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Wang X, Sha F, Xie H, Zengcai Z, Idrees KB, Xu Q, Liu Y, Cho LS, Xiao J, Kirlikovali KO, Ren J, Notestein JM, Farha OK. Unveiling Synergetic Photocatalytic Activity from Heterometallic Ti/Ce Clusters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:30020-30030. [PMID: 38814279 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Titanium-oxo clusters, with their robust structure and suitable optical and electronic properties, have been widely investigated as photocatalysts. Heterometallic Ti/M-oxo clusters provide additional tunability and functionality, which enable systematic structure-activity investigations to elucidate the reaction mechanisms and improve the catalyst design. Incorporating cerium into Ti-oxo clusters can provide additional redox (CeIV/CeIII) and oxygen harvesting ability, but to date, only a limited number of structurally defined titanium-cerium (Ti/Ce) clusters have been reported due to their synthetic challenges. Herein, we report the synthesis and photocatalytic properties of two structurally defined Ti/Ce-oxo clusters, Ti8Ce2(BA)16 and Ti9Ce4(BA)20, as well as a TiCe-BA cluster with a calculated formula of Ti20Ce9O36(BA)42. Photocatalytic study of these clusters demonstrates that the amount of Ce3+ species greatly impacts its photocatalytic oxidation performance, and their superior photocatalytic reactivity toward aerobic alcohol oxidation can be contributed to the synergistic effects of the multiple radical species generated upon light absorption. This work represents a significant milestone in the construction of stable Ti/Ce-oxo clusters, enriching the current library of known heterometallic Ti/M-oxo clusters, and providing a series of crystalline materials with great promise of photoluminescence and photovoltaic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fanrui Sha
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Haomiao Xie
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ziyu Zengcai
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Karam B Idrees
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Qingchong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lauren S Cho
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jing Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kent O Kirlikovali
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Junli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Justin M Notestein
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Toigawa T, Kai T, Kumagai Y, Yokoya A. Consideration of the dielectric response for radiation chemistry simulations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:214119. [PMID: 38836449 DOI: 10.1063/5.0211089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The spur reaction, a spatially nonhomogeneous chemical reaction following ionization, is crucial in radiolysis or photolysis in liquids, but the spur expansion process has yet to be elucidated. One reason is the need to understand the role of the dielectric response of the solvating molecules surrounding the charged species generated by ionization. The dielectric response corresponds to the time evolution of the permittivity and might affect the chemical reaction-diffusion of the species in a spur expansion process. This study examined the competitive relationship between reaction-diffusion kinetics and the dielectric response by solving the Debye-Smoluchowski equation while considering the dielectric response. The Coulomb force between the charged species gradually decreases with the dielectric response. Our calculation results found a condition where fast recombination occurs before the dielectric response is complete. Although it has been reported that the primary G-values of free electrons depend on the static dielectric constant under low-linear-energy transfer radiation-induced ionization, we propose that considering the dielectric response can provide a deeper insight into fast recombination reactions under high-linear-energy transfer radiation- or photo-induced ionization. Our simulation method enables the understanding of fast radiation-induced phenomena in liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Toigawa
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kai
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Yuta Kumagai
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Akinari Yokoya
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8555, Japan
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Wang X, Xie H, Knapp JG, Wasson MC, Wu Y, Ma K, Stone AEBS, Krzyaniak MD, Chen Y, Zhang X, Notestein JM, Wasielewski MR, Farha OK. Mechanistic Investigation of Enhanced Catalytic Selectivity toward Alcohol Oxidation with Ce Oxysulfate Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12092-12101. [PMID: 35786950 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ceria-based materials have been highly desired in photocatalytic reactions due to their redox properties and strong oxygen storage and transfer ability. Herein, we report the structures of one CeCe70 oxysulfate cluster and four MCe70 clusters (M = Cu, Ni, Co, and Fe) with the same Ce70 core. As noted, single-crystal X-ray diffraction confirmed the structures of CeCe70 and the MCe70 series, while Raman spectroscopy indicated an increase in oxygen defects upon the introduction of Cu and Fe ions. The clusters catalyzed the oxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol under ultraviolet light. CuCe70 and FeCe70 exhibited enhanced reactivity compared to CeCe70 and improved aldehyde selectivity compared to control experiments. In comparison with their homogeneous congeners, the CeCe70/MCe70 clusters altered the location of radical generation from the bulk solution to the clusters' surfaces. Mechanistic studies highlight the role of oxygen defects and specific transition metal introduction for efficient photocatalysis. The mechanistic pathway in this study provides insight into how to select or design a highly selective catalyst for photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Wang
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Haomiao Xie
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Julia G Knapp
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Megan C Wasson
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yufang Wu
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kaikai Ma
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Aaron E B S Stone
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew D Krzyaniak
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yijing Chen
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xuan Zhang
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Justin M Notestein
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Bird MJ, Cook AR, Zamadar M, Asaoka S, Miller JR. Pushing the limits of the electrochemical window with pulse radiolysis in chloroform. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14660-14670. [PMID: 32573579 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01948h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pulse radiolysis (PR) enables the full redox window of a solvent to be accessed, as it does not require electrodes or electrolyte which limit the potentials accessible in voltammetry measurements. PR in chloroform has the additional possibility to enable reaching highly positive potentials because of its large ionization potential (IP). PR experiments demonstrated the formation of the (deuterated) chloroform radical cation CDCl3+˙, identifying it as the source of the broad absorption in the visible part of the spectrum. Results indicated that solutes with a redox potential up to +3.7 V vs. Fc/Fc+ can be oxidized by CDCl3+˙, which is far beyond what is possible with electrochemical techniques. Oxidation is not efficient because of rapid geminate recombination with chloride counterions, but also due to rapid decomposition of CDCl3+˙ which limits the yield of otherwise longer-lived free ions. The rapid, 6 ± 3 ns, decomposition, confirmed by two independent experiments, means that a solute must be present at a concentration >100 mM to capture >90% of the free holes formed. Addition of ethene removes the broad, overlapping absorptions from ubiquitous (chlorine atom, solute) complexes created by PR in halogenated solvents enabling clear observation of solute cations. The results also unravel the complex radiation chemistry of chloroform including the large reported value G(-CHCl3) = 12 molecules/100 eV for the decomposition of chloroform molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Bird
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA.
| | - Andrew R Cook
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA.
| | - Matibur Zamadar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, Texas 75962-3006, USA
| | - Sadayuki Asaoka
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugaskaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - John R Miller
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, USA.
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Microcystis aeruginosa Synergistically Facilitate the Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride and Cr(VI) on PAN/TiO2/Ag Nanofiber Mats. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8120628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms can cause serious damage to aquatic ecosystems. However, we have demonstrated that typical algae-blooming species Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) combined with photocatalysts could synergistically facilitate the photodecontamination of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) and Cr(VI). In this study, for the first time, harmful algae were successfully converted into photoreactive bionano hybrid materials by immobilizing M. aeruginosa cells onto polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-TiO2/Ag hybrid nanofibers, and their photocatalytic activity was evaluated. The addition of M. aeruginosa significantly improved the photodecontamination, and the reaction rate constant (k) values of TC and Cr(VI) degradation by M. aeruginosa-PAN/TiO2/Ag nanofiber mats were 2.4 and 1.5-fold higher than that of bare PAN/TiO2/Ag nanofiber. Photoreaction caused damage to algae cells, but no microcystin was found that had been photodegraded simultaneously. The effects of various active species were also investigated, and the photodegradation mechanism was proposed. Recycling tests revealed that this flexible M. aeruginosa-PAN/TiO2/Ag hybrid mat had potential application in the removal of mixed organic and inorganic pollutants with high efficiency and without secondary pollutants. Thus, harmful algae blooms could serve as an efficient materials to remove toxic pollutants in a sustainable way under visible light irradiation.
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Borovkov VI. Spin-Correlated Radical Ion Pairs Generated in Liquid Haloalkanes Using High-Energy Radiation. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8750-8762. [PMID: 30132333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b06884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The probability of formation of spin-correlated secondary radical ion pairs (RIPs) in diluted solutions of charge acceptors in irradiated haloalkanes is believed to be extremely low due to the dissociative attachment of excess electrons to solvent molecules. Contrary to this, it has been found that spin-correlated RIPs can be formed upon irradiation in some liquid chloroalkanes with yield sufficient to observe the recombination fluorescence of the RIP's partners. This allowed the study of primary radical cations (RCs) as well as radical ionic states of molecules dissolved in haloalkanes using the method of time-resolved magnetic field effect (TR MFE) in radiation-induced fluorescence. With this method, the magnetic resonance characteristics of the solvent RCs in a series of liquid haloalkanes were examined for the first time. For the 1,2-dichloroethane RC, the rate of scavenging by solute molecules and the dominant mechanisms of paramagnetic relaxation were determined. Polysulfone and poly(ethyl methacrylate) were used to demonstrate that due to their high dissolving ability, chloroalkanes can be exploited as solvents to study the magnetic resonance characteristics of radical ionic states of polymeric molecules in solutions with the TR MFE method.
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Borovkov
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion , Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science , 3, Institutskaya Street , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , 2 Pirogova Street , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
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Ye X, Dai X, Meng S, Fu X, Chen S. A Novel CdS/g-C3N4Composite Photocatalyst: Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Performance with Different Reaction Solvents under Visible Light Irradiation. CHINESE J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangju Ye
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Anhui Science and Technology University; Fengyang Anhui 233100 China
| | - Xia Dai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Anhui Science and Technology University; Fengyang Anhui 233100 China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Huaibei Normal University; Huaibei Anhui 235000 China
| | - Sugang Meng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Huaibei Normal University; Huaibei Anhui 235000 China
| | - Xianliang Fu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Huaibei Normal University; Huaibei Anhui 235000 China
| | - Shifu Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Anhui Science and Technology University; Fengyang Anhui 233100 China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Huaibei Normal University; Huaibei Anhui 235000 China
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