerting excessive neurotransmitter function. Therefore, our results suggest that SBD is effective for development as a drug for treating schizophrenia and its pharmacology is closely related to its dynamics and mechanisms within the molecular pathway of dopamine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Jing Li
- College
of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy and Key Laboratory
of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R.
China
| | - Wei Xie
- College
of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy and Key Laboratory
of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R.
China
| | - Ming Wang
- College
of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy and Key Laboratory
of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R.
China
| | - Si Chuan Xu
- College
of Chemical Science and Technology and Pharmacy and Key Laboratory
of Education Ministry for Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R.
China
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11
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Vitiello G, Musumeci D, Koutsioubas A, Paduano L, Montesarchio D, D'Errico G. Ionophores at work: Exploring the interaction of guanosine-based amphiphiles with phospholipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:2392-2401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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12
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Falanga A, Lombardi L, Tarallo R, Franci G, Perillo E, Palomba L, Galdiero M, Pontoni D, Fragneto G, Weck M, Galdiero S. The intriguing journey of gH625-dendrimers. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28405a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge of the mechanism used by vectors to gain access to cell interiors is key to the development of effective drug delivery tools for different pathologies.
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13
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Oliva R, Emendato A, Vitiello G, De Santis A, Grimaldi M, D'Ursi AM, Busi E, Del Vecchio P, Petraccone L, D'Errico G. On the microscopic and mesoscopic perturbations of lipid bilayers upon interaction with the MPER domain of the HIV glycoprotein gp41. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:1904-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Peng B, Ding XY, Sun C, Liu W, Zhang JZH, Zhao X. The effect of POPC acyl chains packing by aromatic amino acid methyl esters investigated by ATR-FTIR combined with QM calculations. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05903a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The packing of POPC acyl chains can be influenced by aromatic amino acid methyl esters significantly, thus the HCCH motif is packed closed to the other one of an adjacent acyl chain with enhancement by dispersion interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance
- Department of Physics
- School of Physics and Materials Science
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
| | - Xiao-Yan Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance
- Department of Physics
- School of Physics and Materials Science
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
| | - Chao Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance
- Department of Physics
- School of Physics and Materials Science
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy
- Department of Physics
- School of Physics and Materials Science
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
| | - John Z. H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy
- Department of Physics
- School of Physics and Materials Science
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
| | - Xin Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance
- Department of Physics
- School of Physics and Materials Science
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
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15
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Foglia F, Lawrence M, Barlow D. Studies of model biological and bio-mimetic membrane structure: Reflectivity vs diffraction, a critical comparison. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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16
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Vitiello G, Falanga A, Petruk AA, Merlino A, Fragneto G, Paduano L, Galdiero S, D'Errico G. Fusion of raft-like lipid bilayers operated by a membranotropic domain of the HSV-type I glycoprotein gH occurs through a cholesterol-dependent mechanism. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:3003-3016. [PMID: 25734956 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02769h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A wealth of evidence indicates that lipid rafts are involved in the fusion of the viral lipid envelope with the target cell membrane. However, the interplay between these sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched ordered domains and viral fusion glycoproteins has not yet been clarified. In this work we investigate the molecular mechanism by which a membranotropic fragment of the glycoprotein gH of the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) type I (gH625) drives fusion of lipid bilayers formed by palmitoyl oleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC)-sphingomyelin (SM)-cholesterol (CHOL) (1 : 1 : 1 wt/wt/wt), focusing on the role played by each component. The comparative analysis of the liposome fusion assays, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), spectrofluorimetry, Neutron Reflectivity (NR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) experiments, and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations shows that CHOL is fundamental for liposome fusion to occur. In detail, CHOL stabilizes the gH625-bilayer association by specific interactions with the peptide Trp residue. The interaction with gH625 causes an increased order of the lipid acyl chains, whose local rotational motion is significantly hampered. SM plays only a minor role in the process, favoring the propagation of lipid perturbation to the bilayer inner core. The stiffening of the peptide-interacting bilayer leaflet results in an asymmetric perturbation of the membrane, which is locally destabilized thus favoring fusion events. Our results show that viral fusion glycoproteins are optimally suited to exert a high fusogenic activity on lipid rafts and support the relevance of cholesterol as a key player of membrane-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Vitiello
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
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17
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Vitiello G, Luchini A, D'Errico G, Santamaria R, Capuozzo A, Irace C, Montesarchio D, Paduano L. Cationic liposomes as efficient nanocarriers for the drug delivery of an anticancer cholesterol-based ruthenium complex. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:3011-3023. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01807a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cationic nanovectors loaded with Ru-based nucleolipids exert a high growth-inhibitory activity against human cancer cells (MCF-7 (A), WiDr (B), and HeLa (C)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Vitiello
- Department of Chemical
- Materials and Production Engineering
- University of Naples “Federico II”
- 80125 Naples
- Italy
| | - Alessandra Luchini
- CSGI – Consorzio interuniversitario per lo sviluppo di Sistemi a Grande Interfase
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI)
- Italy
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- CSGI – Consorzio interuniversitario per lo sviluppo di Sistemi a Grande Interfase
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI)
- Italy
| | - Rita Santamaria
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Naples “Federico II”
- 80131 Naples
- Italy
| | - Antonella Capuozzo
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Naples “Federico II”
- 80131 Naples
- Italy
| | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Naples “Federico II”
- 80131 Naples
- Italy
| | - Daniela Montesarchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples “Federico II”
- 80126 Naples
- Italy
| | - Luigi Paduano
- CSGI – Consorzio interuniversitario per lo sviluppo di Sistemi a Grande Interfase
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI)
- Italy
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18
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Oliva R, Del Vecchio P, Stellato MI, D'Ursi AM, D'Errico G, Paduano L, Petraccone L. A thermodynamic signature of lipid segregation in biomembranes induced by a short peptide derived from glycoprotein gp36 of feline immunodeficiency virus. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1848:510-7. [PMID: 25450811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between proteins/peptides and lipid bilayers are fundamental in a variety of key biological processes, and among these, the membrane fusion process operated by viral glycoproteins is one of the most important, being a fundamental step of the infectious event. In the case of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), a small region of the membrane proximal external region (MPER) of the glycoprotein gp36 has been demonstrated to be necessary for the infection to occur, being able to destabilize the membranes to be fused. In this study, we report a physicochemical characterization of the interaction process between an eight-residue peptide, named C8, modeled on that gp36 region and some biological membrane models (liposomes) by using calorimetric and spectroscopic measurements. CD studies have shown that the peptide conformation changes upon binding to the liposomes. Interestingly, the peptide folds from a disordered structure (in the absence of liposomes) to a more ordered structure with a low but significant helix content. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results show that C8 binds with high affinity the lipid bilayers and induces a significant perturbation/reorganization of the lipid membrane structure. The type and the extent of such membrane reorganization depend on the membrane composition. These findings provide interesting insights into the role of this short peptide fragment in the mechanism of virus-cell fusion, demonstrating its ability to induce lipid segregation in biomembranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Oliva
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Pompea Del Vecchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anna Maria D'Ursi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Petraccone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
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19
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Scrima M, Di Marino S, Grimaldi M, Campana F, Vitiello G, Piotto SP, D'Errico G, D'Ursi AM. Structural features of the C8 antiviral peptide in a membrane-mimicking environment. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:1010-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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Peptide-lipid interactions: experiments and applications. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:18758-89. [PMID: 24036440 PMCID: PMC3794806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140918758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions between peptides and lipids are of fundamental importance in the functioning of numerous membrane-mediated cellular processes including antimicrobial peptide action, hormone-receptor interactions, drug bioavailability across the blood-brain barrier and viral fusion processes. Moreover, a major goal of modern biotechnology is obtaining new potent pharmaceutical agents whose biological action is dependent on the binding of peptides to lipid-bilayers. Several issues need to be addressed such as secondary structure, orientation, oligomerization and localization inside the membrane. At the same time, the structural effects which the peptides cause on the lipid bilayer are important for the interactions and need to be elucidated. The structural characterization of membrane active peptides in membranes is a harsh experimental challenge. It is in fact accepted that no single experimental technique can give a complete structural picture of the interaction, but rather a combination of different techniques is necessary.
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