1
|
Liu M, Abdelmouleh M, Giuliani A, Nahon L, Poully JC. UV-VUV Photofragmentation Spectroscopy of Isolated Neutral Fragile Macromolecules: A Proof-of-Principle Based on a Deprotonated Vancomycin-Peptide Noncovalent Complex. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:9042-9050. [PMID: 36442079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The gas phase offers the possibility to analyze organic molecules by ultraviolet-vacuum ultraviolet (UV-VUV) spectroscopy without any solvent effect or limitation in terms of spectral range due to absorption by the solvent. Up to now, the size and chemical composition of neutral molecular systems under study have been limited by the use of vaporization methods based on thermal heating. Soft sources of gas-phase thermolabile molecular systems such as electrospray or matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization are appealing alternatives to heating-based techniques, but they lead to the production of ions. In such cases, UV-VUV action spectroscopy is then the method of choice to study the electronic structure and corresponding photodynamics of these gas-phase molecular ions. However, previous investigations have shown that the UV-VUV action spectrum of a given molecular ion depends on the charge state, which in many cases might be a caveat. Here, by means of synchrotron radiation coupled to mass spectrometry and through the test case of the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin noncovalently bound to a deprotonated small peptide, we show that the UV-VUV photofragmentation spectrum of neutral thermally fragile organic molecules can be obtained via charge-tagging action spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- CIMAP, UMR 6252 CEA/CNRS/ENSICAEN/Université de Caen Normandie, Bd Becquerel, 14070Caen, France
| | - Marwa Abdelmouleh
- CIMAP, UMR 6252 CEA/CNRS/ENSICAEN/Université de Caen Normandie, Bd Becquerel, 14070Caen, France
| | - Alexandre Giuliani
- SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, St. Aubin, BP48, 91192Gif sur Yvette, Cedex, France.,INRAE, UAR1008, Transform Department, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, 44316Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Nahon
- SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, St. Aubin, BP48, 91192Gif sur Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Poully
- CIMAP, UMR 6252 CEA/CNRS/ENSICAEN/Université de Caen Normandie, Bd Becquerel, 14070Caen, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee ST, Park H, Jang I, Lee CS, Moon B, Oh HB. New free radical-initiated peptide sequencing (FRIPS) mass spectrometry reagent with high conjugation efficiency enabling single-step peptide sequencing. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9494. [PMID: 35680949 PMCID: PMC9184593 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13624-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A newly designed TEMPO-FRIPS reagent, 4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) methyl benzyl succinic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester or p-TEMPO–Bn–Sc–NHS, was synthesized to achieve single-step free radical-initiated peptide sequencing mass spectrometry (FRIPS MS) for a number of model peptides, including phosphopeptides. The p-TEMPO–Bn–Sc–NHS reagent was conjugated to target peptides, and the resulting peptides were subjected to collisional activation. The peptide backbone dissociation behaviors of the MS/MS and MS3 experiments were monitored in positive ion mode. Fragment ions were observed even at the single-step thermal activation of the p-TEMPO–Bn–Sc–peptides, showing mainly a-/x- and c-/z-type fragments and neutral loss ions. This confirms that radical-driven peptide backbone dissociations occurred with the p-TEMPO–Bn–Sc–peptides. Compared to the previous version of the TEMPO reagent, i.e., o-TEMPO–Bz–C(O)–NHS, the newly designed p-TEMPO–Bn–Sc–NHS has better conjugation efficiency for the target peptides owing to its improved structural flexibility and solubility in the experimental reagents. An energetic interpretation using the survival fraction as a function of applied normalized collision energy (NCE) ascertained the difference in the thermal activation between p-TEMPO–Bn–Sc– and o-TEMPO–Bz–C(O)– radical initiators. This study clearly demonstrates that the application of the p-TEMPO–Bn–Sc– radical initiator can improve the duty cycle, and this FRIPS MS approach has the potential to be implemented in proteomics studies, including phosphoproteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Tak Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Hyemi Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Inae Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Choong Sik Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea.,Department of Toxicology and Chemistry, Scientific Investigation Laboratory, Criminal Investigation Command, Ministry of National Defense, Seoul, 04351, Korea
| | - Bongjin Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea.
| | - Han Bin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dang A, Korn JA, Gladden J, Mozzone B, Tureček F. UV-Vis Photodissociation Action Spectroscopy on Thermo LTQ-XL ETD and Bruker amaZon Ion Trap Mass Spectrometers: a Practical Guide. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:1558-1564. [PMID: 31087269 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02229-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report automated procedures for multiple tandem mass spectra acquisition allowing UV-Vis photodissociation action spectroscopy measurements of ions and radicals. The procedures were developed for two commercial ion trap mass spectrometers and applied to collision-induced and electron-transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry modes of ion generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Dang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, WA, 98195-1700, USA
| | - Joseph A Korn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, WA, 98195-1700, USA
| | - James Gladden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, WA, 98195-1700, USA
| | - Brandon Mozzone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, WA, 98195-1700, USA
| | - František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700, Seattle, WA, 98195-1700, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jang I, Jeon A, Lim SG, Hong DK, Kim MS, Jo JH, Lee ST, Moon B, Oh HB. Free Radical-Initiated Peptide Sequencing Mass Spectrometry for Phosphopeptide Post-translational Modification Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:538-547. [PMID: 30414067 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Free radical-initiated peptide sequencing mass spectrometry (FRIPS MS) was employed to analyze a number of representative singly or doubly protonated phosphopeptides (phosphoserine and phosphotyrosine peptides) in positive ion mode. In contrast to collision-activated dissociation (CAD) results, a loss of a phosphate group occurred to a limited degree for both phosphoserine and phosphotyrosine peptides, and thus, localization of a phosphorylated site was readily achieved. Considering that FRIPS MS supplies a substantial amount of collisional energy to peptides, this result was quite unexpected because a labile phosphate group was conserved. Analysis of the resulting peptide fragments revealed the extensive production of a-, c-, x-, and z-type fragments (with some minor b- and y-type fragments), suggesting that radical-driven peptide fragmentation was the primary mechanism involved in the FRIPS MS of phosphopeptides. Results of this study clearly indicate that FRIPS MS is a promising tool for the characterization of post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation. Graphical Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inae Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeran Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Gyu Lim
- Seoul Science High School, Seoul, 03066, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk Ki Hong
- Seoul Science High School, Seoul, 03066, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Seoul Science High School, Seoul, 03066, Republic of Korea
- Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyeong Jo
- Seoul Science High School, Seoul, 03066, Republic of Korea
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Tak Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongjin Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Bin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
MacAleese L, Girod M, Nahon L, Giuliani A, Antoine R, Dugourd P. Radical Anions of Oxidized vs. Reduced Oxytocin: Influence of Disulfide Bridges on CID and Vacuum UV Photo-Fragmentation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1826-1834. [PMID: 29949057 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1989-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The nonapeptide oxytocin (OT) is used as a model sulfur-containing peptide to study the damage induced by vacuum UV (VUV) radiations. In particular, the effect of the presence (or absence in reduced OT) of oxytocin's internal disulfide bridge is evaluated in terms of photo-fragmentation yield and nature of the photo-fragments. Intact, as well as reduced, OT is studied as dianions and radical anions. Radical anions are prepared and photo-fragmented in two-color experiments (UV + VUV) in a linear ion trap. VUV photo-fragmentation patterns are analyzed and compared, and radical-induced mechanisms are proposed. The effect of VUV is principally to ionize but secondary fragmentation is also observed. This secondary fragmentation seems to be considerably enabled by the initial position of the radical on the molecule. In particular, the possibility to form a radical on free cysteines seems to increase the susceptibility to VUV fragmentation. Interestingly, disulfide bridges, which are fundamental for protein structure, could also be responsible for an increased resistance to ionizing radiations. Graphical Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke MacAleese
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Marion Girod
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, BP 48 St Aubin, 91192, Gif Sur Yvette, France
| | - Alexandre Giuliani
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, BP 48 St Aubin, 91192, Gif Sur Yvette, France
- UAR1008 CEPIA, INRA, BP 71627, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - Rodolphe Antoine
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Parkes MA, Crellin J, Henley A, Fielding HH. A photoelectron imaging and quantum chemistry study of the deprotonated indole anion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:15543-15549. [PMID: 29808860 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01902a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Indole is an important molecular motif in many biological molecules and exists in its deprotonated anionic form in the cyan fluorescent protein, an analogue of green fluorescent protein. However, the electronic structure of the deprotonated indole anion has been relatively unexplored. Here, we use a combination of anion photoelectron velocity-map imaging measurements and quantum chemistry calculations to probe the electronic structure of the deprotonated indole anion. We report vertical detachment energies (VDEs) of 2.45 ± 0.05 eV and 3.20 ± 0.05 eV, respectively. The value for D0 is in agreement with recent high-resolution measurements whereas the value for D1 is a new measurement. We find that the first electronically excited singlet state of the anion, S1(ππ*), lies above the VDE and has shape resonance character with respect to the D0 detachment continuum and Feshbach resonance character with respect to the D1 continuum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Parkes
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Milosavljević AR, Rousseau P, Domaracka A, Huber BA, Giuliani A. Multiple electron capture from isolated protein poly-anions in collision with slow highly charged ions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:19691-19698. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02075a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiply charged ions very efficiently capture several electrons from trapped mass/charge selected protein poly-anions, producing dominantly charge-reduced proteins and small neutral losses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Milosavljević
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
- Institute of Physics Belgrade
- University of Belgrade
| | | | | | | | - A. Giuliani
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
- INRA
- U1008
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Drink E, Dugourd P, Dumont E, Aronssohn N, Antoine R, Loison C. Optical properties of prodigiosin and obatoclax: action spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 17:25946-55. [PMID: 26120608 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01498k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Prodiginine molecules (prodigiosin and obatoclax) are well-known pH-chromic dyes with promising anti-tumor properties. They present multiple tautomeric and rotameric forms. The protonation state and the structure of such flexible ligands in interaction with a protein are crucial to understand and to model the protein's biological activities. The determination of the protonation state via UV/vis absorption is possible if the ligand spectra of the neutral and protonated states are sufficiently different, and also if we can eliminate other factors potentially impacting the spectrum. Upon measuring the absorption spectra of the ligand in solution, varying solvents and pH values, we have determined that the optical properties of prodigiosin and obatoclax depend on the protonation state and not on the solvent permittivity constant. In parallel, action spectroscopy (using tunable lasers coupled to ion traps) in the gas phase of protonated and sodiated prodigiosin and obatoclax molecules has been performed to evaluate the sensitivity of the charge and the conformational state to their optical properties free of solvent. The spectra are interpreted using computational simulations of molecular structures and electronic excitations. The excitation energies are only slightly sensitive to various isomerizations, and may be used to distinguish between protonated and deprotonated states, even in the presence of a sodium counter-ion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangeline Drink
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kostko O, Bandyopadhyay B, Ahmed M. Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoionization of Complex Chemical Systems. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2016; 67:19-40. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-040215-112553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Kostko
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720;
| | - Biswajit Bandyopadhyay
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720;
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Viglino E, Shaffer CJ, Tureček F. UV/Vis Action Spectroscopy and Structures of Tyrosine Peptide Cation Radicals in the Gas Phase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7469-73. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Viglino
- Department of Chemistry University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | | | - František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Viglino E, Shaffer CJ, Tureček F. UV/Vis Action Spectroscopy and Structures of Tyrosine Peptide Cation Radicals in the Gas Phase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Viglino
- Department of Chemistry University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | | | - František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dunbar RC, Martens J, Berden G, Oomens J. Complexes of Ni(ii) and Cu(ii) with small peptides: deciding whether to deprotonate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:26923-26932. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03974j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy differentiates two binding modes (iminol versus charge solvated) for Ni(ii) bound to model peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Martens
- FELIX Laboratory
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Radboud University
- 6525ED Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Giel Berden
- FELIX Laboratory
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Radboud University
- 6525ED Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- FELIX Laboratory
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Radboud University
- 6525ED Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ranković ML, Canon F, Nahon L, Giuliani A, Milosavljević AR. VUV action spectroscopy of protonated leucine-enkephalin peptide in the 6-14 eV range. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:244311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4939080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Lj. Ranković
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - F. Canon
- INRA, UMR1324 Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - L. Nahon
- SOLEIL, l’Orme des Merisiers, St Aubin, BP48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - A. Giuliani
- SOLEIL, l’Orme des Merisiers, St Aubin, BP48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
- INRA, UAR1008, CEPIA, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - A. R. Milosavljević
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oh HB, Moon B. Radical-driven peptide backbone dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:116-132. [PMID: 24863492 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a number of novel tandem mass spectrometry approaches utilizing radical-driven peptide gas-phase fragmentation chemistry have been developed. These approaches show a peptide fragmentation pattern quite different from that of collision-induced dissociation (CID). The peptide fragmentation features of these approaches share some in common with electron capture dissociation (ECD) or electron transfer dissociation (ETD) without the use of sophisticated equipment such as a Fourier-transform mass spectrometer. For example, Siu and coworkers showed that CID of transition metal (ligand)-peptide ternary complexes led to the formation of peptide radical ions through dissociative electron transfer (Chu et al., 2000. J Phys Chem B 104:3393-3397). The subsequent collisional activation of the generated radical ions resulted in a number of characteristic product ions, including a, c, x, z-type fragments and notable side-chain losses. Another example is the free radical initiated peptide sequencing (FRIPS) approach, in which Porter et al. and Beauchamp et al. independently introduced a free radical initiator to the primary amine group of the lysine side chain or N-terminus of peptides (Masterson et al., 2004. J Am Chem Soc 126:720-721; Hodyss et al., 2005 J Am Chem Soc 127: 12436-12437). Photodetachment of gaseous multiply charged peptide anions (Joly et al., 2008. J Am Chem Soc 130:13832-13833) and UV photodissociation of photolabile radical precursors including a C-I bond (Ly & Julian, 2008. J Am Chem Soc 130:351-358; Ly & Julian, 2009. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 20:1148-1158) also provide another route to generate radical ions. In this review, we provide a brief summary of recent results obtained through the radical-driven peptide backbone dissociation tandem mass spectrometry approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Bin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Giuliani A, Milosavljević AR, Canon F, Nahon L. Contribution of synchrotron radiation to photoactivation studies of biomolecular ions in the gas phase. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:424-441. [PMID: 24375654 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Photon activation of ions in the visible and ultraviolet range attracts a growing interest, partly for its promising applications in tandem mass spectrometry. However, this task is not trivial, as it requires notably high brilliance photon sources. Hence, most of the work in that field has been performed using lasers. Synchrotron radiation is a source continuously tunable over a wide photon energy range and which possesses the necessary characteristics for ion activation. This review focuses on the array of applications of synchrotron radiation in photon activation of ions ranging from near UV to soft X-rays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Giuliani
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; UAR1008 CEPIA, INRA, 44316, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Antoine R, Lemoine J, Dugourd P. Electron photodetachment dissociation for structural characterization of synthetic and bio-polymer anions. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:501-22. [PMID: 24285407 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) is a generic term evoking techniques dedicated to structural analysis, detection or quantification of molecules based on dissociation of a precursor ion into fragments. Searching for the most informative fragmentation patterns has led to the development of a vast array of activation modes that offer complementary ion reactivity and dissociation pathways. Collisional activation of ions using atoms, molecules or surface resulting in unimolecular dissociation of activated ions still plays a key role in tandem mass spectrometry. The discovery of electron capture dissociation (ECD) and then the development of other electron-ion or ion/ion reaction methods, constituted a significant breakthrough, especially for structural analysis of large biomolecules. Similarly, photon activation opened promising new frontiers in ion fragmentation owing to the ability of tightly controlled internal energy deposition and easy implementation on commercial instruments. Ion activation by photons includes slow heating methods such as infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) and black-body infrared radiative dissociation (BIRD) and higher energy methods like ultra-violet photodissociation (UVPD) and electron photo detachment dissociation (EPD). EPD occurs after UV irradiation of multiply negatively charged ions resulting in the formation of oxidized radical anions. The present paper reviews the hypothesis regarding the mechanisms of electron photo-detachment, radical formation and direct or activated dissociation pathways that support the observation of odd and even electron product ions. Finally, the value of EPD as a complementary structural analysis tool is illustrated through selected examples of synthetic polymers, oligonucleotides, polypeptides, lipids, and polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolphe Antoine
- University of Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France; CNRS et Université Lyon 1, UMR5306, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Antoine R, Enjalbert Q, MacAleese L, Dugourd P, Giuliani A, Nahon L. Multiple Electron Ejection from Proteins Resulting from Single-Photon Excitation in the Valence Shell. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:1666-1671. [PMID: 26270363 DOI: 10.1021/jz500489s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
One-photon multiple ionization is a signature of dynamical electron correlations in atoms and small molecules, as observed in the Auger process when Auger electron emission follows core-shell ionization. In such a process, the high energy needed to remove several electrons is due to the strong Coulombic attraction between the last departing electron(s) and the ionic core. Multiply negatively charged molecules offer the possibility to overcome the Coulombic attraction, opening the way for multielectron photodetachment following valence shell excitation. Here photodetachment studies have been performed on electrosprayed protein polyanions using vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation coupled to a radiofrequency ion trap. Double, triple, and quadruple electron emissions from protein polyanions resulting from single-photon excitation in the valence shell were observed with ionization thresholds below 20 eV photon energy. This suggests the existence of large electronic correlations in proteins between weakly bound electrons standing on distant sites. Besides, the resulting multiradical polyanions appear to be remarkably stable, an important issue in radiobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolphe Antoine
- †Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
- ‡UMR5306, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Quentin Enjalbert
- †Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
- ‡UMR5306, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Luke MacAleese
- †Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
- ‡UMR5306, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- †Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
- ‡UMR5306, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alexandre Giuliani
- ∥SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, St Aubin, BP48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
- ⊥INRA, UAR1008, CEPIA, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Nahon
- ∥SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, St Aubin, BP48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Webber N, He Y, Reilly JP. 157 nm photodissociation of dipeptide ions containing N-terminal arginine. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:196-203. [PMID: 24310819 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Twenty singly-charged dipeptide ions with N-terminal arginine were photodissociated using 157 nm light in both a linear ion-trap mass spectrometer and a MALDI-TOF-TOF mass spectrometer. Analogous to previous work on dipeptides containing C-terminal arginine, this set of samples enabled insights into the photofragmentation propensities associated with individual residues. In addition to familiar products such as a-, d-, and immonium ions, m2 and m2+13 ions were also observed. Certain side chains tended to cleave between their β and γ carbons without necessarily forming d- or w-type ions, and a few other ions were produced by the high-energy fragmentation of multiple bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Webber
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Enjalbert Q, Brunet C, Vernier A, Allouche AR, Antoine R, Dugourd P, Lemoine J, Giuliani A, Nahon L. Vacuum ultraviolet action spectroscopy of polysaccharides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:1271-1279. [PMID: 23722725 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We studied the optical properties of gas-phase polysaccharides (maltose, maltotetraose, and maltohexaose) ions by action spectroscopy using the coupling between a quadrupole ion trap and a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron radiation facility (France) in the 7 to 18 eV range. The spectra provide unique benchmarks for evaluation of theoretical data on electronic transitions of model carbohydrates in the VUV range. The effects of the nature of the charge held by polysaccharide ions on the relaxation processes were also explored. Finally the effect of isomerization of polysaccharides (with melezitose and raffinose) on their photofragmentation with VUV photons is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Enjalbert
- Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622, Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Touboul D, Gaie-Levrel F, Garcia GA, Nahon L, Poisson L, Schwell M, Hochlaf M. VUV photoionization of gas phase adenine and cytosine: A comparison between oven and aerosol vaporization. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:094203. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4793734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
21
|
Brunet C, Antoine R, Dugourd P, Canon F, Giuliani A, Nahon L. Photo-induced electron detachment of protein polyanions in the VUV range. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:064301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4790165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
22
|
González-Magaña O, Reitsma G, Tiemens M, Boschman L, Hoekstra R, Schlathölter T. Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Mass Spectrometry of a Gas-Phase Peptide. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:10745-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jp307527b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. González-Magaña
- KVI Atomic and Molecular Physics, University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747AA Groningen,
The Netherlands
| | - G. Reitsma
- KVI Atomic and Molecular Physics, University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747AA Groningen,
The Netherlands
| | - M. Tiemens
- KVI Atomic and Molecular Physics, University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747AA Groningen,
The Netherlands
| | - L. Boschman
- KVI Atomic and Molecular Physics, University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747AA Groningen,
The Netherlands
- Kapteyn
Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, Landleven 12, 9747AD Groningen,
The Netherlands
| | - R. Hoekstra
- KVI Atomic and Molecular Physics, University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747AA Groningen,
The Netherlands
| | - T. Schlathölter
- KVI Atomic and Molecular Physics, University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747AA Groningen,
The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Milosavljević AR, Nicolas C, Gil JF, Canon F, Réfrégiers M, Nahon L, Giuliani A. VUV synchrotron radiation: a new activation technique for tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2012; 19:174-178. [PMID: 22338675 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049512001057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel experimental technique for tandem mass spectrometry and ion spectroscopy of electrosprayed ions using vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) synchrotron radiation is presented. Photon activation of trapped precursor ions has been performed by coupling a commercial linear quadrupole ion trap (Thermo scientific LTQ XL), equipped with the electrosprayed ions source, to the DESIRS beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron radiation facility. The obtained results include, for the first time on biopolymers, photodetachment spectroscopy using monochromated synchrotron radiation of multi-charged anions and the single photon ionization of large charge-selected polycations. The high efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio achieved by the present set-up open up possibilities of using synchrotron light as a new controllable activation method in tandem mass spectrometry of biopolymers and VUV-photon spectroscopy of large biological ions.
Collapse
|
24
|
González-Magaña O, Reitsma G, Bari S, Hoekstra R, Schlathölter T. Length effects in VUV photofragmentation of protonated peptides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:4351-4. [PMID: 22354411 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23470j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have studied photoionization of protonated synthetic peptides YG(n)F (n = 0, 1, 3, 5, 10). Photon energies ranging from 8 to 30 eV were used. For YG(n)F peptides up to n = 5 small fragment ions related to the sidechains of the aromatic terminal amino acids Y and F dominate the fragmentation patterns. The associated yields scale with total photoabsorption cross section, demonstrating efficient hole migration towards the terminal amino acids upon photoionization of the peptide backbone. For n = 10 the side-chain loss channel is quenched and a series of large dications appear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O González-Magaña
- KVI Atomic and Molecular Physics, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Brunet C, Antoine R, Dugourd P, Canon F, Giuliani A, Nahon L. Formation and fragmentation of radical peptide anions: insights from vacuum ultra violet spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2012; 23:274-281. [PMID: 22083590 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-011-0285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the photodissociation of gas-phase deprotonated caerulein anions by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photons in the 4.5 to 20 eV range, as provided by the DESIRS beamline at the synchrotron radiation facility SOLEIL (France). Caerulein is a sulphated peptide with three aromatic residues and nine amide bonds. Electron loss is found to be the major relaxation channel at every photon energy. However, an increase in the fragmentation efficiency (neutral losses and peptide backbone cleavages) as a function of the energy is also observed. The oxidized ions, generated by electron photodetachment were further isolated and activated by collision (CID) in a MS(3) scheme. The branching ratios of the different fragments observed by CID as a function of the initial VUV photon energy are found to be independent of the initial photon energy. Thus, there is no memory effect of the initial excitation energy on the fragmentation channels of the oxidized species on the time scale of our tandem MS experiment. We also report photofragment yields as a function of photon energy for doubly deprotonated caerulein ions, for both closed-shell ([M-2H](2-)) non-radical ions and open-shell ([M-3H](2-•)) radical ions. These latter ions are generated by electron photodetachment from [M-3H](3-) precursor ions. The detachment yield increases monotonically with the energy with the appearance of several absorption bands. Spectra for radical and non-radical ions are quite similar in terms of observed bands; however, the VUV fragmentation yield is enhanced by the presence of a radical in caerulein peptides.
Collapse
|
26
|
Antoine R, Dugourd P. Visible and ultraviolet spectroscopy of gas phase protein ions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:16494-509. [PMID: 21811728 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21531k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Optical spectroscopy has contributed enormously to our knowledge of the structure and dynamics of atoms and molecules and is now emerging as a cornerstone of the gas phase methods available for investigating biomolecular ions. This article focuses on the UV and visible spectroscopy of peptide and protein ions stored in ion traps, with emphasis placed on recent results obtained on protein polyanions, by electron photodetachment experiments. We show that among a large number of possible de-excitation pathways, the relaxation of biomolecular polyanions is mainly achieved by electron emission following photo-excitation in electronically excited states. Electron photodetachment is a fast process that occurs prior to relaxation on vibrational degrees of freedom. Electron photodetachment yield can then be used to record gas phase action spectra for systems as large as entire proteins, without the limitation of system size that would arise from energy redistribution on numerous modes and prevent fragmentation after the absorption of a photon. The optical activity of proteins in the near UV is directly related to the electronic structure and optical absorption of aromatic amino acids (Trp, Phe and Tyr). UV spectra for peptides and proteins containing neutral, deprotonated and radical aromatic amino acids were recorded. They displayed strong bathochromic shifts. In particular, the results outline the privileged role played by open shell ions in molecular spectroscopy which, in the case of biomolecules, is directly related to their reactivity and biological functions. The optical shifts observed are sufficient to provide unambiguous fingerprints of the electronic structure of chromophores without the requirement of theoretical calculations. They constitute benchmarks for calculating the absorption spectra of chromophores embedded in entire proteins and could be used in the future to study biochemical processes in the gas phase involving charge transfer in aromatic amino acids, such as in the mediation of electron transfer or redox reactions. We then addressed the important question of the sensitivity of protein optical spectra to the intrinsic properties of protein ions, including conformation, charge state, etc., and to environmental factors. We report optical spectra for different charge states of insulin, for ubiquitin starting from native and denaturated solutions, and for apo-myoglobin protein. All these spectra are compared critically to spectra recorded in solution, in order to assess solvent effects. We also report the spectra of peptides complexed with metal cations and show that complexation gives rise to new optical transitions related to charge transfer types of excitation. The perspectives of this work include integrative approaches where UV-Vis spectroscopy could, for example, be combined with ion mobility spectrometry and high level calculations for protein structural characterization. It could also be used in spectroscopy to probe biological processes in the gas phase, with different light sources including VUV radiation (to probe different types of excitations) and ultra short pulses with time and phase modulation (to probe and control the dynamics of de-excitation or charge transfer events), and with the derivatization of proteins with chromophores to modulate their optical properties. We also envision that photo-excitation will play an important role in the future to produce intermediates with new chemical and reactive properties. Another promising route is to conduct activated electron photodetachment dissociation experiments.
Collapse
|