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Wang X, Li J, Lei J, Xu X, Zheng Y, Chen J, Tian X, Gou Q. Fluorination effects probed in 4-fluoroacetophenone and its monohydrate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25450-25457. [PMID: 37712319 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01578e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Rotational spectra of the 4-fluoroacetophenone monomer and its monohydrate were investigated by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy complemented with quantum chemical calculations. One conformer of 4-fluoroacetophenone and two isomers of 4-fluoroacetophenone-H2O have been observed in the pulsed jets. The observation of all mono-substituted 13C isotopologues in natural abundance allows an accurate structural determination of the 4-fluoroacetophenone monomer. Both detected isomers of 4-fluoroacetophenone-H2O are stabilized by a dominant O-H⋯O and a secondary C-H⋯O hydrogen bond. The fluorination effects on the geometries, intermolecular non-covalent interactions and V3 barrier of the methyl internal rotation were analysed. The relative population ratio of the two observed isomers for 4-fluoroacetophenone-H2O was also estimated to be NI/NII ≈ 7/1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jiayi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Juncheng Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xuefang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yang Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Junhua Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiao Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Qian Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China
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Helle N, Raeker T, Grotemeyer J. Studies of the First Electronically Excited State of 3-Fluoropyridine and Its Ionic Structure by Means of REMPI, Two-Photon MATI, One-Photon VUV-MATI Spectroscopy and Franck-Condon Analysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2412-2423. [PMID: 35019908 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04636e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3-Fluoropyridine (3-FP) has been investigated by means of two-photon resonance-enhanced multi photon ionization (REMPI), mass-analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) and one-photon vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) MATI spectroscopy. The aim was the determination of the effect of m-fluorine substitution on the vibronic structure of the first electronically excited and ionic ground state. The S1 excitation energy has been determined to be 35 064 ± 2 cm-1 (4.3474 ± 0.0002 eV). Strong evidence of a distinct vibronic coupling via ν16b and ν[Wag.out.,16a] to one or both of the lowest 1ππ* states has been found, which results in a warped S1 minimum structure with C1 symmetry. The adiabatic ionization energy of the ionic ground state (14a', nN-LP orbital) has been determined to be 76 579 ± 6 cm-1 (9.4946 ± 0.0007 eV), which is the first value reported for this state. The origin of the D1 state (4a'', π-orbital) is located close by at 77 129 cm-1 (9.5628 eV). As a result of the D0-D1 vicinity, the ionic ground state is coupled to the D1 state via ν[Wag.out.,16a] and ν10a, which induces a twisted D0 geometry with C1 symmetry. Furthermore, for the first time two-photon and one-photon MATI spectra are presented together, which yield a much better understanding of the ionic vibronic structure in comparison to either of these experiments alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Helle
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Tim Raeker
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Juergen Grotemeyer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
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Daudet G, van Wijngaarden J. Analysis of the Complex Quadrupole Hyperfine Patterns for Two Chlorine Nuclei in the Rotational Spectrum of 2,5-Dichlorothiophene. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6089-6095. [PMID: 34254807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rotational spectrum of 2,5-dichlorothiophene (DCT) was measured for the first time using Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy from 5.5-19 GHz. Dense hyperfine splitting patterns due to the two quadrupolar chlorine nuclei (I = 3/2) were resolved and assigned for the 35Cl-35Cl, 37Cl-35Cl, and 37Cl-37Cl isotopologues and for the two 13C and one 34S analogues with two 35Cl atoms, allowing derivation of their respective nuclear quadrupole coupling tensors. The rotational constants obtained from fitting the spectra of the six isotopic species allowed derivation of the experimental geometry of DCT for comparison with the equilibrium structure computed at the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ level. This revealed that the electron-withdrawing effect of chlorine causes small distortions in the ring geometry relative to thiophene, including a 1.1° increase in the two S-C-C angles and a 0.012 Å increase in the two S-C bond lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Daudet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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4
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Poonia T, Silva WG, van Wijngaarden J. Derivation of an accurate geometry of 2-fluoroaniline from rotational spectroscopy and computational chemistry. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Pinacho P, Obenchain DA, Schnell M. New findings from old data: A semi-experimental value for the eQq of the nitrogen atom. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:234307. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0033071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Pinacho
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraβe 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel A. Obenchain
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraβe 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Schnell
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraβe 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straβe 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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6
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Gao S, Wang J, Li M, Kleiner I, Feng G, Gou Q. Microwave spectra and structures of 2-fluoro-4-picoline. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Bergmann K, van Wijngaarden J. Rotational Spectroscopic and Ab Initio Investigation of the Rotamer Geometries of 2-Fluoroanisole and 3-Fluoroanisole. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:2270-2278. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Bergmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Wang J, Li XL, Gou Q, Feng G. Microwave spectrum and structure of 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1910186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiao-long Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qian Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gang Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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Chen JH, Wang J, Feng G, Gou Q. Rotational spectra of 2,3,6-trifluoropyridine: Effect of fluorination on ring geometry. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1910184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-hua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gang Feng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qian Gou
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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Sun W, Silva WGDP, van Wijngaarden J. Rotational Spectra and Structures of Phenyl Isocyanate and Phenyl Isothiocyanate. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:2351-2360. [PMID: 30817149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The pure rotational spectra of phenyl isocyanate (PhNCO) and phenyl isothiocyanate (PhNCS) were investigated using Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy in the range from 4 to 26 GHz. For each molecule, rotational transitions due to the parent species and nine minor isotopologues including seven 13C, one 15N, and one 18O/34S have been observed in natural abundance. The rm(1) geometries were derived from the resulting sets of rotational constants and are consistent with the equilibrium structures (re) from ab initio calculations performed at the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ level. NBO and Townes-Dailey analyses were conducted to better understand the electronic structure and geometry of each compound. In the case of PhNCS, the nitrogen atom displays more sp-like character resulting in shorter C-N bonds and a larger CNC angle relative to those of PhNCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Sun
- Department of Chemistry , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba R3T 2N2 , Canada
| | - Weslley G D P Silva
- Department of Chemistry , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba R3T 2N2 , Canada
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Sun W, Lozada IB, van Wijngaarden J. Fourier Transform Microwave Spectroscopic and ab Initio Study of the Rotamers of 2-Fluorobenzaldehyde and 3-Fluorobenzaldehyde. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:2060-2068. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b11673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Issiah Byen Lozada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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12
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Sun W, van Wijngaarden J. Structural elucidation of 2-fluorothiophenol from Fourier transform microwave spectra and ab initio calculations. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Calabrese C, Gou Q, Spada L, Maris A, Caminati W, Melandri S. Effects of Fluorine Substitution on the Microsolvation of Aromatic Azines: The Microwave Spectrum of 3-Fluoropyridine-Water. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:5163-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Calabrese
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G.
Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Qian Gou
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G.
Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spada
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G.
Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Assimo Maris
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G.
Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Walther Caminati
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G.
Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sonia Melandri
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G.
Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
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14
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Kamaee M, Sun M, Luong H, van Wijngaarden J. Investigation of Structural Trends in Mono-, Di-, and Pentafluorobenzonitriles Using Fourier Transform Microwave Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:10279-92. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b07379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Kamaee
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Ming Sun
- School
of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Lingwei Road 200, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094 China
| | - Horace Luong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada
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15
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Sun M, Kamaee M, van Wijngaarden J. Microwave spectroscopic investigation and structural determination of the Ar-difluoropyridine van der Waals complexes. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:8730-6. [PMID: 25146691 DOI: 10.1021/jp507018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ground state rotational spectra of the van der Waals dimers of 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, and 3,5-difluoropyridine with argon were investigated in the range of 4 to 26 GHz using both Fourier transform microwave (FTMW) and chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave (cp-FTMW) spectroscopy. The spectroscopic parameters derived from fitting the observed transitions were used to estimate the van der Waals coordinates of the five weakly bound complexes and to quantitatively describe their internal dynamics using a pseudodiatomic model. The experimental structures are in fair agreement with MP2 calculations (6-311++G(2d, 2p)) and have the centers of mass of the two moieties separated by 3.486 to 3.545 Å with the Ar atom lying 2-10° from the c' axis of the ring monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Sun
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Xiao Lingwei Road 200, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094 China
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LI L, SUN M, LI XH, ZHAO ZW, MA HM, GAN HY, LIN ZH, SHI SC, Ziurys LM. Recent Advances on Rotational Spectroscopy and Microwave Spectroscopic Techniques. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(14)60767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sun M, Kamaee M, van Wijngaarden J. Rotational Spectra and Structures of the van der Waals Dimers of Argon with 2-Fluoropyridine and 3-Fluoropyridine. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:13429-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jp406821g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2
Canada
| | - Mahdi Kamaee
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2
Canada
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