1
|
Abstract
The depletion of fossil fuel resources and the negative impact of their use on the climate have resulted in the need for alternative sources of clean, sustainable energy. One available alternative, bioethanol, is a potential substitute for, or additive to, petroleum-derived gasoline. In the lignocellulose-to-bioethanol process, the cellulose hydrolysis step represents a major hurdle that hinders commercialization. To achieve economical production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials, the rate and yield of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, which is preferred over other chemically catalyzed processes, must be enhanced. To achieve this, product inhibition and enzyme loss, which are two major challenges, must be overcome. The implementation of membranes, which can permeate molecules selectively based on their size, offers a solution to this problem. Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) can enhance enzymatic hydrolysis yields and lower costs by retaining enzymes for repeated usage while permeating the products. This paper presents a critical discussion of the use of MBRs as a promising approach to the enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials. Various MBR configurations and factors that affect their performance are presented.
Collapse
|
2
|
|
3
|
Parthasarathi R, Balamurugan K, Shi J, Subramanian V, Simmons BA, Singh S. Theoretical Insights into the Role of Water in the Dissolution of Cellulose Using IL/Water Mixed Solvent Systems. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:14339-49. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b02680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishnan Parthasarathi
- Deconstruction
Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological
and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | | | - Jian Shi
- Deconstruction
Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological
and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, United States
- Current with Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Venkatesan Subramanian
- Chemical
Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Blake A. Simmons
- Deconstruction
Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological
and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Seema Singh
- Deconstruction
Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological
and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Payne CM, Knott BC, Mayes HB, Hansson H, Himmel ME, Sandgren M, Ståhlberg J, Beckham GT. Fungal Cellulases. Chem Rev 2015; 115:1308-448. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500351c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 533] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Payne
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering and Center for Computational
Sciences, University of Kentucky, 177 F. Paul Anderson Tower, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Brandon C. Knott
- National
Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Heather B. Mayes
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Henrik Hansson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Almas allé 5, SE-75651 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael E. Himmel
- Biosciences
Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Mats Sandgren
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Almas allé 5, SE-75651 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jerry Ståhlberg
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Almas allé 5, SE-75651 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gregg T. Beckham
- National
Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Velioglu S, Yao X, Devémy J, Ahunbay MG, Tantekin-Ersolmaz SB, Dequidt A, Costa Gomes MF, Pádua AAH. Solvation of a Cellulose Microfibril in Imidazolium Acetate Ionic Liquids: Effect of a Cosolvent. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:14860-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp508113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
6
|
Shang BZ, Chu JW. Kinetic Modeling at Single-Molecule Resolution Elucidates the Mechanisms of Cellulase Synergy. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs500126q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry Z. Shang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jhih-Wei Chu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute
of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ciesielski PN, Matthews JF, Tucker MP, Beckham GT, Crowley MF, Himmel ME, Donohoe BS. 3D electron tomography of pretreated biomass informs atomic modeling of cellulose microfibrils. ACS NANO 2013; 7:8011-9. [PMID: 23988022 DOI: 10.1021/nn4031542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental insights into the macromolecular architecture of plant cell walls will elucidate new structure-property relationships and facilitate optimization of catalytic processes that produce fuels and chemicals from biomass. Here we introduce computational methodology to extract nanoscale geometry of cellulose microfibrils within thermochemically treated biomass directly from electron tomographic data sets. We quantitatively compare the cell wall nanostructure in corn stover following two leading pretreatment strategies: dilute acid with iron sulfate co-catalyst and ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX). Computational analysis of the tomographic data is used to extract mathematical descriptions for longitudinal axes of cellulose microfibrils from which we calculate their nanoscale curvature. These nanostructural measurements are used to inform the construction of atomistic models that exhibit features of cellulose within real, process-relevant biomass. By computational evaluation of these atomic models, we propose relationships between the crystal structure of cellulose Iβ and the nanoscale geometry of cellulose microfibrils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter N Ciesielski
- Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Devarajan A, Markutsya S, Lamm MH, Cheng X, Smith JC, Baluyut JY, Kholod Y, Gordon MS, Windus TL. Ab Initio Study of Molecular Interactions in Cellulose Iα. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:10430-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jp406266u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaolin Cheng
- UT/ORNL
Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6309, United States
| | - Jeremy C. Smith
- UT/ORNL
Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6309, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, M407 Walters
Life Sciences, 1414 Cumberland Avenue, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shang BZ, Chang R, Chu JW. Systems-level modeling with molecular resolution elucidates the rate-limiting mechanisms of cellulose decomposition by cellobiohydrolases. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:29081-9. [PMID: 23950182 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.497412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interprotein and enzyme-substrate couplings in interfacial biocatalysis induce spatial correlations beyond the capabilities of classical mass-action principles in modeling reaction kinetics. To understand the impact of spatial constraints on enzyme kinetics, we developed a computational scheme to simulate the reaction network of enzymes with the structures of individual proteins and substrate molecules explicitly resolved in the three-dimensional space. This methodology was applied to elucidate the rate-limiting mechanisms of crystalline cellulose decomposition by cellobiohydrolases. We illustrate that the primary bottlenecks are slow complexation of glucan chains into the enzyme active site and excessive enzyme jamming along the crowded substrate. Jamming could be alleviated by increasing the decomplexation rate constant but at the expense of reduced processivity. We demonstrate that enhancing the apparent reaction rate required a subtle balance between accelerating the complexation driving force and simultaneously avoiding enzyme jamming. Via a spatiotemporal systems analysis, we developed a unified mechanistic framework that delineates the experimental conditions under which different sets of rate-limiting behaviors emerge. We found that optimization of the complexation-exchange kinetics is critical for overcoming the barriers imposed by interfacial confinement and accelerating the apparent rate of enzymatic cellulose decomposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barry Z Shang
- From the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu S, Xu X, Zhang L. Effect of Heating on Chain Conformation of Branched β-Glucan in Water. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:8370-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp403202u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072,
China
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072,
China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072,
China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gross AS, Bell AT, Chu JW. Preferential Interactions between Lithium Chloride and Glucan Chains in N,N-Dimethylacetamide Drive Cellulose Dissolution. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:3280-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp311770u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam S. Gross
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
| | - Alexis T. Bell
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
| | - Jhih-Wei Chu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|